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Centripetal Physics
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Centripetal and Centrifugal Force and Acceleration


Centripetal and Centrifugal acceleration - force due to circular motion
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Centripetal Force and Centrifugal Force is the action-reaction force pair associated with circular motion.

Centripetal Acceleration
Velocity is a vector - specifying how fast (or slow) a distance is covered and the direction of the movement. Since the velocity vector (the direction) of
a body changes when moved in a circle - there is an acceleration.
This acceleration is named centripetal acceleration and can be expressed as
ac = v2 / r (1)
where
ac = centripetal acceleration (m/s2, ft/s2)
v = velocity (m/s, ft/s)
r = circular radius (m, ft)

Centripetal Force
According Newton's second law the centripetal force can be expressed as
Fc = m ac
= m v2 / r (2)
where
Fc = centripetal force (N, lbf)
m = mass (kg, slugs)
According to Newton's Third Law the centripetal force acting on the object has an opposite centrifugal force.

Example - Centripetal Acceleration acting on a Car through a Curve


Metric Units
A car of 1000 kg travels a curve of radius 200 m at 50 km/h. The centripetal acceleration can be calculated as
ac = ((50 km/h)(1000 m/km) / (3600 s/h))2 / (200 m)
= 0.965 m/s2
The centripetal force can bee calculated as

Fc = (1000 kg) (0.965 m/s2)


= 965 N
Imperial Units
A car of 3000 lb travels a curve of radius 100 ft at 15 miles/h.
The mass of the car can be calculated as
m = (3000 lb) / (32 ft/s2)
= 94 slugs
The centripetal acceleration can be calculated as
ac = ((15 miles/h)(5280 ft/mile) / (3600 s/h))2 / (100 ft)
= 4.84 ft/s2
The centripetal force can bee calculated as
Fc = (94 slugs) (4.84 ft/s2)
= 455 lbf

Online Centripetal (Centrifugal) Calculator - Velocity


1000

m - mass (kg)

13.89

v - velocity (m/s)

200

r - radius (m)

Calculate!

Centripetal (Centrifugal) Force - rpm


Equation (2) can can be modified to express centripetal or centrifugal force as a function of revolution per minute - rpm - as
Fc = m v2 / r
= m (n 2 r / 60)2/r
= 0.01097 m r n2 (3)
where
n = revolution per minute - rpm

Online Centripetal (Centrifugal) Calculator - rpm


1000

m - mass (kg)

0.663

n - rpm

200

r - radius (m)

Calculate!

Centrifugal Force
Newton's third law states that
for every acting force there is an equal and opposite reaction force
Therefore there must be an equal and opposite reaction force to the Centripetal Force: the Centrifugal Force
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Related Topics
Dynamics - Dynamics Motion - velocity and acceleration
Mechanics - Kinematics, forces, vectors, motion, momentum, energy and the dynamics of objects

Related Documents
Acceleration of Gravity and Newton's Second Law - Acceleration of gravity and Newton's Second Law - SI and Imperial units
Acceleration Units Converter - Convert between common units of accelerations
Formulas of Motion - Linear and Circular - Linear and angular (rotation) acceleration, velocity, speed and distance
Force - Force, Newton's third Law and acceleration

Tag Search
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es: aceleracin centrpeta
de: Zentripetalbeschleunigung

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