CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DES GRANDS RESEAUX ELECTRIQUES

INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL ON LARGE ELECTRIC SYSTEMS

STUDY COMMITTEE A2 TRANSFORMERS

Presentation of CIGRE activities

on Power Transformers

C. Rajotte (CA)
Chairman SC A2 "Transformers"

The Transformer Committee (SC A2)

Scope
Design, construction, manufacture and operation for all
kinds of power transformers, including industrial , DC
converters and phase-shift transformers and for all types of
reactors and transformer components (bushing, tapchanger)
In the past ( known as SC12 ) activities were focussed on
design problems related to the rapid increase of rated
voltage and power

Specifications,
procurement &
economics

Maintenance,
diagnostics,
monitoring,
& repair

Design,
manufacturing
& testing

Operation,
reliability, safety
& environment

Life
cycle

Transformer utilisation

Chairman: Claude Rajotte (CA)

Secretary: Patrick Picher (CA)

Transformer technology

Today's SC A2 Key Domains

Present SC A2 Activities

24 regular members
19 observer members
10 WG's and 5 JWG's
Almost 350 experts from more than 40
countries
5 AGs

Present SC A2 Working Groups

WG A2-37 Transformer Reliability Survey
(S. Tenbohlen/DE)
Review all existing national surveys and study
different practices ; identify best practices
Compile and present the information available in these
national survey reports
Make recommendations to improve the situation

WG A2-38 Transformer Thermal Modelling

(J. Lapworth/UK)
Describe the state of the art techniques in transformer
thermal modelling to evaluate winding hottest spot
as well as hot spots on other metallic parts
Examples of application of hottest spot direct
measurement and best practices
Recommendation for improvement of standards
4

Present SC A2 Working Groups

WG A2.40 - Copper sulphide long-term mitigation and risk
assessment (J. Lukic/RS)
Method, tools and diagnostic
Metal passivator stability and efficiency
Efficiency of existing on-site oil treatment
JWG A2/D1.41 - Oil conductivity under
DC condition
(A. Kchler/DE)
Started under recommendation of WG
A2/B4.28
Review techniques and standards for
measurement of conductivity of liquids
Suggestions for new standards
5

Present SC A2 Working Groups

WG A2.42 - Guide on transformer
Transportation (A. Mjelve/NO)
Typical conditions/forces during transport
Specifications and design review
Requirements on transportation issues

WG A2.43 Transformer bushings

reliability (A. Mikulecky/HRvatska)
Bushing failure definition
Failure mechanisms for OIP, RBP, RIP
Bushings failure rate
Predicted life time, maintenance,
diagnostic
6

 Conversion of data to relevant information

Demonstration of benefits
Hardware/software/data integration

40

0,2

30

0,15

20

0,1

10

0,05

Tg(%)

WG A2.44 Transformer Intelligent

Condition Monitoring (C. Dupont/BR)

Rain cumulative (mm)

Present SC A2 Working Groups

-10

-0,05

-20

-0,1
-10

-5

10

15

20

Time (hours relative to 2008:05:29-0H00 local time)

WG A2.45: Transformer Failure Investigation

and post-mortem Analysis (M.C. Lessard/CA)
Important information to collect
Availability and significance of design data
Documentation during the dismounting
Paper sampling: how, where, precautions

Present SC A2 Working Groups

JWG A2/D1.46: Field experience with transformer solid
insulating ageing markers (R. Mertens/BE)
Field cases: correlation between chemical markers and DP
Design information relevant to ageing markers models
Consideration of operation and maintenance records
Influence of oil sampling conditions (ex: temperature)

JWG D1/A2.47: New frontiers of Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA)

interpretation for power transformers and their accessories
(M. Duval/CA)
Review progress in the field of DGA
Significance of CO, CO2 and CO2/CO for detecting paper involvement in faults
Case studies and suggestions for typical problems and actions initiated by DGA
interpretation
8

Present SC A2 Working Groups

WG A2.48: Technology and utilization of Oil
Insulated High Voltage Shunt Reactors (S.Ryder/UK)

Specification, design, noise

Type/routine tests and criteria
Reliability in service, failure mechanism and investigations
Operation, condition assessment, monitoring, DGA, etc.

WG A2.49: Condition Assessment of Power Transformers (P. Cole/AU)

Review existing CIGRE documents and literature
Determine key parameters and how these parameters
can be combined to determine health index
Consideration should be given to both
deterministic and probabilistic methods.
Provide details of health indexes/condition
assessment tools currently in use and
provide examples of applications
IMPACT

RISQUES

9
8
7

XX

XX

LEV

XX

6
5

FORT

4
3

XX

MOYEN

XX

XX

FAIBLE
2

PROBABILIT

Present SC A2 Working Groups

WG A2.50: Effect of the distributed energy sources and consequent
induced reverse power flow (step up) on transmission and
distribution transformers (J.C. Riboud/FR)
Effect of step up operation on transformers that
were not designed for this purpose.
Effect on flux density, temperature rise, noise
and other performances
Possible tap changer control problems
consequences for core flux and voltage regulation

JWG A2/D1.51: Improvement to Partial Discharge Measurements for

Factory and Site Acceptance Tests of Power Transformers (S. Coenen/DE)
Discussion and Comparison of given methods in
international standards
Discussion and Evaluation of alternative methods
Recommendations for improved PD Factory/Site
Acceptance Tests
10

Present SC A2 Working Groups

JWG A2/C4.52: High-frequency transformer models for nonstandard waveforms (B. Gustavsen/NO)
Provide guidelines and recommendations for the generation
of transformer models for simulation of high-frequency
transient overvoltages that can occur in actual service.
Define minimum requirements that models supplied by
manufacturers to customers must comply with for including
the transformer model in network studies.
Provide benchmark examples of models applied in simulation
of transformer-network transient interactions using white-box
and black-box models.

11

Future activities

Possible future WG - under discussions

FRA Interpretation
Phase Shifting Transformers
Effect of GIC
Transformer Typical/Minimum Audible Noise
Efficiency
Life extension

12

Recent CIGRE BROCHURES

Scope
Ref
Mechanical Cond. Assessment of Xfo Windings 342
Recom. for Condition Monitoring & Assessment 343
Moisture Equilibrium within Transfo. Insulation 349
Copper Sulphide in Transformer Insulation
378
Thermal Performances
393
HVDC Tr. Test, ageing, reliability in service
406
HVDC Tr. Guidelines for design review
407
Experience in service with new insulating liquids 436
Guide on Transformer Maintenance
445
Guide for Specifications
528
Guide for Design Review
529
Guide for Factory Capability Assessment
530
Guide for Fire Safety
537
Transient Interac. Transformers&Power System 577

Year
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2011
2013
2013
2013
2013
2014
13

Recent and Future SC A2 Sessions & Colloquium

2012 Paris Session
- Transformers in the network of the future
- Transformer Eco design / Eco use
- Transformer magnetic circuit
2013 Zurich Colloquium (with SC C4)
- Interaction between transformer and the Power System
- Experience with the use of Phase-Shifting transformers
- Network planning in the context of an ageing transformer fleet
2014 Paris Session
- Best practices for transformer asset management
- Transformers for specialized applications
- Field experience with the use of non-conventional materials and technologies
2015 Shanghai Colloquium
- EHV/UHV and EVHDC/UHVDC Transformers and its components
- Equipment technologies for substations of the future and Smart Grid - in
collaboration with SC A3 and SC B3
- Making the Best use of the Existing transformer fleet
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Thank you for your attention

www.cigre-a2.org

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