Graphene: The Super material for Future Technology

Implantation
The social comforts of human culture are developed by the advances in the invention of
innovative class of materials. These materials are capable of fulfilling the need of physics, aids in
the development of smart technology. Smart technology has made life simpler, more cherish and
healthier than ever. The secret beyond these inventions is that, scientists are biased by nature.
The Mother Nature has encapsulated many design models and is only reveled by focused
observation. Since we all know that repetition is the mother of all learning, these model can be
developed into mass production by rigorous thinking, and effective implementation of the
technology for the development of the process. These processes implant a base for future growth
of computational technology.

Soar of size
Initially, design of components were established on the fact that bigger the size of the
component greater the strength. Later we were able to realize that shape of the part being
designed also depends on the shape and structure of the material being used to build the
component.
The talk of Feynman by stating that there is plenty of room at the bottom, enabled to manipulate
individual atoms and molecule by using one set of precise tools to build and operate another
proportionally smaller set, so on down to the needed scale. He has also emphasized on the fact
that gravity would become less important and surface tension Van der Waals attraction concepts
would play a predominant role in designing of such miniature composites structures.

Carbon forms of life

Carbon atoms form the backbone of almost all the important biological molecules floating
around the life on earth. It is the base for DNA and all life on Earth. Carbon can exist in several
different forms. The most common form of carbon is graphite, which consists of stacked sheets of
carbon with a hexagonal structure.

Nobel Prize
Geim and Novoselov Delicately cleaved a sample of graphite with sticky tape, and hence they
produced a structure which was hypothetical: Yes a thin sheet of crystalline carbon just one atom
thick, known as grapheme. Monolayer graphene was isolated and characterized by these

researchers. They were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010 for their groundbreaking work
on graphene.
Universal tenure

Electrons can race through graphene at nearly the speed of light 100 times faster than they
move through silicon. In addition to being superthin and superfast when it comes to conducting
electrons, graphene is also superstrong and superflexible, making it a potential superstar
material in the electronics and photonics fields, the basis for a host of devices, starting with
ultrafast transistors. One big problem, however, has been that graphenes electron conduction
cant be completely stopped, an essential requirement for on/off devices.

This is an illustration of ultrafast photovoltage creation after light absorption at the interface of two graphene
areas with different Fermi energy. Credit: ICFO/Achim Woessner.

It is 200 times stronger than steel, but is incredibly flexible. It is fire resistant yet retains heat. It
is a superb conductor,

Fascination with this material stems from its remarkable physical properties and the potential
applications these properties offer for the future. Although scientists knew one atom thick, twodimensional crystal graphene existed, no-one had worked out how to extract it from graphite.

high speed electronics (high performance applications)

transparent and flexible electronics (consumer electronics)
graphene-based mechanical components and systems
graphene-based lightweight composites

Connecting idea
Innovation has now Bacme the cre