4531/2
Fizik
SULIT NO KAD PENGENALAN
Kertas 2
Ogos/September
ANGKA GILIRAN
2007
2 ½ jam
FIZIK
Kertas 2
Dua jam tiga puluh minit
Kod Pemeriksa
1. Tuliskan nombor kad pengenalan Bahagian Markah Markah
Soalan
dan angka giliran anda pada ruang Penuh Diperoleh
1 4
yang disediakan
2 5
2. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam 3 6
dwibahasa. 4 7
A
3. Soalan di bahagian atas adalah 5 8
6 8
dalam Bahasa Inggeris. Soalan di
7 10
bahagian bawah adalah dalam 8 12
Bahasa Melayu. 9 20
B
10 20
4. Calon dibenarkan menjawab
11 20
keseluruhan atau sebahagian soalan C
12 20
sama ada dalam Bahasa Inggeris Jumlah
1. This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C.
2. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answer for Section A in the spaces
provided in the question paper.
3. Answer one question from Section B and one question from Section C. Write your
answer for Section B and Section C on your own writing paper. Answer questions in
Section B and Section C in detail. You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs
and other suitable methods to explain your answer.
4. Show your working, it may help you to get marks.
5. If you wish to cancel any answer, neatly cross out the answer.
6. The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale unless stated.
8. The marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets.
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v u real depth
1. a = 20. n apparent depth
t
2. v2 = u2 + 2as
1 1 1 1
3. s = ut + at2 21.
2 f u v
4. Momentum = mv v
22. Linear magification, m =
u
5. F = ma 1
23. P= f
6. Kinetic energy = ½ mv2
24. v = f λ
7. Gravitational potential energy = mgh ax
25. λ =
D
1 26. n λ = d Sin θn
8. Elastic potential energy = Fx
2
energy 27. Q = It
9. Power, P =
time
m 28. E = VQ
10. ρ =
V
F 29. V = IR
11. Pressure, p =
A
30. E = V + Ir
12. Pressure, p= hρg
31. Power, P = IV
13. Heat, Q = mcθ
I peak
14. Heat, Q = ml 32. Irms =
2
V peak
15. P1V1 = P2V2 33. Vrms =
2
Ns Vs
V1 V2 34. =
16. Np Vp
T1 T2
I sVs
35. Efficiency = x 100%
P1 P2 I pV p
17. 1
T1 T2 36. eV = mv2
2
PV
18. = constant 37. E = mc2
T
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v u dalam nyata
1. a= 19. n dalam ketara
t
1. v2 = u2 + 2as
1 1 1 1
2. s = ut + at2 20. f u v
2
3. Momentum = mv v
21. Pembesaran linear, m =
u
4. F = ma 1
22. P= f
5. Tenaga kinetik = ½ mv2
23. v = f λ
6. Tenaga keupayaan graviti = mgh ax
24. λ =
D
1 25. n λ = d Sin θn
7. Tenaga keupayaan kenyal = Fx
2
tenaga 26. Q = It
8. Kuasa, P =
masa
m 27. E = VQ
9. ρ=
V
F 28. V = IR
10. Tekanan, P =
A
29. E = V + Ir
11. Tekanan, p= hρg
30. Kuasa, P = IV
12. Haba, Q = mcθ
I puncak
13. Haba, Q = ml 31. Ipmkd =
2
V puncak
14. P1V1 = P2V2 32. Vpmkd =
2
Ns Vs
V1 V2 33. =
15. Np Vp
T1 T2
I sVs
34. Kecekapan = x 100%
P1 P2 I pV p
16.
T1 T2
1
35. eV = mv2
PV 2
17. = pemalar
T
36. E = mc2
Sin i
18. n= Sin r 37. g = 10 ms-2
Section A
Bahagian A
DIAGRAM 1.1
RAJAH 1.1
…………………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]
……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
2 Diagram 2.1 shows a squid that is attacked by a fish. In case of emergency, a squid
will eject a stream of black fluid so that it can escape from its enemy.
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan seekor sotong yang sedang diserang oleh seekor ikan.
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Dalam keadaan kecemasan, sotong akan memancutkan cecair hitam untuk melarikan
diri dari musuhnya.
DIAGRAM 2.1
RAJAH 2.1
(a) In Diagram 2.1, draw and label the direction of the velocity of the black fluid
ejected by the squid, v1 and the recoil velocity of the squid, v2.
Pada Rajah 2.1, lukis dan labelkan arah bagi halaju cecair hitam yang dipancutkan
oleh sotong, v1 dan halaju sentakan sotong , v2 .
[2 marks]
...………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(c) State a special feature of the body of the squid that enable it to move swiftly in
water.
Nyatakan ciri khas badan sotong yang membolehkannya bergerak laju dalam air.
……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
...………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
A
C
B A
A
DIAGRAM 3.1
RAJAH 3.1
(a) State the basic logic gates that form the NAND gate.
Nyatakan get-get logik asas yang membentuk get TAKDAN.
........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) NAND get can be used to make other types of gate as shown in Diagram 3.2 and
Diagram 3.3.
Get TAKDAN boleh digunakan untuk membuat get jenis lain seperti ditunjukkan
dalam Rajah 3.2 dan Rajah 3.3.
X Q
DIAGRAM 3.2
RAJAH 3.2
X Z Q
Y
DIAGRAM 3.3
RAJAH 3.3
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[1 mark]
[2 marks]
(iii) Decide what type of gate is equivalent to get in Diagram 3.2 and Diagram 3.3.
Nyatakan jenis get yang setara dengan get dalam Rajah 3.2 dan Rajah 3.3.
Iron core
Teras besi
DIAGRAM 4.1
RAJAH 4.1
When the mains supply is switched on, the bulb is very dim.
Apabila suis bekalan utama dihidupkan,didapati mentol malap.
(a) State two ways in which the brightness of the bulb can be increased
without changing the voltage of the mains supply.
Nyatakan dua cara bagaimana kecerahan mentol boleh ditambah tanpa
menukarkan beza keupayaan bekalan utama.
........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
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[2 marks]
(ii) the current in the primary coil. Assume that the transformer is ideal.
arus dalam gegelung primer. Anggapkan transformer adalah unggul.
[2 marks]
5 Diagram 5.1 shows the soup that boil in the metal pot and in the clay pot. Both pots are
supply with same rate of heat and have same mass.
Diagram 5.2 shows the changes in temperature after 5 minutes.
Before
Sebelum
Burner
Dapur
Metal pot Clay pot
Periuk logam Periuk tanah liat
DIAGRAM 5.1
RAJAH 5.1
After 5 minutes
Selepas 5 minit
Burner
Dapur
Metal pot Clay pot
Periuk logam Periuk tanah liat
DIAGRAM 5.2
RAJAH 5.2
........................................................................................................................................
[1mark]
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(i) compare the temperature of the soup in the metal pot and the temperature of the
soup in the clay pot after 5 minutes.
bandingkan suhu sup dalam periuk logam dengan suhu sup dalam periuk tanah
liat selepas 5 minit.
..................................................................................................................
..............
................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) compare the specific heat capacity of the metal pot and the specific heat
capacity of the clay pot.
bandingkan muatan haba tentu periuk logam dengan muatan haba tentu periuk
tanah liat.
................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.......
[2 marks]
(iv) state the relationship between the increase of the temperature and the specific
heat capacity.
nyatakan hubungan antara kenaikan suhu dengan muatan haba tentu.
................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) After the soup in the pots reach the same temperature, both pots are removed
away from the burner as shown in the Diagram 5.3.
Selepas kedua-dua sup dalam periuk mencapai suhu yang sama, kedua-dua periuk
itu dialihkan dari dapur seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 5.3.
Diagram 5.4 shows the changes in temperature 5 minutes after removing them from
the burner.
Rajah 5.4 menunjukkan perubahan suhu selepas 5 minit dialihkan dari dapur.
After 5 minutes
Selepas 5 minit
(i) Based on Diagram 5.3 and Diagram 5.4, compare the temperature of the soup in
the metal pot and the temperature of the soup in the clay pot 5 minutes
after removing them from the burner.
Berdasarkan Rajah 5.3 dan Rajah 5.4, bandingkan suhu sup dalam periuk
logam dengan suhu sup dalam periuk tanah liat selepas 5 minit diangkat
menjauhi api.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.......
[1 mark]
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6 A farmer has two vehicles with the same mass and the same number of wheels.
Seorang peladang mempunyai dua kenderaan yang sama jisim dan bilangan roda.
Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2 show what the wheels on these two vehicles look like.
Rajah 6.1 dan Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan roda kedua-dua kenderaan itu.
(i) compare the contact area between the wheels in the Diagram 6.1 and Diagram
6.2.
bandingkan luas permukaan sentuhan antara dua roda pada Rajah 6.1 dan
Rajah 6.2.
................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) Which vehicle should the farmer use when driving across his fields when the ground
is very soft? Give your reasons.
Kenderaan manakah yang sesuai digunakan oleh peladang ditanah yang lembut?
Berikan sebab.
........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(d) A manufacturer of car wheels estimates that the area of a car wheel in contact with
the road is about the same as the area of a person’s shoe in contact with the
ground. A car weighs 10 000 N and a driver weighs 500 N.
Pembuat tayar kereta menganggarkan bahawa luas roda yang bersentuhan dengan
jalan adalah sama dengan luas kasut yang bersentuhan dengan tanah.
Berat kereta ialah 10 000 N dan berat pemandu ialah 500 N.
(i) Calculate the ratio pressure of car on ground : pressure of driver on ground.
(The car has 4 tyres and a driver has 2 feet)
Hitungkan nisbah tekanan kereta : tekanan pemandu di atas jalan.
(Kereta mempunyai 4 roda dan pemandu mempunyai 2 kaki)
[2 marks]
(ii) Suggest why it might be a good idea to reduce the pressure of the air in car tyres
if the car is to be driven over soft sand.
Cadangkan mengapa mengurangkan tekanan udara dalam tayar adalah idea
yang baik jika kenderaan dipandu di pasir.
................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
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High
building
Bangunan
tinggi
20 m
DIAGRAM 7.1
RAJAH 7.1
(a) The siren is located 20 m from a large building, as shown in Diagram 7.1.
The siren with the frequency 1000 Hz, is briefly sounded once. A short time later,
the sound is heard again.
Sebuah siren di letakkan pada jarak 20 m dari bangunan yang besar seperti pada
Rajah 7.1.
Siren dengan frekuansi 1000 Hz, berbunyi sekali dengan kuat. Selepas beberapa
ketika, bunyi kedengaran sekali lagi.
…............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) What is the frequency of this second sound? Tick one box.
Apakah frekuansi bunyi kali kedua? Tandakan pada petak.
1000 Hz
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
(iv) Why the second sound is soft than the original sound?
Mengapakah bunyi kali kedua kedengaran lebih perlahan dari bunyi asal?
…............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) A student found it is difficult to measure the speed of sound inside the building
using only a stopwatch and a metre rule. Give two reasons.
Seorang pelajar mendapati sukar untuk mengukur laju bunyi di dalam bangunan
dengan hanya menggunakan jam randik dan pembaris meter. Berikan dua sebab.
.………………………………………………………………………………………...
…………………………………………………………………………………………
.………………………………………………………………………………………...
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]
(c) Diagram 7.2 shows the correct method used by a student to measure the speed of
sound .
Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan kaedah yang lebih tepat digunakan untuk mengukur laju
bunyi.
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DIAGRAM 7.2
RAJAH 7.2
The sound is received by two microphones placed at different distance in front of the loud
speaker. The separation between the two microphones is, d. The time interval, t, between
the sounds received by the two microphones is recorded. The results of the experiment is
shown in Diagram 7.3.
Bunyi diterima oleh kedua-dua mikrofon yang disusun di depan pembesar suara pada
jarak yang berbeza. Jarak pemisahan di antara dua mikrofon ialah d. Sela masa, t, di
antara bunyi yang diterima oleh dua mikrofon dicatatkan. Keputusan eksperimen
ditunjukkan pada Rajah 7.3.
d against t
d melawan t
4
Distance/m
Jarak/m
(ii) Using the graph in (a) (i), calculate the speed of sound. time/s
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 masa/s
DIAGRAM 7.3
RAJAH 7.3
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Diagram 7.4 shows the trace observed at the screen of CRO.
Rajah 7.4 menunjukkan surihan isyarat yang terbentuk pada skrin OSK.
Trace from
Microphone 1
Surihan mikrofon
1
Trace from
microphone 2
Surihan
mikrofon 2
DIAGRAM 7.4
RAJAH 7.4
(i) Determine the time interval, t, from the trace in Diagram 7.4.
Tentukan sela masa, t, daripada surihan di Rajah 7.4.
[2 marks]
(ii) Using the answer in (a)(i), determine the distance, d, from the graph.
Menggunakan jawapan (a)(i), tentukan jarak, d daripada graf.
[2 marks]
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Heating element
Elemen pemanas
DIAGRAM 8.1
RAJAH 8.1
DIAGRAM 8.1
RAJAH 8.1
………………………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]
(b) The electric iron is connected to a 240 V supply and used to iron clothes for 30
minutes.
Seterika elektrik itu disambungkan kepada bekalan 240 V dan digunakan untuk
menggosok pakaian selama 30 minit.
Calculate:
Hitungkan:
(i) the current that passes through the heating element in the iron.
arus yang mengalir melalui elemen pemanas di dalam seterika itu.
[2 marks]
(ii) the cost of using the electric iron in 30 days, if the cost of electricity by Tenaga
Nasional is 23 cents per kW h for first 200 units.
kos menggunakan seterika elektrik itu selama 30 hari, jika kos tenaga oleh
Tenaga Nasional ialah 23 sen per kW j untuk setiap 200 unit yang pertama.
[2 marks]
Time to toast 2
Bread Potential
slices of bread, t/s
Toaster Difference, V/V Current, I/A
Masa untuk
Pembakar Beza Keupayaan Arus, I/A
membakar 2 keping
roti V/V
roti, t/s
P 240 6.0 90
Q 240 5.0 150
R 240 4.0 120
TABLE 8.1
JADUAL 8.1
(i) Calculate the energy supplied by each of bread toaster to toast the bread.
Hitungkan tenaga yang dibekalkan oleh setiap pembakar roti untuk membakar
roti.
[4 marks]
(ii) Using your answer in (c)(i), state which bread toaster is most suitable.
Give two reasons for your answer.
Menggunakan jawapan di (c )(i,) nyatakan pembakar roti yang paling sesuai.
Beri dua sebab bagi jawapan anda.
……………………………………………………………………………….......
……………………………………………………………………………….......
[3 marks]
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Section B
Bahagian B
[20 marks]
9 (a) Spiderman find that when he jumped down from a high building without bending
his legs, a loud sound is produced as shown in Diagram 9.1.
But if upon landing, he bends his legs, a soft sound is produced as shown in
Diagram 9.2. .
‘Spiderman’ mendapati bahawa apabila beliau terjun dari bangunan yang tinggi
tanpa membengkokkan kakinya, bunyi yang kuat dihasilkan seperti ditunjukkan
pada Rajah 9.1.
Sebaliknya, jika beliau membengkokkan kaki semasa mendarat, bunyi yang
perlahan dihasilkan seperti ditunjukkan pada Rajah 9.2.
(ii) Using Diagram 9.1 and 9.2, compare the time for change of momentum for
Spiderman.
Menggunakan Rajah 9.1 dan 9.2, bandingkan kadar perubahan momentum
’Spiderman’.
Relate the time for change of momentum and the force acting on the Spiderman,
deduce a relevant physics concept.
Hubungkaitkan masa perubahan momentum,dan kadar perubahan
momentum’Spiderman’, untuk menyimpulkan satu konsep fizik yang sesuai.
[5 marks]
(b) In two separate boxing ring, a kick-boxer from Thailand fights without wearing
boxing gloves whereas a boxer from Malaysia fights with a pair of boxing gloves.
Dalam dua gelanggang tinju yang berasingan, peninju daripada Thailand
berlawan tanpa menggunakan sarung tangan peninju, manakala peninju daripada
Malaysia berlawan dengan menggunakan sarung tangan peninju.
Explain who will cause more injury to their opponent if both boxers punch with the
same force.
Terangkan peninju yang manakah akan mengakibatkan kecederaan yang teruk
kepada lawannya jika kedua-dua peninju mengenakan daya yang sama.
[3 marks]
DIAGRAM 9.3
RAJAH 9.3
Explain the modification to the bus to help to improve the safety of the passengers
and will be more comfortable.
Emphasise your explanation in the following aspects:
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10 Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show the graph of radioactivity for two difference
sources .
Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan graf radioaktif untuk dua sumber yang
berlainan.
Keradioaktifan / bilangan per saat
Radioactivity / counts per second
Source A
80 100 g Sumber A
saat
60
40 50 g
20 25 g
0 10 20 30
Time elapsed / year
Masa pereputan / Tahun
DIAGRAM 10.1
RAJAH 10.1
Source B
80 100 g Sumber B
saat
60
40 50 g
20 25 g
0 1 2 3
Time elapsed / year
Masa pereputan / Tahun
DIAGRAM 10.2
RAJAH 10.2
(b) Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2, compare time elapsed, radioactivity
decay and initial activity for the two sources.
Menggunakan Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2, bandingkan masa penyusutan, kadar
reputan dan keaktifan asal bagi kedua-dua bahan radioaktif.
[3 marks]
(c) State the relationship between the fraction of radioactive source that remains and
the time elapsed to deduce a relevant physics concept.
Nyatakan hubungan antara sumber bahan yang tertinggal selepas penyusutan
dengan masa penyusutan untuk membuat satu kesimpulan konsep fizik
[2 marks]
(ii) Briefly describe the change which occurs in the nucleus of uranium-236
during the decay.
Terangkan dengan jelas perubahan yang berlaku dalam nukleus semasa
pereputan uranium-236.
[4 marks]
DIAGRAM 10.3
RAJAH 10.3
(e) A doctor wants to detect the presence of blockages in the blood vessels. By
injecting a suitable radioisotope as tracer into the blood stream of the patient, a
doctor should able to identify the part of body that not receiving enough
blood. Using your knowledge on radioactivity and Diagram 10.3, explain
on the following aspect:
(i) what radioactive material and equipment can be used to monitor the blood
flow in the patient.
(ii) how the equipment is assembled.
(iii) how the system works.
(i) apakah bahan radioaktif yang sesuai dan peralatan yang digunakan untuk
mengesan perjalanan darah dalam badan pesakit.
(ii) bagaimana peralatan ini berfungsi.
(iii) bagaimana sistem ini berkerja.
[10 marks]
Section C
Bahagian C
[20 marks]
11 (a) Diagram 11.1 and Diagram 11.2 shows two incomplete periscopes R and S.
Periscope R uses two plane mirrors to reflect the light.
Periscope S uses two prisms to enable total internal reflection of light.
Rajah 11.1 dan Rajah 11.2 menunjukkan dua periskop R dan S yang tidak lengkap.
Periskop R menggunakan dua cermin satah untuk memantulkan cahaya.
Periskop S menggunakan dua prisma yang membenarkan cahaya merambat secara
pantulan dalam penuh.
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R
Light in
Cahaya Periscope holder
masuk Pemegang Periskop
Plane mirrors
Cermin satah
Light out
Cahaya
keluar
DIAGRAM 11.1
RAJAH 11.1
S
Light in
Cahaya
masuk
Prisms
Prisma
Light out
Cahaya
keluar
DIAGRAM 11.2
RAJAH 11.2
(iii) Complete the diagrams below to show the positions of the plane mirrors in
periscope R and the prisms in periscope S.
Draw the ray diagram to show the reflection of light in periscopes R and S.
State a condition that enable total internal reflection of light in the prism of the
periscope S.
R S
(iv) The velocity of light in air is 3.0 x 108 m s-1. If the wavelength of the red light is
8 x 10-7 m, calculate the frequency of the red light.
Halaju cahaya di udara ialah 3.0 x 108 m s-1. Jika panjang gelombang cahaya
merah ialah 8 x 10-7 m, kirakan frekuensi bagi cahaya merah tersebut.
[2 marks]
(b) Diagram 11.3, 11.4 and 11.5 show the reflection of light by three types of mirrors.
Rajah 11.3, 11.4 dan 11.5 menunjukkan pantulan cahaya bagi tiga jenis cermin.
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As a scout, you intend to design a solar cooker that can be used to boil water using
direct sun light.
Diagram 11.6 shows three different design of the solar cooker.
Sebagai seorang pengakap, anda perlu mereka sebuah alat untuk memasak air yang
menggunakan kuasa solar secara terus.
Rajah 11.6 menunjukkan tiga reka bentuk alat memasak menggunakan kuasa solar
yang berlainan.
DIAGRAM 11.6
RAJAH 11.6
(i) Choose the most suitable design in Diagram11.6 that can boiled water in the
shortest time and explain the suitability of the design.
Pilih satu reka bentuk yang sesuai dalam Rajah 11.6 yang membolehkan air
dimasak dalam masa yang paling singkat dan terangkan kesesuaian
rekabentuk tersebut.
(ii) Suggest and explain two ways to improve the design you chose in (b)(i).
Cadang dan terangkan dua cara untuk memperbaiki reka bentuk yang anda
pilih dalam b(i).
(iii) Give two reasons why the above solar cooker is said to be environmental
friendly?
Beri dua sebab kenapa alat memasak yang menggunakan kuasa solar mesra
alam?
(iv) Give two reasons why the solar energy is not widely used?
Beri dua sebab mengapa tenaga solar tidak digunakan secara meluas?
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(b) Diagram 12.1 and 12.2 shows a circuit consisting of a diode and a bulb.
Rajah 12.1 dan 12.2 menunjukkan litar yang disambungkan kepada diod dan
mentol.
(i) Based on Diagram 12.1 and Diagram 12.2, which bulb will light up?
Berdasarkan Rajah 12.1 dan Rajah 12.2, mentol yang manakah akan menyala?
[1 mark]
(c) You are required to set up a battery charge for your handphone by using lower a.c
input voltage as in Diagram 12.3 and in Table 12.1.
Anda dikehendaki untuk menyediakan satu pengecas bateri talifon bimbit dengan
menggunakan voltan ulang alik yangrendah dengan menggunakan maklumat
seperti dalam Rajah 12.3 dalam Jadual 12.1.
Diode arragement
Transformer Susunan diod
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○
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DIAGRAM 12.3
RAJAH 12.3
TABLE 12.1
JADUAL 12.1
(ii) the type of core you will use in the transformer and justify your choice.
jenis teras yang anda akan gunakan bagi transformer itu dan jelaskan pilihan
anda.
(iii) the diode arrangement you will use and justify your choice.
susunan diod yang akan anda gunakan dan jelaskan pilihan anda.
[6 marks]
(d) (i) Draw a circuit to produce full-wave rectification and show the input
voltage and the output voltage wave forms.
Lukiskan litar yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan rektifikasi gelombang
penuh dan tunjukkan bentuk gelombang bagi voltan input dan voltan output
(ii) Explain why a capacitor is connected in the Diagram 12.3 and how it functions.
Terangkan mengapa kapasitor disambungkan dalam Rajah 12.3 dan
bagaimana ia berfungsi.
[8 marks]