Sri Lankas Indophobia

Protestors holding placards during a demonstration against CEPA in 2010 (File

Photo)

07 August 2015
The long-delayed signing of the Comprehensive Economic Partnership
Agreement (CEPA) between India and Sri Lanka will be actively opposed
by local entrepreneurs, the Chamber of Young Lankan Entrepreneurs
(COYLE) said on Thursday.
The group further demanded the tightening of regulations on foreign
investment. The government pledged earlier this year to reduce barriers in
order to encourage FDI, but COYLE urged the government to take steps to
ensure the protection of Sri Lankan entrepreneurs and all local Small and
Medium Enterprises (SMEs), the Daily FT reported.

COYLE member and Chairman of Multichemi Group of Companies,

Samantha Kumarasinghe said there was evidence to show that the CEPA
agreement was not beneficial to Sri Lanka
This particular economic summit was conducted by one chamber
comprising many foreign members. They may have had an interest in it
and we really dont know if it was the view of the Government. But if any
Government tries to sign the agreement, we will do our best to oppose it. It
is an agreement thats very carefully and shrewdly drafted by India and
forced on us, he said.
If the Government is going to sign CEPA, I think theyre either misled or
theyre making an unwise decision, he added.
The new government has treated the ongoing controversy over the
agreement with caution, since it took power earlier this year. In March Sri
Lanka said it would bring CEPA back to the negotiating table, however
deputy minister of policy planning and economic development Harsha de
Silva, stressed that the government had to be convinced that the
agreement is beneficial to Sri Lanka, before it would agree to sign it.
During his visit to New Delhi, President Maithripala Sirisena even said
he deliberately dodged talks with Prime Minister Narendra Modi on the
issue.
I want to assure you that I will not enter any agreement with any country
that will be harmful to our businesses, said Mr Sirisena in March, while
addressing Sri Lankan businesses after his trip.

Discussions on the agreement, designed to open up greater trade and

investment between the two countries, stalled after protests by Sinhalese
professional and business groups opposing the agreement as a threat to Sri
Lankan sovereignty.
The deal, which was supposed to have been signed in 2008, was largely
finalised under the Rajapaksa government, however Sri Lanka failed to
approve it, despite pressure from the IMF.
An IMF official in 2011 stressed the importance of CEPA, saying fears of
Indian labour flooding the domestic market were unfounded and argued Sri
Lankas service sector would benefit from Indian clients.
Meanwhile, India has signed similar agreements with several countries,
including South Korea and Canada.
The arguments to counter Sri Lankas apparent phobia of Indian trade are
not new (see LBO's analysis of CEPA and the criticisms here). As top Sri
Lankan economist R.M.B. Senanayake pointed out in 2010,
Definitely for there is no more scope for a small country to go it
alone in the world of globalization. We should integrate more
closely and benefit from the larger regional economy."

Cartoon published in The Island in 2010

But Sri Lanka also knows its Sinhala first economic vision is at odds with a globalised
economy.

An economist from Singapore's Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy said in
2012 Sri Lanka has been withholding trade from India, most notably the
neighbouring Southern states, "for a combination of chauvinistic reasons and
defensive economic reasons of some [local] business."
See: Chauvinism in Sri Lanka's trade policies - international economist (24
December 2012)

In particular, CEPA could enable a revival of the North-Eastern economy.

The Northern Provincial Council in particular has specifically called for
increased links, including trade, between Tamil Nadu and the islands NorthEast, something opposed by the Sinhala south. The latest example of the
governments reluctance to connect the Tamil region with the outside world
is demonstrated by the lack of response to enthusiastic Indian plans for the
building of a bridge across the Palk Strait. Despite India having already
submitted a feasibility proposal to the Asian Development Bank, Sri Lanka
is yet to respond to the plan. Only yesterday, a representative from a major

Sinhala federation, the FNO, said the intention behind the bridge was
to annex Sri Lanka to India.
CEPAs implementation would also see Sri Lankan firms face competition
from Indian companies, looking to expand into the market.
After demonstrations in 2010, just before President Rajapaksa visited India,
he met with protestors and his office released a statement vowing:
The government will not enter into any pact or agreement that is
inimical to its people and economic interests."
Comments made by other members of COYLE during the event on
Thursday demonstrate the deep-running fear of opening up the economy to
India.
Another member of the collective and chairman of KIK Lanka, Lalith
Kahatapitiya, also criticised the recent reports of the impending signing of
the deal, warning that riots would ensue if Sri Lankas unemployment rate
increased due to the agreement.
The unemployment of engineers in India is close to half a million. When
we have 6,000 to 15,000 engineers graduating from our universities and
we dont provide them with jobs, there will be youth unrest. If there are no
employment opportunities for Sri Lankan youths, they will start rioting, he
said.
The panel at COYLEs media briefing also urged the introduction of
restrictions on foreign ownership in all businesses to a maximum of 49%,
other than the BOI Export Oriented Industries within the Free Trade Zones.

The group further said the retail trade should be reserved for Sri Lankan
entrepreneurs only and foreigners cannot be allowed to enter this trade.
COYLE said any bilateral economic deals with other countries should only
be agreed once approved by parliament. Responding to a reporter who
asked whether the organisation was against foreigners investing in Sri
Lanka, chairman of Epic Technology Group Nayana Dehigama said they
were in favour, but that the government should take measures to safeguard
local entrepreneurs.
There is a driving force behind this country, which is the entrepreneur
community. Think about that. All we ask is to not give them everything on
a platter. Think about the local entrepreneur community also. For example,
what would happen if an Indian billion dollar company started operating
here without any taxes? What would happen to Sri Lankan companies in
the same trade?
They could dump their prices here over a couple of years until such time
they find that no Sri Lankan industry is sustained. And then from there
they will take it up.
That is why we say protect Sri Lankan entrepreneurs by way of
implementing existing policies. There are already policies in place,
implemented by different governments. We need more, we need protection
and there are loopholes.
Please address them. Do something to close these loopholes, he said.
As the Tamil Guardian said in 2012,

"In other words, whilst Sri Lanka wants Indian capital investment,
it does not want Indian trade, Indian traders or indeed Indian
advice on constitutional reform!"
See related articles below:
Helping diaspora invest in North should be prioritised says Jaffna Business Forum (05
August 2015)
India still awaiting Sri Lanka's approval for rail link (03 August 2015)
Trade will improve if Tamil issue solved India (27 July 2014)
India working on project to build road to Sri Lanka with ADB support (09 July 2015)
No discussions held on India's road-rail link submission at ADB says Sri Lanka (20
June 2015)
UNHCR calls for Sri Lanka to renew ferry service to India to aid Tamil
refugee resettlement (14 May 2015)
India keen to restart ferry service between Tamil Nadu and North-East (11
March 2015)
India urges political reconciliation of Tamils in Sri Lanka (19 January 2015)
NPC resolution demands transport links between North-East and India (19 February
2014)
The big bad CEPA (24 August 2012)
Remain 'vigilant' of CEPA and 'Mighty India' (05 August 2012)
Anyone but the Indians (29 April 2012)
Bilateral relations? (10 April 2012)
Posted by Thavam