CVEN4002 Design Practice A Report 2

Civil Engineering
Design Practice A
CVEN4002
Pritchard Street Bridge
UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

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REVISION RECORD
Author:
Date
Pages
Affected
All
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Reviewed by:
Description of Change
Approved by
Preliminary Issue substructure

only

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CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1
1.2
1.3
2.
Scope of report.....4
Definitions..........4
Design Method4
DESIGN INPUTS
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
Application, function and design life5

Geometry 5
Loading.6
Load Factors and Combinations..6
Concrete and Reinforcement Properties..6
Foundation Properties7
3. CALCULATIONS
3.1
Substructure.7
4. DESIGN OUTPUTS
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
General..19
Finite Element Analysis Results 19
Reinforcement Design.19
Design Output Index.19
ATTACHMENTS
Attachment A :
Attachment B :
Attachment C :
Attachment D :
Attachment E :
Attachment F :
Attachment G :
Substructure frame model

Substructure computer output
Substructure design and details
Deck structure computer model
Deck structure computer output
Deck structure design and details
Quantities and cost estimate
In Attachments C and F include cross sections for each element of the structure showing
dimensions and reinforcement arrangement with sufficient detail for a drafter to prepare the
construction drawings.

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1.0
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Scope of report
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The information and calculations provided herewith is for the following project:
CVEN 4002 Design Practice A Bridge Design
The Port of Brisbane Motorway is a highway situated along the length of Lindum Road to
Pritchard Street, acting as a connection between the Port of Brisbane and the Gateway
Motorway. An increase in vehicles travelling towards the Port of Brisbane in 2002 led to the
construction of the Pritchard Street Overpass (Pritchard Street Bridge), in an attempt to
reduce freight traffic off Lytton Road.
A detailed design procedure and requirements for the design of the four span bridge; the
Pritchard Street Bridge, will be covered in this report. The design procedure will cover the
pier foundations, columns, headstock and bridge deck which will be primarily supported by
Super-T4 Girders.
The project will be divided into two phases, whereby initial preliminary designs were made
by analysing the substructure of the bridge which took into account geotechnical properties
present at the bridge site. These geotechnical properties combined with foundation
parameters enabled and assisted the design of the footings of the bridge, which will be
discussed in further detail below. Furthermore, the bridge piers and deck were modelled
using Strand7 structural analysis software, where worst case scenarios were designed for.
Through the assumption of the most extreme load cases occurring, such cases were adopted
for the design of Pritchard Street Bridge.
References will be made to the Australian Standards which include:
- AS5100 (2004) Bridge Design
- AS1170 Structural Design Actions
- AS3600 (2009) Concrete Structures.
And references to Super-T Standards (1997) by Structural Concrete Industries,
http://www.sciaust.com.au/pdfs/supertstandards.pdf
Concrete Structures (1998) by R.F. Warner, B.V. Rangan, A.S. Hall, K.A. Faulkes.

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Definitions
These definitions were taken from AS5100.3 Clause 23.2:
ULS Ultimate Limit State is the loss of inelastic instability, static equilibrium and failure to
further sustain the design load.
SLS Serviceability Limit State is defined as the excessive vibration from lateral or cross wind
effects induced by vortex shredding which leads to failure or fatigue of electrical
components and other functional problems. The critical wind speed where the frequency of
vortex shedding equals a structure resonance frequency must be greater than the maximum
serviceability design wind speed or low enough to only produce very small vibratory
amplitudes.
SDL A Superimposed Dead Load is applied to a bridge after the concrete deck has cured.
DNA - Depth to Neutral Axis
TL - Transverse load
1.3
Design Method
The verification has made use of the following finite element analysis programme:
Name:
Author:
Strand7 Release 2.4.5

Strand7 Pty Ltd
Sydney NSW
Name:
Author:
Microsoft Excel 2010

Microsoft

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Design Inputs
2.1
Application, function exposure classification and design life
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The bridge design is for a flyover (overhead bridge) on the Port of Brisbane Motorway near
Lytton, Pritchard Street and the entrance to the Brisbane River. Due to the fact that the
bridge is located close to the water, there are risks of corrosion. The bridge is also exposed
to pollution from the Caltex Oil Refinery nearby.
The design life of the bridge is for 100 years. Using appropriate steel reinforcement that can
hold the dead load of the bridge and the live loads from traffic on the road and sufficient
cover that will not be easily weakened by the mentioned elements, it is possible to design a
bridge which can withstand for 100 years with low maintenance costs.
For the substructure, AS5100.5 Table 4.3 and Table 4.5 listed below states that for surface of
members in seawater within tidal zones are considered as Exposure Class C with a minimum
characteristic strength requirement (fc) of 50 MPa. The superstructure will be considered as
Exposure Class B2 with a minimum strength requirement of 40 MPa.

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Table 4.10.3(A) specifies a minimum concrete cover of 70mm for the specified exposure
class C, which will be used for the substructure
Table 4.10.3(B) specifies a minimum concrete cover of 35mm for the exposure class B2,
which will be used for the superstructure (requires rigid formwork and intense compaction)

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Concrete Class
Standard Grade 50 concrete (S50) shall be used in the construction of the substructure to
satisfy the characteristic strength mentioned previously. It shall also be used in the casting of
the deck slab and girder diaphragm.
The beam girders in the deck shall be of concrete class that is standard in the prefabrication
of Super-T4 girders.
Non-structural elements shall use S40 concrete.
Maximum Reinforcement Stresses under SLS Loads
The maximum allowable reinforcement stresses under SLS loads can be found in Table
8.6.1(A) and Table 8.6.2(B) of AS5100.5. For the designed bar diameter in each structural
element, the maximum stress in the steel was checked and verified that it did not exceed
the thresholds stated in the table. Further verification can be seen in substructure
calculations in Section 3.1 of this report.
To prevent cracking on the soffit of the girders, the maximum stresses that can be applied to
the Super T-4 girders shall be limited to its prestressed value. This is checked and calculated
in Section 3.0 and 4.3 of the report.
2.2
Geometry
The geometry of the structure and related earthworks is defined by the following project
drawings no. BR61-GA-01, BR61-DI-01, BR61-SN-01, BR61-GA-02, BR61-GA-03, 545750,
545751, BR61-AB-03, BR61-DK-01, BR61-DK-02, BR61-GI-01, BR61-RS-02. These drawings
can be found in the General Bridge Project CVEN4002 2014.pdf.
Deep piles and supports were initially used as foundation set ups. The load applied from the
bridge down to the deep piles is transferred to strata which is capable of supporting the
structure without failing during the designed life of the bridge.
Spread footing is the new type of foundation which replaces deep piles in the area
between the supports. This type of foundation spreads the load exerted by the building over
an area adequate enough to prevent the ground from being prestressed.

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Our designed foundation is 3m in width, 55.559 metres in length and has a depth of 0.9m.
There will be three footings equally spread apart along the length of the bridge.
Circular columns will be used and would have a diameter of 900mm. The columns are
approximately 7 m in length each. Since there are three footings, there will be 18 columns in
total for the bridge.
The headstock has a depth of 1.7 m, a width of 2 m, and has a total length of 55.559 m. Like
the footings, there will be 3 headstocks for the entire length of the bridge.
2.3
Loading
The structure has been designed for the loading shown on drawings no:
BR61-GA-01 545750, 545751, BR61-AB-03, BR61-DK-02 and the lecture notes.
For strand7, six different load cases were considered:
-
2.4
Self-Weight (1): The self-weight of the bridge structure including the impact of gravity.
Dead Load (2): Constant static forces over time. E.g. Column
Live Load (3+4): Temporary or moving dynamic loads. E.g: road traffic. There are two live
loads considered separately from each other.
Superimposed Dead Load (5): differs from dead loads as they are not attached to the
building. E.g. pavement
Dead Load + Superimposed Dead Load (6): the addition of (2) and (5).
Load Factors and Combinations

AS5100.2 T5.2 was used to get the load factors. For Ultimate Limit State, dead loads were
multiplied by a load factor of 1.2 and the Serviceability limit state was multiplied by a factor
of 1. This is due to the fact that it is made of Concrete with a dead load which reduces
safety.
In the process of calculating, Superimposed Dead Load, a load factor of 2 was used from T5.3
for Ultimate Limit State where SDL is permanent and reduces safety. A load factor of 1.3 was
used for serviceability limit state.
For the live loads, a factor of 1.0 and 1.8 were used for SLS and ULS respectively. These live
loads were tested separately using different increments.
According to the standards, the dead load + superimposed dead load has a ULS factor of
0.05 and a SLS factor of 0.

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Concrete and Reinforcement Properties

S50 Concrete and N500 Steel were used. The concrete had compressive strength fc=50Mpa
and ductility 3.8x104 MPa.
The steel had a ductility class of N, a yield strength fsy = 500 Mpa and designation grade of
D500N from Table 6.2.1, AS5100.5. The elastic modulus E was 2x105 MPa.
2.6
Foundation Properties
The soil material properties assumed in the design are as follows:
The strength limit state is calculated as:
w = G + Q = (1900 + 540) + 1600 = 4040 kN
SLS Design for 1 metre strip:
w
= 673.333 kN
6
650 kNm
M=
= 108.333 kNm pmr
6m
F 6M 673.333 6(108.333)
= + 2=
+
= 296.667 kPa < 350
W W
3
32
F 6M 673.333 6(108.333)
qmin = 2 =
= 152.222 kPa
W W
3
32
F=
qmax
The allowable bearing pressure qallowable is 296.667 kPa. This satisfies the allowable
bearing pressure at foundation level shall be not less than 100 kPa and less than the soil
bearing capacity of 350 kPa.
3.0
CALCULATIONS
Strand7
Using the data from Pier Design Inputs, the substructure of the bridge was modelled on
Stand7. The concrete used and the structure material data was also input into the program.
In order for Stand7 to test for the worst case scenarios (i.e. the largest moments and axial
forces) different load cases were implemented on different increments. The load cases Live
Load 1, Live Load 2 and Dead Load + SDL were placed in different increments for the
different ultimate limit cases. A fourth increment included the ultimate limit state factors.
The factors for ULS and SLS are listed in section 2.4.
Strand7 analysed the data using a non-linear static solver and the results are presented in
Attachment B. They are from increment one which are the Ultimate Limit State calculations.
As expected, most values are within 10% of what is given in the lecture notes.
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For the rest of the calculations, values from the lecture notes are used instead of what was
calculated from Strand7.
Footings
Using the dimensions of 1000 mm wide x 900 mm deep x 3000 mm long, the required reinforcement
to ensure that ULS design shear and bending, SLS design bending is satisfied.
Detailing was done based on Reinforced Concrete Basics and the requirements of AS3600.
The steps taken to design for the required transverse, longitudinal and the shear reinforcement is
shown below.
Location of Maximum Design Actions:

Column Area
Equivalent Square section side length
= 636173
= 798
mm2
mm2
*Effective depth at support: Assume

cover = 70 mm
transverse bars = 20 mm
longitudinal bars = 24 dia. Mm
= 900-70-20-24/2 = 798 mm2
Effective depth
Critical Section distance from column CL:
Bending at support: 015D from face
Shear at support: d from face
= 279
= 1197
X
Negative Bending moment (mid-span)
Positive bending moment
Distance from column CL
0.00
0.30
Design section
0.279
Shear Force
0.90
1.30
Design section
1.197
mm (from centre)
mm (from centre)
ULS
SLS DL + SLS DL only

LL
-764.6
-510.7
-383.5 kNm
2261.4
1107.3
1187.5
-1339.1
-579.3
-775.3
1548.8
749.2
804.7
1036.8 kNm
286.7 kNm
338.8 kNm
kN
kN
kN
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ULS : Footing Shear Force Diagram

3000.0
Sher Force, kN
2000.0
1000.0
-15.000
-10.000
0.0
-5.000
0.000
-1000.0
5.000
10.000
15.000
-2000.0
ULS Min
Support
-3000.0
ULS Max
Support
-4000.0
ULS: Footing Bending Moment Diagram

2500.0
ULS Min Support
Bending Moment, kNm
2000.0
-15.000
ULS Max Support
1500.0
1000.0
500.0
-10.000
-5.000
0.0
0.000
5.000
10.000
15.000
-500.0
-1000.0
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Results/Reference
Footings Longitudinal Reinforcement Design

Minimum Strength Requirement
fc
fcf = 0.6 * fc0.5
D
B
Z = BD2/6
Assumed cover
Transverse
(Muo)min = 1.2 * Z * fcf
50 MPa
4.243 MPa
900 mm
3000 mm
4.05x108 mm3
70 mm
20 mm
2061.9 kNm
ULS bending moments retrieved from Strand 7 output

- At support (positive)
- At mid-span (negative)
1187.5 kNm
-764.6 kNm
Therefore (Muo)min governs
2061.9 kNm
Design for a metre width

M* = (Muo)min/3
Trial 24 mm diameter bottom bars and 20 mm diameter top bars
both at an equal spacing of 135 mm
Ast = r2 * 1/0.135
DNA
Rectangular stress block depth factor
= [0.85 0.007 * (fc 28)| 0.65 0.85]
Stress block depth
Ultimate stress = 0.85 * fc
Concrete force
Reinforcement force
687.31 kNm
3351 mm2/m (for 24 mm bars)

2327 mm2/m (for 20 mm bars)
73.58666364 mm
0.696
51.2 mm
42.5 MPa
2177 kN/m
-2177 kN/m
Satisfies F = 0; OK
Total Reinforcement moment about concrete centroid
= 0.8
Mu = 0.8 * 1328
1328 kN/m
1062.5 kN/m
Therefore Mu > M* is satisfied; OK
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SLS reinforcement stresses

Case 1: SLS Design bending moment (DL +LL)
SLS design bending moment (DL + LL) = -510.7/3
-170.2 kN/m
This was used in combination with the following parameters:

- DNA
-
- E concrete
- E steel
130.409292 mm
0.00009453014
34800 MPa
200000 MPa
Concrete Force = Ec * DNA/2 *
215 kN/m
Reinforcement Force
Total Reinforcement Force
-215 kN/m
Satisfies F = 0; OK
Total Reinforcement Moment about concrete centroid
170 kN/m
Resultant moment > Applied moment; OK

- Maximum reinforcement tensile stress
- Maximum allowable stress
- Governing allowable stress
Satisfies Maximum allowable stress > Maximum stress under LL + DL; OK
97 MPa
210 MPa
292 MPa
292 MPa
Case 2: SLS Design bending moment (DL only)

- Maximum SLS bending moment (DL only)
Satisfies Maximum allowable stress > Maximum stress under DL only; OK
-128 MPa
73 MPa
210 MPa
292 MPa
292 MPa
Check Shear Capacity

Design ULS Shear Force V*
258.44 kN/m
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Strength excluding shear reinforcement, Vuc

1 = 1.1 * (1.6 - d0/1000) 1.1
2
3
bv
do
Ast
fc
Vuc = 1 * 2 * 3 * bv * d0 * ((Ast * f'c)/(bv * d0))(1/3)
1.1
1.0
1.0
1000 mm
800 mm
3351 mm2
50 MPa
522.6 kN/m
Shear strength of beam with minimum reinforcement

Vu.min = Vuc + 0.6 * bv * d0
= 0.7
Vu.min = 0.7 * 1002.6
1002.6 kN/m
701.8 kN/m
Vu > V*; OK
Minimum Shear Reinforcement
Asv.min = (0.35 * bv.s)/fsy.f
Shear reinforcement spacing
Provide 2 leg 16mm diameter/m width
500 mm
Minimum area required

Diameter
Number of legs
350 mm2/m
16 mm
2 per metre width
Area
402.1 mm2/m
Area > minimum area; OK
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Columns
According to AS5100 (Cl 10.7.1 a), the minimum area of reinforcement steel needed is
0.01xAg which is 1% of the gross area of the cross section of the column. Since the gross
area of the column is x4502= 636 173 mm2, 1% of this area is 6 361 mm2. If we are using 16
bars, the minimum bar size which provides the required amount of area is N24. 16 bars are
used as it provides a symmetrical and consistent steel reinforcement throughout the circular
column.
The choice of very large diameter bars was not possible as according to AS5100 (Cl 10.7.1 b)
area of steel should be less than 0.04*Ag.
The helix confinement reinforcement used was 12mm from Table 10.7.3. whilst the cover of
70 mm was chosen. This results in our total side cover of 82mm. The choice of N24 bars
requires a minimum bar diameter of helix to be 10mm.
The analysis considers second order linear effects outlined in AS5100, Cl10.6 and Cl10.7
without an increase in the magnitude of moments due to the slenderness of the column
(Cl10.2.3).
The column design was finalised using the ULS Design Functions Excel file, where the
ultimate moment and axial force values were entered.
Values entered into the Ucom Input tab of the file were:
- Mu = 1785.4 kNm
- Axial load = 3887.8 kN
Also, the section details such as the layer depth remained unaltered as later on, it is shown
that these values were appropriated.
For the reinforcement, 16 N24 bars were used and placed /8 radians apart from each
other. As calculated above, the side cover is 82 mm. For steel, the Youngs modulus E is
2x105 MPa and the yield strength of steel is 500 MPa.
The interaction diagram provided by the Excel programme is provided in Appendix of
Submission 1. The diagram depicts the section capacity line of the column and the factor
reduced line.
The bending moment and axial force due to the design loads are given as M*=602.2 kNm
and N*= 3887.8 kN. These values are from Pier Design Results and are the ultimate limit
state bending moment at the top of the column. Since shear forces are almost constant
throughout the column, it is easier to design for the top of the column, where the axial force
is smallest. The ultimate limit state values are used rather than the serviceability limit state
values since they are larger and hence would represent the worst case scenario.
The interaction diagram shows that this point is within the reduced line and hence the
design of the column is safe.
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This means that the choice of the diameter of the bars, the number of bars used and the
spacing is correct. Hence, the layer depth must also be sufficient for the designs.
Based on the Pier Design Results and ULS Design Function, the M* and N* are within the
reduced section capacity line and so the column design is safe as shown in the appendix;
Interaction Diagram
Headstock
Using the dimensions of 2000 mm wide x 1700 mm deep x 34000 mm long, the required
reinforcement to ensure that ULS design shear and bending, SLS design bending is satisfied.
Detailing was done based on the requirements of AS3600 and Reinforced Concrete Basics.
The development length, anchorage and curtailment were considered. The steps taken to
design for the required longitudinal and shear reinforcement can be shown in the appendix.
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Results/Reference
Headstock Longitudinal Reinforcement Design

fc
fcf = 0.6 * fc0.5
D
B
Z = BD2/6
Assumed Cover
Transverse
50 MPa
4.243 MPa
1700 mm
2000 mm
9.633x108 mm3
70 mm
24 mm
4904.5 kNm
ULS Bending Moment retrieved from Strand 7 Output

- At support
- At mid-span
3506.8kNm
1363.4kNm
Therefore (Muo)min governs
4904.5kNm

M* = (Muo)min/2
2452.35 kNm/m
Trial 24 mm diameter bars at 115 mm spacing

Ast = * (24/2)2 * 1/0.115
3934 mm2/m
DNA
= [0.85 0.007 * (fc 28)| 0.65 0.85]
85.55861 mm
Stress block depth

Concrete force
Reinforcement force
59.5 mm
42.5MPa
2531kN/m
-2531kN/m
0.696
Satisfies F = 0; OK
= 0.8
Mu = 0.8 * 3128
3128 kNm/m
2502kNm/m
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SLS Reinforcement Stresses

SLS design bending moment (DL+LL) = 2347.8/2
1173.9kNm/m
This was used in combination with the following parameters;

- DNA
-
- E concrete
- E steel
233.259 mm
0.000260558
34800 MPa
200000 MPa
Concrete Force= Ec * DNA/2 *
1058 kN/m
-1058 kN/m
Satisfies F = 0; OK
1735 kNm/m

Satisfies Maximum allowable stress > Maximum stress under LL + DL; OK
304 MPa
210 MPa
308 MPa
308 MPa

667 kNm/m
173 MPa
210 MPa
308 MPa
308 MPa

1258.45 kN/m
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1 = 1.1 * (1.6-d0/1000) 1.1
2
3
bv
do
Ast
fc
Vuc = 1 * 2 * 3 * bv * d0 * ((Ast * f'c)/(bv * d0))(1/3)
1.1
1
1
1000 mm
1594 mm
3770 mm2
50 MPa
860.6 kN/m

Vu.min = Vuc + 0.6 * bv * d0
= 0.7
Vu.min = 0.7 * 1817
1817 kN/m
1271.9 kN/m
Vu > V*; OK
500 mm

Diameter
Number of legs
350mm2/m
16mm
2 per metre width
Area
402.1 mm2/m
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Results
Detailing the Slab reinforcement
Reference
Development Length for bar in tension
. =
7 8
(2 +
AS5011.5
Cl 13.1.2.1
251
K7 = 1 < 300mm of concrete cast below
k7 = 1
K8 = 2.2 for longitudinal bars in beams and columns with fitments
k8 = 2.2
AS5100.5
Cl 13.1.2.2 (b)
K8 is not equal to 1.6 as the clear distance between adjacent parallel bars is
less than 150 mm, where we determined the spacing to be 100 mm
Ab = cross sectional area of the reinforcing bar
Given:
N16 bars used
=
162
= 201.1 2
4
Ab = 201.1mm2
2a = twice the minimum cover to the deformed bar or the clear distance
between adjacent parallel bars developing stress
Minimum cover of 35 mm
2 * 35 = 70mm
2a = 70mm
Characteristic Compressive Strength of Concrete, fc

fc = 50 MPa
. =
1 2.2 500 201.1

(70 + 16) 50
= 363.76
25k1db = 25 * 1 * 16 = 400
Lsy.t < 25k1db therefore take 400
AS5011.5
Cl 13.1.2.1 (1)
Lsy.t = 400mm
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Development length for bar in Compression

. =
7 8
251
(2 + )
K7 = 1.25
K8 = 2.2
K7 = 1.25 > 300 mm of concrete cast below
AS5011.5
Cl 13.1.2.1
K8 = 2.2 for longitudinal bars in beams and columns with fitments

Ab = cross-sectional area of the reinforcing bar
Given:
Ab = 201.1 mm2
N16 bars used
16
= 201.1 2
4
AS5100.5
13.1.2.2 (b)
2a = twice the minimum cover to the deformed bar or the clear distance
between adjacent parallel bars developing stress
Minimum cover of 35 mm
2a = 70 mm
2 * 35 = 70mm
Characteristic Compressive Strength of Concrete, fc
fc = 50 MPa
. =
1 2.2 500 201.1

(70 + 16) 50
= 363.76
25k1db = 25 * 1 * 16 = 400
Lsy.t = 455 mm
Lsy.t > 25k1db therefore take 454.7 mm
Reinforcement standards, bends, hooks and cogs
Using N16 bars
La = 170 mm
Minimum length for N16 is 4 * db = 4 * 16 = 64 mm
AS5100.5
F 13.1.2
La = 170 mm
23

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Design Practice A
Design Report
Negative Reo Design
Page No: 24
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Results

M*
-779 kNm/m
Trial 24 mm diameter bars at 100mm spacing

Ast = r2 * 1/0.10
4524 mm2/m
DNA
= [0.85 0.007 * (fc 28)| 0.65 0.85]
65.3 mm

Stress block depth
Concrete force
Reinforcement force
42.5 MPa
45.2 mm
1923 kn/m
-1923 kN/m
0.696
AS 5100.5
Cl 8.1.2.2
Satisfies F = 0; OK
= 0.8
Mu = 0.8 * 1952.3
1952.3 kN/m
1561.84 kN/m

SLS design bending moment (DL + LL)
- DNA
-
- E concrete
- E steel
-477 kNm/m
178.5 mm
0.0002651
34800 MPa
200000 MPa
823 kN/m
Reinforcement Force
-824kN/m
Satisfies F ~ 0; OK
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Design Report
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728 kNm/m

Satisfies Maximum allowable stress > Maximum stress under DL + LL; OK
210 MPa
210 MPa
320 MPa
320 MPa
AS 5100.5
T 8.6.1 (A)
T 8.6.1 (B)

6 kNm/m
2 MPa
210MPa
320 MPa
320 MPa
AS 5100.5
T 8.6.1 (A)
T 8.6.1 (B)

400.8 kN/m

1 = 1.1 * (1.6 - d0/1000) 1.1
2
3
bv
do
Ast
fc
Vuc = 1 * 2 * 3 * bv * d0 * ((Ast * f'c)/(bv * d0))(1/3)
AS 5100.5
Cl 8.2
1.1
1.0
1.0
1000 mm
887 mm
4524 mm2
50 MPa
618.7 kN/m

Vu.min = Vuc + 0.6 * bv * d0
= 0.7
Vu.min = 0.7 * 274.1
1150.9 kN/m
805.7 kN/m
Vu > V*; OK
AS 5100.5
Cl 8.2.5 (a)
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Design Report
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300
Spacing = min {300mm or 0.5D}

Provide 2 leg 16 mm diameter/m width
Diameter
Number of legs
Area
210 mm2/m
12 mm
2 per metre
width
226.2 mm2/m
26

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Design Report
Calculations
Page No: 27
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Results
Reference
End Diaphragm
fc
fcf = 0.6 * fc0.5
D
B
Z = BD2/6
Assumed cover
Stirrups
50 MPa
4.243 MPa
950 mm
1000 mm
1.504x108 mm3
35 mm
16 mm
765.8 kNm

1240 kNm/m
-779.3 kNm/m
AS 5100.5
Cl 8.1.4
(Muo)min does not govern; design for positive and negative reo separately.
Positive Reo Design
M*
Ast = r2 * 1/0.10
DNA
= [0.85 0.007 * (fc 28)| 0.65 0.85]
Stress block depth
Concrete force
Reinforcement force
Reo force > Concrete force; OK
1240 kNm/m
6158 mm2/m
62.3 mm
0.696
AS 5100.5
Cl 8.1.2.2
42.5 MPa
45.2 mm
1923 kN/m
-3403 kN/m

= 0.8
Mu = 0.8 * 2689.4
2689.4 kN/m
2151.52 kN/m
27

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14.8 kNm/m

- DNA
-
- E concrete
- E steel
48.3981 mm
0.000553
34800 MPa
200000 MPa
465 kN/m
Reinforcement Force
-465 kN/m
Satisfies F ~ 0; OK
55 kNm/m

211 MPa
280 MPa
320 MPa
320 MPa
AS 5100.5
T 8.6.1 (A)
T 8.6.1 (B)

20 MPa
289 MPa
280 MPa
320 MPa
320 MPa
AS 5100.5
T 8.6.1 (A)
T 8.6.1 (B)

39.40 kN/m
AS 5100.5
Cl 8.2
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1 = 1.1 * (1.6 - d0/1000) 1.1
2
3
bv
do
Ast
fc
Vuc = 1 * 2 * 3 * bv * d0 * ((Ast * f'c)/(bv * d0))(1/3)
1.1
1.0
1.0
1000 mm
137 mm
2011 mm2
50 MPa
135.9 kN/m

Vu.min = Vuc + 0.6 * bv * d0
= 0.7
Vu.min = 0.7 * 218.1
218.1 kN/m
152.7 kN/m
Vu > V*; OK
AS 5100.5
Cl 8.2.5 (a)
AS 3600
Cl 8.2.5 (i)
No shear reinforcement required
29

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719.1 kNm/m
- DNA
-
- E concrete
- E steel
178.30 mm
0.0003154
34800 MPa
200000 MPa
978.5 kN/m
-1405 kN/m

Reinforcement Force
1269 kNm/m

240 MPa
30

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185 MPa
320 MPa
320 MPa

AS 5100.5
T 8.6.1 (A)
T 8.6.1 (B)
12 kNm/m
3 MPa
185 MPa
320 MPa
320 MPa
AS 5100.5
T 8.6.1 (A)
T 8.6.1 (B)
400.8 kN/m

AS 5100.5
Cl 8.2
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Design Report
Calculations
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Results
Reference
fc
fcf = 0.6 * fc0.5
D
B
Z = BD2/6
50 MPa
4.243 MPa
200 mm
1000 mm
6.667x106 mm3
33.9 kNm
AS 5100.5
Cl 8.1.4

30.8 kNm/m
-24.1 kNm/m
Top Slab Longitudinal Reinforcement Design

Therefore (Muo)min governs and so design based on this case

Reo Design
M* = (Muo)min
Ast = r2 * 1/0.10
DNA
= [0.85 0.007 * (fc 28)| 0.65 0.85]
Stress block depth
Concrete force
Reinforcement force
33.94 kNm/m
2011 mm2/m
45.78 mm
0.696
AS 5100.5
Cl 8.1.2.2
31.9 mm
42.5 MPa
1354 kN/m
-1354 kN/m
Satisfies F = 0; OK
= 0.8
Mu = 0.8 * 141
141 kN/m
112.6 kN/m
32

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Design Practice A
Design Report
Calculations
Page No: 33
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Results
References
Top Slab Transverse Reinforcement Design

-
All Design moments for transverse reinforcement design have

been computed through the addition of global moments
(found by strand 7) and local moments (Macaulays method as -40.6 kNm/m
shown below)
2011 mm2/m

fc
fcf = 0.6 * fc0.5
D
B
Z = BD2/6
Assumed cover
Stirrups
41.44 mm
0.696
AS 5100.5
Cl 8.1.2.2
28.8 mm
42.5 MPa
1226 kN/m
-1225 kN/m
145 kN/m
115.9 kN/m
Therefore (Muo)min does not govern and so design for positive and
negative reo separately.
Positive Reo Design
M* = (Muo)min
Ast = r2 * 1/0.08
DNA
= [0.85 0.007 * (fc 28)| 0.65 0.85]
Stress block depth
Concrete force
Reinforcement force
14.8kNm/m
48.689 mm
0.000425
34800 MPa
200000 MPa
360 kN/m
-360 kN/m
33

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Satisfies F = 0; OK
= 0.8
48 kNm/m

Satisfies Maximum allowable stress > Maximum stress under DL + LL;
OK
179 MPa
280 MPa
320 MPa
320 MPa
AS 5100.5
T 8.6.1 (A)
T 8.6.1 (B)

Satisfies Maximum allowable stress > Maximum stress under DL only;
OK
20 MPa
244 MPa
280 MPa
320 MPa
320 MPa

1 = 1.1 * (1.6 - d0/1000) 1.1
2
3
bv
do
Ast
fc
Vuc = 1 * 2 * 3 * bv * d0 * ((Ast * f'c)/(bv * d0))(1/3)
191.2 kN/m
AS 5100.5
T 8.6.1 (A)
T 8.6.1 (B)
AS 5100.5
Cl 8.2
1.1
1.0
1.0
1000 mm
137 mm
2011 mm2
50 MPa
135.9 kN/m

218.1 kN/m
Vu.min = Vuc + 0.6 * bv * d0
= 0.7
Vu.min = 0.7 * 274.1
152.7 kN/m
AS 5100.5
Cl 8.2.5 (a)
Vu > V*; OK
500 mm
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350 mm2/m
16 mm
2 per metre
width

Diameter
Number of legs
402.1 mm2/m
Area
AS 5100.5
Cl 9.3.3
Macaulays Method
Beam Segments
X End (m)
3
EI (kn/mm^2)
23333
Supports
X(m)
0
0.92
1.94
2.86
Point Loads
A160 Loading: Maximum Positive Moment Position
Position(m)
Force (kn/m)*
0.46
2.46
-172.899
-172.899
Distributed Load
(kn/m)
-9.2
-9.2
W80 Loading Maximum Negative Moment Position

Position(m)
Force (kn/m)*
0.53
-172.899
Distributed Load
(kn/m)
-9.2
AS 5100.2
Cl 6.11
*Values have been multiplied by 1.8 (ULS factor) and 1.4 (Dynamic LA)
Maximum and Minimum Moments and Shear Force
35

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Design Practice A
Design Report
Loading Case
A160
W80
Moments
34.608
-16.442
Page No: 36
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Shear Force**
98.592
**Value has been divided by 1.8 to remove ULS Factoring
36

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Design Report
Calculations
Page No: 37
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Results
References
Top Slab Transverse Reinforcement Design

-
All Design moments for transverse reinforcement design have

been computed through the addition of global moments
(found by strand 7) and local moments (Macaulays method as
shown below)

fc
fcf = 0.6 * fc0.5
D
B
Z = BD2/6
Assumed cover
Stirrups
50 MPa
4.243 MPa
200 mm
1000 mm
6.667x106 mm3
35 mm
16 mm
33.9 kNm
AS5100.5
Cl 8.1.4
65.4 kNm/m
-40.6 kNm/m
Therefore (Muo)min does not govern and so design for positive and
negative reo separately.
Positive Reo Design
M* = (Muo)min
65.4 kNm/m
Ast = r2 * 1/0.08
2513 mm2/m
DNA
= [0.85 0.007 * (fc 28)| 0.65 0.85]
Stress block depth
Concrete force
Reinforcement force
50.779 mm
0.696
AS5100.5
Cl 8.1.2.2
35.3 mm
42.5 MPa
1502 kN/m
-1502 kN/m
37

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Satisfies F = 0; OK
= 0.8
165 kN/m
Mu = 0.8 * 288
130.1 kN/m

- DNA
-
- E concrete
- E steel
19.7kNm/m
52.218 mm
0.0003190
34800 MPa
200000 MPa
290 kN/m
Reinforcement Force
-290 kN/m
Satisfies F ~ 0; OK
34 kNm/m

Satisfies Maximum allowable stress > Maximum stress under DL + LL;
OK
108 MPa
280 MPa
320 MPa
320 MPa
AS5100.5
T 8.6.1 (A)
T 8.6.1 (B)
20 MPa
111 MPa
280 MPa
320 MPa
AS5100.5
T 8.6.1 (A)
T 8.6.1 (B)

-
Maximum SLS bending moment (DL only)

Maximum reinforcement tensile stress
Maximum allowable stress
Maximum allowable stress
Governing allowable stress
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Satisfies Maximum allowable stress > Maximum stress under DL only;
OK
Page No: 39
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320 MPa

191.2 kN/m
AS5100.5
Cl 8.2
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1 = 1.1 * (1.6 - d0/1000) 1.1
2
3
bv
do
Ast
fc
Vuc = 1 * 2 * 3 * bv * d0 * ((Ast * f'c)/(bv * d0))(1/3)
1.1
1.0
1.0
1000 mm
141 mm
2513 mm2
50 MPa
149.3 kN/m

Vu.min = Vuc + 0.6 * bv * d0
= 0.7
Vu.min = 0.7 * 274.1
233.9kN/m
163.7 kN/m
Vu > V*; OK
500 mm
Diameter
Number of legs
Area
350 mm2/m
16 mm
2 per metre
width
402.1 mm2/m
Crack Control of Slab

a) Ast.min 3ks * Act/fs
Ks = 0.6
Act = 1000 * (200 DNA)
= 124 709 mm2
fs = 210 MPa
Ast.min 1068.93 mm2
OK
b) Centre to centre spacing of bars = 80mm < min (2.0 * Ds,
300mm), OK
c) Load effects considered for serviceability limit state loads
AS5100.5
Cl 9.4.1
Ast.min 1068.93
mm2
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e) fscr < 210 MPa

f) fscr < 0.8 * fsy
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Calculations
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Results
Reference
Revised Footing
fc
fcf = 0.6 * fc0.5
D
B
Z = BD2/6
Assumed cover
Stirrups
50 MPa
4.243 MPa
900 mm
2800 mm
3.78x108 mm3
70 mm
16 mm
1924.5 kNm

971.6 kNm/m
-847.2 kNm/m
AS5100.5
Cl 8.1.4
(Muo)min governs
M* = (Muo)min/2.8
687.31 kNm/m

Ast = r2 * 1/0.08
2094 mm2/m
DNA
= [0.85 0.007 * (fc 28)| 0.65 0.85]

Stress block depth
Concrete force
Reinforcement force
60.31 mm
0.696
42.5 MPa
41.8 mm
1776.5 kN/m
-1776.5 kN/m
AS5100.5
Cl 8.1.2.2
Satisfies F = 0; OK
= 0.8
Mu = 0.8 * 2689.4
2689.4 kN/m
2151.52 kN/m
42

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SLS design bending moment (DL + LL) = -510.7/3
719.1kNm/m

- DNA
-
- E concrete
- E steel
140.30 mm
0.00021
34800 MPa
200000 MPa
513.2 kN/m
Reinforcement Force
-513 kN/m

250 kNm/m

Satisfies Maximum allowable stress > Maximum stress under DL +
LL; OK
184 MPa
240 MPa
280 MPa
280 MPa
AS5100.5
T 8.6.1 (A)
T 8.6.1 (B)
88 kNm/m
76 MPa
240 MPa
280 MPa
280 MPa
AS5100.5
T 8.6.1 (A)
T 8.6.1 (B)

- Maximum SLS bending moment (DL/2.8m)
Satisfies Maximum allowable stress > Maximum stress under DL
only; OK
43

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Calculation
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Result
Minimum steel cross-sectional area
Reference
AS 5100.5
Cl 10.7.1
Ast 0.01 * Ag
Where Ast is the area of steel
Ag is the gross area of concrete
Ag = 0.25 * * d2
= 636172.5 mm2
Where d = 900 mm, the diamter of the column
Ast = 0.01 * 636172.5 mm2
Therefore, the minimum area of steel required must be 6361.73
mm2
Try 16N24 steel bars
Ast = 16 * * 122
= 7238.23 mm2 < 0.04Ag
16N24 bars
Spacing of ties and helices

Dc = 900 mm
15 * db = 15 * 24 = 360 mm
AS 5100.5
Cl 10.7.3.3
> 300 mm
> 300 mm
Therefore the spacing between the helices is 300 mm
Stress development length

AS 5100.5
Cl 13.1.3
Lsy.c = 20 * db
= 20 * 24 = 480 mm
AS 5100.5
Cl 13.2.5 (c)
Minimum lap length for spliced bars

For Fsy > 400 MPa
(0.125 * fsy 22) * db = (0.125 * 500 22) * 24
= 972 mm
Min lap length

= 972 mm
980 mm
Atr/s nAb/3400
Atr/s = (( * 122)/4)/300 = 0.377
nAb/3400 = (16 * ( * 242)/4)/3400 = 2.129
44

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Design ULS Shear Force V*/2.8m
36.86 kN/m

1 = 1.1 * (1.6 - d0/1000) 1.1
2
3
bv
do
Ast
fc
Vuc = 1 * 2 * 3 * bv * d0 * ((Ast * f'c)/(bv * d0))(1/3)
1.1
1.0
1.0
1000 mm
804 mm
2094 mm2
50 MPa
448.3 kN/m
AS5100.5
Cl 8.2

Vu.min = Vuc + 0.6 * bv * d0
= 0.7
Vu.min = 0.7 * 274.1
930.7 kN/m
651.5 kN/m
Vu > V*; OK
500
Diameter
Number of legs
Area
350 mm2/m
16 mm
2 per metre
width
402.1 mm2/m
AS 5100.5
Cl 8.2.5 (a)
45

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4.0
DESIGN OUTPUTS
4.1
General
A summary of the design outputs for the bridge is included with this report in Attachment C
4.2
Finite Element Analysis Results

Results of the finite element analysis are summarised in the Attachments. Bending
moments, shear forces, axial loads, and deflections are plotted for the loads and
combinations described in Sections 2.2 and 2.3.
4.3
Cross Section and Reinforcement Design

The cross section and reinforcement design is included in section 3.0 Calculations.
4.4
Design Output Index

Footings
For longitudinal reinforcement in the footing (per three metre width), for the compressive
face of the footing 22 N24 bars at 135 mm spacing were used and in the tensile face we use
22 N20 bars, also at 135 mm spacing.
For transverse reinforcement, N20 bars were used in the top face and N24 bars were used in
the bottom face. 260 mm spacing was used for the length of the footing.
For shear reinforcement, only the minimum shear reinforcement was required which was 2
legs at 16 mm diameter per metre width.
Output can be seen in Attachment C, Submission 1 - FOOTING FRONT VIEW, SIDE VIEW
FOOTING SECTION AB, FOOTING SIDE VIEW SECTION BC, CD & DE, FOOTING SIDE VIEW
SECTION EF.
Columns
The columns will be reinforced with 16N24 500N bars, arranged as shown in Figure 5.3.2 and
5.3.3 in Attachment C. The bars will be tied together by 12mm bars in a helical matrix, with a
spacing of 300mm and, in the construction, will satisfy Clause 10.7.3.3. The results of the
finite element analysis can be found in Section 4.2 of this report.
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Headstock
For the longitudinal reinforcement, 17 N24 bars were used at 115 mm spacing. For the shear
reinforcement, it was 2 N16 stirrups per metre width.
Output can be seen in Attachment C: HEADING FRONT VIEW, HEADSTOCK SIDE VIEW
SECTION AB, HEADSTOCK SIDE VIEW SECTION BC, CD & DE, FOOTING SIDE VIEW
SECTION EF.
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Attachment A - Substructure Frame Model

ULS Max Support: Shear Force 2
Bending Moment 2
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Axial Force
50

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ULS Minimum Support: Shear Force 2
51

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Bending Moment 2
52

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Axial Force
53

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Serviceability: Shear Force 2
54

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Bending Moment 2
55

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Axial Force
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SLS: Bending Moment 2
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Bending Moment 1
Shear Force 2
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Shear Force 1
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Axial Force
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Torque
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ULS: Bending Moment 2
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Shear Force 2
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Torque
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Axial Force
65

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Shear Force 1
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Bending Moment 1
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Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
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Design Practice A
Design Report
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Design Practice A
Design Report
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Design Practice A
Design Report
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71

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Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 72
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HEADSTOCKS (SLS)
72

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CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 73
Revision No: 0
ULS: Headstock
3000 Bending Moment Diagram
2000
Bending Moment, kNm
1000
0
-40
-30
-20
-10
10
20
30
40
-1000
-2000
-3000
ULS Max Support
-4000
ULS: Headstock
Shear Force Diagram
5000
4000
3000
Sher Force, kN
2000
1000
0
-40
-30
-20
-10
-1000
10
20
30
40
-2000
-3000
-4000
-5000
ULS Max Support
73

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 74
Revision No: 0
Location of Maximum design actions:

Equivalent square section side length
798 mm2
Effective depth at support, assume 70 cover, 20 mm trasverse bars, 24 dia longitudinal bars
Effective depth = 1700 - 70 - 20 -24/2 =
1598 mm
Critical section distance from column CL:
Bending at support: 0.15D from face =
279 mm from centre
1997 mm from centre
Design actions, M* and V* (axial force is small and is neglected for design purposes)
X
ULS
SLS DL + LL
Positive Bending moment (mid-span)
-1662.9
Negative bending moment
0.00
-2143.5
1.40
-1662.9
Design section
0.279
-2047.7
SLS DL only
444.9 kNm
-395.8 kNm
54.1 kNm
-306.1 kNm
74

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
SLS; DL + LL
Beam No
Beam 8: 0.0 m
Beam 8: 0.2 m
Beam 8: 0.5 m
Beam 8: 0.7 m
Beam 8: 0.9 m
Beam 8: 1.2 m
Beam 9: 0.0 m
Beam 9: 0.0 m
Beam 9: 0.1 m
Beam 9: 0.1 m
Beam 9: 0.2 m
Beam 9: 0.2 m
Beam 10: 0.0 m
Beam 10: 0.3 m
Beam 10: 0.7 m
Beam 10: 1.0 m
Beam 10: 1.4 m
Beam 10: 1.7 m
Beam 11: 0.0 m
Beam 11: 0.3 m
Beam 11: 0.7 m
Beam 11: 1.0 m
Beam 11: 1.4 m
Beam 11: 1.7 m
Beam 12: 0.0 m
Beam 12: 0.0 m
Beam 12: 0.1 m
Beam 12: 0.1 m
Beam 12: 0.2 m
Beam 12: 0.2 m
Beam 13: 0.0 m
Beam 13: 0.4 m
Beam 13: 0.8 m
Beam 13: 1.2 m
Beam 13: 1.6 m
Beam 13: 1.9 m
Beam 14: 0.0 m
Beam 14: 0.2 m
Beam 14: 0.5 m
Beam 14: 0.7 m
Beam 14: 1.0 m
X
-29.25
-29.05
-28.75
-28.55
-28.35
-28.05
-28.05
-28.05
-27.95
-27.85
-27.65
-27.45
-27.45
-27.15
-26.45
-25.45
-24.05
-22.35
-22.35
-22.05
-21.35
-20.35
-18.95
-17.25
-17.25
-17.25
-17.15
-17.05
-16.85
-16.65
-16.65
-16.25
-15.45
-14.25
-12.65
-10.75
-10.75
-10.55
-10.05
-9.35
-8.35
Shear Force
2
0
-18.6
-37.2
-55.8
-74.4
-93
-2044
-2040
-2036.1
-2032.1
-2028.1
-2024.2
844.5
817.3
790.2
763
735.9
708.7
-888.7
-916
-943.3
-970.6
-997.8
-1025.1
1773.3
1769.4
1765.6
1761.8
1757.9
1754.1
411
379.9
348.8
317.7
286.5
255.4
-938.3
-957.8
-977.3
-996.7
-1016.2
1035.3
84
-2143.5
43
Bending Axial Force
Moment 2
0
0
-2.2
0.6
-8.7
1.1
-19.5
1.7
-34.6
2.2
-54.1
2.8
558.7
143.9
457.4
143.8
356.3
143.7
255.3
143.6
154.6
143.5
54.1
143.4
-871.3
-8.5
-589.3
-7.7
-316.6
-6.9
-53.1
-6.1
201.2
-5.3
446.3
-4.5
446.3
115.1
138.7
115.9
-178.3
116.7
-504.5
117.5
-840.1
118.4
-1185
119.2
-1533.7
-40.4
-1448.6
-40.3
-1363.8
-40.2
-1279.1
-40.1
-1194.6
-40
-1110.2
-39.8
-1110.2
62.4
-956.4
63.3
-814.7
64.2
-685.1
65.2
-567.6
66.1
-462.2
67
-462.2
159.4
-692.8
160
-928.3
160.6
-1168.4
161.2
-1413.3
161.8
Page No: 75
Revision No: 0
SLS; DL only
Beam No
Beam 8: 0.0 m
Beam 8: 0.2 m
Beam 8: 0.5 m
Beam 8: 0.7 m
Beam 8: 0.9 m
Beam 8: 1.2 m
Beam 9: 0.0 m
Beam 9: 0.0 m
Beam 9: 0.1 m
Beam 9: 0.1 m
Beam 9: 0.2 m
Beam 9: 0.2 m
Beam 10: 0.0 m
Beam 10: 0.3 m
Beam 10: 0.7 m
Beam 10: 1.0 m
Beam 10: 1.4 m
Beam 10: 1.7 m
Beam 11: 0.0 m
Beam 11: 0.3 m
Beam 11: 0.7 m
Beam 11: 1.0 m
Beam 11: 1.4 m
Beam 11: 1.7 m
Beam 12: 0.0 m
Beam 12: 0.0 m
Beam 12: 0.1 m
Beam 12: 0.1 m
Beam 12: 0.2 m
Beam 12: 0.2 m
Beam 13: 0.0 m
Beam 13: 0.4 m
Beam 13: 0.8 m
Beam 13: 1.2 m
Beam 13: 1.6 m
Beam 13: 1.9 m
Beam 14: 0.0 m
Beam 14: 0.2 m
Beam 14: 0.5 m
Beam 14: 0.7 m
Beam 14: 1.0 m
X
-29.25
-29.05
-28.75
-28.55
-28.35
-28.05
-28.05
-28.05
-27.95
-27.85
-27.65
-27.45
-27.45
-27.15
-26.45
-25.45
-24.05
-22.35
-22.35
-22.05
-21.35
-20.35
-18.95
-17.25
-17.25
-17.25
-17.15
-17.05
-16.85
-16.65
-16.65
-16.25
-15.45
-14.25
-12.65
-10.75
-10.75
-10.55
-10.05
-9.35
-8.35
Shear Force
2
0
-18.6
-37.2
-55.8
-74.4
-93
-1022.5
-1018.5
-1014.6
-1010.6
-1006.6
-1002.7
657.3
630.1
603
575.8
548.7
521.5
-388.1
-415.4
-442.7
-470
-497.2
-524.5
1288.3
1284.4
1280.6
1276.7
1272.9
1269.1
359.4
328.3
297.2
266.1
234.9
203.8
-705.8
-725.3
-744.7
-764.2
-783.7
627.5
67
-395.8
13
Bending Axial Force
Moment 2
0
0
-2.2
0.5
-8.7
1.1
-19.5
1.6
-34.6
2.2
-54.1
2.7
305.3
28.8
254.6
28.7
204.2
28.6
154
28.5
103.9
28.3
54.1
28.2
-395.8
-39
-177.4
-38.2
31.9
-37.4
231.9
-36.6
422.7
-35.9
604.2
-35.1
604.2
-8.7
467.3
-7.9
321
-7.1
165.4
-6.3
0.5
-5.5
-173.7
-4.7
-232.8
-70.4
-171
-70.3
-109.5
-70.1
-48.1
-70
13.2
-69.9
74.2
-69.8
74.2
-43.4
208
-42.5
329.6
-41.6
439.2
-40.6
536.6
-39.7
621.9
-38.8
621.9
-12
447.8
-11.4
269
-10.8
85.4
-10.3
-102.9
-9.7
75

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CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
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1.2 m
0.0 m
0.1 m
0.3 m
0.4 m
0.6 m
0.7 m
0.0 m
0.4 m
0.8 m
1.2 m
1.5 m
1.6 m
1.9 m
0.0 m
0.1 m
0.3 m
0.4 m
0.6 m
0.7 m
0.0 m
0.2 m
0.5 m
0.7 m
1.0 m
1.2 m
0.0 m
0.4 m
0.8 m
1.2 m
1.6 m
1.9 m
0.0 m
0.0 m
0.1 m
0.1 m
0.2 m
0.2 m
0.0 m
0.3 m
0.7 m
1.0 m
1.4 m
1.7 m
0.0 m
0.3 m
0.7 m
1.0 m
1.4 m
1.7 m
0.0 m
0.0 m
0.1 m
0.1 m
0.2 m
0.2 m
0.0 m
0.2 m
0.5 m
0.7 m
0.9 m
1.2 m
-7.15
-7.15
-7.05
-6.75
-6.35
-5.75
-5.05
-5.05
-4.65
-3.85
-2.65
-1.05
0.85
2.75
2.75
2.85
3.15
3.55
4.15
4.85
4.85
5.05
5.55
6.25
7.25
8.45
8.45
8.85
9.65
10.85
12.45
14.35
14.35
14.35
14.45
14.55
14.75
14.95
14.95
15.25
15.95
16.95
18.35
20.05
20.05
20.35
21.05
22.05
23.45
25.15
25.15
25.15
25.25
25.35
25.55
25.75
25.75
25.95
26.45
27.15
28.05
29.25
-1035.7
1573.8
1562.2
1550.5
1538.9
1527.2
1515.5
377.6
346.4
315.3
284.2
253.1
221.9
-929.1
-940.8
-952.4
-964.1
-975.7
-987.4
1493.8
1474.3
1454.8
1435.4
1415.9
1396.4
184.7
153.6
122.4
91.3
60.2
29.1
-1274.7
-1278.6
-1282.4
-1286.3
-1290.1
-1293.9
1098.9
1071.7
1044.4
1017.1
989.8
962.5
-493.5
-520.6
-547.8
-574.9
-602.1
-629.2
1781
1777
1773.1
1769.1
1765.1
1761.1
93
74.4
55.8
37.2
18.6
9
0
-1662.9
-2143.5
-1915.2
-1688.5
-1463.5
-1240.2
-1018.6
-1018.6
-877.7
-749
-632.5
-528
-435.6
-435.6
-571.8
-709.6
-849.2
-990.5
-1133.5
-1736.2
-1375.1
-1018.8
-667.2
-320.4
21.8
21.8
87.5
141.2
182.8
212.3
229.6
229.6
168.3
106.8
45.1
-16.7
-78.8
-721.8
-351.8
8.9
360.4
702.5
1035.3
1035.3
863.2
682
491.5
291.8
82.9
-493.5
-405.2
-317.1
-229.3
-141.6
-54.1
-54.1
-34.6
-19.5
-8.7
-2.2
-1.1
0
162.4
-19.6
-19.3
-18.9
-18.6
-18.2
-17.9
69.7
70.6
71.5
72.5
73.4
74.3
163
163.3
163.6
164
164.3
164.7
-37.9
-37.3
-36.8
-36.2
-35.6
-35.1
68.1
67.2
66.3
65.4
64.5
63.6
86.6
86.5
86.4
86.3
86.2
86.1
15.4
14.6
13.9
13.1
12.3
11.5
36
35.2
34.5
33.7
32.9
32.1
-17.9
-18
-18.2
-18.3
-18.4
-18.5
2.7
2.1
1.6
1.1
0.5
0.2
0
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1.2 m
0.0 m
0.1 m
0.3 m
0.4 m
0.6 m
0.7 m
0.0 m
0.4 m
0.8 m
1.2 m
1.5 m
1.6 m
1.9 m
0.0 m
0.1 m
0.3 m
0.4 m
0.6 m
0.7 m
0.0 m
0.2 m
0.5 m
0.7 m
1.0 m
1.2 m
0.0 m
0.4 m
0.8 m
1.2 m
1.6 m
1.9 m
0.0 m
0.0 m
0.1 m
0.1 m
0.2 m
0.2 m
0.0 m
0.3 m
0.7 m
1.0 m
1.4 m
1.7 m
0.0 m
0.3 m
0.7 m
1.0 m
1.4 m
1.7 m
0.0 m
0.0 m
0.1 m
0.1 m
0.2 m
0.2 m
0.0 m
0.2 m
0.5 m
0.7 m
0.9 m
1.2 m
-7.15
-7.15
-7.05
-6.75
-6.35
-5.75
-5.05
-5.05
-4.65
-3.85
-2.65
-1.05
0.85
2.75
2.75
2.85
3.15
3.55
4.15
4.85
4.85
5.05
5.55
6.25
7.25
8.45
8.45
8.85
9.65
10.85
12.45
14.35
14.35
14.35
14.45
14.55
14.75
14.95
14.95
15.25
15.95
16.95
18.35
20.05
20.05
20.35
21.05
22.05
23.45
25.15
25.15
25.15
25.25
25.35
25.55
25.75
25.75
25.95
26.45
27.15
28.05
29.25
-803.1
1047.3
1035.6
1024
1012.3
1000.6
989
79.3
48.2
17.1
0
-14
-45.1
-76.3
-985.9
-997.5
-1009.2
-1020.8
-1032.5
-1044.1
801.4
781.9
762.5
743
723.5
704.1
-203.7
-234.8
-265.9
-297.1
-328.2
-359.3
-1268.9
-1272.8
-1276.6
-1280.5
-1284.3
-1288.1
522.8
495.5
468.2
440.9
413.7
386.4
-523.3
-550.4
-577.6
-604.7
-631.9
-659
1022.4
1018.4
1014.4
1010.5
1006.5
1002.5
93
74.4
55.8
37.2
18.6
0
-295.9
-315.7
-164
-14
134.3
280.9
425.8
425.8
450.6
463.4
465.2
464
452.4
428.8
428.8
284.4
138.2
-9.6
-159.2
-310.4
-288.2
-95.6
92.3
275.5
453.9
627.5
627.5
542.2
444.9
335.4
213.8
80.1
80.1
19
-42.2
-103.6
-165.2
-226.9
-167.3
6.3
170.6
325.6
471.2
607.6
607.6
425.5
234.1
33.5
-176.3
-395.4
-305.3
-254.6
-204.2
-154
-103.9
-54.1
-54.1
-34.6
-19.5
-8.7
-2.2
0
76
-9.1
-67.3
-67
-66.6
-66.3
-66
-65.6
-39.4
-38.5
-37.6
-37.1
-36.7
-35.8
-34.9
-8.7
-8.3
-8
-7.6
-7.3
-7
-55.3
-54.8
-54.2
-53.7
-53.1
-52.5
-38.2
-39.1
-40
-41
-41.9
-42.8
-69.2
-69.3
-69.4
-69.5
-69.7
-69.8
-4.3
-5.1
-5.9
-6.7
-7.5
-8.3
-34.7
-35.4
-36.2
-37
-37.8
-38.6
32.9
32.8
32.7
32.5
32.4
32.3
2.7
2.2
1.6
1.1
0.5
0

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 77
Revision No: 0
HEADSTOCK (ULS)
ULS: Headstock
3000 Bending Moment Diagram
2000
Bending Moment, kNm
1000
0
-40
-30
-20
-10
10
20
30
40
-1000
-2000
-3000
ULS Max Support
-4000
ULS: Headstock
Shear Force Diagram
5000
4000
3000
Sher Force, kN
2000
1000
0
-40
-30
-20
-10
-1000
10
20
30
40
-2000
-3000
-4000
-5000
ULS Max Support
77

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 78
Revision No: 0

798 mm2
Effective depth = 1700 - 70 - 20 -24/2 =
1598 mm
279 mm from centre
1997 mm from centre
X
ULS
Positive Bending moment (mid-span)
2372.3
Negative bending moment
0.00
-2949.4
1.60
-2501.6
Design section
0.279
-2871.3
Shear Force
Design section
1.997
-1437.2
kNm
kNm
kNm
kNm
kN
78

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
4229.1
2372.3
25
18
ULS; maximum support stiffness
-4000.7
-2057.8
7
60
Shear Force Bending
Beam No
X
2
Moment 2
Beam 8: 0.0 m
-29.25
0
0
Beam 8: 0.2 m
-29.05
-22.3
-2.6
Beam 8: 0.5 m
-28.75
-44.6
-10.4
Beam 8: 0.7 m
-28.55
-67
-23.4
Beam 8: 0.9 m
-28.35
-89.3
-41.5
Beam 8: 1.2 m
-28.05
-111.6
-64.9
Beam 9: 0.0 m
-28.05
-4000.7
1054.5
Beam 9: 0.0 m
-28.05
-3995.9
856.1
Beam 9: 0.1 m
-27.95
-3991.2
657.9
Beam 9: 0.1 m
-27.85
-3986.4
460
Beam 9: 0.2 m
-27.65
-3981.6
262.3
Beam 9: 0.2 m
-27.45
-3976.9
64.9
Beam 10: 0.0 m
-27.45
2165.4
-1163.5
Beam 10: 0.3 m
-27.15
2132.8
-434.3
Beam 10: 0.7 m
-26.45
2100.2
284
Beam 10: 1.0 m
-25.45
2067.7
991.1
Beam 10: 1.4 m
-24.05
2035.1
1687.3
Beam 10: 1.7 m
-22.35
2002.5
2372.3
Beam 11: 0.0 m
-22.35
-1694.3
2372.3
Beam 11: 0.3 m
-22.05
-1727.1
1789.1
Beam 11: 0.7 m
-21.35
-1759.8
1194.6
Beam 11: 1.0 m
-20.35
-1792.6
589
Beam 11: 1.4 m
-18.95
-1825.3
-27.7
Beam 11: 1.7 m
-17.25
-1858
-655.6
Beam 12: 0.0 m
-17.25
4229.1
-643.3
Beam 12: 0.0 m
-17.25
4224.5
-440.4
Beam 12: 0.1 m
-17.15
4219.9
-237.6
Beam 12: 0.1 m
-17.05
4215.2
-35.1
Beam 12: 0.2 m
-16.85
4210.6
167.2
Beam 12: 0.2 m
-16.65
4206
369.3
Beam 13: 0.0 m
-16.65
739.1
369.3
Beam 13: 0.4 m
-16.25
701.8
649.5
Beam 13: 0.8 m
-15.45
664.4
915.2
Beam 13: 1.2 m
-14.25
627.1
1166.4
Beam 13: 1.6 m
-12.65
589.7
1403
Beam 13: 1.9 m
-10.75
552.4
1625.2
Beam 14: 0.0 m
-10.75
-2634.2
1625.2
Beam 14: 0.2 m
-10.55
-2657.6
981.4
Beam 14: 0.5 m
-10.05
-2681
331.9
Beam 14: 0.7 m
-9.35
-2704.3
-323.2
Beam 14: 1.0 m
-8.35
-2727.7
-984
Beam 14: 1.2 m
-7.15
-2751
-1650.5
Beam 15: 0.0 m
-7.15
2803.1
-1571.2
Beam 15: 0.1 m
-7.05
2789.1
-1164
Beam 15: 0.3 m
-6.75
2775.1
-758.7
Beam 15: 0.4 m
-6.35
2761.1
-355.5
Beam 15: 0.6 m
-5.75
2747.1
45.7
Beam 15: 0.7 m
-5.05
2733.2
444.8
Beam 16: 0.0 m
-5.05
-122.8
444.8
Beam 16: 0.4 m
-4.65
-160.2
389.8
Beam 16: 0.8 m
-3.85
-197.5
320.2
Beam 16: 1.2 m
-2.65
-234.9
236.1
Beam 16: 1.6 m
-1.05
-272.2
137.5
Beam 16: 1.8 m
0.85
-309.6
24.3
Page No: 79
Revision No: 0
ULS; minimum support stiffness

Axial Force
0
0.7
1.3
2
2.6
3.3
113.2
113.1
113
112.8
112.7
112.6
-87.1
-86.1
-85.2
-84.2
-83.3
-82.3
25.7
26.6
27.6
28.5
29.5
30.5
-145.4
-145.2
-145.1
-145
-144.8
-144.7
-43.1
-42
-40.9
-39.8
-38.7
-37.6
57.3
58
58.7
59.4
60.1
60.8
-86.6
-86.2
-85.8
-85.4
-85
-84.6
-1.5
-0.4
0.7
1.8
2.9
4
Beam No
Beam 8
Beam 8: 0.2 m
Beam 8: 0.5 m
Beam 8: 0.7 m
Beam 8: 0.9 m
Beam 8: 1.2 m
Beam 9: 0.0 m
Beam 9: 0.0 m
Beam 9: 0.1 m
Beam 9: 0.1 m
Beam 9: 0.2 m
Beam 9: 0.2 m
Beam 10: 0.0 m
Beam 10: 0.3 m
Beam 10: 0.7 m
Beam 10: 1.0 m
Beam 10: 1.4 m
Beam 10: 1.7 m
Beam 11: 0.0 m
Beam 11: 0.3 m
Beam 11: 0.7 m
Beam 11: 1.0 m
Beam 11: 1.4 m
Beam 11: 1.7 m
Beam 12: 0.0 m
Beam 12: 0.0 m
Beam 12: 0.1 m
Beam 12: 0.1 m
Beam 12: 0.2 m
Beam 12: 0.2 m
Beam 13: 0.0 m
Beam 13: 0.4 m
Beam 13: 0.8 m
Beam 13: 1.2 m
Beam 13: 1.6 m
Beam 13: 1.9 m
Beam 14: 0.0 m
Beam 14: 0.2 m
Beam 14: 0.5 m
Beam 14: 0.7 m
Beam 14: 1.0 m
Beam 14: 1.2 m
Beam 15: 0.0 m
Beam 15: 0.1 m
Beam 15: 0.3 m
Beam 15: 0.4 m
Beam 15: 0.6 m
Beam 15: 0.7 m
Beam 16: 0.0 m
Beam 16: 0.4 m
Beam 16: 0.8 m
Beam 16: 1.2 m
Beam 16: 1.6 m
Beam 16: 1.9 m
X
-29.25
-29.05
-28.75
-28.55
-28.35
-28.05
-28.05
-28.05
-27.95
-27.85
-27.65
-27.45
-27.45
-27.15
-26.45
-25.45
-24.05
-22.35
-22.35
-22.05
-21.35
-20.35
-18.95
-17.25
-17.25
-17.25
-17.15
-17.05
-16.85
-16.65
-16.65
-16.25
-15.45
-14.25
-12.65
-10.75
-10.75
-10.55
-10.05
-9.35
-8.35
-7.15
-7.15
-7.05
-6.75
-6.35
-5.75
-5.05
-5.05
-4.65
-3.85
-2.65
-1.05
0.85
2392.7
1233.5
91
84
-2799.9
-2949.4
7
43
Shear Force Bending Axial Force
2
Moment 2
0
0
0
-22.3
-2.6
0.7
-44.6
-10.4
1.3
-67
-23.4
2
-89.3
-41.5
2.7
-111.6
-64.9
3.4
-2799.9
756.6
166.3
-2795.1
617.8
166.1
-2790.3
479.2
166
-2785.6
340.8
165.9
-2780.8
202.7
165.7
-2776
64.9
165.6
1029.8
-965.3
9.7
997.2
-621.4
10.7
964.6
-288.6
11.7
932
33.2
12.6
899.4
344
13.6
866.8
643.6
14.6
-1284
643.6
151.1
-1316.7
200.3
152.1
-1349.5
-254.2
153.1
-1382.2
-719.9
154.1
-1414.9
-1196.8
155.1
-1447.7
-1684.8
156.1
2178.3
-1932.9
-5.5
2173.7
-1828.4
-5.4
2169.1
-1724.2
-5.3
2164.5
-1620.1
-5.1
2159.9
-1516.3
-5
2155.2
-1412.7
-4.9
395.9
-1412.7
110.1
358.6
-1265.9
111.2
321.2
-1133.7
112.3
283.9
-1016.1
113.4
246.5
-912.9
114.6
209.2
-824.3
115.7
-1320.4
-824.3
218.5
-1343.8
-1148.4
219.2
-1367.1
-1478.2
219.9
-1390.5
-1813.6
220.6
-1413.8
-2154.8
221.3
-1437.2
-2501.6
222
1932.2
-2949.4
25.1
1918.2
-2669
25.5
1904.3
-2390.6
25.9
1890.3
-2114.3
26.3
1876.3
-1839.9
26.8
1862.3
-1567.7
27.2
418.6
-1567.7
123.9
381.2
-1412.1
125
343.9
-1271.1
126.1
306.5
-1144.6
127.2
269.2
-1032.6
128.3
231.8
-935.2
129.5
79

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Beam 16:
Beam 17:
Beam 17:
Beam 17:
Beam 17:
Beam 17:
Beam 17:
Beam 18:
Beam 18:
Beam 18:
Beam 18:
Beam 18:
Beam 18:
Beam 19:
Beam 19:
Beam 19:
Beam 19:
Beam 19:
Beam 19:
Beam 20:
Beam 20:
Beam 20:
Beam 20:
Beam 20:
Beam 20:
Beam 21:
Beam 21:
Beam 21:
Beam 21:
Beam 21:
Beam 21:
Beam 22:
Beam 22:
Beam 22:
Beam 22:
Beam 22:
Beam 22:
Beam 23:
Beam 23:
Beam 23:
Beam 23:
Beam 23:
Beam 23:
Beam 24:
Beam 24:
Beam 24:
Beam 24:
Beam 24:
Beam 24:
1.9 m
0.0 m
0.1 m
0.3 m
0.4 m
0.6 m
0.7 m
0.0 m
0.2 m
0.5 m
0.7 m
1.0 m
1.2 m
0.0 m
0.4 m
0.8 m
1.2 m
1.6 m
1.9 m
0.0 m
0.0 m
0.1 m
0.1 m
0.2 m
0.2 m
0.0 m
0.3 m
0.7 m
1.0 m
1.4 m
1.7 m
0.0 m
0.3 m
0.7 m
1.0 m
1.4 m
1.7 m
0.0 m
0.0 m
0.1 m
0.1 m
0.2 m
0.2 m
0.0 m
0.2 m
0.5 m
0.7 m
0.9 m
1.2 m
2.75
2.75
2.85
3.15
3.55
4.15
4.85
4.85
5.05
5.55
6.25
7.25
8.45
8.45
8.85
9.65
10.85
12.45
14.35
14.35
14.35
14.45
14.55
14.75
14.95
14.95
15.25
15.95
16.95
18.35
20.05
20.05
20.35
21.05
22.05
23.45
25.15
25.15
25.15
25.25
25.35
25.55
25.75
25.75
25.95
26.45
27.15
28.05
29.25
-2823.9
-2837.9
-2851.9
-2865.9
-2879.9
-2893.8
1990.7
1967.3
1943.9
1920.6
1897.2
1873.9
-413.9
-451.2
-488.5
-525.9
-563.2
-600.6
-2848.2
-2852.9
-2857.5
-2862.1
-2866.7
-2871.3
1530.7
1498
1465.2
1432.5
1399.7
1367
-1021
-1053.6
-1086.2
-1118.7
-1151.3
-1183.9
2742.9
2738.1
2733.4
2728.6
2723.8
2719.1
111.6
89.3
67
44.6
22.3
11
0
24.3
-388
-802.4
-1218.9
-1637.3
-2057.8
-2008
-1526.5
-1050.7
-580.5
-116.1
342.6
342.6
174.4
-8.4
-205.7
-417.5
-643.8
-643.8
-780.7
-917.8
-1055.1
-1192.7
-1330.5
-1344
-827.7
-322.5
171.5
654.3
1125.9
1125.9
773.9
410.9
36.8
-348.4
-744.6
-742.5
-606.5
-470.8
-335.2
-199.9
-64.9
-64.9
-41.5
-23.4
-10.4
-2.6
-1
0
77
77.4
77.8
78.2
78.6
79
-53.1
-52.5
-51.8
-51.1
-50.4
-49.8
-7.5
-8.6
-9.7
-10.8
-11.9
-13
-78.1
-78.2
-78.3
-78.5
-78.6
-78.7
45.1
44.1
43.2
42.2
41.3
40.3
-28.9
-29.9
-30.8
-31.7
-32.7
-33.6
88
87.9
87.7
87.6
87.4
87.3
3.2
2.6
1.9
1.3
0.6
0.2
0
Beam 16:
Beam 17:
Beam 17:
Beam 17:
Beam 17:
Beam 17:
Beam 17:
Beam 18:
Beam 18:
Beam 18:
Beam 18:
Beam 18:
Beam 18:
Beam 19:
Beam 19:
Beam 19:
Beam 19:
Beam 19:
Beam 19:
Beam 20:
Beam 20:
Beam 20:
Beam 20:
Beam 20:
Beam 20:
Beam 21:
Beam 21:
Beam 21:
Beam 21:
Beam 21:
Beam 21:
Beam 22:
Beam 22:
Beam 22:
Beam 22:
Beam 22:
Beam 22:
Beam 23:
Beam 23:
Beam 23:
Beam 23:
Beam 23:
Beam 23:
Beam 24:
Beam 24:
Beam 24:
Beam 24:
Beam 24:
Beam 24:
1.9 m
0.0 m
0.1 m
0.3 m
0.4 m
0.6 m
0.7 m
0.0 m
0.2 m
0.5 m
0.7 m
1.0 m
1.2 m
0.0 m
0.4 m
0.8 m
1.2 m
1.6 m
1.9 m
0.0 m
0.0 m
0.1 m
0.1 m
0.2 m
0.2 m
0.0 m
0.3 m
0.7 m
1.0 m
1.4 m
1.7 m
0.0 m
0.3 m
0.7 m
1.0 m
1.4 m
1.7 m
0.0 m
0.0 m
0.1 m
0.1 m
0.2 m
0.2 m
0.0 m
0.2 m
0.5 m
0.7 m
0.9 m
1.2 m
Page No: 80
Revision No: 0
2.75
2.75
2.85
3.15
3.55
4.15
4.85
4.85
5.05
5.55
6.25
7.25
8.45
8.45
8.85
9.65
10.85
12.45
14.35
14.35
14.35
14.45
14.55
14.75
14.95
14.95
15.25
15.95
16.95
18.35
20.05
20.05
20.35
21.05
22.05
23.45
25.15
25.15
25.15
25.25
25.35
25.55
25.75
25.75
25.95
26.45
27.15
28.05
29.25
-1232
-1246
-1260
-1274
-1287.9
-1301.9
1912.8
1889.4
1866.1
1842.7
1819.3
1796
238.1
200.7
163.4
126
88.7
51.3
-1645.7
-1650.3
-1654.9
-1659.5
-1664.1
-1668.8
1465.1
1432.3
1399.6
1366.9
1334.1
1301.4
-629.7
-662.3
-694.9
-727.4
-760
-792.6
2392.7
2387.9
2383.1
2378.4
2373.6
2368.8
111.6
89.3
67
44.6
22.3
11
0
-935.2
-1115.7
-1298.2
-1482.7
-1669.3
-1857.9
-2514
-2051.4
-1594.6
-1143.4
-697.9
-258.1
-258.1
-172.8
-102
-45.7
-3.9
23.3
23.3
-55.8
-135.2
-214.8
-294.6
-374.6
-1124.5
-630.6
-147.8
323.8
784.2
1233.5
1233.5
1014.3
784.1
542.7
290.4
26.9
-655.6
-537
-418.6
-300.5
-182.6
-64.9
-64.9
-41.5
-23.4
-10.4
-2.6
-1
0
227.4
227.8
228.2
228.6
229
229.4
-5.5
-4.8
-4.1
-3.4
-2.7
-2
114.4
113.3
112.2
111.1
110
109
120.7
120.6
120.5
120.3
120.2
120.1
48.2
47.3
46.3
45.4
44.4
43.5
54.3
53.4
52.5
51.5
50.6
49.7
1.5
1.4
1.2
1.1
0.9
0.8
3.2
2.6
1.9
1.3
0.6
0.2
0
80

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 81
Revision No: 0
81

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 82
Revision No: 0
82

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 83
Revision No: 0
COLUMNS
Design actions, M*, V* and N*
Since shear forces are almost constant the design section is taken at the top of the column, where axial force is minimum.
X
Bending moment at base
Bending moment at top
Maximum axial load
Shear Force
Shear at top
ULS
M*
N*
611.0
3130.3
-609.3
3262.7
532.1
5473.0
V*
144.3
N*
3238.6
SLS DL + LL
M*
N*
523.6
2389.7
-522.8
2500.1
SLS DL only
M*
N*
73.6
-1681.0 kNm
68.9
1791.7 kNm
kNm
V*
V*
N*
N*
kN
83

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 84
Revision No: 0
ULS: Column Shear Force Diagram (for max SF &BM)

0.0
0.000
-20.0
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
Sher Force, kN
-40.0
-60.0
-80.0
-100.0
-120.0
-140.0
-160.0
ULS Max Support
-180.0
ULS: Column Bending Moment Diagram (for max SF
&BM)
800.0
Bending Moment, kNm
600.0
400.0
200.0
0.0
0.000
-200.0
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
-400.0
-600.0
ULS Max Support
-800.0
84

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Maximum bending moment and shear
Shear
Bending
Beam No
X
Force 2 Moment 2
61 0.000
-81.8
284.1
61 1.400
-81.9
167.8
61 2.800
-81.9
51.6
61 4.300
-81.9
-64.6
61 5.700
-81.9
-180.9
61 7.100
-81.9
-297.2
Page No: 85
Revision No: 0

Axial
Force
-3999.2
-4024.7
-4050.2
-4075.7
-4101.2
-4126.8
62
62
62
62
62
62
0.000
-83.5
295.9
-3587.6
1.400
-83.5
175.7
-3613.5
2.900
-83.5
55.5
-3639.4
4.300
-83.5
-64.7
-3665.3
5.800
-83.5
-184.9
-3691.1
7.200
-83.5
-305.1
-3717.0
63
63
63
63
63
63
0.000
-106.2
386.2
-3208.5
1.500
-106.2
231.3
-3234.7
2.900
-106.2
76.3
-3261.0
4.400
-106.2
-78.7
-3287.2
5.800
-106.2
-233.7
-3313.4
7.300
-106.2
-388.7
-3339.7
64
64
64
64
64
64
0.000
-127.0
473.2
-3105.7
1.500
-127.0
285.3
-3132.3
3.000
-127.0
97.5
-3158.9
4.400
-127.0
-90.4
-3185.4
5.900
-127.0
-278.3
-3212.0
7.400
-127.0
-466.3
-3238.6
65
65
65
65
65
65
0.000
-135.5
502.1
-3175.4
1.500
-135.5
302.4
-3201.9
2.900
-135.5
102.7
-3228.4
4.400
-135.5
-97.0
-3254.9
5.900
-135.5
-296.7
-3281.3
7.400
-135.6
-496.5
-3307.8
66
66
66
66
66
66
0.000
-120.3
446.4
-3292.0
1.500
-120.3
271.5
-3318.1
2.900
-120.3
96.6
-3344.3
4.400
-120.3
-78.3
-3370.4
5.800
-120.3
-253.3
-3396.5
7.300
-120.4
-428.3
-3422.7
Beam No
61
61
61
61
61
61

2
Moment 2
0.000
-48.4
168.2
-3832.5
1.400
-48.4
99.4
-3858.0
2.800
-48.5
30.6
-3883.5
4.300
-48.5
-38.2
-3909.0
5.700
-48.5
-107.1
-3934.5
7.100
-48.5
-176.0
-3960.1
62
62
62
62
62
62
0.000
-56.3
200.9
-3629.2
1.400
-56.4
119.8
-3655.0
2.900
-56.4
38.7
-3680.9
4.300
-56.4
-42.5
-3706.8
5.800
-56.4
-123.7
-3732.7
7.200
-56.5
-205.0
-3758.5
63
63
63
63
63
63
0.000
-99.9
364.0
-3373.8
1.500
-99.9
218.2
-3400.0
2.900
-100.0
72.3
-3426.3
4.400
-100.0
-73.6
-3452.5
5.800
-100.0
-219.5
-3478.7
7.300
-100.0
-365.5
-3505.0
64
64
64
64
64
64
0.000
-144.2
535.1
-3220.1
1.500
-144.2
321.8
-3246.7
3.000
-144.2
108.5
-3273.2
4.400
-144.2
-104.9
-3299.8
5.900
-144.3
-318.3
-3326.4
7.400
-144.3
-531.8
-3353.0
65
65
65
65
65
65
0.000
-165.6
611.0
-3130.3
1.500
-165.6
367.0
-3156.8
2.900
-165.6
123.0
-3183.3
4.400
-165.6
-121.1
-3209.8
5.900
-165.7
-365.2
-3236.3
7.400
-165.7
-609.3
-3262.7
66
66
66
66
66
66
0.000
-150.2
556.6
-3182.2
1.500
-150.2
338.2
-3208.4
2.900
-150.2
119.8
-3234.5
4.400
-150.3
-98.7
-3260.6
5.800
-150.3
-317.2
-3286.7
7.300
-150.3
-535.7
-3312.9
85

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 86
Revision No: 0
ULS: Column Axial Force Diagram (for max Axial Load)

0.0
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
-1000.0
Axial Force, kN
-2000.0
-3000.0
-4000.0
-5000.0
-6000.0
ULS Max Support
-7000.0
150.0
ULS: Column Bending Moment Diagram (for max Axial

Load)
Bending Moment, kNm
100.0
50.0
0.0
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
-50.0
-100.0
ULS Max Support
-150.0
86

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Maximum axial load
Shear
Bending
Beam No
X
Force 2 Moment 2
61 0.000
-25.3
88.0
61 1.400
-25.3
52.0
61 2.800
-25.4
16.0
61 4.300
-25.4
-20.0
61 5.700
-25.4
-56.0
61 7.100
-25.4
-92.0
Page No: 87
Revision No: 0

Axial
Force
-6169.3
-6194.8
-6220.4
-6245.9
-6271.4
-6296.9
62
62
62
62
62
62
0.000
2.1
-10.6
-6089.6
1.400
2.1
-7.5
-6115.5
2.900
2.1
-4.5
-6141.4
4.300
2.1
-1.5
-6167.3
5.800
2.1
1.5
-6193.1
7.200
2.1
4.5
-6219.0
63
63
63
63
63
63
0.000
15.4
-66.6
-5556.0
1.500
15.4
-44.2
-5582.3
2.900
15.4
-21.7
-5608.5
4.400
15.4
0.8
-5634.7
5.800
15.4
23.3
-5661.0
7.300
15.4
45.7
-5687.2
64
64
64
64
64
64
0.000
8.9
-42.6
-4886.3
1.500
8.9
-29.4
-4912.9
3.000
8.9
-16.2
-4939.5
4.400
8.9
-3.0
-4966.1
5.900
8.9
10.1
-4992.6
7.400
8.9
23.3
-5019.2
65
65
65
65
65
65
0.000
-4.8
9.4
-4403.7
1.500
-4.8
2.3
-4430.2
2.900
-4.8
-4.8
-4456.7
4.400
-4.8
-11.8
-4483.2
5.900
-4.8
-18.9
-4509.7
7.400
-4.8
-26.0
-4536.2
66
66
66
66
66
66
0.000
-1.0
-3.0
-3928.7
1.500
-1.0
-4.5
-3954.8
2.900
-1.0
-5.9
-3980.9
4.400
-1.0
-7.4
-4007.1
5.800
-1.0
-8.9
-4033.2
7.300
-1.0
-10.4
-4059.3
Beam No
61
61
61
61
61
61

2
Moment 2
0.000
-33.0
112.9
-6197.5
1.400
-33.0
66.0
-6223.0
2.800
-33.1
19.1
-6248.5
4.300
-33.1
-27.9
-6274.1
5.700
-33.2
-74.9
-6299.6
7.100
-33.2
-122.0
-6325.1
62
62
62
62
62
62
0.000
-2.3
5.6
-6042.9
1.400
-2.3
2.3
-6068.7
2.900
-2.4
-1.1
-6094.6
4.300
-2.4
-4.6
-6120.5
5.800
-2.5
-8.1
-6146.4
7.200
-2.5
-11.6
-6172.2
63
63
63
63
63
63
0.000
12.6
-55.2
-5552.5
1.500
12.6
-36.7
-5578.7
2.900
12.6
-18.4
-5604.9
4.400
12.5
-0.1
-5631.2
5.800
12.5
18.2
-5657.4
7.300
12.4
36.4
-5683.6
64
64
64
64
64
64
0.000
3.3
-21.0
-4932.5
1.500
3.2
-16.2
-4959.1
3.000
3.2
-11.5
-4985.7
4.400
3.1
-6.8
-5012.3
5.900
3.1
-2.2
-5038.9
7.400
3.1
2.3
-5065.5
65
65
65
65
65
65
0.000
-14.9
45.9
-4422.3
1.500
-14.9
23.9
-4448.7
2.900
-15.0
1.9
-4475.2
4.400
-15.0
-20.2
-4501.7
5.900
-15.0
-42.3
-4528.2
7.400
-15.1
-64.5
-4554.7
66
66
66
66
66
66
0.000
-12.0
36.5
-3886.0
1.500
-12.0
19.1
-3912.2
2.900
-12.0
1.7
-3938.3
4.400
-12.1
-15.8
-3964.4
5.800
-12.1
-33.4
-3990.6
7.300
-12.1
-51.1
-4016.7
87

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 88
Revision No: 0
SLS: Column Axial Force Diagram

0.0
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
-500.0
Axial Force, kN
-1000.0
-1500.0
-2000.0
-2500.0
-3000.0
SLS: DL+LL
-3500.0
SLS: Column Bending Moment Diagram

600.0
Bending Moment, kNm
400.0
200.0
0.0
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
-200.0
-400.0
-600.0
SLS: DL+LL
88

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 89
Revision No: 0
89

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
SLS; DL + LL
Beam No
61
61
61
61
61
61
Page No: 90
Revision No: 0
SLS; DL only
Shear
Force 2
Bending
Moment 2
Axial
Force
0.000
-71.2
252.7
-2891.6
1.400
-71.2
151.7
-2912.9
2.800
-71.2
50.6
-2934.1
4.300
-71.2
-50.5
-2955.4
5.700
-71.2
-151.6
-2976.7
7.100
-71.3
-252.7
-2997.9
62
62
62
62
62
62
0.000
-78.6
282.6
-2801.9
1.400
-78.6
169.5
-2823.4
2.900
-78.6
56.3
-2845.0
4.300
-78.7
-57.0
-2866.6
5.800
-78.7
-170.2
-2888.1
7.200
-78.7
-283.5
-2909.7
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
0.000
-107.0
390.7
-2613.7
1.500
-107.0
234.5
-2635.6
2.900
-107.0
78.3
-2657.4
4.400
-107.1
-78.0
-2679.3
5.800
-107.1
-234.2
-2701.2
7.300
-107.1
-390.5
-2723.0
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
0.000
-132.4
491.3
-2485.9
1.500
-132.4
295.4
-2508.1
3.000
-132.5
99.5
-2530.2
4.400
-132.5
-96.5
-2552.4
5.900
-132.5
-292.5
-2574.5
7.400
-132.5
-488.5
-2596.7
65
65
65
65
65
65
65
65
65
0.000
-142.0
523.6
-2389.7
1.500
-142.0
314.4
-2411.8
2.900
-142.0
105.1
-2433.9
4.400
-142.0
-104.1
-2455.9
5.900
-142.0
-313.4
-2478.0
7.400
-142.1
-522.8
-2500.1
66
66
66
66
66
66
0.000
-126.9
469.6
-2407.5
1.500
-126.9
285.1
-2429.2
2.900
-126.9
100.6
-2451.0
4.400
-127.0
-84.0
-2472.8
5.800
-127.0
-268.6
-2494.6
7.300
-127.0
-453.2
-2516.3
Beam No
61
61
61
61
61
61

2
Moment 2
0.000
-20.1
73.6
-1681.0
1.400
-20.1
45.1
-1702.3
2.800
-20.1
16.6
-1723.6
4.300
-20.1
-11.9
-1744.8
5.700
-20.1
-40.4
-1766.1
7.100
-20.1
-68.9
-1787.4
62
62
62
62
62
62
0.000
-12.8
48.4
-1813.9
1.400
-12.8
29.9
-1835.5
2.900
-12.8
11.5
-1857.1
4.300
-12.8
-7.0
-1878.6
5.800
-12.8
-25.4
-1900.2
7.200
-12.8
-43.8
-1921.7
63
63
63
63
63
63
0.000
-4.2
16.2
-1851.3
1.500
-4.2
10.0
-1873.1
2.900
-4.2
3.8
-1895.0
4.400
-4.2
-2.4
-1916.9
5.800
-4.2
-8.6
-1938.7
7.300
-4.2
-14.8
-1960.6
64
64
64
64
64
64
0.000
4.9
-18.1
-1846.2
1.500
4.9
-10.9
-1868.3
3.000
4.9
-3.7
-1890.5
4.400
4.9
3.4
-1912.6
5.900
4.9
10.6
-1934.8
7.400
4.9
17.8
-1957.0
65
65
65
65
65
65
0.000
12.7
-48.9
-1812.1
1.500
12.7
-30.2
-1834.1
2.900
12.7
-11.5
-1856.2
4.400
12.7
7.3
-1878.3
5.900
12.7
26.0
-1900.3
7.400
12.7
44.7
-1922.4
66
66
66
66
66
66
0.000
19.6
-73.5
-1682.8
1.500
19.6
-45.1
-1704.6
2.900
19.6
-16.6
-1726.3
4.400
19.6
11.9
-1748.1
5.800
19.6
40.4
-1769.9
7.300
19.6
68.9
-1791.7
90

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 91
Revision No: 0
Footing
Column area
636173 mm2
798 mm2
Effective depth = 900 - 70 - 20 -24/2 =
798 mm
279 mm from centre
1197 mm from centre
X
Negative Bending moment (mid-span)
Positive bending moment
0.00
0.30
Design section
0.279
Shear Force
0.90
1.30
Design section
1.197
ULS
SLS DL + SLS DL only

LL
-847.2
-598.0
-246.1 kNm
2200.4
850.2
944.0
-1297.0
-485.1
-694.6
1512.1
600.8
664.1
631.2 kNm
354.8 kNm
374.0 kNm
kN
kN
kN
91

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 92
Revision No: 0
ULS : Footing Shear Force Diagram

Sher Force, kN
3000.0
-15.000
2000.0
1000.0
-10.000
-5.000
0.0
0.000
-1000.0
5.000
10.000
15.000
ULS
Min
Sup
-2000.0
-3000.0
-4000.0
ULS: Footing Bending Moment Diagram

2500.0
2000.0
ULS Min
Support
Bending Moment, kNm
1500.0
-15.000
1000.0
500.0
-10.000
-5.000
0.0
0.000
5.000
10.000
15.000
-500.0
-1000.0
-1500.0
92

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Beam No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
Shear
Force 2
Page No: 93
Revision No: 0
Bending
Moment 2
Axial
Force
Beam No
-9.800
349.6
136.5
0.0
1.0
-9.400
1082.3
547.7
0.1
-9.100
1819.3
1235.3
0.1
-8.700
2559.3
2200.4
0.0
-8.300
-2950.6
850.2
24.7
-7.900
-2118.8
-43.5
24.7
-7.400
-1297.0
-587.8
24.6
-7.000
-485.1
-787.1
24.4
-6.600
318.9
-644.7
24.3
-6.200
1117.5
-162.8
24.3
-5.700
1912.9
657.0
24.2
-5.300
2705.5
1813.8
24.0
-4.900
-2726.2
667.5
21.8
-4.500
-1949.6
-154.2
21.8
-4.000
-1186.4
-651.5
21.6
-3.600
-436.0
-830.0
21.4
-3.200
303.6
-694.0
21.3
-2.800
1035.3
-247.2
21.2
-2.300
1761.4
508.3
21.1
-1.900
2482.7
1570.3
21.0
-1.500
-2490.2
571.5
5.6
-1.100
-1787.2
-181.2
5.6
-0.600
-1098.1
-641.0
5.4
-0.200
-422.2
-813.5
5.2
0.200
242.7
-703.5
5.1
0.600
899.2
-314.4
5.0
1.100
1549.8
351.2
5.0
1.500
2195.6
1291.2
4.8
1.900
-2184.3
397.0
-4.1
2.300
-1555.0
-257.0
-4.2
2.800
-937.3
-648.4
-4.3
3.200
-330.4
-781.9
-4.5
3.600
267.8
-661.2
-4.6
4.000
860.1
-288.8
-4.6
4.500
1448.6
333.7
-4.6
4.900
2034.4
1205.3
-4.7
5.300
-1920.1
368.0
-0.1
5.700
-1345.9
-197.1
-0.2
6.200
-780.8
-522.1
-0.3
6.600
-224.0
-610.4
-0.4
7.000
326.0
-464.9
-0.4
7.400
871.5
-87.7
-0.5
7.900
1414.0
520.2
-0.5
8.300
1953.6
1357.3
-0.6
8.700
-1600.6
751.7
0.3
9.100
-1135.5
331.2
0.2
9.400
-679.2
81.9
0.2
9.800
-232.6
0.0
0.1
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
23.0
24.0
25.0
26.0
27.0
28.0
29.0
30.0
31.0
32.0
33.0
34.0
35.0
36.0
37.0
38.0
39.0
40.0
41.0
42.0
43.0
44.0
45.0
46.0
47.0
48.0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48

2
Moment 2
-9.800
364.4
142.0
-0.4
-9.400
1116.7
566.1
-1.3
-9.100
1864.0
1270.5
-2.3
-8.700
-8.300
-7.900
-7.400
2606.1
-2935.2
-2108.1
-1289.1
2253.1
875.9
-13.1
-554.1
-3.4
27.9
26.8
25.6
-7.000
-478.1
-750.4
24.4
-6.600
324.9
-605.4
23.2
-6.200
1120.4
-122.4
22.1
-5.700
1908.4
695.6
21.1
-5.300
2689.0
1845.3
19.9
-4.900
-2710.3
687.6
21.1
-4.500
-1945.7
-132.5
20.0
-4.000
-1189.5
-631.1
18.9
-3.600
-441.7
-811.9
17.7
-3.200
297.8
-678.5
16.6
-2.800
1029.3
-234.2
15.5
-2.300
1753.0
517.7
14.5
-1.900
2469.1
1574.0
13.4
-1.500
-2506.4
557.6
0.0
-1.100
-1806.5
-203.3
-1.0
-0.600
-1115.2
-670.3
-2.1
-0.200
-432.5
-847.2
-3.2
0.200
242.0
-737.5
-4.2
0.600
908.5
-344.5
-5.1
1.100
1567.3
328.5
-6.1
1.500
2218.4
1278.2
-7.0
1.9
2.3
2.8
3.2
-2203.7
-1568.5
-941.5
-322.7
352.3
-307.4
-700.7
-830.9
-11.1
-12
-13
-13.9
3.600
288.2
-701.5
-14.8
4.000
891.4
-315.8
-15.6
4.500
1487.3
323.2
-16.4
4.900
2075.8
1212.3
-17.3
5.300
-1897.8
341.5
-3.4
5.700
-1324.5
-214.5
-4.2
6.200
-759.1
-530.2
-5.0
6.600
-201.5
-608.9
-5.9
7.000
348.4
-453.9
-6.6
7.400
890.9
-68.4
-7.3
7.900
1426.1
544.6
-8.1
8.300
1953.9
1381.9
-8.9
8.700
-1571.1
741.7
2.3
9.100
-1118.1
327.8
1.7
9.400
-671.4
81.3
1.0
9.800
-231.2
0.0
0.4
93

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 94
Revision No: 0
SLS: Footing Bending Moment Diagram
Bending Moment, kNm
2000.0
-15.000
1500.0
1000.0
500.0
-10.000
-5.000
0.0
0.000
5.000
10.000
15.000
-500.0
-1000.0
SLS: DL+LL
94

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
SLS; DL + LL
Beam No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
Page No: 95
Revision No: 0
SLS; DL only
Shear
Force 2
Bending
Moment 2
Axial
Force
Beam No
-9.800
241.8
95.2
-0.2
1.0
-9.400
746.6
379.6
-0.5
-9.100
1248.5
852.3
-0.9
-8.700
1747.6
1512.1
-1.3
-8.300
-1996.7
600.8
14.4
-7.900
-1439.1
-5.1
14.0
-7.400
-886.2
-376.0
13.6
-7.000
-338.0
-513.9
13.1
-6.600
205.7
-420.7
12.6
-6.200
744.9
-98.4
12.2
-5.700
1279.9
451.3
11.8
-5.300
1810.7
1226.6
11.3
-4.900
-1856.1
453.0
8.2
-4.500
-1334.5
-108.4
7.8
-4.000
-817.8
-450.2
7.3
-3.600
-306.1
-574.6
6.9
-3.200
200.8
-483.5
6.4
-2.800
703.2
-178.9
6.0
-2.300
1201.2
337.3
5.6
-1.900
1694.8
1063.4
5.2
-1.500
-1731.8
366.3
-4.5
-1.100
-1247.5
-158.2
-4.9
-0.600
-768.2
-478.9
-5.3
-0.200
-293.7
-598.0
-5.8
0.200
176.0
-517.5
-6.2
0.600
641.2
-239.2
-6.5
1.100
1102.1
234.9
-6.9
1.500
1558.6
903.1
-7.3
1.9
2.3
-1554.7
-1107.2
249.4
-215.4
-9.2
-9.6
2.800
-664.4
-492.0
-10.0
3.200
-226.2
-582.4
-10.4
3.600
207.4
-488.5
-10.7
4.000
636.8
-212.1
-11.0
4.500
1062.0
245.0
-11.3
4.900
1483.2
881.0
-11.7
5.300
-1374.9
257.2
-2.6
5.700
-962.3
-146.1
-2.9
6.200
-554.2
-375.9
-3.2
6.600
-150.6
-434.1
-3.5
7.000
248.7
-322.7
-3.9
7.400
643.8
-43.4
-4.2
7.900
1034.8
402.2
-4.4
8.300
1421.7
1012.1
-4.8
8.700
-1164.8
550.7
1.0
9.100
-830.6
243.7
0.7
9.400
-500.2
60.6
0.4
9.800
-173.4
0.0
0.2
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
23.0
24.0
25.0
26.0
27.0
28.0
29.0
30.0
31.0
32.0
33.0
34.0
35.0
36.0
37.0
38.0
39.0
40.0
41.0
42.0
43.0
44.0
45.0
46.0
47.0
48.0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48

2
Moment 2
-9.800
116.6
0.0
0.0
-9.400
326.5
39.3
0.0
-9.100
536.8
157.2
0.1
-8.7
-8.3
747.5
-813.1
354.1
552.1
0.1
20
-7.900
-573.7
200.8
20.0
-7.400
-334.1
-48.8
20.0
-7.000
-94.4
-196.6
20.0
-6.600
145.6
-242.4
20.1
-6.200
386.0
-186.2
20.1
-5.700
626.7
-28.0
20.1
-5.300
867.7
232.6
20.1
-4.900
-812.6
546.1
32.8
-4.500
-571.1
195.0
32.8
-4.000
-329.6
-53.4
32.8
-3.600
-88.0
-199.3
32.8
-3.200
153.8
-242.4
32.9
-2.800
395.7
-182.8
32.9
-2.300
638.0
-20.3
32.9
-1.900
880.5
245.1
32.9
-1.500
-837.4
596.8
37.1
-1.100
-594.8
235.2
37.1
-0.600
-352.2
-23.4
37.1
-0.200
-109.7
-178.8
37.1
0.200
132.7
-231.2
37.1
0.600
375.2
-180.5
37.1
1.100
617.8
-26.8
37.1
1.500
860.5
230.1
37.1
1.900
-853.7
610.1
32.3
2.300
-611.1
241.5
32.3
2.800
-368.8
-24.0
32.3
3.200
-126.8
-186.5
32.3
3.600
115.1
-246.1
32.2
4.000
356.8
-203.0
32.2
4.500
598.5
-57.0
32.2
4.900
840.2
191.6
32.2
5.300
-840.6
593.3
19.6
5.700
-599.3
230.4
19.6
6.200
-358.3
-30.1
19.6
6.600
-117.7
-188.1
19.6
7.000
122.6
-243.9
19.6
7.400
362.7
-197.5
19.6
7.900
602.7
-49.1
19.5
8.300
842.5
201.3
19.5
8.700
-725.2
631.2
0.1
9.100
-514.1
354.8
0.0
9.400
-303.3
157.6
0.0
9.800
-93.0
39.4
0.0
95

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Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
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Revision No: 0
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Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 97
Revision No: 0
97

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Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 98
Revision No: 0
98

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Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 99
Revision No: 0
99

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Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 100

Revision No: 0
Test
Bending moment at base

Bending moment at top
Maximum axial load
M*
625.8
N*
3760.2
602.2
3887.8
532.1
5473
100

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Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 101

Revision No: 0
101

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Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 102

Revision No: 0
Attachment C - Substructure Design and Details
N24 bars @ 115mm spacing
Figure G.1: Headstock Cross-section and detailing
102

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Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 103

Revision No: 0
Figure G.2: Column Cross-section and detailing
103

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CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 104

Revision No: 0
Figure G.3: Footing Cross-section and detailing
104

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CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 105

Revision No: 0
Attachment G - Quantities and Cost Estimate

QUANTITIES OF MATERIALS
In order to estimate the cost of the materials needed for footing, column, and headstock
construction, volumes of concretes and steels are calculated from the design.
Area of the footing was used to find the total amount of blinding concrete N20, 75 mm thick.
Volume of columns, headstocks, and footings were used to calculate the total amount of concrete
class S50 needed. Lastly, the amount of reinforcement steel needed was determined from the total
cross-sectional area from each section.
Top of Column Coordinates
Headstock depth
1.7
Pier 1
Pier 2
Pier 3
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
Column 1
-8.5 9.533736
-8.5 9.598924
-8.5 8.949025
Column 2
-5.1 9.52028
-5.1 9.698269
-5.1 9.157555
Column 3
-1.7 9.506825
-1.7 9.797615
-1.7 9.366086
Column 4
1.7 9.49337
1.7 9.89696
1.7 9.574616
Column 5
5.1 9.345195
5.1 9.868359
5.1 9.661756
Column 6
8.5 9.122012
8.5 9.768521
8.5 9.681309
Footing Node Coordinates

All Piers
X
Y
Left End
-10
2.05
Column 1
-8.5
2.05
Column 2
-5.1
2.05
Column 3
-1.7
2.05
Column 4
1.7
2.05
Column 5
5.1
2.05
Column 6
8.5
2.05
Right End
10
2.05
Height of Column = Top Column Coordinate - Footing Node Coordinate

Pier 1
Pier 2
Pier 3
Column 1
7.483735577 7.548924 6.899025
21.93168432
Column 2
7.470280259 7.648269 7.107555
22.22610467
Column 3
7.456824941 7.747615 7.316086
22.52052503
Column 4
7.443369623 7.84696 7.524616
22.81494538
Column 5
7.295194883 7.818359 7.611756
22.72530979
Column 6
7.072011527 7.718521 7.631309
22.42184086
134.6404101
Volume of Concrete
Volume of column 85.65453 m3
Volume of footing
54 m3
Volume of headstock
34.68 m3
Item
Substructure
Blinding concrete, 75 mm thick Class N20
Concrete Class S50
Spread footings
Columns
Headstocks
Reinforcement, Grade 500N, <= 16mm diameter
Reinforcement, Grade 500N, > 16mm diameter
Total
Steel Reinforcement
0.04021 m2
0.3934 m2
Headstock
Column
97.45582 m2
Total
97.88943 m2
Footing
Unit
Rate
Quantity
Cost
m3
500
13.50
6,750.00
m3
m3
m3
1200
1200
1500
54.00
85.65
34.68
64,800.00
102,785.43
52,020.00
tonne
tonne
2300
2500
97.89
244,723.57
471,079.00
105

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 106

Revision No: 0
Bridge Concrete Carbon Emission
The construction industry sector greatly impacts on the environment with the constant
construction of infrastructure and commercial and residential buildings across
Australia. Direct and indirect impacts are present with the use of land, materials and
energy which ultimately has a significant impact on the production of greenhouse gas
emissions and other wastes and fumes emitted from building materials used throughout
the construction period.
Various emission factors from the concrete utilised in construction of the Pritchard Street Bridge is
portrayed below in the Component Emission Table which states the emission factor values associated
with each construction material.
Table: Component emission table
Table: By product constituents of concrete
106

Document No:
CVEN 4002-DPA-01
Document:
Design Practice A
Design Report
Page No: 107

Revision No: 0
Research was conducted into the optimum percentage of industrial by products that can be used in the
manufacturing process of cement that best reduces the amount of carbon footprint released into the
environment while not compromising structure stability and safety. Such materials include fly ash,
limestone, lime sludge, mill scale and foundry sand. A study conducted by the Portland Cement
Association has revealed that the added usage of ground limestone will significantly lower carbon
emissions and reduces the level carbon dioxide into environment by approximately 2.6% per ton of
cement manufactured. According to a literature review on the limestone addition in cement by B T
(Tom) Benn, Adelaide Brighton Cement Ltd, Associate Professor Daksh Baweja, University of
Technology Sydney and Professor Julie E Mills, University of South Australia, the allowable usage
contents of limestone is between 8%-20% in the manufacturing of cement. Hence we have chosen the
value of 10% proportion of ground limestone to decrease the impact of carbon emissions throughout
the construction of the Pritchard Street Bridge while not compromising the compressive strength of
the concrete structure.
Table: Mineral additions
107

CVEN4002 Design Practice A Report 2

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Civil Engineering

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Preliminary Issue substructure

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Application, function and design life5

Substructure frame model

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Strand7 Release 2.4.5

Microsoft Excel 2010

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Application, function exposure classification and design life

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Load Factors and Combinations

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Concrete and Reinforcement Properties

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Location of Maximum Design Actions:

*Effective depth at support: Assume

SLS DL + SLS DL only

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

ULS : Footing Shear Force Diagram

ULS: Footing Bending Moment Diagram

Bending Moment, kNm

ULS Max Support

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Footings Longitudinal Reinforcement Design

ULS bending moments retrieved from Strand 7 output

Therefore (Muo)min governs

Design for a metre width

3351 mm2/m (for 24 mm bars)

Therefore Mu > M* is satisfied; OK

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

SLS reinforcement stresses

This was used in combination with the following parameters:

Concrete Force = Ec * DNA/2 *

Resultant moment > Applied moment; OK

Case 2: SLS Design bending moment (DL only)

Check Shear Capacity

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Strength excluding shear reinforcement, Vuc

Shear strength of beam with minimum reinforcement

Minimum area required

Area > minimum area; OK

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Headstock Longitudinal Reinforcement Design

(Muo)min = 1.2 * Z * fcf

ULS Bending Moment retrieved from Strand 7 Output

Therefore (Muo)min governs

Design for a metre width

Trial 24 mm diameter bars at 115 mm spacing

Stress block depth

UNSW School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

SLS Reinforcement Stresses

This was used in combination with the following parameters;

Concrete Force= Ec * DNA/2 *

Total Reinforcement Force

Resultant moment > Applied moment; OK

Case 2: SLS Design bending moment (DL only)