Casing Setting Depth Selection

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Casing Setting Depth Selection
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
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Intermediate Casing Depth Selection

Liner Depth Selection
Surface Casing Depth Selection
Conductor Pipe Depth Selection
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Casing Setting Depth Selection
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Intermediate Casing and Liner
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Surface Casing Setting Depth

Selection
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Shallow casing strings such as surface casing are often imposed to

pressures that are more severe than the considerations used to
select the setting depths for intermediate casing and liner. These
pressures usually result from kicks inadvertently taken when drilling
deeper sections.
As a result, surface setting depths are selected to contain kick
pressures rather than the previously described procedures for
intermediate casing.
Kick-imposed equivalent mud weights are the cause for most
underground blowouts. When a kick occurs, the shutin casing
pressure added to the drilling mud hydrostatic pressure exceeds the
formation fracture pressure and results in an induced fracture.
Therefore, the objective of a seat selection procedure that avoids
underground blowouts would be to choose a depth that can
competently withstand the pressures of reasonable kick conditions.
= equivalent mud weight at the depth of interest, lb/gal

= deepest interval, ft
= ft
= incremental kick mud weight increase, lb/gal
= original mud weight, lb/gal
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EMWkick
Total depth
Depth of interest
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Where:
5.3
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A precise determination of kick-imposed pressures can be difficult.

However, a procedure that estimates the values has been proven
in field applications to be quick and effective. Fig. 5-4 represents a
well whose pumps and blowout preventers have simulated a kick.
Eq. 5.3 describes the pressure relationships:
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Kick pressure-equivalent mud weight relationships
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Kick Tolerance
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Maximum Casing Pressure - MCP

Maximum Allowable Annular Surface Pressure
- MAASP, MASP
Maximum Casing pressure that the formation
can withstand prior to fracture
= (EMW-MW)*0.052*TVDcasing seat
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Kick Tolerance
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Assumes zero pit gain
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Maximum ppg kick - Maximum mud weight

increase on a kick prior to formation fracture
= (EMW-MW)*TVDshoe/TVDwell
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Maximum Kick Volume
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Kick Tolerance
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MKV = Maximum kick volume, bbl

rs = frac gradient at the casing seat, psi/ft
rm= mud gradient, psi/ft
rK= formation pressure gradient, psi/ft
ann cap = annular capacity at depth of influx, bbl/ft
Hs = vertical depth of casing seat, ft
Hv = Vertical depth of the well, ft
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Kick Types
Gas Kicks
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Rapid expansion as gas circulated through choke

Mud gas separators and flare lines used
Gas migration problems
Higher SICP than others
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Kick Types
Gas Kicks, cont.
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Barite settling in OB mud

Solubility of gas masks kick indicators
Flammability of gas
Slugging of gas at choke
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Kick Types
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not flammable
very little expansion
lower SICP than gas or oil
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Water kicks
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But, there is still usually some gas present.
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Kick Types
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not flammable
very little expansion
lower SICP than gas or oil
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Water kicks
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But, there is still usually some gas present.
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Kick Types
Prediction kick types
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Density of gas =1-2 ppg

Density of oil = 6-8 ppg
Density of salt water =8.6-9.0 ppg
SICP SIDPP
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KickDensity MW
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0.052 height
PitGain , bbl
height
Ann.Cap, bbl / ft
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Casing Size Selection
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What size casing and what size bit do we required?

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Once the setting depths have been determined the next step is
obviously to select the sizes of the casing strings to be set.
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The sizes will depend on a number of things,
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Two important things to know about selection of casing size:
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Hole size determines casing size, the recommended clearance

For cementing should be taken into consideration.
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Hole size at any point in the well except the surface is determined
by the previous string of casing This means one thing to us.
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In selecting casing size usually have to start at the bottom of the

hole.
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The size of the last string of casing run in a well is determined

by the type of completion that will be employed.
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That decision is usually the function of an interdisciplinary team

of reservoir, production, and drilling personnel.
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There are numerous criteria on which this decision is based, so

we will assume for our purposes that the size of the last string
is predetermined and we will proceed from that point.
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Once we know the diameter of the final liner or string of casing the
procedure proceeds like this:
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Determine the hole size (bit size) for the final string of casing.
Determine what diameter casing will allow that size bit to pass
through it That is the size of the next string of casing.
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Repeat the procedure until all of the hole sizes and casing sizes
have been determined.
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Precaution: After the casing string have been designed be sure to

check the drift diameter to be certain that the bit will pass
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Casing Size
Selection

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The broken lines indicate

less commonly used hole
sizes. The selection of one
of these broken paths
requires
that
special
attention be given to the
connection, mud weight,
cementing, and doglegs.
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Solid
lines
indicate
commonly used bits for
that size pipe and can be
considered
to
have
adequate clearance to
run and cement the
casing or liner.
Typical bit and casing size for hard rock formations.

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The broken lines indicate

less commonly used hole
sizes. The selection of one
of these broken paths
requires
that
special
attention be given to the
connection, mud weight,
cementing, and doglegs.
ir
Solid
lines
indicate
commonly used bits for
that size pipe and can be
considered
to
have
adequate clearance to
run and cement the
casing or liner.
typical bit and casing sizes for unconsolidated formations.
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The previous chart starts with the last string of casing or liner and
works downwards to the first casing string of the well. You can
see on this chart there are many options even for those
situations where the same size liner or casing is to be run. In
general, hard rock offers us more choices and clearance between
the casing and borehole wall can be less than for unconsolidated
wells.

Casing Setting Depth Selection

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Casing Setting Depth Selection

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Casing Setting Depth Selection

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Intermediate Casing Depth Selection

Casing Setting Depth Selection

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Intermediate Casing and Liner

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Surface Casing Setting Depth

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Surface Casing Depth Selection

Shallow casing strings such as surface casing are often imposed to

Surface Casing Depth Selection

= equivalent mud weight at the depth of interest, lb/gal

A precise determination of kick-imposed pressures can be difficult.

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Kick pressure-equivalent mud weight relationships

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Maximum Casing Pressure - MCP

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Assumes zero pit gain

Maximum ppg kick - Maximum mud weight

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Maximum Kick Volume

MKV = Maximum kick volume, bbl

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Rapid expansion as gas circulated through choke

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Barite settling in OB mud

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

But, there is still usually some gas present.

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

But, there is still usually some gas present.

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Density of gas =1-2 ppg

Casing Size Selection

What size casing and what size bit do we required?

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Casing Size Selection

The sizes will depend on a number of things,

Two important things to know about selection of casing size:

Hole size determines casing size, the recommended clearance

In selecting casing size usually have to start at the bottom of the

Casing Size Selection

The size of the last string of casing run in a well is determined

That decision is usually the function of an interdisciplinary team

There are numerous criteria on which this decision is based, so

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Casing Size Selection

Precaution: After the casing string have been designed be sure to

Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir

Casing Size Selection

The broken lines indicate

Typical bit and casing size for hard rock formations.

Casing Size Selection

The broken lines indicate

typical bit and casing sizes for unconsolidated formations.