McCarthy
Coduto (2001)
Split-spoon
S
lit
Sampler
Coduto (2001)
5 cm OD
3.5 cm ID
SPT: Procedure
Drill to the desired depth
Drop a 63.5 kg mass on top of the
drill rod from a height of 0.75 m
Count the number of hammer
blows to drive the split-spoon
sampler 3 separate 15 cm intervals
Sum of blows over the last 2
increments (i.e. the last 30 cm) is
the blow count or N-value
C d t (2001)
Coduto
N = 11
N = 17
N = 16
N = 11
200
300
400
500
600
0
10
50
Deepth (ft)
20
30
100
200
0
400
800
1200
1600
60
2000
Depth ((m)
100
Non-intrusive
Non intr si e (Surface
(S rface Wave
Wa e Methods)
Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves (SASW)
Multi-channel
Multi channel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW)
Refraction Microtremor (ReMi)
Horizontal (H1)
Geophone
H i t l (H2)
Horizontal
Geophone
Vertical (V)
Geophone
Receiver
Case
3D Receiver
Crosshole Hammer
Noormalized Maagnitude
Ti
Trigger
0
Vertical Receiver
in One Borehole
-2
Vertical Receiver
in Second Borehole
-4
-6
-0.002
0.000
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
Time, sec
Vs = d / t = m/s
0.010
Crosshole: Vs Profile
0
Meassurement Depth, ft
50
Thin
Limestone
Layer (?)
100
150
Site 2 Boreholes
41C-41A Crosshole
41C-41B Crosshole
200
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
Borehole BH-4
BHG-3
Borehole Receiver
Shear Wave
Traction Plank
Instrumented
Sledgehammer
BHG-3
Control Box
Laptop
Dynamic
Signall Analyzer
Si
A l
Downhole: Vs Profile
Cable Head
Diskette
with Data
Head Reducer
Winch
Upper Geophone
Lower Geophone
Filter Tube
Source
Source Driver
Weight
Overall Length ~ 25 ft
Courtesy of GeoVision
Receiver 1
Receiver 2
SASW Setup
Layer 1
Layer 2
Multi-Layered Solid
MASW Setup
SASW Equipment
MASW Equipment
12 60 Geophones
Vibroseis Source
Air
Layer
Layer11
Vertical
Particle Motion
1
Vertical
Particle Motion
2
Layer22
Layer
Layer 3
Layer
Waves with
W
ih
different
frequencies/
q
wavelengths sample
different depths
a. Material
Profile
Depth
Depth
c. Longer
b. Shorter
Wavelength, 2
Wavelength, 1
5000
10
100
1000
ReceiverSpacings=5,10,20,25,
40,50,150,300,450,and600ft.
1200
3000
800
2000
400
1000
0
1
10
100
Wavelength (ft)
1000
0
10000
Phase V
Velocity (m//sec)
Phase V
Velocity (ft/s
sec)
4000
5000
10
100
1000
1200
3000
800
2000
400
Phase V
Velocity (m/sec
c)
1000
2000
4000
6000
8000
0
200
100
1
10
100
Wavelength (ft)
1000
0
10000
400
600
200
800
max/2
1000
1200
0
500
1000
1500
2000
300
Depth (m)
Depth (ft)
D
4000
IBC (2009)
ASCE 7-05
Vs
Su
> 1,500
1 500 m/s
760 1,500 m/s
360 760 m/s
180 360 m/s
/
< 180 m/s
ASCE 7-05
Vs is
i preferred
f
d because
b
it is
i directly
di tl related
l t d to
t the
th
shear stiffness of the soil deposit (G = Vs2)
0.2-sec
(~ 2-story building)
ASCE 7-05
Example Sites
Shear Wave Velocity (m/s)
500
1000
1500
2000
100
200
300
400
20
20
10
10
400
Depth (ft)
60
15
60
20
20
80
25
100
2000
4000
6000
Site Class B
30
8000
80
25
100
400
800
1200
Site Class D
30
1600
Depth (m)
15
Depth (m)
Depth (ft)
40
ASCE 7-05
Questions?