application to a wide variety of both applied health and life science questions as well as
issues in theoretical evolutionary biology. It attempts to simulate in the most natural
way the evolutionary process that generates the genetic architecture that underlies
present-day traits, and related phenomena such as mate choice, migration bias,
population substructure, and interactions with the environment. These phenomena are
related to the way natural selection affects underlying genetic variation, molding the
traits genetic architecture. Variation over the short evolutionary scale, within species or
among closely related species, is generally built upon a phylogenetically stable
underlying causal genetic architecture upon which mutation, selection, and
demographic effects are laid to generate subsequent variation within and among
populations.