Art.

II
Section 9. The State shall promote a just and dynamic social order that will
ensure the prosperity and independence of the nation and free the people from
poverty through policies that provide adequate social services, promote full
employment, a rising standard of living, and an improved quality of life for all.
Section 10. The State shall promote social justice in all phases of national
development.
Section 11. The State values the dignity of every human person and guarantees
full respect for human rights.
Section 13. The State recognizes the vital role of the youth in nation-building
and shall promote and protect their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and
social well-being. It shall inculcate in the youth patriotism and nationalism, and
encourage their involvement in public and civic affairs.
Section 14. The State recognizes the role of women in nation-building, and shall
ensure the fundamental equality before the law of women and men.
Section 18. The State affirms labor as a primary social economic force. It shall
protect the rights of workers and promote their welfare.
Section 20. The State recognizes the indispensable role of the private sector,
encourages private enterprise, and provides incentives to needed investments.
Art. III
Section 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due
process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws.
Section 4. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of
expression, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and
petition the government for redress of grievances.
Section 7. The right of the people to information on matters of public concern
shall be recognized. Access to official records, and to documents and papers
pertaining to official acts, transactions, or decisions, as well as to government
research data used as basis for policy development, shall be afforded the citizen,
subject to such limitations as may be provided by law.
Section 8. The right of the people, including those employed in the public and
private sectors, to form unions, associations, or societies for purposes not
contrary to law shall not be abridged.
Section 10. No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be passed.
Section 16. All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition of their
cases before all judicial, quasi-judicial, or administrative bodies.
Section 18.

1. No person shall be detained solely by reason of his political beliefs and

aspirations.
2. No involuntary servitude in any form shall exist except as a punishment
for a crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted.
CIVIL CODE
Article 19. Every person must, in the exercise of his rights and in the
performance of his duties, act with justice, give everyone his due, and observe
honesty and good faith.
Article 1700. The relations between capital and labor are not merely
contractual. They are so impressed with public interest that labor contracts must
yield to the common good. Therefore, such contracts are subject to the special
laws on labor unions, collective bargaining, strikes and lockouts, closed shop,
wages, working conditions, hours of labor and similar subjects.
Article 1702. In case of doubt, all labor legislation and all labor contracts shall
be construed in favor of the safety and decent living for the laborer.
Presidential Decree No. 442, AS AMENDED

May 1, 1974

A DECREE INSTITUTING A LABOR CODE THEREBY REVISING AND

CONSOLIDATING LABOR AND SOCIAL LAWS TO AFFORD PROTECTION TO
LABOR,
PROMOTE
EMPLOYMENT
AND
HUMAN
RESOURCES
DEVELOPMENT AND INSURE INDUSTRIAL PEACE BASED ON SOCIAL
JUSTICE
PRELIMINARY TITLE
Chapter
GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Name of Decree. This Decree shall be known as the "Labor Code of
the Philippines".
Article 2. Date of effectivity. This Code shall take effect six (6) months after its
promulgation.
Article 3. Declaration of basic policy. The State shall afford protection to labor,
promote full employment, ensure equal work opportunities regardless of sex,
race or creed and regulate the relations between workers and employers. The
State shall assure the rights of workers to self-organization, collective bargaining,
security of tenure, and just and humane conditions of work.
Article 4. Construction in favor of labor. All doubts in the implementation and
interpretation of the provisions of this Code, including its implementing rules and
regulations, shall be resolved in favor of labor.

Article 5. Rules and regulations. The Department of Labor and other

government agencies charged with the administration and enforcement of this
Code or any of its parts shall promulgate the necessary implementing rules and
regulations. Such rules and regulations shall become effective fifteen (15) days
after announcement of their adoption in newspapers of general circulation.
Article 6. Applicability. All rights and benefits granted to workers under this
Code shall, except as may otherwise be provided herein, apply alike to all
workers, whether agricultural or non-agricultural. (As amended by Presidential
Decree No. 570-A, November 1, 1974)