AIM Quiz

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Quiz 7 (Integration: trig., by parts, partial fractions)

Jing Wen Ting
This quiz was due at: 21:00:00 7 Sep 2012
You can no longer change your answers.
Question 1 (1 mark)

Top 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Bottom Focus Help

Write

f(x) = cosec arccos(x / 8)

in a way which doesn't involve trigonometric or inverse trigonometric functions.

f(x) = 1/(sqrt(1-(x^2/64)))
Your last answer was:
8 ( 64x2 ) 1/2
Your answer is correct.
The mark for your last attempt was 1.00
The teacher's answer was:
8 ( 64x2 ) 1/2
This can be entered as:
8/(64-x^2)^(1/2)

Solution:
This is a question where it really helps to draw a picture. Let = arccos(x/8). Then in a right-angled triangle with an angle , the adjacent side
to and the hypotenuse have lengths x and 8, respectively. See the plot below.

Next we deduce the length of the side labelled a using Pythagoras' Theorem. Note that the codomain of arccos is [0, ], i.e. [0, ], and so
a/8 = sin is positive, which means a is positive and that we only want the positive square root:
a = 82 x2
Thus

f(x) = cosec arccos(x / 8)

= cosec
8
=
64 x2

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Question 2 (2.0 marks)

Top 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Bottom Focus Help

In this question we ask you to evaluate

8

dx

5x22 x

Note. If you require an inverse trigonometric function, recall that you must enter it using the arc name, e.g. arcsin (not sin1), arccos (not
cos1), etc.
2.1 (1 mark)
As a first step, rewrite the integral in a more suitable form.
This will necessitate completing a square, and after doing so it will be natural to make a substitution of the form:
2.1.1 (.5 marks)
What is the substitution?
Note. You can get a hint, by entering: x
... for a small penalty.
u = x+1
Your last answer was:
x+1
Your answer is correct.
The mark for your last attempt was 0.50
The teacher's answer was:
x+1
This can be entered as:
x+1

2.1.2 (.5 marks)

Now make the substitution of the previous part. What is the new integral I in terms of u that you now need to integrate?
Note. You will need to use the following syntax. To enter

g(u) du

enter: S(g(u) du )
Think of the letter S (note that it is capitalised) as a stylised integral sign.
Validate will display a correctly entered integral expression in the standard way, e.g. try validating: S(5*u*du).
S(8/(sqrt(6-u^2))*du)
I = S(8/(sqrt(6Your last answer was:

2 1/2du
8 ( 6u )
Your answer is correct.
The mark for your last attempt was 0.50
The teacher's answer was:
du

S 8
( 6u2 ) 1/2
This can be entered as:
S(8/(6-u^2)^(1/2)*du)

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2.2 (1 mark)
Now evaluate the integral I, rewriting it in terms of x.
I = 8*arcsin((x+1)/sqrt(6))+C
Your last answer was:
8 arcsin( 1/6 6 ( x+1 ) ) +C
Your answer is correct.
The mark for your last attempt was 1.00
The teacher's answer was:
8 arcsin( 1/6 6 ( x+1 ) ) +C
This can be entered as:
8*arcsin(1/6*6^(1/2)*(x+1))+C

Solution:
8

5x22 x

dx =

dx

5 (x2+2 x)
8

dx,

(completing the square)

dx,

(dividing numerator and denominator by 6)

5 ((x+1)2 1)
8

dx

6 (x+1)2
8

1 [((x+1)2)/6]
8

dx

1 ([(x+1)/(6)])2

x+1
du,

where u =

1 u2

dx
so that du =

= 8 arcsin u + C
x+1

= 8 arcsin
+C
6
Question 3 (1 mark)

Top 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Bottom Focus Help

Evaluate the integral

7

x ea x dx
0
stating your answer in terms of the non-zero constant a.
(1/a^2)*(exp(7*a))*(7*a-1)+(1/a^2)
Answer: (1/a^2)*(exp(7*a))*(7*aYour last answer was:
e7 a ( 1+7 a )
a2

+a2

Your answer is correct.

The mark for your last attempt was 1.00

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You previously made one incorrect attempt, and were penalised 0.10, giving an overall mark of 0.90.
The teacher's answer was:
1e7 a+7 e7 aa
a2
This can be entered as:
(1-exp(7*a)+7*exp(7*a)*a)/a^2

Question 4 (2 marks)

Top 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Bottom Focus Help

In this question, you are asked to evaluate the integral

I=

( 3 x3+5 x+101/2 ) sin( 2 x ) dx.

4.1 (1 mark)
Perhaps, you can see that it will need integration by parts, multiple times.
Observe, the integrand is the product of a polynomial (which has the property of becoming zero, after a finite number of differentiations) and a
function that can easily be anti-differentiated any number of times.
By this observation, we see that we can evaluate such integrals after a finite number of applications of integration by parts, and thus gives rise to a
method known as Tabular Integration.
Now, in fact, we don't want such a table because that makes an easy idea a mite more complicated than it needs to be. We instead write our answer
over several lines, organised like a table.
Let's introduce some notation.
Let I represent the required integral. Traditionally, in order to apply integration by parts, we identify factors of the integrand as u and v and proceed
as follows:
I=

u v dx

=uv

uv dx.

Essentially, v is anti-differentiated to give v at the next step, and inside the integral at that next step u is differentiated. Oh, and there is a minus sign
in front of that "next-step" integral. This notation isn't very convenient for explaining multiple applications of integration by parts.
Let's write the two original factors of the integrand as U and V, i.e. U = u and V = v.
Now we write D(U) as the derivative of U w.r.t. x.
and we write D1(V) as an anti-derivative of V w.r.t. x.
Then the integration by parts method cast in this notation looks like this:
I=

U V dx

= U D1(V)

D(U) D1(V) dx

and if we iterate the procedure, we obtain:

I=

U V dx

= U D1(V)
D(U) D2(V)
+ D2(U) D3(V)
:
:
+ C,
where essentially what happens is:
1. At the initial step, we start off integration by parts in the usual way, except that we note what factor was antidifferentiated and the "other"
factor.
2. At each subsequent step, there is a sign change, the bit that was antidifferentiated previously is anti-differentiated again, and the "other" factor
is differentiated.
3. Eventually, the "other" factor is differentiated to zero, and we remember we were evaluating an indefinite integral, so that instead of writing 0,
we write C (the integration constant).

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Now, what we want you to do is to fill in the cells below that give the skeleton of that last maths display, i.e. the cells should be filled in as:
U

D1(V)

D(U) D2(V)
2
3
I = + D (U) D (V)
:
:
:
:
:
:
+ C

except that in order for AiM to parse it properly, you will need to enter the signs + and as: +1 and 1, respectively.
Also, leave cells that you don't need blank.
Finally, note that AiM will only allow you to fill the table in one way. Don't do anything but the obvious and don't redistribute signs or
factors.
If you are unsure about what "obvious" means, just enter what you think U should be and leave the rest of the table blank. You will get a
message as to whether U is "appropriate" or "inappropriate", together with a message that your answer is invalid and disregarded without
penalty.
Since I has disappeared off the top of your screen, we repeat it, for convenience:
I=

( 3 x3+5 x+101/2 ) sin( 2 x ) dx.

Your last answer was:

[[EMPTYCELL,3 x3+5 x+101/2,1/2 cos( 2 x ) ],[1,9 x2+5,1/4 sin( 2 x ) ],[1,18 x,1/8 cos( 2 x ) ],[1,18,1/8 sin( x ) cos( x ) ],[1,C,EMPTYCELL]]
Your answer is correct.
The mark for your last attempt was 1.00
You previously made one incorrect attempt, and were penalised 0.10, giving an overall mark of 0.90.
The teacher's answer was:

EMPTYCELL 3 x3+5 x+101/2 1/2 cos( 2 x )

1
1/4 sin( 2 x )
9 x2+5

1
18
x
1/8 cos( 2 x )

18
1/16
sin( 2 x )
1

1
C
EMPTYCELL

4.2 (1 mark)
Now enter the expression you have in tabular form as one single expression.
(1/8)*((18*x^2+1)*sin(2*x)-(2*((6*x^3+x+2*(sqrt(10)))*cos(2*x))))+C
I = (1/8)*((18*x^2+1)*sin(2*x)Your last answer was:
1/8 ( 18 x2+1 ) sin( 2 x ) 1/4 ( 6 x3+x+2 101/2 ) cos( 2 x ) +C
Your answer is correct.
The mark for your last attempt was 1.00
The teacher's answer was:
3/2 x3cos( 2 x ) +9/4 x2sin( 2 x ) +1/8 sin( 2 x ) 1/4 xcos( 2 x ) 1/2 101/2cos( 2 x ) +C
This can be entered as:
-3/2*x^3*cos(2*x)+9/4*x^2*sin(2*x)+1/8*sin(2*x)-1/4*x*cos(2*x)-1/2*10^(1/2)*cos(2*x)+C

Solution:
We use integration by parts, several times, la Tabular Integration but without the table, where at each step the polynomial factor is
differentiated and the trigonometric factor is anti-differentiated. (The reason for that is that eventually a polynomial differentiates away to
nothing, whereas the trigonometric factor remains at the same level of "complexity" after each anti-differentiation.)
I=

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( 3 x3+5 x+101/2 ) sin( 2 x ) dx

cos( 2 x )

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(3 x3+5 x+101/2)
(9 x2+5)

sin( 2 x )
4

cos( 2 x )
+ 18 x
18

8
sin( 2 x )
16

+C
=

6 x3+x+2 101/2

18 x2+1
cos( 2 x ) +

sin( 2 x ) + C
8

Question 5 (1 mark)

Top 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Bottom Focus Help

Evaluate

x ln(7x) dx

Answer: (1/4)*x^2*(2*ln(7*x)-1)+C
Your last answer was:
1/4 x2 ( 2 ln( 7 x ) 1 ) +C
Your answer is correct.
The mark for your last attempt was 1.00
The teacher's answer was:
1/2 x2ln( 7 x ) 1/4 x2+C
This can be entered as:
1/2*x^2*ln(7*x)-1/4*x^2+C

Solution:
We integrate by parts
d 1 2

xln( 7 x ) dx =
x ln(7 x) dx

dx 2
1
1 2 d

= x2 . ln(7 x)
ln(7 x) dx
x .
2

2
dx
1
1 2 1
= x2 ln(7 x)
7 dx
x
2
2
7x
1
1
= x2 ln(7 x)
x dx
2
2
1
1
= x2 ln(7 x) x2 + C
2
4
Note. It may seem surprising that
d
1
ln(7 x) =

x
dx
which is the same as d/dx(ln x), but recall that
ln(7 x) = ln 7 + ln x
and that ln 7 is just a constant, which has a zero derivative.
Question 6 (2.0 marks)

Top 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Bottom Focus Help

In this question we ask you to obtain the partial fraction decomposition of the integrand and hence evaluate
2
5 x+1

dx
0 (x + 2)(x + 3)

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6.1 (.5 marks)

First write out the form of the partial fraction decomposition for the integrand function
5 x+1
( x+2 ) ( x+3 )
Use any single uppercase or lowercase letters except e, D, I or x (obviously) for the coefficients, e.g. A, B, C, E, F, G, H, ..., and do not
attempt to evaluate the coefficients.
Form of partial fraction decomposition: A/(x+2)+B/(x+3)
Your last answer was:
A
B
+
x+2 x+3
Your answer is correct.
The mark for your last attempt was 0.50
The teacher's answer was:
A

B
+

x+2

x+3

This can be entered as:

A/(x+2)+B/(x+3)

6.2 (.5 marks)

Now evaluate the coefficients of the previous part and hence write
5 x+1
( x+2 ) ( x+3 )
in terms of a sum of partial fractions.
Evaluated partial fraction decomposition: (-9/(x+2))+(14/(x+3))
Your last answer was:
14 ( x+3 ) 19 ( x+2 ) 1
Your answer is correct.
The mark for your last attempt was 0.50
The teacher's answer was:
14 ( x+3 ) 19 ( x+2 ) 1
This can be entered as:
14/(x+3)-9/(x+2)

6.3 (1 mark)
Finally, evaluate the integral. Leave your answer in exact form, in terms of natural logarithms.
(14*ln(5)-9*ln(4))9*ln(4))-(14*ln(3)(14*ln(3)-9*ln(2))
Evaluated integral: (14*ln(5)Your last answer was:
9 ln( 2 ) 14 ln( 3 ) +14 ln( 5 )
Your answer is correct.
The mark for your last attempt was 1.00
The teacher's answer was:
9 ln( 2 ) 14 ln( 3 ) +14 ln( 5 )
This can be entered as:
-9*ln(2)-14*ln(3)+14*ln(5)

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Solution:
We start by decomposing the integrand in terms of partial fractions.
2
2
5 x+1

dx =
14 ( x+3 ) 19 ( x+2 ) 1 dx
0 ( x+2 ) ( x+3 )
0
= [ 9 ln( x+2 ) +14 ln( x+3 ) ]02
= 9 ln( 2 ) 14 ln( 3 ) +14 ln( 5 )
Question 7 (2.0 marks)

Top 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Bottom Focus Help

In this question we ask you to obtain the partial fraction decomposition of the integrand and hence evaluate
2
x 20 x32
dx
2
x ( x8 )

Note. If you require an inverse trigonometric function, recall that you must enter it using the arc name, e.g. arcsin (not sin1), arccos (not
cos1), etc.
Also, if you need it, to get the absolute value of something use the abs function, e.g. |x| is entered as: abs(x).
7.1 (.5 marks)
First write out the form of the partial fraction decomposition for the integrand function
x220 x32
x2 ( x8 )
Use any single uppercase or lowercase letters except e, D, I or x (obviously) for the coefficients, e.g. A, B, C, E, F, G, H, ..., and do not
attempt to evaluate the coefficients.
A/x+B/(x^2)+C/(x-8)
Form of partial fraction decomposition: A/x+B/(x^2)+C/(xYour last answer was:
C
A B
+ +
x x2 x8
Your answer is correct.
The mark for your last attempt was 0.50
The teacher's answer was:
C

A
+
x

x2

B
+
x8

This can be entered as:

A/x+C/x^2+B/(x-8)

7.2 (1 mark)
Write
x220 x32
x2 ( x8 )
in terms of a sum of partial fractions.
4/(x^2)+3/x-2/(x2/(x-8)
Answer: 4/(x^2)+3/xYour last answer was:

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