lass
1st Octet
Decimal
Range
Network/Host
Hosts per
Default Subnet Number of
ID (N=Network,
Network (Usable
Mask
Networks
H=Host)
Addresses)
1 126*
N.H.H.H
255.0.0.0
128 191
N.N.H.H
255.255.0.0
192 223
N.N.N.H
255.255.255.0
126 (27 2)
16,777,214 (224
2)
16,382 (214
65,534 (216 2)
2)
2,097,150
254 (28 2)
(221 2)
D 224 239
Reserved for Multicasting
E 240 254
Experimental; used for research
Note: Class A addresses 127.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 cannot be used and is reserved for loopback
and diagnostic functions.
Private IP Addresses
Class Private Networks
A
10.0.0.0
B
172.16.0.0 - 172.31.0.0
C
192.168.0.0
Subnet Mask
Address Range
255.0.0.0
10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
255.240.0.0 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
255.255.0.0 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
Q: What are main Email Servers and which are their ports?
A: Email servers can be of two types:
Incoming Mail Server (POP3, IMAP, HTTP)
The incoming mail server is the server associated with an email address account. There cannot be
more than one incoming mail server for an email account. In order to download your emails,
you must have the correct settings configured in your email client program.
Outgoing Mail Server (SMTP)
Most outgoing mail servers use SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) for sending emails. The
outgoing mail server can belong to your ISP or to the server where you setup your email account.
The main email ports are:
What is FQDN?
An FQDN contains (fully qualified domain name) both the hostname and a domain name. It
uniquely identifies a host within a DNS hierarchy
Proxy Server:
Proxy server allows all clients to access Internet with different access limits. Proxy server has its
own firewall which filters the all packet from web server.