9/9/2015

WEEK 1
Disampaikan Oleh:
FENTY EKA MUZAYYANA AGUSTIN, MKom

STANDAR KOMPETENSI

Mahasiswa dapat memahami konsep interaksi manusia dan

komputer dan menggunakannya dalam merancang interface

pada perangkat lunak.

Deskripsi Mata Kuliah

Mata kuliah IMK bertujuan agar mahasiswa memiliki kemampuan:

Memahami manusia sbg sbr dy terpenting dlm membangun sistem

Memahami & menerapkan

1.
2.

3.

4.
5.

konsep desain sistem interaksi

pembuatan model arti desain sistem interaksi
pembuatan notasi dan dialog dari desain sistem interaksi
pembuatan analisis dan desain sistem interaksi
pembuatan dokumentasi pada sistem interaksi

Andrews, Keith, HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION,

Lecture Notes, Graz University of Technology, 2011.
Stanton, Neville A., W. O, The Handbook Of Task
Analysis For Human-Computer Interaction, Lawrence
Erlbaum Associates Publishers, London, 2004.
Oviatt, Sharon, Handbook of Human-Computer
Interaction: Chapter of Multimodal Interfaces,
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, New Jersey,
2002.
P. Insap Santoso, Interaksi Manusia dan Komputer :
Teori dan Praktek, Andi Offset, Yogyakarta, 2004.
Surbakti, Irfan, Interaksi Manusia dan Komputer, Buku
Ajar Jurusan Teknik Informatika Fakultas Teknologi
Informasi ITS, 2006

9/9/2015

Form  40%

Kehadiran

Tugas Individu + Kelompok

Keaktifan di Kelas

UTS  30%
UAS  30%
E-mail: fentyema@gmail.com
SMS/WA: 0813 9961 4763

Fb: difa fenty agustin

..\SAP KBK IMK Versi_1_19022012.docx

Interaksi  menurut KBBI (Kam. 2001:438)

Hal yang saling melakukan aksi, berhubungan,

mempengaruhi, antarhubungan.

Manusia  sebagai pelaku aksi terhadap

sesuatu

Komputer  sebagai pelaku aksi terhadap
sesuatu

Interaksi Manusia dan Komputer  Keadaan
yang melibatkan aksi antara manusia dengan
komputer

Kata kunci  Saling Melakukan

9/9/2015

FIKIR
Easy Learning
PSIKIS
FISIK
User Friendly
V = Visual
A = Auditory
K = Kinaesthetic
O = Olfactory
G = Gustatory

Comfortable

Input

Process

Output

9/9/2015

Antropol
ogi &
Sosiologi

Desain
Industri

Linguis
tik

Ilmu
Komputer

IMK

Ergono
mik

Perancan
gan grafis
&
tipografi

Psikolo
gi
Teknik
Elektron
ika

Human-computer interaction is a
discipline concerned with the design,
evaluation and implementation of
interactive computing systems for
human use and with the study of major
phenomena surrounding them.
[ ACM SIGCHI Curricula for Human-Computer
Interaction ]

9/9/2015

Important issue
Combination of

Ease of learning

High speed of user task performance

Low user error rate

Subjective user satisfaction

User retention over time

Two Crucial Errors

Assume all users are alike
Assume all users are like the designer

1.
2.
3.

Change attitude of software professional

Draw upon fast accumulating body of knowledge
regarding H-C interface design
Integrate UI design methods & techniques into
standard software development methodologies
now in place

Improving Interfaces
Know the User!
Physical abilities
Personality differences
Cultural diversity
Special needs

- Cognitive abilities
- Skill differences
- Motivation

Predominant theoretical frameworks or

scientific world views

e.g., Aristotelian, Newtonian, Einsteinian
(relativistic) paradigms in physics

Understanding HCI history is largely about
understanding a series of paradigm shifts

Not all coming on next slides are really
paradigm shifts, but you get the idea

9/9/2015

Cards,tape -> VDU

Mainframe -> PC
Glass tty -> WIMP
interface

Commands ->
Direct manipulation

Direct manipulation
-> Agents

Visual ->
Multimedia
Linear -> Web-like
Desktop ->
Ubiquitous, Mobile
Single user -> CSCW
Purposeful use ->
Situated use

Digital computer grounded in ideas from

1700s & 1800s

Technology became available in the 1940s

and 1950s

1960 - Postulated man-computer symbiosis

Couple human brains

and computing machines
tightly to revolutionize
information handling

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Immed
Time sharing
Electronic I/O
Interactive, realtime system
Large scale
information
storage and
retrieval

Intermed

Long-term

Combined speech
recognition,
character
recognition, lightpen editing

Natural language
understanding
Speech recognition
of arbitrary users
Heuristic programming

Mid 60s

Computers too expensive for individuals

increased accessibility
interactive systems, not jobs
text processing, editing
email, shared file system

Pendahuluan

-> timesharing

Need
for
HCI

19/26

SketchPad - 63 PhD thesis at MIT

Hierarchy - pictures & subpictures

Master picture with instances (ie, OOP)
Constraints
Icons
Copying
Light pen as input device
Recursive operations

Pendahuluan

20/26

Inventor
of mouse

Landmark system/demo:

hierarchical hypertext, multimedia, mouse, high-res display, windows, shared

files, electronic messaging, CSCW, teleconferencing, ...

Alan Kay

Dynabook - Notebook sized computer loaded with multimedia and can

store everything

Personal
computing

Pendahuluan

Desktop
interface

21/26

9/9/2015

More suitable medium than paper

Sutherlands Sketchpad as landmark system
Computers used for visualizing and
manipulating data

System is more powerful if its easier to use

Small, powerful machines dedicated to individual
Importance of networks and time-sharing
Kays Dynabook, IBM PC

Personal Computers
70s IBM PC
Text and command-based
Sold lots

Xerox Star - 81, Star, Apple

Lisa 82, Apple Macintosh 84
PCs with GUIs,

Windows, Icons, Menus, Pointers

Can do several things simulataneously
Familiar GUI interface
Xerox Alto, Star; early Apples

Metaphor

All use is problem-solving or learning to some extent

Relating computing to real-world activity is effective learning mechanism

File management on office desktop

Financial analysis as spreadsheets

9/9/2015

Coins and explores notion of direct manipulation of interface

Long-time Director of
HCI Lab at Maryland
82 Shneiderman describes appeal of graphically-based
interaction

object visibility

incremental action and rapid feedback

reversibility encourages exploration

replace language with action

syntactic correctness of all actions
WYSIWYG, Apple Mac

Mode is a human communication channel

Not just the senses, e.g., speech and non-speech audio
are two modes
Emphasis on simultaneous use of multiple channels for I/O

Hypertext Ted Nelson

Computers can help people, not just business

Coined term hypertext
Think of information not as linear flow but as interconnected nodes
Bushs MEMEX, Nelsons hypertext
Non-linear browsing structure
WWW 93

MIT machine architecture & AI group 69-80s

Ideas:

wall-sized displays, video

disks, AI in interfaces
(agents), speech recognition,
multimedia with hypertext

Mark Weiser
Introduced notion of calm technology
Its everywhere, but recedes quietly into background

CTO of Xerox PARC

9/9/2015

Actions do not always speak louder than words

Interface as mediator or agent
Language paradigm

CSCW

Computer-Supported Cooperative Work

No longer single user/single system
Micro-social aspects are crucial
E-mail as prominent success but other groupware still not widely used

Person is no longer user of virtual device but

occupant of virtual, computationally-rich
environment

Can no longer neglect macro-social aspects

Late 90s - PDAs, VEs, ...

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