Whats

What s Next in Fiber Optic Data

Communications?
John Kamino, RCDD OFS
jkamino@ofsoptics.com

Agenda

Market Drivers
Application Standards
Cost Comparisons
Future of Fiber
Conclusions

Agenda

Market Drivers
Application Standards
Cost Comparisons
Future of Fiber
Conclusions

Average Monthly Network Usage

Sandvine Internet Global Phenomena Reports

https://www.sandvine.com/trends/global-internet-phenomena/

Internet Applications
Facebook
September 2014 1.35
1 35 billion monthly users
users, 864 million
4
daily users
September 2014 1.12 billion monthly mobile users, 703
million daily average mobile users4

Netflix
September 2014 53 million members1
1
4

http://ir.netflix.com/index.cfm
http://newsroom.fb.com/Key-Facts

What is happening today

Cloud Computing
Migration to hosted services

What is happening today

Data Center Traffic
More traffic inside the data
center than in/out
Driven by more efficient
server utilization virtual
servers
Traffic has moved from NorthSouth to East-West

Agenda

Market Drivers
Application Standards
Cost Comparisons
Future of Fiber
Conclusions

Evolution of Short Reach Applications

Ethernet Link Distance/Application Map

40G & 100G Ethernet (IEEE 802.3ba)

Reach & Media:
40 Gb/s
10km on SMF (1310nm) [WDM]
100m on OM3 MMF (850nm) [Parallel Fiber]
150m on OM4 MMF (850 nm) [Parallel Fiber]

7m over copper

1m over backplane

40GBASE-LR4
40GBASE-SR4
40GBASE-SR4
40GBASE-CR4
40GBASE-KR4

100 Gb/s

40km on SMF (1310nm) [WDM]

10km on SMF (1310nm) [WDM]
100m on OM3 MMF (850nm) [Parallel Fiber]
150 on OM4 MMF (850
150m
(850nm)) [P
[Parallel
ll l Fib
Fiber]]
7m over copper

100GBASE-ER4
100GBASE-LR4
100GBASE-SR10
100GBASE SR10
100GBASE-SR10
100GBASE-CR10
11

40G & 100G Ethernet (IEEE 802.3bm)

Additional Reach & Media:
40 Gb/s
30km on SMF (1310nm) [WDM]
40km on SMF (1310nm) [WDM - engineered link]

40GBASE-ER4
40GBASE-ER4

100 Gb/s
70m on OM3 MMF (850nm) [Parallel Fiber]
100m on OM4 MMF (850nm) [Parallel Fiber]

Status:

100GBASE-SR4
100GBASE-SR4
100GBASE
SR4

Publication expected in 1H2015

12

400 G Ethernet (IEEE802.3bs)

Reach and Media

At least 100 m over MMF

At least 500 m over SMF
At least 2 km over SMF
At least 10 km over SMF

400GBASE-SR16
?
?
?

400 G Ethernet (IEEE802.3bs)

Possible Single-mode Alternatives
At least 500 m over SMF

4 fibers x 2 x 50G NRZ

4 fibers x 2 x 50G PAM4
4 fibers x 1 x 100G NRZ
4 fibers x 1 x 100G DMT

400 G Ethernet (IEEE802.3bs)

Possible Single-mode Alternatives
At least 2 km over SMF

8 x 50G NRZ
8 x 50G PAM4
4 x 100G PAM4
4 x 100G DMT

At least 10 km over SMF

8 x 50G NRZ
8 x 50G PAM4
4 x 100G DMT

IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Timeline

Fibre Channel

Fibre Channel
International Committee on Information
Technology Standards (INCITS) T11 is responsible
for Fibre Channel
T11.2 is the Task Group within Technical Committee
T11 responsible for all FC projects and parts of
projects dealing with Fibre Channel Physical Variants

18

Fibre Channel Link Distance

Link
Speed

Media Type
OM4

4G FC

OM3/OM4

8G FC
800-M5-SA-I

8G FC

OM4

800-M5-SN-I

OM4

16G FC

OM4

32G FC
Link
Distance

OS1/OS2

70
70m

100
100m

125
125m

150
150m

190
190m

300
300m

380
380m

400
400m
>400
>400m

Fibre Channel 32 GFC Development

FC-PI-6 Ad Hoc Group
Work Complete
Publication 1Q 2015?
Data Rate: 3200MB/s
/
Duplex transmission (1
transmit fiber, 1 receive fiber)

Backward compatible to 8 GFC

and 16 GFC

Reach
Multimode (850nm): 3200
3200-M5(x)-SN-I
M5(x) SN I
0.5-20m reach on OM2
0.5-70m reach on OM3 (E)
0.5-100m reach on OM4 (F)

Single-mode (1300nm): 3200-SM-LC-L

0.5-10
0 5-10 km reach

Copper: 3200-DF-EL-S, 3200-DF-EA-S

20

Fibre Channel 128 GFC Development

128GFC FC-PI-6P
1st round
d off T11
T11.2
2 voting
ti
closed January 2015
Next: T11 and ICITS letter
ballots and comment
resolution

No breakout to 32 and
16GFC, so no backward
compatibility

Current reach objectives

Multimode
l
d ((850nm):
) 128GFC-SW4
60m on OM3 with 1.5dB connector loss
(70m with 1.0dB)
85m on OM4 with 1.5dB connector loss
(100m with 1.0dB)

Single-mode (1300nm):
0.5 to 500m reach 128GFC-PSM4
0.5 to 2000m reach 128GFC-CWDM4

21

Fibre Channel 64/256 GFC Development

64 / 256GFC (FC-PI-7) Single and MultiLane Standard
MRD* issued by FCIA December 2014
Presentations and discussion to begin
in 2015
Backward compatibility to 32GFC and
16GFC

Current reach objectives

Multimode
64GFC 100 m (OM4)
256GFC 100 m (OM4)

Single-mode
64GFC 10 km
256GFC 2 km

(*) Marketing Requirements Document

22

Agenda

Market Drivers
Application Standards
Cost Comparisons
Future of Fiber
Conclusions

23

Cost implications (100 G)

Distance

OM3
Multimode

OM4
Multimode

OS1
Single-mode

100m

150m

10 km

5w

5w

12 w

Transceiver
Price
C bl price
Cable
i
Power use
per port
p
p

24

Comparison between Single-mode

and Multimode Fiber Systems
Traditionally, optoelectronics have driven the cost difference between
single-mode and multimode
Single-mode CWDM system
Pro: Lower cabling cost
Pro: Longer reach
Con: Significantly higher transceiver cost
Con: Higher
h power consumption
Con: Larger size
OM3 and OM4 multimode parallel systems
Pro: Much lower transceiver cost using existing 10Gb/s and new 25Gb/s VCSELs
Pro: Lower power consumption
Pro: Smaller footprint
Con: Higher cabling cost
Con:
o SShorter
o te reach
eac for
o hyperscale
ype sca e data ce
centers
te s

25

Single-mode vs. Multimode

40 & 100Gb/s Cost Comparison

Transceiver Data: Mouser, Sept. 2014

C bl D
Cable
Data:
t PEPPM database
d t b
June
J
2012

Single-mode vs. Multimode Module Size

Significantly larger footprint for
single-mode CFP module
Much lower faceplate density
4 single-mode modules in
1U footprint vs. 16-32
multimode modules!

27

Agenda

Market Drivers
Application Standards
Cost Comparisons
Future of Fiber
Conclusions

28

Why higher speeds?

High speed connections simplify
the network

More interconnects and

switches required
Pictures presented by Adam Bechtel Yahoo! Chief Architect IEEE 802.3 Plenary March 2007

29

Possible Next Generation Solutions

Multimode Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing
(CWDM)
Multilevel Signaling
Spatial Division Multiplexing (Multicore fibers)

CWDM
Cannot continue to increase fibers as bandwidth increases
End user reluctant to run 2x16 32 fiber cables for a 400Gb/s
/

Multiple wavelengths used to reduce number of fibers

Utilizes same simplex and multi-fiber
multi fiber connector technology
Can provide duplex fiber 100Gb/s links
Enables 400Gb/s transmission using 8-fiber technology,
technology
currently adopted in 40Gb/s links

31

Current CWDM application (non-standard Cisco BiDi)

40-Gbps QSFP BiDi Transceiver: Single Duplex LC cable

Proprietary solution not standards based

Operates at two different wavelengths - 850nm and 900nm

40 Gb/s over a duplex multimode cable

Familiar duplex LC interface

In volume shipment today

Would benefit from higher modal bandwidth @ 900nm
32

Current Multimode CWDM Objectives

Support 100Gb/s transmission on a
single fiber over 4 wavelengths
Duplex 100Gb/s links
8-fiber 400GB/s links

Provide OM4 reach ((100m,, 28Gb/s

/
transmission) over 850-950nm
window
Reduce fiber count by 4x

Continue to support legacy 850nm

OM4 applications

33

Fiber Count Comparison

Growth path from duplex 100Gb/s to 400Gb/s over eight fibers

is an attractive proposition for end users
Provides a migration path to next generation 400G speeds without using 32fiber solution
8-fiber solutions commonly used today for 40Gb/s
34

Initial Requirements for a CWDM Multimode Fiber

Must retain 850nm application support.

Must support at least 4 wavelengths.

Wavelengths > 850nm benefit from

increasing chromatic bandwidth.

Low-cost WDM needs ~ 30nm spacing.

Resulting target wavelength region:

850nm to at least 950nm.

Modal BW improvement is needed

to raise total bandwidth that at 840nm
over spectrum of interest.

35

Status
Standards
Joint task group in TIA TR-42.11 and TR-42.12 to develop specification for
Wide Band Multimode Fiber
Wide-Band
Participation from diverse groups, including those not normally associated
with TIA-42, including
IEC SC 86
INCITS T11 Fibre Channel
IEEE 802.3 Ethernet

Input from active components and OEM equipment suppliers important in

developing specifications
Goal for joint participation is that the TIA specification be mirrored by IEC
86A
36

Broad Industry Support

Support across entire system is necessary to drive this forward

Fiber
Structured Cabling
Transceiver Suppliers
Systems Suppliers

37

Other options
Multilevel signaling
Multicore

38

Multilevel signaling
One Possible Solution
PAM-4
Increases the bit rate 2x

Currently under discussion in IEEE and FC for next generation solutions

Could leverage CWDM efforts to further expand fiber capacity
Discussion of possible 50Gb/s/lane rates

Advanced modulation formats require higher receiver sensitivity than OOK

Have to accommodate multiple eyes within same vertical interval

Receiver sensitivity requirements can be reduced via Equalization and/or

/ FEC
C

Spatial Division Multiplexing

Multi-core
Multi
core Transmission
Cladding

Fiber Core

Agenda

Market Drivers
Application Standards
Cost Comparisons
Future of Fiber
Conclusions

41

Conclusions
The need for higher bandwidth networks continues on
400Gb/s
400Gb/ speeds
d are coming!
i !
Next Generation CWDM multimode fiber is on the horizon
More complex encoding schemes can be used to increase fiber
capacity
There is a shift to parallel transmission over multimode fiber with
MPO connections as network speeds exceed 10 Gb/s

42