AUTOMOTIVE ENGINES
LTPC 3003
OBJECTIVES:
To understand the basic principles of engines used for automobiles and different systems.
UNIT I CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION
Constructional details of spark ignition (SI) and compression ignition (CI) engines. Working
principles. Two stroke SI and CI engines construction and working. Comparison of SI and CI
engines and four stroke and two stroke engines. Engine classification, firing order. Otto, diesel
and dual cycles.
UNIT II FUEL SYSTEMS
Air fuel ratio requirements of SI engines, Air fuel ratio and emissions, working of a simple fixed
venturi carburetor, Constant vacuum carburetor. Diesel fuel injection systems-Jerk pumps,
distributor pumps, pintle and multihole nozzles, Unit injector and common rail injection systems.
Injection pumps calibration. Need for a governor for diesel engines. Description of a simple
diesel engine governor.
UNIT III COMBUSTION AND COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
Need for cooling, types of cooling systems- air and liquid cooling systems. Thermo syphon and
forced circulation and pressurized cooling systems. Properties of coolants. Requirements of
lubrication systems. Types-mist, pressure feed, dry and wet sump systems. Properties of
lubricants.
2. Thermosyphon system
3. Evaporative cooling system
4. Pressure cooling system
5. Write about the comparison between the liquid and air cooling system?
6. What is the application of air-cooling system? (8 or 4 marks)
7. Advantages and disadvantages of Air-cooling system or Water-Cooling system?
8. Explain about the properties of lubricants?
9. What is meant by mist lubrication system?
10. Explain the types of wet sump lubrication system?
11. Explain about the dry sump lubrication system?
12. Explain about the crankcase ventilation?
13. Write about additives used with lubricants?
UNIT 4 SUPERCHARGING, TURBOCHARGING AND ENGINE TESTING
PART - A
1. Define turbocharger & supercharger?
2. State the need for the turbocharger?
3. State the disadvantages of turbocharger?
Turbo lag, especially on large turbos. A large turbo may give more peak
power, but can take more time to spool up.
Driveability may be compromised, particularly when the boost threshold is
approached and suddenly a surge of power is too much for the tyres to cope
with, causing understeer/oversteer (depending on which wheels are driven).
This reduces the useable power band of the engine, and leads to more wear
and tear on the drivetrain.
Turbochargers are costly to add to NA engines, and add complexity. Adding
a turbo can often cause a cascade of other engine modifications to cope with
5. Retardation test
11. Explain different methods of turbocharging?
12. State the methods used to measure the indicated power of an engine
(i)
(ii)
UNIT 2 DIAGARMS