International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2012)

FUZZY SPEED CONTROLLER DESIGN OF THREE PHASE

INDUCTION MOTOR
Divya Rai1,Swati Sharma2, Vijay Bhuria3
1,2

P.G.Student, 3 Assistant Professor Department of Electrical Engineering, Madhav institute of technology and
science,Gwalior.
1

divya_rai2007@rediffmail.com
2
Swatisharma.1987@yahoo.com
3
vijay_bhuria@yahoo.co.in

Abstract The induction motor is without doubt the most

used electrical motor because of its unique characteristics.
Most of its applications need fast and intelligent speed control
system.This paper presents an intelligent and advanced speed
control based on fuzzy logic technique to achieve maximum
torque and efficiency.A rule based Mamdani type fuzzy logic
controller is applied to closed loop induction motor
model.Scalar control(volt-hertz) method is used for
controlling speed.A conventional controller is compared
practically to fuzzy logic controller using Matlab/Simulink
software package.The simulation results show the superiority
of the fuzzy logic controller.

Figure1.Fuzzy control system

II.

Keywords fuzzylogic, Inductionmotor, scalarcontrol,

imulink, speed control.

I.

DYNAMIC MODEL OF INDUCTION MOTOR [3]

The dynamic modeling of Induction Motor is done in

Simulink program of Matlab by utilizing its mathematical
equations which are shown below. We have used
synchronous frame of reference where:

INTRODUCTION

The induction motor is considered since its discovery as

actuator privileged in the applications of constant speed,
and it has many advantages, such as low cost, high
efficiency, good self starting, its simplicity of design, the
absence of the collector brooms system, and a small inertia.
However, induction motor has disadvantages, such as
complex, nonlinear, and multivariable of mathematical
model of induction motor, and the induction motor is not
inherently capable of providing variable speed
operation.These limitations can be solved through the use
of smart motor controllers and adjustable speed controllers
[1]. Advanced control based on artificial intelligence
technique is called intelligent control[2]. The fuzzy logic
controller is the most efficient controller because of its
non-linearity handling features and it is independent of
plant model.
The technique to embody human-like thinking into a
control system is fuzzy control. A fuzzy controller can be
designed to emulate human deductive thinking, that is, the
process people use to infer conclusions from their
knowledge. Fuzzy control has been primarily applied to the
control of processes through linguistic descriptions. Fuzzy
logic control system consists of four blocks as shown in
Figure 1.[2]
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International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2012)
As the controller generates the slip speed sl signal that
is added with electrical speed that yields synchronous
speed s that is used in induction motor model with
synchronous reference frame and generate the voltage
command through Volts/HZ function to keep flux
constant.[4]

Figure2.Block diagram of scalar control system

B. Fuzzy-PI Controller
The fuzzy controller is basically an input/ output static
non-linear mapping, the controller action can be written in
the form [ 6 ]:
u = ke .e + k ce .ce
The Fuzzy-PI output is:
y = k p .u + k i .u
Where ke is the gain of the speed error, kce is the gain of
the change of speed error, kp is the proportional factor; ki
is the integral factor, e is the speed error, ce is the change
of speed error, u is the fuzzy output.

III.

PROPOSED CONTROL SYSTEM

Due to poor dynamic performance in open-loop of

induction motor, scalar control technique has been used in
many applications to achieve high dynamic performance,
get tracking speed, and generate maximum torque of
induction motor.
A. Scalar Control
Scalar control as the name indicates, is due to magnitude
variation of the control variables only, and disregards the
coupling effect in the machine. Scalar control has been
widely used in industry, the fact that they are easy to
implement. The scalar control strategy is based on
simplified volts/Hertz control scheme with stator frequency
regulation as shown in figure2.

Figure3.Fuzzy PI control

IV.

FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER

FLC approach is very useful for induction motor speed

drives since no exact mathematical model of the induction
motor or the closed-loop system is required. FLC has a
fixed set of control rules, usually derived from experts
knowledge.
146

International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2012)
The membership function (MF) of the associated input
and output linguistic variables is generally predefined on a
common universe of discourse. For the successful design of
FLCs proper selection of input and output scaling factors
(gains) or tuning of the other controller parameters are
crucial jobs, which in many cases are done through trial
and error to achieve the best possible control
performance[1].
The structure of FLC is shown in figure4. The structure
shows four functions,each one materialized by block :
A fuzzification interface, the fuzzy control initially
converts the crisp error and its rate of change in
displacement into fuzzy variables; then they are mapped
into linguistic labels. Membership functions are defined
within the normalized range (-1, 1), and associated with
each label: NB (Negative Big), NS (Negative Small), ZE
(Zero), PS (Positive Small), and PB (Positive Big). Five
MFs are chosen for e(pu) and ce(pu) signals and five for
output. All the MFs are symmetrical for positive and
negative values of the variables. Thus, maximum 55 = 25
rules can be formed as tabulated in Table I.

The gains G1, G2, and G3 are scaling factors to adapt

the variables to the normalized scale. However, the
inference strategy is the mamdani algorithm, so the if-then
rules for fuzzy scalar control for speed control will be
twenty five rules.

(a)

(b)

Figure4. STRUCTURE OF FUZZY CONTROL

A knowledge base (a set of If-Then rules), which contains

the definition of the fuzzy subsets, their membership
functions, their universe discourse and the whole of the
rules of inference to achieve good control.
An inference mechanism (also called an inference
engine or fuzzy inference module), which is heart of a
fuzzy control, poses the capacity to feign the human
decisions and emulates the experts decision making in
interpreting and applying knowledge about how best to
control the plant.
A defuzzification interface, which converts the
conclusions of the inference mechanism into actual inputs
for the process. In this work; Center Of Area (COA) is used
as a deffuzification method, which can be presented as:

(c)

(d)

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Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2012)
TABLE III
COMPARED WITH CONVENTIONAL SPEED CONTROL
APPLIED ON 3 PHASE,415V,3HP INDUCTION MOTOR(Drum
size d=.225m)

S
.
N
o

Line
Voltage
(in
volts)

Input
curren
t(in
amper
es)

W1
Input

W2
Inp
ut

Loa
dS1

Loa
d S2

Speed
Nr(in
RPM)

(in
Kg)

(e)

360

360

40

1500

Figure5. (a,b)Inputs membership function, (c)Output membership

function, (d) Rules view (e)Surface view.

356

1.25

460

240

1460

TABLE I
RULES FOR FUZZY CONTROLLER

355

1.5

680

320

1455

354

880

400

1436

350

2.5

1040

520

1424

344

1120

640

10

1414

340

3.5

1320

740

12

1400

335

4.2

1560

920

14

1385

NB

NS

ZE

PS

PB

NB

NB

NB

NS

NS

ZE

NS

NB

NS

NS

ZE

PS

ZE

NS

NS

ZE

PS

PS

PS

NS

ZE

PS

PB

PB

PB

ZE

PS

PS

PB

PB

O/P

MODEL OF INDUCTION MOTOR IN SIMULINK [6]

TABLE II
.PARAMETERS OF INDUCTION MACHINE[5]

Parameters

Symbols

Values

units

Shaft power

2.2

kw

Number of pole pairs

Stator resistance

Rs

2.4

Rotor resistance

Rr

1.452

Total leakage factor

0.136

Mutual inductance

0.1

Stator(rotor) self inductance

Ls=Lr

0.121

Inertia moment

0.013

SI

Viscous friction coefficient

0.002

SI

Figure6. Fuzzy scalar speed control of induction motor in

Matlab/simulink

V.

SIMULATION RESULTS

Simulation results have been realized under

Matlab/Simulink environment. A simullink model is
carried out to realize induction motor equations using
parameters in Table II. Figure6. shows the implementation
of fuzzy controller for scalar control.

148

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Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2012)
VI.

CONCLUSIONS

Fuzzy logic controller shows fast control response with

induction motor.This controller gives maximum torque
over the entire speed range.Linguistic rules control the
speed.This speed controller shows fast response,smooth
performance and high dynamic response with changing and
transient conditions.
REFERENCES
[1 ] Fuzzy Controller for Three Phase Induction Motor Drives by Basem
M. Badr,Ali M.Eltamaly and A.I.Alolah.
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and Technology 23,2006.
[3 ] Speed Control of Induction Motor using Fuzzy-PI Controller by
Divya Asija,IEEE 2010,2nd International Conference on Mechanical
and Electronics Engineering(ICMEE2010),vol.2,pp.460-463.
[4 ] B.K.Bose,Modern Power Electronics and AC Drives,PrenticeHall,Upper Saddle River,NJ,2002.
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Direct
Matrix
Converter
by
F.Tazerart
and
P.Le
Moigne,International Journal of Research and Reviews in Computer
Engineering,vol.1,No.1,March 2011.
[6 ] Scalar Speed Control of a dq Induction Motor model using Fuzzy
Logic Controller by Ramon C.Oros,Guillermo O.Fortr,Luis Canali.
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Shailendra Jain,First Edition :2011.
[8 ] Leonhard Werner,Control of Electrical Drives,Third edition
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Modeling Using Simulink,MNPERE.Minnesota(2001).
[10 ] Afonso,J.L.,Fonseca,J.,Martins,J.S.,Couto,C.A.,
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logic
techniques applied to the control of a three- phase induction motor.

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