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VFR COMMUNICATION
A radio direction finding station will use the following Qcode to pass a true heading (no wind) to an aircraft to
head for that station QUJ.
QNH is the Q-code to indicate the altimeter sub-scale
setting to obtain elevation when on the ground.
You obtain a clearance to descend to an altitude of 2500
feet. The clearance should also include the following
pressure setting QNH.
When an aircraft lands with QNH set in the sub-scale of
the altimeter it will read airfield elavation.
What is the Q-code is used t report altitude? QNH.
What does QTE mean? True bearing from the station.
What is Q-code for True bearing from the station? QTE.
What is the Q-code for Magnetic heading from the
station(no wind)? QDM.
What does QDM mean? Magnetic heading to the
station(no wind).
The priority of the pilot's message "REQUEST QDM" is
greater than "TURNL LEFT HEADING 090".
What is Q-code for Magnetic bearing from station? QDR.
What does QDR mean? Magnetic bearing from station.
If you are requested to report your height. To which Qcode setting would you refer? QFE.
The priority of the instruction "TAXI TO RUNWAY 05" is
same as "LINE-UP RUNWAY 07 AND WAIT".
A message concerning an aircraft being threatened y grave
and imminent danger, requiring immediate assistance is
called distress message.
A message concerning aircraft parts and material urgently
required is a flight regularity message.
Which of the following statements reflects the correct
order of priority given to mssages in the aeronautical
mobile service? Messages relating to direction finding
take precedence over flight regularity messages.
Flight safety messages are Air Traffic Control messages.
Air Traffic Control messages (clearances, instructions,
etc.)belong to the category of flight safety messages.
The order of priority of the following messages in the
aeronautical mobile service is distress message, urgency
message, direction finding message.
The order of priority of the following messages in the
aeronautical mobile service is flight safety message,
meteorological message, flight regularity message.
An aircraft is requested to fly at 2500 feet on the airfield
QFE. All references to vertical position should now be
referred to as height.
What does abbreviation "HJ" mean? Sunrise to sunset.
What does the abbreviation "HX" mean? No specific
working hours.
What does the term"BROADCAST" mean? A transmission
of information relating to air navigation that is not
addresssed to a specific station or stations.

26. An example of the content of a FLIGHT REGULARITY


message is messages concerning rhe aircraft servicing.
27. Which of messages listed below shall not be handled by
the aeronautical mobile service? Radio teletype messages.
28. The clearance "CLEARED FOR IMMEDIATE TAKEOFF
RUNWAY 03" is a flight safety message.
29. What does "AERONAUTICAL STATION" mean? A station in
aeronautical mobile service located on land or, in certain
instances, on board of a ship or on a platform at sea.
30. The term "FLIGHT LEVEL" is defined as surface of constant
atmospheric pressure related to datum of 1013 hPa.
31. The message addressed to an Area Control Centre
"REQUEST RADAR VECTORS TO CIRCUMNAVIGATE
ADVERSE WEATHER" is a flight safety message.
32. The message to an aeronautical ground station "PLEASE
CALL A TAXI-CAB FOR US. WE WILL ARRIVE AT 1045 AS
SCHEDULED" is an unauthorized message.
33. Which of the following calls is a "GENERAL CALL"? ALL
STATIONS Stephanville CONTROL.
34. What does the term"BLIND TRANMISSION" mean? A
transmission from one station to another station in
circumstances where two-way communication cannot be
established but it is believed that the called statio is able
to receive the transmission.
35. The three main categories of aeronautical communcations
service are Air-Ground, Flight Information service, ATC.
36. What does the term "AIR-GROUND COMMUNICATION"
mean? Two-way communication between aircraft and
stations or locations on the surface of the Earth.
37. What does term "FIR" mean? Flight Information Region.
38. What does the abbreviation "AFIS" mean? Aerodrome
Flight Information Service.
39. What abbreviation is used for term"CONTROL ZONE"?CTR.
40. Which abbreviation is used for Coordinated Universal
Time? UTC.
41. To which frequency bands do the frequencies 118,000 136,975 MHz of the Aeronautical Mobile Service belong?
Very High Frequency.
42. What is the minimum frequency seperation between
consecutive frequencies used in the VHF band? 8.33 kHz.
43. Which phenomena will normally influence the reception of
VHF transmission? Level of aircraft and terrain elevations.
44. What are thr propagation oalma characteristics of VHF?
Practically straight-line smilar to light waves.
45. Which is the maximum distance at which you might expect
solid VHF contact over flat terrain at FL50? About 85 NM.
The range= 1.23 x height or terrain
46. Under which of the following circumstances may you
expect a solid reception of the TOWER frequency 118,2
MHz? Aircraft at high level in the vicinity of the ground
station.
47. Attenuation zayflama of radio waves means the weakining
of the radiated waves.

48. VHF communications sometimes expeience extended


ranges as a result of super refraction krlma.
49. Which is the frequency band containing frequencies of the
Aeronautical Mobile Service? 118,000 136,975 MHZ.
50. Which is the maximum distance at which you might expect
solid VHF contact over flat terrain at FL100?About 120NM.
51. The wavelength of a radio aid is 6,97 cm. Corresponding
frequency and frequency band are 4304 MHz SHF.
52. What is maximum distance at which you can expect strong
VHF reception over flat terrain at FL140? About 140 NM.
53. For the frequency 243 MHz the corresponding wavelength
and frequency band are 1.23 m VHF.
54. Which is the frequency seperation between consecutive
frequencies in the VHF band? 25 kHz.
55. An Automatic Terminal Information Service provides
routine information to arriving and departing aircraft by
means of continuous and repetitive broadcast.
56. What is the correct way of expressing visibility? Visibility
1200 metres.
57. When an aircraft station is unable to establish
communication due to receiver failure, the following
procedure should be undertaken transmit reports at
scheduled times or positions, preceded by the phrase
TRANSMITTING BLIND DUE TO RECEIVER FAILURE.
58. How aviation routine weather reports (METAR) of specific
airports are obtained by aircraft in flight? VOLMET.
59. A message preceded by the phrase TRANSMITTING BLIND
DUE RECEIVER FAILURE shall be transmitted on the
frequency presently in use.
60. If all attempts to establish radio contact with a ground
station fail, the pilot of an aeroplane shall transmit
messages preceded by the phrase TRANSMITTING BLIND.
61. How is the visibility in an aviation routine weather
report(METAR) expressed in plain language? Up to 5000 m
in metres, above in kilometres.
62. An aircraft is squawking 7600. This indicates it is unable to
establish communication due to radio equipment failure.
63. When shall the pilot of an aircraft experiencing
communications failure keep a watch for instructions
passed by visual signals? When the aircraft is forming part
of aerodrome traffic at a controlled aerodrome.
64. What is the transponder code for radio communication
failure? 7600.
65. When the term SCATTERED is used in an aviation routine
weather report (METAR), the amount of clouds covering
the sky is half or less than half (3 or 4 oktas).
66. When transmitting a message preceded by the phrase
TRANSMITTING BLIND DUE TO RECEIVER FAILURE during
an en-route flight, the aircraft station shall also advise the
time of next intended transmission.
67. When the term BROKEN is used in an aviation routine
weather report (METAR), the amount of clouds covering
the sky is 5 or 7 oktas.

68. Under which of the following circumstances shall an


aircraft station squawk7600? In case of radio
communication failure.
69. An aircraft station fails to establish radio contact with an
aeronautical station on the designated frequency. What
action is required by the pilot? Attempt to establish
contact with the station on an alternative frequency.
70. Theexpression TRANSMITTING BLIND DUE TO RECEIVER
FAILURE implies that no answer is expected. It shall be
used by an aircraft station being aware of receiver failure.
71. Which information can aircraft in flight obtain by VOLMET
service? Aviation routine weather reports (METAR) of
specific airports.
72. What action is required by the pilot of an aircraft station if
he/she is unable to establish radio contct with an
aeronautical station? Try torestablish communication
with other aircraft or aeronautical stations.
73. When term CAVOK is used in aviation routine weather
report (METAR), the values of visibility and clouds are
visibility 10 km or more, no clouds below 5000 feet/GND.
74. When the term OVERCAST is used in an aviation routine
weather report (METAR), the amount of clouds covering
the sky is 100%.
75. What is normally used for ATIS broadcasts? Dicrete VHF
frequency or /and VOR.
76. What is VOLMET? Meteorological information for
aircraft in flight.
77. An aircraft in state of emergency shall squawk 7700.
78. What action should be taken by the aircraft station first
receiving a distress message? Immediately acknowledge
the distress message.
79. A distress or Urgency call shall be preceded by the pre-fix
MAYDAY or PAN PAN transmitted three times.
80. A signal sent by radiotelephony consisting of spoken words
MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY means imminent danger
threatens the aircraft and immediate assistance required.
81. On hearing an urgency message a pilot shall monitor the
frequency to ensure assisstance if required.
82. The distress message shall contain as many as possible of
these element/details aircraft call sign, nature of distress,
pilots intention, present position, level and heading.
83. An aircraft squawking 7700 indicates to the ground station
that the aircraft is in distress.
84. Which of the following frequencies is an international
emergency frequency? 121,500 MHz.
85. Immediately following the MAYDAY prefix, an aircraft in
distress should transmit the call sign of station
addressed, when it is known and circumstances permit.
86. The distress communication and silence conditions shall be
terminated by transmitting a message. Which words shall
this message include? DISTRESS TRAFFIC ENDED.
87. The frequency used for the first transmission of a MAYDAY
call shall be the frequency currently in use.

88. Under which of the following circumstances shall an


aircraft squawk 7700? In distress.
89. When an aircraft is no longer in distress, it shall transmit a
message cancelling the distress condition. Which words
shall this message include? CANCEL DISTRESS.
90. The frequency 121,500 MHz is designated as an
international emergency frequency.
91. The phrase that is used to identify an urgency call is PAN
PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN.
92. An aircraft transmitting a distress message is required to
give its position as present or last known position,
altitude or level and heading.
93. An urgency message shall be preceded by the radiotelephony urgency signal PAN PAN, spoken three times.
94. What message shall a station in control of distress use to
impose silence? STOP TRANSMITTING, MAYDAY.
95. An aircraft in distress shall send the following signal by
radiotelephony MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY.
96. A PAN message is defined as follows a condition
concerning the safety of an aircraft or other vehicle, or of
some person on board or within sight, but does not
require immediate assistance.
97. Radio silence can be imposed by an aeronautical station in
case of distress traffic.
98. An urgency call shall consist of following element/details
PAN PAN PAN (on the frequency in use), name of station
addressed, aircraft identification, the nature of urgency
condition, the intention of the person in command.
99. A signal sent by radiotelephony consisting of the spoken
words PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN means the aircraft
has a very urgent message to transmit concerning the
safety of a ship, aircraft or other vehicle, but immediate
assistance is not required.
100. Urgency is defined as a condition concerning the safety
of an aircraft othervehicles or of a person on board, but
which does not require immediate assistance.
101. An urgency call should include the following information
callsign of station addressed, aircraft callsign, nature of
emergency condition, intention of the person in
command, position, level and heading.
102. Which frequency shall we use for first transmission of an
urgency call? The air-ground frequency in use at the time.
103. DISTRESS is defined as a condition of being threaten by
serious and/or imminent danger and requiring
MMEDATE assistance.
104. The condition that defines the state of an aircraft in
imminent danger is referred to as distress.
105. What does the phrase "ROGER" mean? I have received all
of your last transmission.
106. What is radiotelephony call sign suffix for aeronautical
station indicating aerodrome control service? TOWER.
107. RADAR informs aircraft X-BC: "X-BC IDENTIFIED". What
does this mean? Radar identification has been achieved.

108. Before transmitting pilot should listen out on frequency


to ensure no interference with another station already
transmitting will another station already transmitting will
occur.
109. What is the correct way of transmitting the number
13500 to indicate an altitude or cloud height ? One three
thousand five hundred.
110. A "FINAL" call is made when the aircraft turns on to final
approach within ___ from the landing threshold 4 NM
between 4 NM and 8 NM.
111. You are making a long straight in approach to land, at
what range would you make the call "LONG FINAL"?
Between 8 and 4 NM.
112. What does the phrase "READ BACK" mean? Repeat all, or
the specified part, of this message back to me exactly as
received.
113. The information in a message from ATC that has to be
read back by the pilot includes QNH, runway in use.
114. Cherokee XY-ABC receives the following instruction: "X-BC
CLIMB STRAIGHT AHEAD UNTIL 2500 FEET BEFORE
TURNING RIGHT, WIND 270 DEGREES 6 KNOTS, CLEARED
FOR TAKEOFF". What is the correct read back? Straight
ahead, at 2500 feet right turn, cleared for take-off, X-BC.
115. What is the radiotelephony call sign suffix for the
aeronautical station that you would be communicating
with when receiving a radar service on departure?
DEPARTURE.
116. When transmitting time, which time system shall be
used? Co-ordinated universal time (UTC).
117. In order to avoid a CB the pilot wants to turn right to a
magnetic heading of 100 degrees. The correct way to ask
the ATC unit for permission is request right turn, heading
one-zero-zero.
118. Which of these statements best describes the meaning of
the phrase "STANDBY"? Wait and I will call you.
119. A request "WORDS TWICE" means communication is
difficult, please send every word or group of words twice.
120. What is the correct way of spelling out HB-FRO in a radio
message? Hotel Bravo Foxtrot Romeo Oscar.
121. What is the correct way of transmitting 1001 as a QNH?
QNH one zero zero one.
122. Which word should be used to express the meaning of
expression "PERMISSION NOT GRANTED"? NEGATIVE.
123. What does the word "NEGATIVE" mean? Permission not
granted.
124. An aircraft is flying north-east at 2500 feet. TOWER
requests the pilot to report heading and level.What is the
correct response? Heading 045 at 2500 feet.
125. How shall a pilot inform a radar control unit that the
aircraft is not equipped with transponder? NEGATIVE
TRANSPONDER.
126. What does the instruction "VACATE LEFT" mean? Turn
left to leave the runway.

127. RADAR instructs aircraft X-BC: "X-BC SQUAWK IDENT".


What does t mean? X-BC shall operate the IDENT button.
128. What does the word "REPORT" mean? Pass me the
following information.
129. Which phrase shall be used if you want to say "PASS ME
THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION"? REPORT.
130. Which word shall be used to indicate that an error has
been made in a transmission or message? CORRECTION.
131. What does the phrase "GO AHEAD" mean? Proceed with
your message.
132. What is the phrase "BREAK BREAK" used for?To indicate
the separation between parts of a message or messages.
133. The time is 9:20 AM. What is the correct way of
transmitting this time if there is no possibility of confusion
about the hour? Two zero.
134. The radar controller is transmitting: "CONFIRM SQUAWK".
What does this mean? The controller wants to know
which code is set on the transponder.
135. What does "SQUAWK IDENT" mean?Operate the SSR
transponder "special position identification" feature.
136. How shall pilot ask 4 QFE ? Request Quebec Foxtrot Echo.
137. From your cruising altitude at FL 240 you want to descend
to flight level 100. Your transmission to the radar conroller
will be request descent to flight level one-zero-zero.
138. What is the correct way of transmitting the number 3500
when indicating an altitude or a height? Three thousand
five hundred.
139. RADAR instructs aircraft X-BC: "X-BC SQUAWK STANDBY".
What does this mean? X-BC is requested to switch the
transponder to standby position.
140. RADAR instructs aircraft X-BC: "X-BC RESET SQUAWK
1015". What does this mean? X-BC is requested to
reselect SSR code 1015.
141. In the event that a pilot is required to make a "BLIND"
transmission, this should be made twice on the
designated frequency.
142. What does the word "CORRECTION" mean? An error has
been made in the transmission n the correct version is...
143. Which of the following sequences shows the correct
elements of a position report in the correct order? 1call
sign, 2reported position, 3time of reported position, 4level
or altitude, 5next position, 6ETA of the next position.
144. Which of these phrases is used to inform the control
tower that a pilot is performing a missed approach?
GOING AROUND.
145. What are the consequences of an aircraft with a transmit
button stuck on? No one else can use the frequency.
146. Which word/phrase shall be used to indicate a separation
between portions of a message? BREAK BREAK BREAK.
147. What is radiotelephony call sign for aeronautical station
providing flight information service? INFORMATION.
148. What is the correct way of spelling out HB-JYC in a radio
message? Hotel Bravo Juliett Yankee Charlie.

149. A test call shall not be longer than 10 seconds.


150. What is meant by good microphone technique?Use a
normal conversation tone, speak clearly and distinctly.
151. What is the correct way of spelling out HB-FRO in a radio
message? Hotel Bravo Foxtrot Romeo Oscar.
152. In order to request a readability check in flight you should
use the phrase HOW DO YOU READ.
153. An altitude of 2600 feet is transmitted as two thousand
six hundred feet.
154. Which phrase shall be used if you want to say "YES"?
AFFIRM AFFIRMATIVE.
155. Which of the following abbreviated call signs of aircraft
XY-ABC is correct? X-BC.
156. What does the word "WILCO" mean?I understand your
message and will comply with it.
157. You have been calling a station without getting an
answer. How long time it is recommended to wait at least
before making a second call? 10 sec.
158. With the SSR transponder selected ON and "ALT" (Mode
C) selected, an ATC requests: "FASTAIR 345, VERIFY YOUR
LEVEL". This is to verify the accuracy of the Mode C level
information displayed to the controller.
159. Radar information relating to conflicting traffic should be
given whenever possible in the folllowing from relative
bearing in clock term; distance from; direction of flight of
conflicting traffic and level, type and relative speed (slow
or fast). Relative movement should be described as
crossing, parallel or opposite direction.
160. How shall a pilot inform a radar control unit that the
aircraft is not equipped with transponder?NEGATIVE
TRANSPONDER.
161. When may the name of the location or the call sign suffix
in the call sign of an aeronautical station may be omitted?
When satisfactory communication has been established
and provided it will not be confusing to do so. Only after
the aeronautical station has used the abbreviated call sign.
162. Which word or phrase shall be used if you want to say
"WAIT AND I WILL CALL YOU"? STANDBY.
163. The pilot of an aircraft may abbreviate the aircraft radio
call sign only if it has first been abbreviated by the ground
station and there is no likelihood of confusion.
164. Which phrase shall be used to confirm that a message has
been repeated correctly? CORRECT.
165. A pilot is required to read back the following ATC
messages altimeter settings, airways clearances, SSR
operating instructions, level instructions and any
message when requested by ATC.
166. Aircraft X-BC has been instructed to listen on ATIS
frequency 123.25, on which information are being
broadcast. What is the correct response to indicate that it
will follow this instruction? MONITORING 123.25 X-BC.
167. Regardless of your position, time figures are transmitted
with reference to UTC.

168. Which phraseology is to be used to ask control tower for


permission to taxi on a runway in the direction opposite to
that in use? REQUEST BACKTRACK ON RUNWAY.
169. A time of "11:20" hours is transmitted as one one two
zero or two zero.
170. Select the air traffic service in charge of control of local
traffic, take-offs and landings at an airport TOWER.
171. An aircraft is flying north-east at 2500 feet. TOWER
requests the pilot to report heading and level. What is the
correct response? Heading 045 at 2500 feet.
172. What does the instruction "GO AROUND" mean?Carry out
a missed approach.
173. Which phrase is used if you want to say "I UNDERSTAND
YOUR MESSAGE AND WILL COMPLY WITH IT"? WILCO.
174. How shall a pilot inform the control tower that he is
prepared for take-off? READY FOR DEPARTURE or READY.
175. An aircraft is instructed to hold short of the runway-inuse. What is the correct phraseology to indicate it will
follow this instruction? HOLDING SHORT. WILCO.
176. When is an aircraft station allowed to use its abbreviated
call sign? After it has been addressed in this manner by
the aeronautical ground station.
177. During the transmission of numbers containing a decimal
point the term DECIMAL must always be transmitted.
178. The phrase "TAKE OFF" shall only be used when an
aircraft is cleared for take-off or, when cancelling a takeoff clearance.
179. ATC clears an aircraft to descend from FL100 to FL80.
What is the correct read back by the pilot? LEAVING FL100
DESCENDING TO FL80. DESCENDING TO FL80
180. The time "1400 UTC" is transmitted as one four zero zero.
181. The phrase used by the ATC to instruct you to listen out
on a frequency is MONITOR. CONTACT
182. When ATC asks the pilot "ARE YOU ABLE TO MAINTAIN
FL80?" the correct reply is AFFIRM or NEGATIVE.
183. Which phrase shall be used if the repetition of an entire
message is required? SAY AGAIN.
184. What does the phrase "SQUAWK 1234" mean? Select
code 1234 on the SSR transponder.
185. How should a pilot terminate the read-back of an ATC
clearance? With his own aircraft call sign.
186. My message will be more effective and understandable if
I maintain the speaking volume at a constant level.
187. Which of the following abbreviated call signs of Cherokee
XY-ABC is correct? Cherokee BC Cherokee X-BC.
188. Which phrase shall be used if you want to say "I WOULD
LIKE TO KNOW" or "I WISH TO OBTAIN"? REQUEST.
189. In VHF communications the following words or phrases
are not normally used OUT and OVER.
190. What does the word "MONITOR" mean? Listen out on
frequency
191. What does the instruction "ORBIT RIGHT" mean? Make
360 turns to the right.

192. What is the correct way to transmit and read back


frequency 120,375 MHz (VHF channel separated by 25
kHz)? One two zero decimal three seven five.
193. What is the radiotelephony call sign for the aeronautical
station providing surface movement control of an aircraft
on the manoeuvring area? GROUND.
194. Shall an ATC route clearance always be read back? Yes,
unless authorized otherwise by ATS authority concerned.
195. Which phrase is used to say "AN ERROR HAS BEEN MADE
IN THIS TRANSMISSION (or message indicated). CORRECT
VERSION IS"?QNH 1017, CORRECTION, QNH 1016.
196. The time is 4:15 PM. What is the correct way of
transmitting this time if there is any possibility OF
CONFUSION bout the hour? One six one five.
197. If a pilot receives an instruction from ATC which cannot
be carried out, reply should use UNABLE TO COMPLY.
198. When aircraft registration marking is used as a call-sign,
your first contact with a station shall be in the following
form all characters of the aircraft registration marking.
199. Which elements of instructions or information shall
always be read back? Runway-in-use, altimeter settings,
SSR codes, level instructions, heading and speed
instructions.
200. What is radiotelephony call sign suffix for aeronautical
station providing clearance delivery?. DELIVERY.
201. On the readability scale what does "READABILITY 1"
mean? Unreadable.
202. On the readability scale what does "READABILITY 2"
mean? Readable now and then.
203. On the readability scale what does "READABILITY 3"
mean? Readable but with difficulty.
204. On the readability scale what does "READABILITY 4"
mean? Readable.
205. On the readability scale what does "READABILITY 5"
mean? Perfectly readable.
206. How should aircraft XY-ABC call Stephenville TOWER on
initial call? Stephenville TOWER XY-ABC.
207. When an aircraft station receives the call ALL STATIONS,
STEPHENVILLE RADAR, STOP TRANSMITTING, MAYDAY it
is requested not 2 interfere with distress communication.
208. Aircraft XY-ABC is making a test transmission with
Stephenville TOWER on frequency 118,7. What is the
correct phrasing for this transmission? Stephenville
TOWER XY-ABC radio check 118,7.
209. How should aircraft XY-ABC call Stephenville TOWER on
initial call? Stephenville TOWER XY-ABC.
210. When an aircraft station receives the call ALL STATIONS,
STEPHENVILLE RADAR, DISTRESS TRAFFIC ENDED it is
requested to resume normal communication with
Stephenville RADAR.
211. Aircraft X-BC has been instructed to contact Stephenville
TOWER on frequency 118,7. What is the correct response
to indicate that it will follow this instructon? 118,7 X-BC.

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