KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

Wildlife Health in the

st
21 Century
Ted Leighton
Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative
Western College of Veterinary Medicine
University of Saskatchewan
Canada
6 August 2015

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

Wildlife Health in the

st
21 Century

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

New World Pathogen Strategy Disclosed*

(Transmitted by Thomas Eisner & Paul R. Ehrlich)

June 2001
We have recently received, from a highly placed scientific source, a
remarkable document.
It appears to be the keynote address from a convention of the World
Pathogen Association (WPA) entitled:
Our Infective Future: The New Agenda

In it, President Prion, announces a profound change in policy that

should be of grave concern to humanity, because it portends a shift in
the goals of our major predators.
We are grateful to Science for communicating the text in its entirety.
* Science 29 June 2001, Vol. 292 no. 5526 p. 2397

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

New World Pathogen Strategy Disclosed

Key Points
that most of our natural hosts are
disappearing.
a single species, Homo sapiens, has come
to reign supreme on Earth
we must prepare ourselves to change our
tastes, shift hosts, and take advantage of the
single most appealing and available addition
to our menu
2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

There are many factors that give us hope.

In extraordinary numbers, they are now

undernourished and immunodeficient.
They are on the move, spreading us and
providing us many new opportunities
They expend their medical resources on the few,
failing to exclude us
They misuse antibiotics, blind to our
evolutionary capacity
They are recklessly changing the climate,
releasing many of us from our historical
geographical constraints
2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

In conclusion

All in all, my fellow pathogens, Homo is the

opportunity that ultimately can benefit us all.
Aside from their prevalence in numbers, they
show all the weaknesses that maximize our
effective potential There is a free lunch, and
it is them.

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

The Human Population of Planet Earth

~100,000 BCE to 2015 CE

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

The Human Population of Planet Earth

~100,000 BCE to 2015 CE

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

The Human Population of Planet Earth

~100,000 BCE to 2015 CE

You Are Here

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

What Causes Disease ?

Environments

Hosts

Pathogens

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

Nipah Virus Malaysia 1998

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

Nipah Virus 1998

The CAUSE of the Epidemic

New Large-scale
Pig Farms

Fruit Trees planted on Pig Farms

Environmental Changes
PC Bali

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

www.ccwhc.ca - www.healthywildlife.ca

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

15

What Causes Disease ?

Environments

Hosts

Pathogens

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

The Human Population of Planet Earth

~100,000 BCE to 2015 CE

You Are Here

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

The Human Population of Planet Earth

~100,000 BCE to 2015 CE

You Are Here

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

www.ccwhc.ca - www.healthywildlife.ca

19

 60% Zoonotic
43% from Wildlife

100

Number of
Emerging
80
Disease
Events:
By
60
Decade

Zoonotic: unspecified
Zoonotic: non-wildlife
Zoonotic: wildlife
Non-zoonotic

40

20
Jones et al. 2008.
Nature 451:
990-994

1940

By Decade
2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

2000

What Causes Disease ?

Environments

Hosts

Pathogens

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

What Causes Disease ?

Hosts

Pathogens

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

 60% Zoonotic
43% from Wildlife

100

Number of
Emerging
80
Disease
Events:
By
60
Decade

Zoonotic: unspecified
Zoonotic: non-wildlife
Zoonotic: wildlife
Non-zoonotic

40

20
Jones et al. 2008.
Nature 451:
990-994

1940

By Decade
2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

2000

www.ccwhc.ca - www.healthywildlife.ca

24

Photo: Ian K. Barker

www.ccwhc.ca - www.healthywildlife.ca

25

www.ccwhc.ca - www.healthywildlife.ca

26

Photo: Hamilton Greenwood

Components of a National Program for

Wildlife Health Management
National
Program of
Wildlife Health
Management
_______
Coordination
&
Communication

Prevention

Detection &
Surveillance
Response & Recovery

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

Components of a National Program for

Wildlife Health Management
National
Program of
Wildlife Health
Management
_______
Coordination
&
Communication

Prevention

Detection &
Surveillance
Response & Recovery

Knowledge Support

Science Research

Training

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

Supportive National Policies

Responsible Parties and Stakeholders
Government Ministries

Universities

Non-government

Governance and Finance

National
Program of
Wildlife Health
Management
_______
Coordination
&
Communication

Prevention

Detection &
Surveillance
Response & Recovery

Knowledge Support

Science Research

Training

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

The Human Population of Planet Earth

~100,000 BCE to 2015 CE

You Are Here

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

The Millennium Development Goals

of the United Nations

Eradicate extreme
poverty and hunger
Achieve universal
primary education
Promote gender
equality and
empower women
Reduce child
mortality

Improve maternal
health
Combat HIV/AIDS,
Malaria and other
diseases
Ensure
environmental
sustainability
Develop a global
partnership for
development

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

The Sustainable Development Goals of the UN General Assembly

May 2015

Waage et al. 2015, Lancet Global Health

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture

Wildlife Health in the

st
21 Century

2015 KVF Jubb Fellowship Public Lecture