Chapter # 3
Charged Interfaces
Types Interfaces
Electrolytes
The solution/air interface
Metal/solution interface
Metal Ions in Two Different Chemical Environments
The Electrical Double Layer & Models
Significance of the Electrical Double Layer to Corrosi
on
Measurement of Electrode Potentials
Reference Electrodes
Charged interfaces
Interfaces form at the physical boundary between two phases, such as:solid
and a liquid (S/L), a liquid and its vapor (L/V), or a solid and a vapor (S/V).
There can also be interfaces between two different solids (S1/S2) or between
two immiscible liquids (L1/L2).
Two special interfaces, the solution/air interface and the metal/solution
Fig. 3.1 (a) The water dipole. (b) In the bulk, liquid water
consists of an array of randomly oriented dipoles, so the
net charge is zero
No net
ation.
Fig. 3.3 Primary waters of hydration for (a) Na+ ion, (b) Cl
anion. Primary hydration numbers are from Bockris and
Reddy [1]
More complicated
b/c of:
than
the
solution/air
Corrosion process transfer of a positive ion from the metal lattice into solution In
the metal lattice, the positive ion is stabilized by the Fermi sea of electrons In
solution, the positive ion is stabilized by its water of hydration
thermal
reference electrode