Wood and Plastics Specifications for University Construction

AL FATEH UNIVERSITY
Division 06 Wood and Plasics
ODAC
.
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
FOR
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
DIVISION 06 : WOOD AND PLASTICS
1
Al LABINA / AL MANAR
in partnership with Hamza/ ECH/ LCE JV
AL FATEH UNIVERSITY
ODAC
.
Foreword
The internationally recognized framework known as Masterformat released by the Construction
Specifications Institute (CSI) has been adopted in order to organize the sorting and numbering in the new
edition of the specifications in a manner that insures the easy flow and exchange of information among
specialists and the community of the building industry at large. The new edition involves 12 main
divisions. These divisions are:
Division 01:
General Requirements
Division 02:
Site work
Division 03:
Concrete
Division 04:
Masonry
Division 05:
Metals
Division 06:
Wood and Plastics
Division 07:
Thermal and Moisture Protection
Division 08:
Doors and Windows
Division 09:
Finishes
Division 14:
Conveying Systems
Division 15:
Mechanical
Division 16:
Electrical
Each Division comprises a number of related Sections. For example: Division 08 includes eight sections.
They are:
08100
Doors and Frames
08200
Wooden and Plastic Doors
08300
Special Doors
08400
Entrances and Storefronts
08500
Metal Windows
08600
Wooden and Plastic Windows
08700
Hardware
08800
Glazing
Further, each Section incorporates seven Parts as follows:

Part 1:
General: This is mainly concerned with the references, quality control, submittals, programs,
and maintenance.
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ODAC
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Part 2:
Products: This gives a breakdown of material used in addition to their properties and place of
installation.
Part 3:
Execution: The most significant items in this Part are the execution and installation of the
works, field quality control, as well as cleaning and protection methods.
Part 4:
Methods of Measurement: This indicates the measurement units and the measuring methods
that shall be used for the Bills of Quantities.
Part 5:
Basis of Payment: This indicates the work that shall be completed for each item of the Bills of
Quantities. It also indicates the ancillary works to be included in the unit rate.
Part 6:
Annex: Tables and Figures: Those relevant to the individual Section.
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AL FATEH UNIVERSITY
ODAC
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DIVISION 06
WOOD AND PLASTICS
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AL FATEH UNIVERSITY
ODAC
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INDEX
Division 01: General Requirements
Division 02: Sitework
Division 03: Concrete
Division 04: Masonry
Division 05: Metals
Division 06: Wood & Plastics
06130
Heavy Timber Construction
06400
Architectural Woodwork
Division 07: Thermal & Moisture Protection

Division 08: Doors & Windows
Division 09: Finishes
Division 14: Conveying Systems
Division 15: Mechanical
Division 16: Electrical
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Division 06 Wood and Plastics
ODAC
Section 06100 Rough Carpentry
06100 ROUGH CARPENTRY
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1.
ODAC
GENERAL
This work includes the provision of all labor, materials, products, equipment
and services required to execute rough carpentry work, as indicated on the
drawings, as specified herein, and as required by all trades for a complete
project.
1.1
Reference Documents
The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the
extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by basic
designation only.
AMERICAN FOREST AND PAPER ASSOCIATION (AFPA)
AFPA-01
(1991; Supply 1993) National Design Specification

for Wood Construction.
AFPA WCD No. 1 (1988) Manual for Wood Frame Constrcution

AMERICAN HARDBOARD ASSOCIATION (AHA)
AHA A135.4
(1982; R 1988) Basic Hardboard
AHA A194.1
(1985) Cellulosic Fiberboard
AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF TIMBER CONSTRUCTION (AITC)

AITC-01
(1994) Timber Construction Manual
AITC 109
(1990) Standard for Preservative Treatment of

Structural Glued Laminated Timber
AITC 111
(1979) Recommended Practice for Protection of

Structural Glued Laminated Timber During Transit,
Storage and Erection
AITC A190.1
(1992) Structural Glued Laminated Timber
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI)

ANSI A 208.1
(1993) Particleboard
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AMERICAN PLYWOOD ASSOCIATION (APA)

APA E30
(1994) Design/Construction Guide, Residential and

Commercial
APA E445
(1991; Rev May 1991) Performance Standards and

Policies for Structural-Use Panels
APA V450
(1993) Source List Adhesives for APA Glued Floor

System
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

ASTM A 307
(1993a) Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60000 PSI

Tensile Strength
ASTM C 79
(1994) Gypsum Sheathing Board
ASTM C 208
(1972; R 1982) Insulating Board (Cellulosic Fiber),

Structural and Decorative
ASTM C 516
(1980; R 1990) Vermiculite Loose Fill Thermal

Insulation
ASTM C 518
(1991) Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and

Thermal Transmission Properties By Means of the
Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
ASTM C 549
(1981; R 1986) Perlite Loose Fill Insulation
ASTM C 552
(1991) Cellular Glass Thermal Insulation
ASTM C 578
(1992) Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation
ASTM C 591
(1985)
Unfaced
Preformed
Polyurethane Thermal Insulation
ASTM C 612
(1993) Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal

Insulation
ASTM C 665
(1991) Mineral Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for

Light Frame Construction and Manufactured Housing
ASTM C 726
(1993) Mineral Fiber Roof Insulation Board
ASTM C 739
(1991) Cellulosic Fiber (Wood Base) Loose Fill

Thermal Insulation
Rigid
Cellular
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ODAC
ASTM C 764
(1991) Mineral Fiber Loose-Fill Thermal Insulation
ASTM C 1013
(1985) Membrane Faced

Polyurethane Roof Insulation
ASTM C 1136
(1992) Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for

Thermal Insulation
ASTM D 2898
(1981; R 1986) Accelerated Weathering of FireRetardant-Treated Wood for Fire Testing
ASTM E 84
(1991a) Surface Burning Characteristics of Building

Materials
ASTM E 96
(1993) Water Vapor Transmission of Materials
ASTM E 154
(1988) Water Vapor Retarders Used in Contact with

Earth Under Concrete Slabs, on Walls, or as Ground
Cover
Rigid
Cellular
AMERICAN WOOD PRESERVERS ASSOCIATION (AWPA)

AWPA C 2
(1993) Lumber, Timber, Bridge Ties and Mine Ties

Preservative Treatment by Pressure Processes
AWPA C 9
(1993) Plywood
Pressure Processes
AWPA C 20
(1993) Structural Lumber Fire Retardant

Treatment by Pressure Processes
AWPA C 27
(1993) Plywood Fire Retardant Treatment by

Pressure Processes
AWPA C 28
(1991) Standard for Preservative Treatment of

Structural
Glued
Laminated
Members
and
Laminations Before Gluing of Southern Pine, Coastal
Douglas Fir, Hemfir and Western Hemlock by
Pressure Processes
AWPA M 4
(1991) Standard for the Care of Preservative

Treated Wood Products
AWPA P5
(1993) Standards for Waterborne Preservatives
Preservative
Treatment
by
CALIFORNIA REDWOOD ASSOCIATION (CRA)
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ODAC
CRA-01
(1992) Standard Specifications

California Redwood Lumber
for
Grades
of
CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATION (CFR)

16 CFR 1209
Interim Safety Standard for Cellulose Insulation
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (DOC)

DOC PS 1
(1983) Construction and Industrial Plywood

FEDERAL SPECIFICATIONS (FS)
FS FF-N-105
(Rev B; Am 3; Int Am 4; Notice 1) Nails, Brads,

Staples and Spikes: Wire, Cut and Wrought
FS HH-I-558
(Rev C) Insulation, Blankets, Thermal (Mineral Fiber,

Industrial Type) (Inch-Pound)
FS UU-B-790
(Rev A; Notice 2) Building Paper, Vegetable Fiber:

(Kraft, Waterproofed, Water Repellent and Fire
Resistant)
NATIONAL HARDWOOD LUMBER ASSOCIATION (NHLA)

NHLA-01
(1994) Rules for the Measurement & Inspection of

Hardwood & Cypress
NORTHEASTERN LUMBER MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (NELMA)

NELMA-01
(1993) Standard Grading Rules for Northeastern

Lumber
SOUTHERN CYPRESS MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (SCMA)

SCMA-01
(1986; Supple No. 1, Aug 1993) Standard

Specifications for Grades of Southern Cypress
SOUTHERN PINE INSPECTION BUREAU (SPIB)

SPIB-01
(1994) Standard Grading Rules for Southern Pine

Lumber
TRUSS PLATE INSTITUTE (TPI)
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ODAC
TPI 85
(1988; Errata; Supple; Addenda QST-88 (Appx P)

Design Specification for Metal Plate Connected
Wood Trusses
TPI QST-88
(1988; Appendix P) Quality Standard for Metal Plate

Connected Wood Trusses (Addendum to TPI-85)
WEST COAST LUMBER INSPECTION BUREAU (WCLIB)

WCLIB Std 17
(1993) Grading Rules for West Coast Lubmer
WESTERN WOOD PRODUCTS ASSOCIATION (WWPA)

WWPA-01
1.2
(1991; Supple No. 3) Western Lumber Grading Rules

91
Submittals
1.2.1 Two samples of material, shall be sumbitted for the Engineers
approved:
Lumber
Plywood
Sheathing
Accessories and nails
Insulation
1.2.2 Certificates
Manufacturers certificates attesting that lumber or material not
normally grade marked, meet the specified requirements.
1.3
Delivery, Storage and Handling

Provide dry storage areas. Materials shall be delivered to the site in
undamaged condition. Stack materials with 150 mm clearance off the
floor in fully covered, well ventilated areas and protected from extreme
changes in temprature.
Protect fire-retardant materials against high humidity and moisture.
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2.
ODAC
PRODUCTS
2.1 Lumber And Sheathing
2.1.1 Grading And Marking
Lumber Products
Solid sawn and finer-jointed lumber shall bear an authorized
gradestamp or grademark, certification stamp, mark, or
hammerbarnd. Surfaces that are to be exposed to view shall
not bear grademarks, stamps, or any type of identifying mark.
For coniferous timber, used as solid wood, seasoning periods,
which last serveral years, must comply with standards of use of
these woods, to prevent movement of resin, cracking and
distortion.
Plywood
Materials shall bear the grademark, stamp or other identifying
marks indicating gardes of material and rules standards under
which produced. Such identifying marks shall be in accordance
with the rule or standard under which the material is proudced,
including requirements for qualifications and authority of the
inspection organization, usage of authorized identification, and
information included in the identification. Except for plywood,
bundle marking will be permitted in lieu of marking each
individual piece. Surfaces that are to be architecturally exposed
to view shall not bear grademarks, stamps, or other types of
identifying marks.
2.1.2
Sizes
Lumber and material sizes shall conform to requirements of
the rules or standards under which produced. Unless
otherwise specified, lumber shall be surfaced on four sides.
Size references, unless otherwise specified, are nominal sizes,
and actual sizes shall be within manufacturing tolerances
allowed by the standard under which the product is produced.
2.1.3
Moisture Content
At the time lumber and other materials are delivered and when
installed in the work their moisture content shall be as follows:
a.
Treated and Untreated Lumber.

nominal thickness,100 mm or less,14 percent maximum.
125mm or more, nominal thickness, 18 percent maximum
in a 75 mm perimeter of the timber cross-section.
b.
Materials Other Than Lumber: In accordance with

standard under which product is produced.
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2.1.4
ODAC
Treatment
These operations shall be carried out using processes which
will not involve any risk of distortion of the woods resulting
from too rapid a variation in the degree of humidity.
Precautions hsall be taken in order to avoid reabsorption of
moistrue.
2.1.4.1
Lumber
Lumber shall be treated in accordance with AWPA C2
with waterborne preservatives listed in AWPA P5 to a
retention level of 4 kg per cubic meter.
2.1.4.2
Plywood
Plywood shall be treated in accordance with AWPA C9
with waterborne preservatives listed in AWPA P5 to a
retention level 4.0 kg per cubic meter.
2.1.5
Fire Retardant Pressure Treatment

Fire retardant pressure treatment of wood against fire shall
comply with AWPA C20 for lumber and AWPA C27 for
plywood and local jurisdictional authorities. Pressure fire
retardant treat lumber prior to final milling. Provide appropriate
labels for treated lumber and plywood as received from the
pressure treating plant. Do not expose pressure treated
material to dampness between the time the material is treated
and the time the finish is applied. Carefully sand surfaces
which show surface salt deposits to remove such deposits
before finish is appliled. Provide identification on materials
delivered to Project site showing that these Specifications
have been complied with, on each large item, and on bundles
of small items.
2.1.6
Adhesives
The Contractor shall indicate the chemical composition,
possible uses, gluing processes, and durability of these
products and the nature of adhesives which he intends to use
for the work.
The products used must not only be resistant to sun, bad
weather, mildew, insects and other wood-eating animals, but
must also have no negative effects on the fire-resistance of the
structures in which they are used.
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2.1.7
ODAC
Miscellaneous Wood Members
2.1.7.1
Nonstress Graded Members

Members shall include bridging, corner bracing, furring,
grounds, and nailing strips.
2.1.7.2
Wood Bumpers
Bumpers shall be of the species and grade in accordance
with Drawings.
2.1.7.3
Sill Plates
Sill plates shall be standard or number 2 grade.
2.1.7.4
Blocking
Blocking shall be standard or number 2 grade.
2.1.7.5
Rough Bucks and Frames

Rough bucks and frames shall be straight standard or
number 2 grade.
2.2
Accessories And Nails

Markings shall identify both the strength grade and the manufacturer.
Accessories and nails shall conform to the following:
2.2.1 Anchor Bolts
ASTM A 307, size as indicated, complete with nuts and
washers.
2.2.2 Bolts: Lag, Toggle, and Miscellaneous
Bolts and Screws
Type, size, and finish best suited for intended use. Finish
options include zinc compounds, cadmium, and aluminum paint
impregnated finishes.
2.2.3 Clip Angles
Steel, size best suited for intended use; or zinc-coated steel or
iron commercial clips designed for connecting wood members.
2.2.4 Expansion Shields
Type and size best suited for intended use.
2.2.5 Nails and Staples
FS FF-N-105, size and type best suited for purpose. For
sheathing and subflooring, length of nails shall be sufficient to
extend 25 mm into supports. In general, 8-penny or larger nails
shall be used for nailing through 25 mm thick lumber and for
toe nailing 50 mm thick lumber; 16-penny or larger nails shall
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ODAC
be used for nailing through 50mm thick lumber. Nails used with
treated lumber and sheathing shall be galvanized. Nailing shall
be in accordance with the recommended nailing schedule
contained in AFPA WCD No. 1. Where detailed nailing
requirements are not specified, nail size and spacing shall be
sufficient to develop an adequate strength for the connection.
The connections strength shall be verified against the nail
capacity tables in AFPA-01. Reasonable judgement backed by
experience shall ensure that the designed connection will not
cause the wood to split. If a load situation exceeds a
reasonable limit for nails, a specialized connector shall be
used.
2.3
Insulation
Thermal resistance of insulation shall be not less than the R-values
shown. R-values shall be determined at 24 degrees C in accordacne
with ASTM C 518. Insulation shall contain the highest practicable
percentage of recovered material which has been recovered or
diverted from solid waste, but not including material resued in a
manufacturing process. Where two materials have the same price and
performance, the one containing the higher recovered material content
shall be provided. Insulation shall be the standard product of a
manufacturer and factory marked or identified with manufacturers
name or trademark and R-value. Identification shall be on individual
pieces or individual packages. Materials containing more than one
percent asbestos will not be allowed.
2.3.1 Glass Fiber Batts and Rolls
Glass fiber batts and folls shall conform to ASTM C 665, Type I
unfaced insulation, having a UL rating of and a smoke
developed rating of 150 or less when tested in accordance with
ASTM E 84. Insulation shall have a 0.25mm thick, white,
puncture resistant woven-glass cloth with vinyl facing on one
side. Width and length shall suit construction conditions.
3.
EXECUTION
Installation of Framing
Examine Drawings and furnish all rough carpentry required for the
Work.
3.1.1 General
Members shall be closely fitted, accurately set to required lines
and levels, and rigidly secured in place. Members shall be
framed for passage of ducts. Members shall be cut, notched,
or bored in accordance with applicable requirements of AFPA01 for the passage of pipes, wires, or conduits.
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ODAC
Provide running members of the longest lengths obtainable.

Properly frame material with tight joints and rigidly secure in
place.
Design construction methods to allow for expansion and
contraction of the materials.
Conceal joints and connections wherever possible. Locate
prominent joints only where directed.
Match joints made on the site with joints made in the shop.
Accurately scribe, cope and mitre members where required to
produce hairline joints.
Erect work plumb, level, square and to the required lines.
Do not regard blocking, strapping and other rough carpentry
indicated as complete or exact. Provide rough carpentry items
required for the installation of the work of other Sections.
Installation of Miscellaneous Wood Members
Blocking
Blocking shall be provided as necessary for application of
other materials or building items. Blocking shall be cut to fit
between framing members and rigidly nailed thereto.
Nailers and Nailing Strips
Nailers and nailing strips shall be provided as necessary for
the attachment of finish materials. Nailers used in conjunction
with roof deck installation shall be installed flush with the roof
deck system. Stacked nailers shall be assembled with spikes
or nails spaced not more than 450 mm on center and
staggered. Beginning and ending nails shall not be more than
150 mm for nailer end. Ends of stacked nailers shall be offset
approximately 300 mm in long runs and alternated at corners.
Anchors shall extend through the entire thickness of the nailer.
Strips shall be run in lengths as long as practicable, butt
jointed, cut into woood framing members when necessary, and
rigidly secured in place.
Provide fire retardant treated nailing strips, strapping and
furring for interior locations.
Wood Grounds
Wood grounds shall be provided as necessary for attachement
of trim, finish, and other work to plaster. Grounds shall be run
in lengths as long as practicable, butt jointed, and rigidlly
secured in place.
Furring Strips
Furring strips shall be provided at the locations shown. Furring
strips shall be installed at 400 mm on center unless otherwise
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ODAC
shown, run in lengths as long as practicable, butt jointed and

rigidly secured in place.
Rough Bucks and Frames

Rough bucks shall be set straight, true, and plumb, and
secured with anchors near top and bottom of each wood
member and at intermediate intervals of not more than 900
mm. Anchors for concrete shall be expansion bolts, and
anchors for masonry shall be 5 by 32 mm steel straps
extending not less 200 mm into the masonry and turned down
50 mm itno the masonry.
Wood Bumpers
Wood bumpers shall be bored, countersunk and securely
bolted in place.
Rough Hardware
Provide rough hardware, including hardware for temporary
enclosures.
Provide fasteners long enough so that at least half their length
penetrates into the second member. Minimize splitting of wood
members by staggering the fasteners in the direction of the
grain and by keeping fasteners well in from edges. Use spiral,
annualr or resin coated nails for plywood. Use spiral
galvanized nails for exterior exposed lumber.
Fasten to hollow units with toggle bolts; to solid masonry or
concrete wth lead expansion shields and lag screws. Do not
use organic fibre or wood plugs.
Backing Boards
Provide 20 mm thick fire retardant treated sofwood plywood
backing boards GIS for mounting telephone and electrical
equipment. Attach backing boards with recessed mechanical
fasteners.
Wood Preservative
Re-treat surfaces exposed by cutting, trimming or boring with
preservative before installation.
Apply touch-up preservative by dipping, or by brush or spray to
completely saturate and maintain wet film on surface for
minimum 3 minute soak on lumber and one minute soak on
plywood or MDF.
Fire Retardant Treated Wood
Provide fire retardant treated wood blocking where blocking is
indicated in fire rated areas.
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3.3
ODAC
Installation of Insulation
Insulation shall be installed after construction has advanced to a point
that the installed insulation will not be damaged by remaining work. For
thermal insulation the actual installed thickness shall provide the
thermal resistance shown. For acoustical insulation the installed
thickness shal be as shown. Insulation shall be installed on the
weather side of such items as electrical boxes and water lines. Unless
otherwise specified, installation shall be in accordance with the
manufacturers recommendation.
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Section 06130 Heavy Timber Construction
Division
06 - Wood and Plastics
Section
06130 - Heavy Timber Construction
Part 1:
General
1 01
Summary
The work covered by this Section consists of providing all plant, labour and materials,
and of performing all operations in connections with the execution of Carpentry Work
on general timber structures of dry construction. These requirements shall apply to
timber, glued laminated timber, plywood, tempered hardboard and wood particle
boards in load-bearing members when used as simple members, or as a part of builtup components, or as parts of structures incorporating other materials.
This Section does not apply to:
Formwork for concreting purposes
Support of excavations
Parquetry
Ledged and braced doors and gates
1 01 01
Section Includes
01.0 Structural Frame Work
02.0 Timber Trusses
03.0 Structural Panels
04.0 Timber Decking
05.0 Timber Treatment
06.0 Accessories
07.0 Adhesives
08.0 Nailed, screwed, bolted, dowelled, connector and glued joints
1 01 04
Related Sections
06200 Finish Carpentry
06400 Architectural Woodwork
1 02 References
1 02 01
Applicable Standards
1 02 01 03
International Standards
1 02 01 03 01
International Standards Organization (ISO)

ISO 724: 93
ISO General - Purpose Metric Screw Threads - Basic

Dimensions
ISO 737: 75
Coniferous sawn timber - Sizes - Method of measurements
ISO 738: 81
Coniferous sawn timber - Sizes - Permissible deviations and

shrinkage
ISO 818: 75
Fibre building boards - Definition - Classification
ISO 820: 75
Particle boards - Definition and classification
ISO 898 -
Mechanical Properties of Fastener

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ODAC
ISO 898 - 1: 88
Part 1: Bolts, Screws and Studs
ISO 1029: 74
Coniferous sawn timber - Defects - Classification
ISO 1030: 75
Coniferous sawn timber - Defects - Measurement
ISO 1031: 74
Coniferous sawn timber - Defects - Terms and definitions
ISO 1032: 74
Coniferous sawn timber - Sizes - Terms and definitions
ISO 1097: 75
Plywood - Measurement of dimensions of panels
ISO 1098: 75
Veneer plywood for general use - General requirements
ISO 1502: 96
General - Purpose Metric Screw Threads - Gauges and Gauging
ISO 1891: 79(80)
Bolts, Screws, Nuts and Accessories - Terminology and

Nomenclature
ISO 2695: 76
Fiber Building Boards - Hard and Medium Boards for General

Purposes - Appearance, Shape and Dimensional Tolerances
ISO 2696: 76
Fiber Building Boards - Hard and Medium Boards for General

Purpose - Quality Specifications - Water Absorption and Swelling
in Thickness
ISO 3179: 74
Coniferous Sawn Timber - Nominal Dimensions
ISO 4759-
Tolerances for Fasteners
ISO 4759-1: 78
Part 1: Bolts, Screws and Nuts with Thread Diameters Greater

than or Equal to 1,6 and less than or Equal to 150mm and
Product Grades A, B, and C
ISO 4759-3: 91
Part 3: Plain Washers for Bolts, Screws and Nuts with Nominal
Thread Diameters from1 up to and Including 150 mm. Product
Grades A and C
1 02 01 04
USA Standards
1 02 01 04 01
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

ASTM D 9: 87
Standard Terminology Relating to Wood (Amendment 1992)
ASTM D 245: 93
Standard Practice for Establishing Structural Grades and

Related Allowable Properties for Visually Graded Lumber
ASTM D 1037: 96
Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of Wood - Base

Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
ASTM D 1038: 83
Standard Terminology Relating to Veneer and Plywood

(Amendment 1993)
ASTM D 1101: 92
Standard Test Methods for Integrity of Glue Joints in Structural

Laminated Wood Products for Exterior Use
ASTM D 1165: 80
Standard Nomenclature of Domestic Hardwoods and Softwoods

(Amendment 1994)
ASTM D 1554: 86
Standard Definitions of Terms Relating to Wood - Base Fiber

and Particle Panel Materials (Amendment 1993)
ASTM D 1601: 86
Standard Test Method for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Ethylene

Polymers (Amendment 1991)
ASTM D 1760 : 96
Standard Specification for Pressure Treatment of Timber

Products
ASTM D 1990 : 91
Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for

Visually - Graded Dimension Lumber from In Grade Tests of
Full - Size Specimens (Amendment 1996)
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ODAC
ASTM D 2555 : 96
Standard Test Methods for Establishing Clear Wood Strength

Values
ASTM D 2559 : 92
Standard Specification for Adhesives for Structural Laminated

Wood Products for Use under Exterior (Wet Use) Exposure
Conditions (Amendment 1996)
ASTM D 2898 : 94
Standard Test Methods for Accelerated Weathering of Fire Retardant - Treated Wood for Fire Testing (Amendment 1996)
ASTM D 3201 : 94
Standard Test Method for Hygroscopic Properties of FireRetardant Wood and Wood-Base Products (Amendment 1996)
1 02 01 04 20
1 02 01 04 21
1 02 01 05
ASTM D 3737 : 96
Standard Practice for Establishing Stresses for Structural Glued

Laminated Timber ( Glulam)
ASTM D 3930 : 93
Standard Specification for Adhesives for Wood - Based Materials

for Construction of Manufactured Homes
ASTM F 547 : 77
Standard Terminology of Nails for Use with Wood and Wood Base Materials (Amendment 1984)
American Wood-Preservers`Association
AWPA C1 : 95
All Timber Products - Preservative Treatment by Pressure

Processes
AWPA C 9 : 95
Plywood, Pressure Treatment
AWPA C15 : 95
Wood for Commercial - Residential Construction, Preservative

Treatment
AWPA C16 : 95
Wood used on Frames, Pressure Treatment
AWPA C20 : 93
Structural lumber, Fire-Retardant Pressure Treatment
AWPA C27 : 93
Plywood, Fire-Retardant Pressure Treatment
AWPA C28 : 95
Structural Glued Laminated Members and Laminations Before

Gluing, Pressure Treatment
AWPA C33 : 93
Preservative Treatment of Structural Composite Lumber
AWPA M4 : 95
Care of Pressure - Treated Wood Products
AWPA M5 : 95
Glossary of Terms used in Wood Preservation
American Institute of Timber Construction

AITC 117-D : 93
Standard Specifications for Structural Glued Laminated Timber

of Softwood Species Design Requirements
AITC 117-M : 93
Standard Specification for Structural Glued Laminated Timber of

Softwood Species Manufacturing requirements
AITC 119 : 85
Standard Specifications for Hardwood Glued Laminated Timber
AITC 200 : 92
Inspection Manual
AITC A190.1 : 92
Structural Glued Laminated Timber
European Standards
EN 301 : 92
Adhesives, phenolic and aminoplastic, for load-bearing timber

structures : classification and performance requirements
EN 302 -
Adhesives for Load-Bearing Timber Structures - Test Methods-
EN 302 - 1 : 92
Part 1 : Determination of Bond Strength in Longitudinal Tensile

Shear
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EN 302 - 2 : 92
Part 2 : Determination of Resistance to Delamination (Laboratory

Method)
EN 302 - 3 : 92
Part 3 : Determination of the Effect of Acid Damage to Wood

Fibers by Temperature and Humidity Cycling on the Transverse
Tensile Strength
EN 302 - 4 : 92
Part 4 : Determination of the Effects of Wood Shrinkage on the

Shear Strength
EN 309 : 92
Wood Particleboards - Definition and Classification
EN 310 : 93
Wood-based panels - Determination of modulus of elasticity in

bending and of bending strength
EN 311 : 92
Particleboards - Surface Soundness of Particleboards - Test

Method
EN 312 -
Particleboards - Specifications
EN 312 - 1 : 96
Part 1 : General Requirements for all Board Types
EN 312 - 2 : 96
Part 2 : Requirements for General Purpose Boards for Use in

Dry Conditions
EN 312 - 3 : 96
Part 3 : Requirements for Boards for Interior Fitments for Use in

Dry Conditions
EN 312 - 4 : 96
Part 4 : Requirements for Load - Bearing Boards for Use in Dry

Conditions
EN 312 - 6 : 96
Part 6 : Requirements for Heavy Duty Load- Bearing Boards for

Use in Dry Conditions
EN 313 -
Plywood - Classification and Terminology
EN 313 - 1 : 96
Part 1 : Classification
EN 320 : 93
Fiber boards - Determination of Resistance to Axial withdrawal of

Screws
EN 321 : 91
Fiberboards - Cyclic Tests in Humid Conditions
EN 322 : 93
Wood-based panels - Determination of moisture content
EN 323 : 93
Wood-based panels - Determination of density
EN 324 -
Wood-based panels - Determination of dimensions of boards
EN 324 - 1: 93
Part 1 : Determination of thickness width and length
EN 324 - 2 : 93
Part 2 : Determination of Squareness and Edge Straightness
EN 325 : 93
Wood - Based Panels - Determination of Dimensions of Test

Pieces
EN 326 -
Wood - Based Panels - Sampling, Cutting and Inspection
EN 326 - 1 : 94
Part 1 : Sampling and Cutting of Test Pieces and Expression of

Test Results
EN 336 : 95
Structural timber - Coniferous and poplar - Sizes - Permissible

deviation
EN 338 : 95
Structural Timber - Strength Classes
EN 380 : 93
Timber Structures - Test Methods - General Principles for Static

Load Testing
EN 384 : 95
Structural timber - Determination of characteristic values of

mechanical properties and density
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EN 385 : 95
Finger Jointed Structural Timber - Performance Requirements

and Minimum Production Requirements
EN 386 : 95
Glued laminated timber-Performance requirements and minimum

production requirements
EN 390 : 94
Glued laminated timber - Sizes - Permissible deviations
EN 391 : 95
Glued laminated Timber - Delamination Test of Glue Lines
EN 392 : 95
Glued laminated timber - Shear test of glue lines
EN 518 : 95
Structural timber - Grading - Requirements for visual strength

grading standards
EN 519 : 95
Structural timber - Grading - Requirements for machine strength

graded timber and grading machines
EN 595 : 95
Timber Structures - Test Methods - Test of Trusses for the

Determination of Strength and Deformation Behaviour
EN 635
Plywood - Classification by surface appearance
EN 635 - 1 : 94
Part 1 - General
EN 635 - 2 : 95
Part 2 - Hardwood
EN 635 - 3 : 95
Part 3 - Softwood
EN 20898
Mechanical Properties of Fasteners
EN 20898 - 1 : 92
Part 1 - Bolts, Screws, and Studs ( see ISO 898-1)
PREN 636 -
Plywood - Specifications
PREN 636 - 1 : 92
Part 1 - Requirements for Plywood for Non - Covered Exterior

Use
PREN 636 - 2 : 92
Part 2 - Requirements for Plywood for Covered Exterior Use
PREN 636 - 3 : 92
Part 3 - Requirements for Plywood for Interior Use
British Standards
BS 144 : 97
Coal Tar Creosote for Wood Preservation
BS 476 - 1 : 71
Part 1 : Fire Tests on Building Materials and Structures
BS 919 - 3 : 68
Specification for Screw Gauge Limits and Tolerances, Part 3 :

Gauges for ISO Metric Screw Threads
BS 1142 : 89(92)
Fibre Building Boards
BS 1202 -
Specification for nails
BS 1202 - 1 : 74(91) Part 1: Steel Nails

BS 1202 - 2 : 74
Part 2: Copper Nails
BS 1202 - 3 : 74
Part 3: Aluminium Nails
BS 1203 : 79(90)
Synthetic resin adhesives (phenolic and aminoplastic) for

plywood
BS 1204 : 93
Type MR phenolic and aminoplastic synthetic resin adhesives for

wood
BS 1210 : 63
Wood Screws
BS 1282 : 75
Guide to the Choice, Use and Application of Wood Preservatives
BS 1579 : 60
Connectors for Timber
BS 3544 : 62(92)
Methods of Test for Polyvinyl Acetate Adhesives for Wood

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BS 3643 -
ISO Metric Screw Threads
BS 3643 - 1 : 81
Part 1: Principles and Basic Data
BS 3643 - 2 : 81
Part 2: Selected Limits of Size
BS 4071 : 66(92)
Polyvinyl Acetate (PVA) Emulsion Adhesives for Wood
BS 4072 -
Wood Preservation by Means of Copper/ Chromium/ Arsenic

Compositions
BS 4072 - 1 : 87(89) Preservatives

BS 4072 - 2 : 87
Method of Timber Treatment
BS 4261 : 85
Glossary of Terms Relating to Timber Preservation
BS 4320 : 68
Metal Washers for General Engineering Purposes
BS 4978 : 96(97)
Visual strength grading of softwood
BS 5268 -
Structural use of timber
BS 5268 - 4
Fire resistance of timber structures
BS 5268 - 4 : 78(90) Section 4.1 : Recommendations for calculating fire resistance of

timber members
BS 5268 - 4 : 90
Section 4.2 : Recommendations for calculating fire resistance of

timber stud walls and joisted floor constructions
BS 5442
Classification of Adhesives for Construction
BS 5442 - 3 : 79
Part 3 : Adhesives for Use with Wood
BS 5666
Wood Preservatives and Treatment Timber
BS 5666 - 2 : 80
Part 2 : Qualitative Analysis
BS 5707 : 97
Preparations of Wood Preservations in Organic Solvents
BS 5756 : 97
Visual strength grading of hardwood
BS 6040 : 81
Nomenclature for Bolts, Screw, Nuts and Accessories
BS 6100
Glossary of building and civil engineering terms
BS 6100 - 4
Forest products
BS 6100 - 4.1 :92
Characteristics and properties of timber and wood based panel

products
BS 6100 - 4.2 :84
Sizes and quantities of solid timber
BS 6100 - 4.3 :84
Wood based panel products
BS 6100 - 4.4 : 92
Carpentry and joinery
BS 6446 : 84
Manufacture of glued structural components of timber and wood

based panel products
BS 7359 : 91
Nomenclature of Commercial Timbers Including Sources of

Supply
BS EN 20898
Mechanical Properties of Fasteners
BS EN 20898 - 1: 92 Part 1 : Bolts, Screws and Studs (see ISO 898-1)
1 02 01 07
German Standard
DIN 96 : 86
Slotted round head wood screws
DIN 97 : 86
Slotted Countersunk head wood screws
DIN 571 : 86
Hexagon head wood screws

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DIN 1052 -
Timber structures
DIN 1052 - 1:96
Part 1 : Design and construction
DIN 1052 - 2:96
Part 2 : Mechanical joints
DIN 1052 - 3:96
Part 3 : Buildings constructed from timber panels - Design and

construction
DIN 1151 :73
Round Plain Head and Countersunk Head Wire Nails
DIN 1152 : 73
Round Lost Head Wire Nails
DIN 4074 -1 : 89
Strength grading of coniferous wood ; coniferous sawn timber
DIN 4074 -2 : 58
Building Timber for Wood Building Components ; Quality

Conditions for Building Logs (Softwood)
DIN 4074 -3 : 89
Strength grading of coniferous wood ; grading machine;

requirements and testing
DIN 4074 -4 : 89
Strength grading of coniferous wood; certificate of suitability for

machine grading
DIN 18201 : 97
Tolerances in building : Terminology, principles, application,

testing
DIN 18202 : 97
Dimensional tolerances in building construction : Buildings
DIN 18203 - 3 : 84
Tolerances for building : building components of timber and

wood based panel products
DIN 18334 : 88
Carpentry Works
DIN 68141 : 95
Wood adhesives - Determination of Properties of use of Wood

Adhesives for Load - Bearing Timber Structures
DIN 68365 : 57
Structural timber for carpentry; quality conditions
DIN 68705 - 2 : 81
Part 2: Plywood; plywood for general use
DIN 68705 - 3 : 81
Part 3 : Plywood; structural veneer plywood
DIN 68705 - 4 : 81
Part 4 : Plywood; structural core - plywood
DIN 68705 - 5 : 80
Part 5 : Plywood; structural plywood made from beech
DIN 68750 : 58
Wood Fibre Building Boards; Porous and HardWood Fibre

Building Boards; Quality Conditions
DIN 68754 -1 : 76
Part 1:Hard and medium hard boards for the building; grade 20
of derived timber products
DIN 68800
protection of timber
DIN 68800 -2 : 96
Part 2 : Preventive constructional measures in buildings
DIN 68800 -3 : 90
Part 3 : preventive chemical protection
DIN 68800 -5 : 90
Part 5 : preventive chemical protection for wood based materials
Canadian Standards
CSA 0121 - M : 78
Canadian Douglas fir plywood
CSA 0151 - M : 78
Canadian softwood plywood
CSA 080.20 - M 89
Fire - Retardant Treatment of Lumber by Pressure Processes
CSA 080.27 - M 89
Fire - Retardant Treatment of Plywood by Pressure Processes
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Swedish Standard
SBN : 75 : 5
1 02 01 10
1 02 02
ODAC
Wood based sheet material - Manufacture and control of

constructional boards
Finnish Standards
SFS 2412 : 71
General rules for the classification of plywood with outer plies of

Birch
SFS 2413 : 71
Quality requirements for appearance of plywood with outer plies

of birch
SFS 4091 : 88
Finnish combi plywood
SFS 4092 : 88
Finnish conifer plywood
Codes
BS 5268 - 2 : 96(97) Part 2 : Code of practice for permissible stress design, materials
and workmanship
BS 5268 - 5 : 89
Part 5 : Code of practice for the preservative treatment of

structural timber
BS 5669 - 5 : 93(97) Code of practice for the selection and application of

particleboards for specific purposes
BS 7916 : 98
Code of practice for the selection and application of

particleboard, oriented strand board (OSB), cement bonded
particleboard and wood fiberboard for specific purposes.
BS 8000 - 5 : 90
Part 5 : Code of Practice for Carpentry, Joinery and General

Fixings
DD ENV 1995 - 1 - 1 Eurocode 5 : Design of timber structures Part 1.1 General rules
and rules for buildings
1 02 03
1 03
1 03 01
Other References
NBS PS 1-82
American Construction and Industrial Plywood
NLGA : 87 (92)
North American Export Standard for Machine Stress - Rated

Lumber, (also produced by SPIB,WCLIB, WWPA)
NLGA : 94
National Grading Rules for Dimension Lumber
PS 1 - 95
Product Standard (for Construction and Industrial Plywood) of

the United States Department of Commerce
PS 2 - 92
Voluntary Product Standard ( Performance Standard for WoodBased Structural-Use Panels), the United State Department of
Commerce
Definitions
Technical Terms
The following description of terms is extensively based on:
BS 6100 EN 309 : 1992
Glossary of building and civil engineering terms

Wood particleboards - Definition and classification
batten - small section, usually of timber, to which sheet materials, slates and roof tiles
or similar are fixed
customary size - is specified as target size
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dry graded timber - timber that is part of a batch that has been assessed for fissures
and distortion at an average moisture content of 20% or less, with no reading
exceeding 24% moisture content
fissure - longitudinal separation of fibers, appearing on a face, edges or end of a
piece of softwood, and including checks, shakes and splits
glued laminated member (glulam)- timber structural member obtained by gluing
together a number of laminations having their grain essentially parallel
grade - established classification of timber and wood based panel products according
to quality or performance
grade stress - stress which can safely be permanently sustained by material of a
specific section size and of a particular strength class or species and grade
hardboard - fiber building board that has a density usually exceeding 800 kg/m3
hardwood - wood of trees of the botanical group DICOTYLEDONAE
horizontal glulam- Glued laminated timber with the glue line plane perpendicular to
the long length of the cross section
lumber - timber dressed for use. The product of the sawmill and planing mill usually
not further manufactured other than by sawing, resawing, passing lengthwise through
a standard planing machine, crosscutting to length, and matching
member - structural component which may be either a piece of solid timber or built up
from pieces of timber, plywood, etc. (e.g. floor joist, box beam, member in a truss)
nominal size ( lumber) - the appropriate rough - sawn commercial size designation of
width and depth, by which it is known and sold in the market. Actual rough - sawn
sizes may vary from the nominal. References to standards or grade rules are required
to determine nominal / actual finished size relationships
parcel - quantity of sawn timber of the same target size, quality and description
particleboard - panel material manufactured under pressure and heat from particles
of wood (wood flakes, chips, shaving, saw-dust, wafers, strands and similar) and /or
other lignocellulosic materials in particle forum (flax shives, hemp shives, bagasse
fragments and similar) with addition of an adhesive
pellet - plug matching the grain of the surrounding timber used to cover a screw or
other fixing
plywood - wood based panel product consisting of an assembly of plies bonded
together, some or all of which are wood. Normally the direction of the grain in adjacent
plies is at right angles, with the outer and inner plies placed symmetrically on each
side of a central ply or core
sample - number of specimens of one cross-sectional size and from one parcel
slope of grain - the inclination of the wood fibers (grain) to the longitudinal axis of the
piece. The slope shall be expressed as the number of units of length over which unit
deviation occurs
softwood - wood of trees of the botanical group GYMNOSPERMS, commercial
timbers of this group are practically confined to the class of conifers
strength class - classification of softwood based on particular characteristic values of
bending strength, density and mean modulus of elasticity parallel to the grain
stud - one of a series of slender wood structural members used as supporting
elements in walls and partitions
target size - size used to indicate the size desired (at 20 % moisture content), and
used, without further modification, for design calculations
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tempered hardboard - hardboard with higher strength and resistance to water

absorption than standard hardboard. It has a density usually exceeding 960 kg/m3
timber - wood in the form of standing or felled trees, or the product of these after
conversion
vertical glulam- Glued laminated timber with the glue lines plane perpendicular to the
short length of the cross section
wall plate - structural member along the top of a wall or built into its length, that
distributes the forces from joists, rafters or roof trusses
wet graded timber - timber that is part of a batch that has been assessed for fissures
and distortion at average moisture content in excess of 20%
wood based panel product - manufactured panel, board or sheet made from
veneers, wood particles or wood fibers
1 03 02
1 05
Abbreviations
ALSC
American Lumber Standard Committee (US)
APA
American Plywood Association (US)
CLSAB
Canadian Lumber Standards Accreditation (Canada)
COFI
Council of Forest Industries (Canada)
CSA
Canadian Standards Association (Canada)
ECE
Economic Commission for Europe (UN)
KD
Kiln dried
MSR
North American Export Standard for Machine Stress-Rated

Lumber
NBS
National Bureau of Standards (US)
NELMA
Northeastern Lumber Manufacturers Association (US)
NGRDL
National Grading Rules for Dimension Lumber (US)
NIST
National Institute for Standards and Technology (US)
NLGA
National Lumber Grades Authority (Canada)
RIS
Redwood Inspection Service (US)
SPIB
Southern Pine Inspection Bureau (US)
TTF
Timber Trade Federation (UK)
UKTGC
UK Timber Grading Committee (UK)
VTT
Technical Research Center of Finland (Finland)
WCLIB
West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau (US)
WWPA
Western Wood Products Association (US)
Submittals
Submit the following in accordance with Conditions of Contract and Section
1300.
1 05 01
Product Data
Provide product data for all structural timber including the grading, size, surface
condition, quality, moisture content of timber used, and service class. Proof of
treatment shall be given prior to the storage and the use of any timber in the
work.
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Provide certificates from the supplier of the adhesive, to prove that the adhesive
supplied is capable of performing correctly under the climatic and atmospheric
conditions likely to be encountered in Lybia and test certificates to ensure
appropriate bond.
Provide certificates from both the preservative and the glue manufacturers to
prove compatibility.
Provide certificates confirming that the solution and method of impregnation or
coating used are correct for the purpose for which they are to be used in relation
to the expected climatic conditions and insect attack inLybia.
The contractor shall submit certificates to the Engineer confirming that the
method and material proposed for fire - retardant treatment give the performance
required.
1 05 02
Shop Drawings
Provide shop drawings showing fabrication and installation of standard and
custom made timber and prefabricated structural timber. Include details of the
connection and method of securing member, anchorage, cuts and notches in
structural member, metal seats, columns caps, brackets, sheer plates, split ring,
and seats of the girders or beams in load bearing brick or masonry. Details for
handling shall be shown on the working drawing
1 05 03
Samples
1 05 04
Quality Control Submittals

Documented experience of contractor`s site supervisor(s).
Reports and records of contractor`s Internal `Quality Control`.
Reports and records of contractor`s External `Quality Control`.
1 05 05
Handing - Over Submittals
1 05 05 02
Operation and Maintenance Data

Provide schedule and data for maintenance of structural metalwork if any, bolts, and
features of the construction which are essential to the structural performance. e.g.
vapour barriers, ventilators, etc.
1 06
Quality Assurance
Sampling, testing and checking shall be recorded on a daily basis (i.e. indicating day,
month, year) including corrective actions taken by the contractor if necessary.
Reports and records shall be available for assessment to the Engineer not later than
three (3) days after testing and checking.
Reports and records shall be established in a manner to ensure traceability between
records, test results and locations of timber parcel.
Arrangement shall be made in contractor`s work schedule and time allowed for testing
and checking as indicated.
1 06 01
Qualifications
1 06 01 01
Qualifications of Manufacturers
Products used in the work of this Section shall be produced by manufacturers regularly
engaged in manufacture of similar items and with a history of successful production
acceptable to the Engineer.
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Qualifications of Installers
Use adequate number of skilled workmen who are thoroughly trained and experienced
in the necessary crafts and who are completely familiar with the specified
requirements and the methods needed for proper performance of work. Contractor`s
site supervisor(s) shall have knowledge of referenced standards and at least five (5)
years of documented experience.
1 06 03
Certifications
All structural timber should be graded under the Supervision of a/ and bear the mark
of a Third Party certification body approved for that purpose by the Engineer.
The grading and the mark of a Third Party shall comply but not limited to one of the
following as approved by the Engineer:
- Grading rules apply to products graded in the UK , in accordance with BS
5268 : Part 2. All approved certification bodies are given in a list published by
the Timber Trade Federation.
- Grading rules apply to products graded outside the UK (adopted in BS 5268 :
part 2). National Grading Rules for Dimension Lumber , NLGA.
- Grading rules apply to products graded outside the UK (adopted in BS 5268 :
part 2). National Grading Rules for softwood Dimension Lumber, NGRDL.
- Grading rules apply to products bearing the mark of the Council of Forest
Industries (COFI) (adopted in BS 5268 : part 2). CSA 0121 - M 1978, CSA 0151
- M 1978.
- Grading rules apply to products bearing the mark of the American Plywood
Association (APA) or Timberco Inc. (TECO) ( adopted in BS 5268 : part 2). NBS
PS 1-83.
- Grading rules apply to products bearing the mark of the Technical Research
Center of Finland (VTT) (adopted in BS 5268 : part 2). SFS 2412, SFS 2413,
SFS 4091, SF 4092, BS EN 310, BS EN 314, BS EN 315, BS EN 322, BS EN
323, and BS EN 324.
- Grading rules apply to products bearing the mark of Boverket, (adopted in BS
5268 : part 2). SBN 1975.5
- Grading rules of ECE (adopted in BS 5268 : part 2).
- Grading rules MSR :87 produced by the NLGA, SPIB, WCLIB, and WWPA
(adopted in BS 5268 : part 2).
- Grading rules specified in the 1997 Uniform Building Code Standard 23-1,232, 23-3.
- Grading standards given in EN 518 : INSTA, NF B 52-001-4, STS 04, UNI
8198, IS 127, DIN 4074 (1)
1 06 04
Quality Control
1 06 04 01
Internal Quality Control

Contractors internal quality control shall include but not be limited to:
Checking suppliers test certificates and certificates of compliance to conform with
specification and referenced standards prior to assembly or installation.
Checking suppliers delivery tickets of each delivery for completeness and compliance
with supply order and specification.
For further quality control requirements see Part 2 : Products.
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1 06 04 03
Source Quality Control
1 06 04 03 01
Marking
Each piece of graded soft-, hardwood shall be indicated by marking or stamping on
one face
Each parcel or package of particleboard shall be clearly marked by the manufacture
either by indelible direct printing or by an adhesive label. Additionally, panels may be
colour coded.
1 07
1 07 01
Packing and Shipping

Undue distortion of components during transportation and handling should be avoided.
The recommendations given in BS 8000 (5) shall be followed. Damage from chafing or
slings should also be avoided. Where design assumptions for long, flexible or heavy
components dictate certain methods of handing, lifting points should be marked on the
components and methods of lifting should be shown on the shop drawings.
During handling ensure that items are not subjected to stresses greater than those that
they will sustain once installed. In particular;
a) support flat, planar items at all corners,
b) support linear items adequately along their length to avoid undue bow.
Graded timber shall be protected in transport to the extent necessary to minimize
downgrading of the timber.
To maintain particleboard in first-class condition prior to use, the recommendation
given in the following standard shall be followed :
01.0 BS 7916
02.0 EN 312
1 07 02
Storage and Protection

Keep the site clean and tidy in order that the checking, handling and storage of
materials and components can be carried out speedily and effectively.
Precautions should be taken during storage, prior to delivery, and on site to minimize
changes in moisture content due to the weather. Rain, damp and direct sunlight are all
potentially harmful to timber and wood - based components.
Materials and components should be stored on dry bases, and stacks should be
supported on bearers with spacer sticks at regular intervals. Stacks should be sheeted
with tarpaulins or other impervious material so arranged to give full cover, but at the
same time to permit free passage of air around and through the stack. Care should be
taken not to deform stacked material
Where it is essential that materials and components have low moisture contents and it
may not be possible to maintain suitable conditions on site other than for short periods,
deliveries should be arranged accordingly.
Carcassing timber delivered packaged should not be stored in packaged form for
lengthy periods. Where early use is not possible, packages should be opened and the
timber should be open - piled and suitably protected together with any loose timber.
Plywood and other wood - based materials, whether packaged or otherwise, should be
stored under cover for preference. The original packages should be sheeted with
tarpaulins or other impervious material
Provide storage in accordance with BS 8000 (5) or an equivalent Standard. Structural
components should be stored undistorted and clear of the ground on leveled trestles,
stillages or other suitable bearers. They should be sheeted with tarpaulins or other
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impervious material. Particular care should be taken to avoid damage to all materials
and components during storage on site.
1 11
Maintenance
1 11 01
Maintenance Service
Structural metalwork if any should be periodically inspected. Corroded fittings should
be thoroughly checked , cleaned and treated with an anti-corrosive or, if necessary
replaced.
Bolts in structural timberwork have to be periodically re-tightened if moisture contents
in service fluctuate by more than 10%. In all cases it is advisable to check the
tightness of bolts some 6 weeks to 8 weeks after completion of the structure, and
access for this purpose should be provided. A second inspection about 12 months
after completion is required in the case of large and heavy members.
It is imperative that features of the construction which are essential to the structural
performances of timber and timber - based components, e.g. vapour barriers,
ventilators, etc., are maintained in an effective condition during the intended life of the
structural timberwork. It shall be performed in accordance with BS 5268 : Part 5 or an
equivalent Standard.
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Part 2 :
Products
2 01
Materials
2 01 01
Timber
2 01 01 01
General
All timber shall be properly seasoned and planed square, straight and true where
required.
Woods with high resin content shall be avoided wherever possible.
Timber shall be free from evidence of fungus attack, insect attack, abnormal drying
defects, twist, warp and indication of shrinkage.
Any piece which contains defects such as compression wood, insect damage, fungal
decay (but not sapstan), mechanical damage, combinations of knots and/or other
characteristics, which may cause a decrease in strength properties to an amount
which threatens the serviceability of the finished component shall be excluded.
Visual and machine strength grading should be carried out under the control of a third
party certification body approved by the Engineer.
01.0 Timber shall be strength graded by an approved strength grading machine
operated in accordance with the requirements of :
01.1 BS EN 519
01.2 North American Export Standard for Machine Stress-Rated Lumber (MSR)
02.0 Timber shall be strength graded by visual inspection in accordance with the
requirements of :
02.1 BS 4978
02.2 BS EN 518
02.3 ECE
02.4 BS 5756
02.5 NLGA
02.6 NGRDL
03.0 For timber to be used in service classes 1 and 2, the assessment of fissures and
distortion by the grader should be made with the timber dried to an average
moisture content of :
03.1 20%
03.2 lower than 20%
with no reading being in excess of 24%, and this timber should be marked `DRY`
or `KD`
2 01 01 02
Strength Class
Softwood strength class shall be as indicated in the structural design.
Hardwood strength class shall be as indicated in the structural design.
2 01 01 03
Grade / Species
2 01 01 03 01
Grade
Timber shall be :
01.0 Visually graded in accordance with one of the following standards:
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BS 4978
BS 5756
EN 518
ECE
02.0 Graded in accordance with:
NLGA
NGRLD
MSR
the requirements of EN 519
or as approved by the Engineer
2 01 01 03 02
Species/ Softwood / North American Softwood Species

Softwood shall be of the variety specified as :
01.0 Douglas fir - larch (Canada)
02.0 Douglas fir - larch (USA)
03.0 Hem - fir (Canada)
04.0 Hem - fir (USA)
05.0 Spruce - pine - fir (Canada)
06.0 Spruce - pine - fir (USA)
07.0 Sitka spruce (Canada)
08.0 Western white woods (USA)
09.0 Southern pine (USA)
2 01 01 03 03
Species/ Softwood / British grown Softwood Species

01.0 Douglas fir (British)
02.0 Larch (British)
03.0 British pine (British)
04.0 British spruce
2 01 01 03 04
Species/ Softwood
01.0 Parana pine
02.0 Caribbean pitch pine
03.0 Redwood
04.0 White wood
05.0 Western red cedar
06.0 Corsican pine
07.0 Norway spruce
08.0 Radiata pine
09.0 Zimbabwean pine
10.0 South African pine
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ODAC
Species / Hardwood
Hardwood shall be of the variety specified as :
01.0 Iroko
02.0 Jarrah
03.0 Teak
04.0 Merbau
05.0 Opepe
06.0 Karri
07.0 Kerving
08.0 Ekki
09.0 Kapur
10.0 Kempas
11.0 Balau
12.0 Greenheart
2 01 01 03 06
Species/ Malaysian Hardwoods

Hardwood shall be of the variety specified as :
01.0 Merautis
02.0 Keruing
03.0 Kempas
04.0 Kapur
05.0 Merbau
06.0 Rubberwood
07.0 Kembang
08.0 Semangkok
09.0 Mengkulang
10.0 Sepetir
11.0 Nyatoh
12.0 Balan
2 01 01 04
Dimension (Section Size)
2 01 01 04 01
Target Size
The required target size of members should be specified in compliance with EN 336 or
an equivalent Standard.
Sizes shall be measured in accordance with ISO 737.
2 01 01 04 02
Permissible Deviations for Dimensions

The average actual thickness and the average actual width of square-edged timber
shall not be less than the target sizes making allowance for changes in size due to
changes in moisture content.
Changes in size due to change in moisture content shall meet the requirements of EN
336 or an equivalent Standard.
Permitted deviations in cross - section dimensions ( due to variability in sawing and
machining from target sizes shall meet the requirements of EN 336 or an equivalent
Standard.
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Marking
If grade marks are to be removed for aesthetic reasons, each parcel of a single grade
shall be dispatched under the cover of a certificate of Compliance stating information
according to requirements listed in BS 5268 or an equivalent Standard.
Each piece of graded soft-, hardwood shall have information clearly and indelibly
indicated by marking or stamping on one face. The information shall meet the
requirements listed in:
01.0 BS 4978 (softwood/ visual strength grading)
02.0 BS 5756 ( hardwood/ visual strength grading)
03.0 EN 518 (visual strength grading)
04.0 EN 519 (machine strength grading)
2 01 01 06
Quality Control
2 01 01 06 01
Acceptance for Visually Graded Softwood

01.0 in compliance with BS 4978:
When, on inspection of a representative sample of a parcel of graded softwood, it is
ascertained that not more than 10% of the pieces exceed the permissible limit of the
grade and, provided that not more than 3% of the pieces in the sample exceed the
permissible limits by more than 1/3, the parcel shall be considered as conforming to
the grade.
Where the parcel contains less than 10 pieces, the permissible limits shall not be
exceeded.
The measurement of the characteristics and the permissible limits for the visual
strength grades is given in ANNEX 6, figs 1 to 6 and table 1.
2 02
Manufactured Units
2 02 01
Glued Laminated Timber

Glued laminated timber shall be manufactured from separate pieces of timber
arranged in laminations parallel to the axis of the member, the individual pieces being
assembled with the grain approximately parallel, and glued together to form a member
which functions as a single structural unit. See ANNEX 6, Fig. 7 .
2 02 01 01
Manufacture Requirements
The manufacture requirements for the components of glued laminated timber
members and for the production of such members for structural use shall meet the
requirements listed in EN 386, EN 390, EN 392.
The manufacture requirements for laterally loaded joints, see clause 3 03 02 07.
The manufacture requirements for finger glued joints, see clause 3 03 02 08.
2 02 01 02
Tolerances on Sizes
Tolerances on sizes shall be in compliance with EN 390 or an equivalent Standard.
2 02 01 03
Stress Grading
Stress grading shall be in compliance with EN 386 or an equivalent Standard.
2 02 01 04
Quality Control
Quality control shall be in compliance with EN 386, EN 391, EN392 or an equivalent
Standard.
2 02 01 05
Marking
Glued laminated timber (Glulam) shall be marked.
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Preservative and Flame Retardant Treatment

Preservative and flame retardant treatment shall be in compliance with EN 386 or an
2 02 02
Wood - based Materials for Structural Purposes
2 02 02 01
Plywood
2 02 02 01 01
The manufacture requirements for plywood shall comply with the requirements listed
in EN 314, EN 315, EN 636 or an equivalent Standard.
2 02 02 01 02
Type
Type shall be in compliance with EN 313, EN 635 or an equivalent Standard.
2 02 02 01 03
Tolerances
01.0 measuring of the thickness, width, length, squareness and edge straightness
shall be in compliance with EN 324 or an equivalent Standard.
02.0 dimensional tolerances shall be in compliance with EN 315 or an equivalent
Standard.
2 02 02 01 04
Grade
2 02 02 01 05
Quality Control
The plywood shall be subjected to the quality control procedures of one of the
following :
01.0 American Wood Association (APA)
02.0 British Standards Institute (BSI)
03.0 Council of Forest Industries (COFI)
04.0 Technical Research Center of Finland (VTT)
05.0 The National Swedish Testing Institute (Statens Provningsanstalt)
06.0 Timberco Inc.(TECO)
2 02 02 02
Tempered Hardboard
2 02 02 02 01
General
Tempered hardboard for structural purposes shall meet the requirements listed within,
EN 316, EN 320, EN 321, EN 324, BS 1142, or an equivalent Standard.
2 02 02 03
Wood Particleboard
2 02 02 03 01
The manufacture requirements of particleboard for structural purpose, when
dispatched from the producing factory, shall comply with the requirements as listed in:
01.0 EN 312
02.0 BS 7916, BS 5268
2 02 02 03 02
Type
Type shall be in compliance with:
01.0 EN 309
02.0 BS 7916
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Tolerances
For certain types or uses of particleboards, or in the case of dispatch in cut size, or
further machined, (tongued and grooved, and similar), special tolerances for properties
tolerances on nominal dimension, Edge straightness tolerance, and squareness
tolerance may be agreed upon.
01.0 measuring of the thickness, width, length, squareness and edge straightness
shall be in compliance with:
01.1 EN 324
01.1 BS 7916
02.0
dimensional tolerance shall be in compliance with:
02.1EN 312
2 02 02 03 04
Grade
Marking of particleboard shall be carried out in accordance with:
01.0
EN 312
02.0
BS 7916
2 05
Accessories
2 05 01
Fixings
2 05 01 01
Nails
Nails shall be suitable for the position in which they are to be used in regard to
material, length, finish, diameter, strength, head size and thickness.
Masonry nails shall be of hard steel and used for fixing to brickwork, blockwork or
concrete only with the approval of the Engineer.
Nails shall comply with BS 1202, or an equivalent Standards.
2 05 01 02
Wood Screws
Screws shall be suitable for the purpose for which they are to be used in regard to
material, size, shape and thread.
Screws shall comply with one of the Standards ISO 724, ISO 898 (1), ISO 1502, ISO
4759, BS 919(3), BS 1210, BS 3643, DIN 96, DIN 97, DIN 571 or an equivalent
Standards.
2 05 01 03
Bolts
Bolts shall conform to BS EN 20898-1, and washers shall conform to BS 4320.The
tolerance for bolts, nuts and washers shall be to ISO 4759, or an equivalent
Standards.
2 05 01 03 01
Cast in Bolts
Cast in bolts shall be bolts with one end ragged for building into concrete or grouted
mortices and the other end threaded for the fixing of members with a nut.
2 05 01 03 02
Toggle Bolts
Toggle bolts shall be used through materials of limited thickness where access is
obtainable from one side only. A hole shall be drilled into the material and the bolt
inserted. The toggle shall drop to the other side by gravity and can then be tightened
against the face of the structure.
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2 05 01 03 03
Expansion Bolts and self drilling Anchors
2 05 01 04
Fixing Plugs
Softwood plugs shall not be used.
The following types of plugs may be used as agreed by the Engineer:
01.0 A patent metal or plastic plug.
02.0 A plastic filling.
2 05 02
Fasteners
2 05 03
Timber Pellets
Timber pellets shall be of the same material as that being filled. Pellets shall be the full
depth of the hole. The grain shall run in the same direction as the grain of the wood
being filled
2 05 04
Connectors
Connectors shall be used only for jointing structural timber which overlap in any
direction and shall not be used for end joints.
2 05 04 01
Split Ring Connectors

Split ring connectors shall conform to BS 1579 or an equivalent Standard. See
ANNEX 6, Fig. 8. .
2 05 04 02
Toothed Plate Connectors

Toothed plate connectors shall conform to BS 1579 or an equivalent Standard. See
ANNEX 6, Fig. 9.
.
2 05 04 02 01
Double - Sided Toothed Plate

See ANNEX 6, Fig. 9.
2 05 04 02 02
Single - Sided Toothed Plate

2 05 04 03
Shear Plate Connectors

Shear plate connectors shall conform to BS 1579 or equivalent Standard. See ANNEX
6, Fig.10.
.
2 05 04 03 01
Pressed Steel Shear Plates

2 05 04 03 02
Malleable Cast Iron Shear Plates

2 06
Adhesives
The adhesive used should be appropriate to the environment in which the joint will be
used.
Adhesives shall comply with the recommendations contained in BS 1203, BS 1204,
BS 4071, BS 5442(3), EN 301, EN 302 or equivalent Standards approved by the
Engineer.
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2 07
Fabrication
2 07 01
Preservatives Treatment of Structural Timber
2 07 01 01
Preparation of Timber
Preparation of timber before preservative treatment regarding surface condition,
moisture content and fabrication before treatment shall comply with BS 5268 (5) or an
2 07 01 02
Preservatives and Methods of Application

The timber preservatives selected shall be able to come into contact with other
materials without adverse effect. The selection of preservative treatment in various
structural situations shall meet the requirements listed in BS 5268 (5), BS 1282, BS
4072 or an equivalent Standard.
2 07 01 02 01
Creosote Treatment
Creosote treatment shall be applied in accordance with BS 144, or an equivalent
Standard.
2 07 01 02 02
Copper Chrome Arsenate (CCA) Treatment

CCA treatment shall comply with the requirements laid down in BS 4072 Part 2, BS
5268 Part 5, or an equivalent Standard.
2 07 01 02 03
Organic Solvent (OS) Treatment

Organic treatment shall be applied in accordance with BS 5707: Part 3, BS 5268 : Part
5, or an equivalent Standard.
2 07 01 03
Handling and Processing Timber after Treatment

After treatment, timber shall be open stacked and well ventilated to ensure
evaporation of excess preservative. All treated timber shall be dry before incorporation
in the works. Subsequently cut or damaged surfaces shall be suitably treated.
Handling and processing timber after treatment shall be in accordance with BS 5258
(5), BS 4072 (2) or an equivalent Standard.
2 07 01 04
Checking Preservative Treatment

Shall meet the requirements listed in BS 5268 (5) or an equivalent Standard.
2 07 02
Fire - Retardant Treatment

Flame retardant shall be used under such conditions and in such a manner that they
will not adversely affect other materials or processes.
Materials treated with flame retardant shall not be freely exposed to the weather or to
similar environmental conditions, which may affect the performance of the treatment
Attention is drawn to the possibility of corrosive reactions between some flame
retardant and metallic fittings and to the possible adverse effect on structural
properties.
Care shall be taken when corrosive metals are to come into contact with salt type fire
retardant, and the contractor shall ensure complete dryness of the timber.
Treated timber shall comply with AWPA C20, AWPA C27, ASTM D 2898, ASTM D
3201, or CSA 080.20 - M 89, CSA 080.27 - M 89, or equivalent Standard.
Fire - retardant shall be applied by :
01.0 surface treatment.
02.0 pressure impregnation
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ODAC
Decorative Treatments
See Clause 3 07
2 07 04
Anti - Corrosive Treatments

See Clause 3 07
2 07 05
Machining and Preparation (cutting to size, trimming)

The size, shape and finish of all members and materials shall conform to the detailed
drawings and specifications.
Glued laminated timber shall be installed after planing rough areas, plane marks and
knots which have not been plugged are permissible.
As far as possible, the timber shall be ordered in dimensions in which it will be used,
and shall not be sawn into smaller cross sectional sizes as this may result in distortion
of the timber and cause the grade and dimensional tolerances to change.
Dimensions and spacings should not be scaled from drawings.
Woodwork shall be :
01.0 sawn to the correct shape and size.
02.0 planed to the correct shape and size.

03.0 drilled to the correct shape and size.
04.0 machined to the correct shape and size.
2 07 05 01
Nominal Dimensions
For each planed face on structural timber an allowance shall be made of the `nominal`
dimensions, see Clause 2 01 01 04 02.
2 07 05 02
Surfaces
The quality of the surface, as finished, shall be appropriate to the position and use of
the timber and in accordance with the instructions.
Surfaces and contact areas of joints shall be appropriate to joint and jointing method.
Surfaces at any joint in an assembly shall be such that the parts may be brought into
contact over the whole area of the joint before connectors are inserted or any pressure
or restraint from the fastening is applied.
Bearing surfaces of notches and other cuttings shall be true and smooth and in
appropriate relation to the other surfaces of the piece.
2 07 05 03
Notching
Notches other than at the ends of beams shall be U - shaped and formed by parallel
cuts to previously drilled holes. The diameter of the hole shall be equal to the width of
the required notch.
Care should be taken to ensure that notches and holes are not so positioned in a
member that the remainder of the cross section contains a knot or other defect, which
will significantly affect its strength.
Cutting, notching or modification of members, other than that allowed by the drawings
and specification will not be permitted. Structural members shall not be cut, notched,
or bored more than one - fourth of their depth without adequate additional reinforcing,
which shall be approved by the Engineer.
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ODAC
Treatment of Cut Surfaces

The cutting of timber after preservative treatment shall be avoided. However, when it
is unavoidable, exposed untreated timber should be given a liberal application of
suitable preservative in accordance with BS 5268 : Part 5.
2 07 05 05
Re - Marking
When grade or other necessary identification marks are removed, provisions shall be
made for re - marking in accordance with EN 518, EN 519, BS 5756, EN 312, and EN
386.
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Part 3 :
Execution
3 01
General Examination
The Contractor shall check and make sure, that :
a)
any conditions not suitable for anchoring or fastening;
b)
any excessive construction moisture;
c)
the absence of any recesses required;
d)
the absence of any structural timber preservation;
e)
the incorrect position of foundations, point of support or other forms of

substructure;
f)
any missing datum levels for each storey shall be repaired, completed
or otherwise corrected.
The Contractor has to ensure that the conditions necessary for the proper support and
restraint of roofs are obtained in the walls and other related structures.
3 03
Installation
3 03 01
General
Materials shall be applied, used and fixed in such a way as to perform adequately the
functions for which they are designed.
Securely brace timber members or components temporarily during construction to hold
them in positions, to prevent displacement by wind or other forces and to prevent
straining unfinished work.
All members shall be framed, anchored, tied and braced to develop the strength and
rigidity necessary for the purposes for which they are used.
Workmanship in fabrication, preparation and installation of materials shall conform in
all respects to accepted good practice. The recommendations given in BS 8000 (5) or
an equivalent standard shall be followed.
There should be adequate supervision throughout the preparation and construction of
the structure to ensure that it conforms to the principles and practical considerations of
the design
Members , which are damaged, crushed or split beyond the limits permitted for similar
defects in the grading, should be rejected or repaired to the satisfaction of the
Engineer. The recommendations of BS 4978, EN 518, EN 386, BS 5268 (2), BS 5756,
or an equivalent standards shall be followed. For wood particleboard, in addition , all
the recommendation of BS 5669 Part 2 shall be followed.
If the marking or stamping is removed by processing or crosscutting, the timber shall
be re-marked or re stamped with its original grade or strength class, the species or
species combination, the standard to which it is graded and the name of the
processing company, prefixed by the letter `R` to denote re-marking (see clause 2 07
05 05).
The timber shall be in single lengths or in two or more lengths jointed end - to - end
by finger - jointing in accordance with EN 385 and/or to the approval of the Engineer.
Ends of timber built into walls and the cut faces of timber cut after preservative
treatment shall be given two coats of preservative before being fixed.
Shakes occurring during drying out in solid and glued laminated timber used to form
components are permissible provided that stability is not adversely affected.
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Nails used to fasten planks, battens or boards made from timber or wood - based
panel products shall be at least 2.5 times as long as the thickness of the components
to be fastened.
The manufacturer`s instructions regarding application shall be followed in all cases.
Adhesives shall be correctly selected to ensure a good bond between faces.
3 03 02
Joints (Jointing)
The execution of all jointing shall be to the Engineers approval.
All framing shall be jointed as specified or in the most appropriate manner so that they
will transmit the loads and resist the stress to which they will be subjected.
All joint surfaces shall be in good contact over the whole area of the joint before
fastenings are applied.
Wane, fissures, knots or other defects which have not been allowed for in the design,
and which may affect significantly the load-carrying capacity, will not be permitted at a
joint.
Under some conditions, metal fasteners may become corroded through contact with
treated timber. The manufacturer of the treatment chemical shall therefore be
consulted about the possibility of interactions.
Where wide members are involved, regard should be paid to the possible splitting of
the member if its moisture content is reduced after the joint is made.
3 03 02 01
Nailed Joints
Nailed joints shall meet the requirements listed in BS 5268 (2). A nailed joint should
normally contain at least two nails. Hardwoods in strength classes D 30 to D 70 shall
be predrilled unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer. The diameter of pre-drilled
holes should be not greater than 0.8 times the nail diameter. The end distances, edge
distances and spacing of nails shall be such as to avoid undue splitting and, unless
shown by test to be satisfactory, shall meet the requirements listed in BS 5268 (2), BS
8000 (5) or other equivalent Standard. Clenched nails shall be bent at right angles to
the grain.
The recommendations regarding nail spacing, timber-to-timber joints, steel plate-totimber joints, plywood-to-timber joints, tempered hardboard-to timber joints, and
particleboard-to-timber joints shall be in accordance of BS 5268 (2) or an equivalent
Standard.
3 03 02 02
Screwed Joints
Screwed joints shall meet the requirements listed in BS 5268 (2) or equivalent
Standard. Screws should be turned, not hammered, into pre-drilled holes. The hole for
the shank shall have a diameter equal to the shank diameter and be no deeper than
the length of the shank. The pilot hole for the threaded portion of the screw shall have
a diameter of about half the shank diameter. The tops of countersunk screws shall be
no more than 1 mm below the surface of the timber. A non-corrosive lubricant may be
used to facilitate insertion. Care shall be taken to avoid placing screws in any end split.
The recommendations regarding screw spacing, timber - to - timber joints, and steel
plate-to-timber joints shall be in accordance of BS 5268 (2), BS 8000 (5) or other
3 03 02 03
Bolted and Doweled Joints

Bolt holes shall be drilled to diameters as close as possible to the nominal diameter of
the bolt, but in no case should they be more than 2 mm larger than the bolt diameter.
Washers with a nominal diameter and thickness of at least 3.0 times and 0.25 times
the bolt diameter, respectively, shall be fitted under the head of each bolt and under
each nut unless an equivalent bearing area is provided, for example, by a steel plate.
If square washers are used, their side length and thickness shall be not less than the
diameter and thickness of the appropriate round washer. When tightened, a minimum
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of one complete thread shall protrude from the nut. On completion of erection, all joints
shall be inspected and care taken to see that all bolts are tightened without crushing
the wood under the washers.
The recommendations regarding bolt spacing, timber-to-timber joints, steel plate-totimber joints, and steel dowel joints shall be in accordance of BS 5268 (2), BS 8000 (5)
or other equivalent Standard.
3 03 02 04
Toothed - Plate Connector Joints

Toothed-plate connectors shall meet the requirements listed in BS 5268 (2) or
equivalent Standard. Bolts holes shall be as close as practicable to the nominal
diameter of the bolt and in no case more than 2,0 mm larger than the bolt diameter.
Round or square washers shall be fitted between the timber and the head and nut of
the bolt. Connectors shall not bear on the threads of bolts. To prepare a connector
joint, the position of the bolt holes shall be accurately set out with reference to the
point of intersection of the center - lines of the members. One of the following two
procedures shall be used when drilling the bolt holes:
a) fit the member together in their correct positions and clamp, while drilling the bolt
holes through all the members
b) drill the bolt holes in the individual members using jigs or templates to locate the
bolt holes accurately.
Bolt holes should be within 2 mm of their specifying position.
The recommendations regarding connector spacing, timber-to-timber joints, steel plate
-to-timber joints, and steel dowel joints shall be in accordance of BS 5268 (2), BS 8000
(5) or an equivalent Standard.
3 03 02 05
Split-Ring Connector Joints

Split-ring connector joints shall meet the requirements listed in BS 5268 (2) or
equivalent Standard. Bolts holes shall be as close as practicable to the nominal
Round or square washers should be fitted between the timber and the head and nut of
the bolt. The minimum size of washers to be used with each connector shall meet the
requirements listed in BS 5268 (2). To prepare a connectored joint, the position of the
bolt holes shall be accurately set out with reference to the point of intersection of the
center-lines of the members. one of the following two procedures shall be used when
drilling the bolt holes
The contact surfaces of the timber members shall be grooved to the dimension in
compliance with BS 5268 (2). The grooves for split-rings may be cut simultaneously
with the drilling of the bolt holes if procedure b) is used.
The recommendations regarding connector spacing, and timber-to-timber joints shall
be in accordance of BS 5268 (2) or an equivalent Standard.
3 03 02 06
Shear-Plate Connector Joints

Shear-plate connector joints shall meet the requirements listed in BS 5268 (2) or
equivalent Standard. Bolts holes should be as close as practicable to the nominal
Round or square washers should be fitted between the timber and the head and nut of
the bolt. The minimum size of washers to be used with each connector shall meet the
requirements listed in BS 5268 (2). To prepare a connectored joint, the position of the
bolt holes should be accurately set out with reference to the point of intersection of the
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center - lines of the members. one of the following two procedures should be used
when drilling the bolt holes:
The contact surfaces of the timber members shall be recessed to the dimensions in
compliance with BS 5268 (2). The recesses of shear-plates may be cut simultaneously
with the drilling of the bolt holes if procedure b) is used.
The recommendations regarding connector spacing, timber-to-timber joints, and steel
plate-to-timber joints shall be in accordance of BS 5268 (2) or an equivalent Standard.
3 03 02 07
Laterally Loaded Glued Joints

The manufacture of glued structural parts shall be carried out only by those who
employ specially trained craftsmen and have the necessary equipment available in the
workshop.
Laterally loaded joints in structural components made from separate pieces of timber,
plywood or tempered hardboard or wood particleboard that are fastened together with
glue (e.g. box beams, single web beams, stressed skin panels, glued gussets) shall be
manufactured in accordance with BS 5268(2), BS 6446.
For the gluing of hardwood and resinous softwood, advice should be sought from the
glue manufacturer.
The adhesive used shall be appropriate to the environment in which the joint will be
used. See Clause 2 06.
The recommendations regarding timber-to-timber joints/ timber to plywood or
tempered hardboard or wood particleboard joints / plywood to plywood, tempered
hardboard to tempered hardboard and particleboard to particleboard joints shall
comply with BS 5268 (2), BS 8000 (5) or an equivalent Standard.
3 03 02 08
Finger Glued Joints

The manufacture of glued structural parts shall be carried out only by those who
employ specially trained craftsmen and have the necessary equipment available in the
workshop.
Finger joints between timbers of the same species types shall be manufactured in
accordance with EN 385.
Finger joints shall not be used in principal members, or other members acting alone,
where failure of a single joint could lead to collapse, except where the joints have been
manufactured under a third party quality control scheme.
For hardwood species, assurance shall be sought from the adhesive manufacturer as
to the suitability and long-term durability of the adhesive for the particular hardwood
species and exposure conditions
3 03 03
Fixing plugs
Softwood plugs shall not be used. Plugs shall be placed in preformed holes. Screws
shall then be inserted into the plug through a drilled hole in the member to be fixed,
and tightened to form a tight grip as the plug expands.
Plugging to walls shall be carried out by:
01.0 A patent metal or plastic plug fixed in accordance with the manufacturers
instructions.
02.0 A plastic filling used in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.
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3 03 04
ODAC
Assembly (Assembly of structural units)

Assembly of units shall be done on a level bed and in such a way as to avoid damage
to any of the members. The method of assembly shall be such as to ensure that the
designed geometry of assembled components, is achieved correctly within the
specified tolerances.
Deviations from the dimensions specified are permitted subject to the tolerances
specified in BS 8000 (5) or other equivalent standard.
During assembly, no forces should be applied to the component, which could cause
the permissible stresses to be exceeded in that or any other component. Special care
is necessary when handling framed arches and shaped beams.
When assembly is to be performed on the site, one set of component parts shall be
fitted together and dismantled prior to dispatch to the site, in order to ensure that the
assembled structural units conform to the design drawings.
Before proceeding with bulk production, a complete assembly of one of each framed
truss or other structural unit shall be checked to prove the accuracy of the templates
and the like. A similar check shall be carried out from time to time to control the wear
and tear on templates and gauges.
Timber members and built up units shall be marked in accordance with a marking
diagram. Camber of special structural units, joists, beams, built - up girders and
trusses are to be as designed or required by the relevant Standards.
Twisted or damaged members shall be replaced before erection on the site.
3 03 05
Erection ( Erection of structural units)

The method of erection shall be such as to ensure that the designed geometry of
assembled components, is achieved correctly within the specified tolerances.
Deviations from the dimensions specified shall be in compliance with BS 8000 (5) or
an equivalent standard.
During erection, no forces shall be applied to the component, which could cause the
permissible stresses to be exceeded in that or any other components. Special care is
necessary when handling framed arches and shaped beams
The information concerning certain methods and sequences of erection dictated by
design assumptions should be followed
The over-stressing of members during erection shall be avoided.
In the case of framed arches, portal frames and the like, special care shall be taken to
avoid distortion in hoisting from the horizontal to the vertical position.
The method of erection shall be in compliance with BS 8000 (5) or an equivalent
standard.
3 03 05 01
Frames
Framing shall be erected true to line and level and shall be plumb and square unless
otherwise stated.
Every post, stud, beam, binder, joist, rafter and purlin shall extend in one piece
between its supports or fixings, or shall otherwise be jointed in an approved manner to
ensure the necessary structural stability.
Any framing not finally fixed into position shall be braced with temporary braces to
prevent twisting and warping. Any twisting and warping that may occur shall be made
good in accordance with the Engineers instructions.
All cantilevers shall be effectively counterbalanced by the other portion of the member,
by a suitable fixing and by other dead loading.
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ODAC
Beams and Binders

Beams and binders shall be erected in accordance with the requirements as
stipulated.
The larger of the cross-sectional dimensions shall be the depth.
Joints in general must be carefully executed, and performed in such a way that they
do not impair the strength and stiffness of the beams or binders.
Joints between continuing lengths are to be suitably scarfed or spliced and secured
with bolts and plates or metal strips. Joints into or over posts must be accurately
constructed and reinforced with metal straps where necessary.
The ends of beams, binders and other spacial flexural members are not to be built into
walls but are to be supported in accordance with the details to provide an air space for
ventilation at all points.
Bearings on wall plates, beams, brackets, girders and the like, shall be at least 75
mm.
Metal hangers or joist shoes shall be designed with a bearing of at least 75 mm. If
specified to be built up, beams may be formed of two or more joist sections.
3 03 05 03
Cutting of Joists
When joists are to be cut for the passage of pipes, holes shall be centered on the
neutral axis, and shall be limited to one-third of the depth of the joist.
All pipe and cable runs across joists shall be arranged in a position remote from the
center of the span.
The notching of the top or bottom face of the joist for service runs will not be
permitted.
Notching near the point of bearing of simply supported joists, where the notch does
not exceed 10% of the joist depth, shall only be done with the approval of the
Engineer.
3 03 05 04
Roof Structures
The plates, joists, rafters, purlins and other pieces used for the construction of the roof
are to be of the dimensions specified and are to be spaced and constructed as
directed.
Overhanging edges shall be adequately cantilevered and anchored back to the main
roof framework without weakening it in any way.
3 03 05 05
Trimming
All works arising from the trimming of openings, such as for stairs in the floor and
windows in the roof and the like, shall be properly carried out with the materials
specified. Trimmer and trimming joists shall be the same depth as the common joists
or as specified. All mortice-and-tenon and half-depth housing or half-depth beveled
housing joints shall be accurately constructed so that the alignment of the members is
maintained while the stresses of the connections are fully engaged.
3 03 05 06
Anchors
The anchorage of roof frames, trusses and other structures that require to be secured
against displacement shall be suitably incorporated in the joints or by means of extra
fixing at all points of support.
3 03 05 07
Strutting and Bracing

All necessary temporary supports and braces shall be the responsibility of the
Contractor and he shall remove all such temporary works upon completion of the final
fixing.
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Lateral braces to restrain against winding and buckling shall be fixed to all beams of
depth greater than 3 times their breadth and/or of length greater than 50 times their
breadth. Unless otherwise shown in the design lateral braces are to be at centers not
exceeding 50 times the breadth of the beam
3 04 Field Quality Control

3 04 01
Inspection, Tests
Structure shall be tested in accordance with BS 5268 (2), or EN 380 or an equivalent
Standard.
Reasonable facilities and access for inspection shall be provided during and at
completion of fabrication and erection of a structure. These facilities and access
conditions shall be approved by the Engineer.
The inspection shall be in compliance with AITC 200, or an equivalent Standard.
3 04 02
Moisture content
The moisture content of timber and wood - based panels when installed shall be close
to that likely to be attained in service. The moisture content of timber shall not exceed
the maximum given in Table 2, ANNEX 6.
Moisture contents at time of fabrication may be determined by specific requirements
(e.g. adhesive performances and conditioning of tempered hardboard or wood
particleboard), but shall not normally exceed the limits given in Table 2.
Wood based panel products have a relatively low moisture content at the time of
manufacture. If expansion in use is likely to be a problem in a particular end-use
situation they shall be conditioned to a higher moisture content before installation.
The moisture content of timber to be finger jointed should conform to EN 385, see
Clause 3 03 02 08.
The moisture content of materials used in components manufactured from
separate pieces of timber, plywood, tempered hardboard or wood particleboard that
are fastened together with glue (e.g. box beams, single web beams, stressed skin
panels, glued gussets) shall conform to BS 6446.
3 07
Protection
3 07 01
Protection of Installed Materials and Components

When required by the Engineer, temporary protection shall be provided where
components are installed before the structure is adequately weather-proofed.
Attention is drawn to the possibility of excessive creep or shrinkage occurring in long
span flexural components if loaded before their moisture content is close to the
expected end use condition.
3 07 02
Treatments
3 07 02 01
Preservative Treatments
See clause 2 07 01
3 07 02 02
Flame - Retardant Treatments

See clause 2 07 01
3 07 02 03
Decorative Treatments
Where structural timber is to be painted, varnished or otherwise decorated, the work
shall be in accordance with BS 6150
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AL FATEH UNIVERSITY
3 07 02 04
ODAC
Anti - Corrosive Treatments

The anti-corrosive treatment of metal fasteners and fittings shall be sufficient to ensure
their satisfactory performance and structural integrity throughout the intended life of
the structure.
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ODAC
Part 4 :
Method of Measurement
4 01
General
The quantities to be paid for will be measured from drawings.
For structural timbers the overall length including tenons and other timber joints will be
measured.
No deduction will be made for openings, recesses and niches individually measuring
0,5 m2 or less in ceilings, walls, roofs, floor decks and wall sheathing, wall and ceiling
linings, facing panels, insulating materials, impervious layers and lightweight exterior
wall cladding.
When measuring by length (m), no deduction will be made for interruptions up to 1 m
each in length.
No deduction will be made for frames, studs, horizontal members and other framing
elements, rafters, batten framing, slatting and substructures in false floors, insulation,
fillings, impervious layers, etc.
No deduction will be made for cavities in batten frames, slattings, open decks or
sheating, subfloors,rough partitioning and claddings and linings made from battens,
timber boards, decorative panels, slats, etc.
4 02
Units of Measurement
Measuring of works will be based on the following units:
Area (m2), accounted for separately according to type and size:
- Boarding and paneling
Length (m) of structural timber, accounted for separately according to type and size:
- beams ,joists and girders for floors and flat roofs
- beams, joists and girders for pitched roofs
- posts, studs, bracing or the like for walls and partitions
- bearers, wall plates, purlins or the like
- cleats or the like
- battens
- rafters
Number of items (pc) , accounted for separately according to type and size:
- prefabricated assemblies ( e.g. trusses, frames, columns or beams, joined by means
of nails, connectors, dowels, adhesive, etc.)
- steel components, e.g. connectors, bolts, anchor ties, distance pieces , corbels
and other fittings
Preservative treatments, flame-retardant treatments, decorative treatments will be
measured as Lump Sum (LS)
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ODAC
Part 5 :
Basis of Payment
5 01
General
The unit rate shall include all raking, cutting and circular cutting, joints, notching, fitted
ends, mitred ends and intersections, including all nails and screws, cutting and waste,
halving, trimming, boring, sinking, pelleting, notching and fitting, dovetailing, scribing,
rebates, grooves, chamfers, splay and rounded edges, bead mouldings and the like
and all other labours to complete the work.
No payment will be made for quantities as a result of oversizing or any other
unauthorized operation.
Material or work, which does not conform to specification requirements, shall be
removed and replaced on Contractors expense.
5 02
Ancillary works to be included in the Unit Rate

01.0 Preparation of samples and mock-ups as required by the Engineer.
02.0 Leveling of background up to 20 mm to produce a plane surface for boarding and
paneling.
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ODAC
35
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ODAC
Annex:
Tables and Figures
6 01
Tables
Table 1: Permissible limits for the GS and SS visual strength grades
Characteristic
(see clause 6/BS 4978)
Knots (see note 4)
G rade
G eneral structural grade
Special structural grade
Either:
If MKAR is less than or equal
to , then TKAR shall be less
than or equal to
O r:
If MKAR is greater than ,
then TKAR shall be less than
1
or equal to / 3
Slope of grain
Rate of growth
Not greater than 1 in 6

Average width of annual rings
not greater than 10 m m
Fissures:
Not through the
thickness
Either:
If MKAR is less than or
equal to , then TKAR
shall be less than or
1
equal to / 3.
O r:
If MKAR is greater than
, then TKAR shall be
1
less than or equal to / 5 .
Note greater than 1 in 10
Average width of annual
rings not greater than 6
mm
Not longer than half the

length of the piece
Not longer than twice the
Not longer than 600 mm on any
width of the piece
running m eter
W ane shall not reduce the full edge and face dim ensions to
2
less than / 3 of the dim ensions of the piece. Length of wane is
unlim ited.
Unlim ited
Through the thickness

W ane (see figure 4)
Distortion (see figure 5):

Bow
Not greater than 20 m m over a

length of 2 m
Not greater than 12 m m over a
length of 2 m
Not greater than 2 mm per 25
mm width over a length of 2 m
Unlim ited
Spring
Twist
Cup
Resin pockets and bark
pockets:
Not through thickness
Not greater than 10 m m

over a length of 2 m
Not greater than 8 mm
over a length of 2 m
Not greater than 1 mm per
25 m m width over a length
of 2 m
Unlim ited
Unlim ited, if shorter than the width of the piece; otherwise, the
sam e lim its as for length of fissures
Unlim ited, if shorter than half the width of the piece; otherwise,
the sam e lim its as for length of fissures
Perm itted provided it conform s to the requirem ents of clause
6/BS 4978.
No active infestation is perm itted.
W ood wasp holes are not perm itted.
Through the thickness

Insect dam age
NOTE 1. Typic al knot area ratios are show n in figure 2.

NOTE 2. The length of fissures and the am ount of distortion are linked w ith m oisture c ontent, therefore the
lim its given can only be applic able at the tim e of grading.
NOTE 3. F or the follow ing species and species com binations the fissure and distortion lim its in the GS
colum n apply, irrespective of the strength grade:
D ouglas Fir (British);
N orw ay spruc e;
Sitka spruc e (British);
Sitka spruc e (C anada);
W estern red c edar;
W estern w hite w oods.
NOTE 4. W hen grading square sections, they shall be c onsidered in their unfavorable orientation, i.e. for
determ ining MKAR, those surfac es shall be c onsidered to be edges that result in the w orse grade.
NOTE 5. Additional requirem ents for lam inations and for m aterial for trussed rafters are given in BS EN 386
and in BS 5268 : Part 3, respectively.
Table 2 : Moisture content of timber related to service class

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ODAC
S ervic e
C lass
E xam ples of end us e of tim b er in b uildin g
E xtern al us es, fu lly exp os ed
2
2
1
A verag e m oisture
content likely to b e
attain ed in s ervic e
cond itions %
M oisture c ontent 1 )
w hich s h ould n ot b e
exc eed ed in
ind ivid u al piec es at
tim e of erection %
20 or m ore
__
C overed an d g en erally u nh eated
18
24
C overed an d g en erally h eated
15
20
Intern al us es, in c on tin u ously h eated

build in g
12
20
1)
M oisture c ontent s h ould b e m easured using a m oisture m eter with ins ulated p rob es ins erted to 20
m m in th e tim b er or to h alf th e tim b er thickn ess, w hich e ver is th e lesser.
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6 02
ODAC
Figures
Fig.1 : Knot projection
38
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ODAC
Fig. 2 : Typical knot area ratios and the resulting grades
39
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ODAC
a)
b)
Fig. 3 : Measurement of rate of growth
40
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ODAC
Fig. 4 : Amount of wane
41
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ODAC
Fig. 5 : Measurement of bow, spring and twist
42
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ODAC
Fig. 6: Slope of grain
43
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ODAC
Fig. 7 : Sections of glue laminated structural units
44
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ODAC
Fig. 8 : Split ring connector
Fig. 9 : Toothed plate connectors
45
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ODAC
Fig. 10 : Shear plate connectors
46
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ODAC
Annex : Specific Information

7 01
Tables
Table 1 : Softwood combinations of species and visual grade, which satisfy the
requirements for various strength classes. Timber graded in accordance with BS 4978
Standard name and

origin
C14
Imported:
parana pine
Caribbean pitch pine
redwood
whitewood
western red cedar
C16
Strength class
C18
C22
C24
GS
SS
GS
GS
douglas fir-larch
(Canada)
douglas fir-larch
(USA)
hem-fir
(Canada)
hem-fir
(USA)
spruce-pine-fir
(USA)
spruce-pine-fir
(Canada)
sitka spruce
(Canada)
western white woods
(USA)
southern pine
(USA)
British grown:
douglas fir
SS
SS
SS
GS
SS
GS
SS
GS
SS
GS
SS
GS
SS
GS
SS
GS
SS
GS
SS
GS
GS
larch
GS
British spruce
GS
SS
SS
GS
British pine
C30
SS
GS
GS
C27
SS
SS
SS
NOTE 1. The S6 and S8 grades of the ECE Recommended standard for strength grading of
coniferous sawn timber (1982) may be substituted for GS and SS, respectively.
NOTE 2. A species/grade combination from a higher class (see table 7, BS 5268:Part 2) may be
used where a lower class is specified.
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Table 2 : North American softwood species/grade combinations, which satisfy the

requirements for various strength classes. Timber graded in accordance with NLGA
and NGRDL joist and plank
Standard name and origin
C14
douglas fir-larch
(Canada)
douglas fir-larch
(USA)
hem-fir
(Canada)
hem-fir
(USA)
spruce-pine-fir
(Canada and USA)
sitka spruce
(Canada)
western white woods
(USA)
southern pine
(USA)
C16
No. 1,
No. 2
No. 1,
No. 2
No. 1,
No. 2
No. 1,
No. 2
No. 1,
No. 2
No. 1,
No. 2
No. 1,
No. 2
Strength class
C18
C22
C24
Sel
C27
C30
Sel
Sel
Sel
Sel
Sel
Sel
No. 3
No. 1,
No. 2
Sel
NOTE. These classifications apply only to timber of a size not less than 38 mm x 114 mm.
48
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ODAC
Table 3 : North American softwood/grade combinations, which satisfy the

requirements for various strength classes. Timber graded in accordance with NLGA
and NGRDL structural light framing, light framing and stud rules
Standard name and

origin
douglas fir-larch
(Canada)
douglas fir-larch
(USA)
hem-fir
(Canada)
hem-fir
(USA)
spruce-pine-fir
(Canada and USA)
sitka spruce
(Canada)
western white woods
(USA)
southern pine
(USA)
C14
No. 1,
No. 2
No. 1,
No. 2
C16
No. 1,
No. 2
No. 1,
No. 2
No. 1,
No. 2
No. 1,
No. 2
No. 1,
No. 2
Sel
Strength class
C18
C22
C24
Sel
C27
Sel
Sel
Sel
Sel
Sel
No. 3
No. 1,
No. 2
Sel
douglas fir-larch
Const,
(Canada)
Stud
douglas fir-larch
Const,
(USA)
Stud
hem-fir
Const,
(Canada)
Stud
hem-fir
Const,
(USA)
Stud
spruce-pine-fir
Const,
(Canada and USA)
Stud
sitka spruce
(Canada)
western white woods
(USA)
southern pine
Std
Std
Const,
(USA)
NOTE. A species/grade combination from a higher class may be used where a lower class
is specified.
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ODAC
Table 4 : North American softwood species/grade combinations, which satisfy the

requirements for various strength classes. Timber graded in accordance with North
American machine stress rated rules.
C14
1200f-1.2E
C16
1450f-1.3E
Strength class
C22
C24
1650f-1.5E
1800f-1.6E
C18
C27
1950f-1.7E
C30
2100f-1.8E
NOTE: A species/grade combination from a higher strength class may be used where a lower class is
specified.
1)
This table is applicable only to the following species combinations:
Douglas fir-larch (Canada and USA);
hem-fir (Canada and USA);
spruce-pine-fir (Canada and USA);
Southern pine (USA).
Table 5 :
a) Tropical hardwoods which satisfy the requirements for strength classes given in BS
EN 338 when graded to HS grade in accordance with BS 5756
b) Temperate hardwoods which satisfy the requirements for strength classes graded
Standard name
iroko
Strength class
D40
jarrah
teak
merbau
D50
opepe
karri
keruing
ekki
D60
kapur
kempas
balau
D70
greenheart
to BS 5756
Standard name
Grade
Strength class
oak
TH1
1)
THA
1)
THB
D30
D40
D30
1)
Grades THA and THB are only obtainable in cross-section sizes with no dimension less
2
than 100 mm and cross-section areas greater than 20 000 mm .
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ODAC
Table 6 : List of some softwood species

Softwood Species
Abbreviation
Caribbean pitch pine

Corsican pine (British)
Douglas fir (British)
Douglas fir - larch ( Canada)
Douglas fir - larch (USA)
Hem - fir (Canada)
Hem - fir (USA)
Larch (British)
Norway spruce
Parana Pine
Radiata Pine (New Zealand)
Radiata pine (Chile)
Redwood
Redwood/ Whitewood
Scots pine
Sitka spruce (British)
Stika spruce (Canada)
South African pine
Southern Pine (USA)
Spruce - Pine - fir (Canada)
Spruce - Pine - fir (USA)
Western red Cedar
Western White Woods (USA)
Whitewood
Zimbabwean pine
CAR / P
B/P
B / DF
NA / DFL
NA / DFL
NA / HF
NA / HF
B/L
B/S
PP
NZ / RP
CH / RP
ER
EW / ER
B/P
B/S
C/S
SA / P
US / SP
NA / SPF
NA / SPF
NA / WRC
US / WW
EW
ZIM / P
Table 7 : List of some hardwood species

Hardwood Species
Abbreviation
Balau
Ekki
Greenheart
Iroko
Jarrah
Kapur
Karri
Kempas
Keruing
Merbau
Opepe
Teah
BLU
EKI
GHT
IKO
Jah
KPR
KRI
KEP
KER
MBU
OPE
TEK
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1.
ODAC
Section 06200 Finish Carpentry
GENERAL
The specification covers the requirements for finish carpentry.
1.1
Reference Documents
The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the
extent referenced. The publication are referred to in the text by basic
designation only.
AMERICAN HARDBOARD ASSOCIATION (AHA)
AHA A 135.6
(1990) Hardboard Siding
AMERICAN PLYWOOD ASSOCIATION (APA)

APA E 445
(1991; Rev May 1991) Performance Standards and

Policies for Structural-Use Panels
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

ASTM D 1435
(1985) Outdoor Weathering of Plastics
ASTM D 2898
(1981; R 1986) Accelerated Weahtering of FireRetardant-Treated Wood for Fire Testing
ASTM D 3679
(1992) Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding
AMERICAN WOOD-PRESERVERS ASSOCIATION (AWPA)

AWPA C 9
(1993) Plywood
- Preservative Treatemtn by
Pressure Processes
AWPA C 20
(1993) Structural Lumber

Treatment by Pressure Processes
AWPA C 27
(1993) Plywood Fire-Retardant Treatment by

Pressure Processes
AWPA M 4
(1991) The Care of Preservative Treated Wood

Products
AWPA P 5
(1993) Standards for Waterborne Preservatives
FireRetardant
ARCHITECTURAL WOODWORK INSTITUTE (AWI)
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ODAC
AWI 02
(1994) Architectural Woodwork Quality Standards,

Guide Specifications and Quality Certification
Program
CALIFORNIA REDWOOD ASSOCIATION (CRA)

CRA 01
(1992) Standard Specifications for Grades of

California Redwood Lumber
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (DOC)
DOC PS 1
(1993) Construction and Industrial Plywood

FEDERAL SPECIFICATIONS (FS)
FS FFN-105
(Rev B; Am 3; Int Am 4; Notice 1) Nails, Brads,

Staples and Spikes: Wire, Cut and Wrought
NORTHEASTERN LUMBER MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (NELMA)

NELMA-01
(1993) Standard Grading Rules for Northeastern

Lumber
SOUTHERN CYPRESS MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (SCMA)

SCMA-01
(1986; Supple No. 1, Aug 1993) Standard

Specifications for Grades of Southern Cypress
SOUTHERN PINE INSPECTION BUREAU (SPIB)

SPIB-01
(1994) Standard Grading Rules for Southern Pine

Lumber
WEST COAST LUMBER INSPECTION BUREAU (WCLIB)

WCLIB Std 17
(1993) Grading Rules For West Coast Lumber
WESTERN WOOD PRODUCTS ASSOCIATION (WWPA)

WWPA-01
(1991; Supple No. 3) Western Lumber Grading

Rules 91
WOOD MOULDING AND MILLWORK PRODUCERS ASSOCIATION (WMMPA)

WMMPA WM 6
(1987) Industry Standard for Non-Pressure Treating

of Wood Millwork
3
AL FATEH UNIVERSITY
1.2
ODAC
Submittals
The Engineers approval is required for submittals. The following shall
be submitted for approval in accordance with section 01300 submittal
procedures.
Drawings
Drawings showing fabricated items and special mill and woodwork
items. Drawings shall indicate materials and details of construction,
methods of fastening, erection, and installation.
Samples
Samples shall be of sufficient size to show patterns, color ranges, and
types, as applicable, of the material proposed to be used with hardare
mounted.
1.3
Qualifications
Manufacturer shall specialize in manufacturing the types of material
speciifed, and shall have a minimum of 5 years of documented
successful experience. Applicator shall specialize in the type of finished
carpentry work required to meet requirements, with a minimum 5 years
of documented experience.
1.4
Delivery and Storage

Materials shall be delivered to the site in undamaged condition, stored
off ground in fully covered, well-ventilated areas, and protected from
extreme changes in temperature and humidity.
1.5
Warranty
Warrant this work against defect in materials and workmanship for a
period of two (2) years, including but not limited to warpage,
delamination, staining and discolouration.
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2.
ODAC
PRODUCTS
2.1
Wood Items And Trim
Grading and Marking

Materials shall bear the grademark, stamp or other identifying
marks indicating grades of material and rules or standards
under which produced. Such identifying marks on a material
shall be in accordance with the rule or standard under which
the material is produced, including requirements for
qulaifications and authority of the inspection organization,
usage of authorized identification, and information included in
the identification. Bundle marking will be permitted in lieu of
marking each individual piece. Surfaces that are to be
architecturally exposed to view shall not bear grademarks,
stamps, or other types of identifying marks.
Sizes and Patterns
Lumber sizes and patterns shall conform to rules or standards
under which produced. Unless otherwise specified, lumber shall
be surfaced on four sides. Sizes and patterns for materials
other than lumber shall conform to requirements of the rules or
standards under which produced. Size references, unless
otherwise specified, are nominal sizes, and actual sizes shall
be within manufacturing tolerances allowed by the standard
under which the product is produced.
Moisture Content
The maximum moisture content of untreated trim and wood
siding shall be 15 percent at the time of delivery to the jobsite
and when installed. Moisture content of all other material shall
be in accordance with the standard under which the product is
produced.
Preservative Treatment
Plywood
Plywood exposed to the weather shall be treated in accordance
with AWPA C 9 with waterborne preservatives listted in AWPA
P5 to a retention level as of 4.0 kg per cubic meter.
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ODAC
Fire-Retardant Treatment
Fire-ratardant treated lumber shall be pressure treated in
accordance with AWPA C20. Fire-retardant treated plywood
shall be pressure treated in accordance with AWPA C27.
Material use shall be defined in AWPA C20 and AWPA C27 for
Interior Type A. Treatment and performance inspection shall be
by a qualified independent testing agency that establishes
performance ratings. Each piece or bundle of treated material
shall bear identification of the testing agency to indicate
performance with such rating. Treated materials to be exposed
to rain wetting shall be subjected to an accelerated weathering
technique in accordance with ASTM D 2898, Method A, prior to
being tested for compliance with AWPA C20 or AWPA C27.
Fire-retardant treatment will be required for exposed plywood a
Flame spread rating shall be 25 less.
Fire-retardant treated plywood will be used only for
nonstructural applications which are not subject to elevated
temperature or high humidity.
Moldings
Moldings shall be of the pattern indicated and shall be of a
grade compatible with the finish specified.
Species
Exposed framing, solid members and trim pieces shall be of
species indicated on the Drawings.
Ironmongery
Door-frames and leaves shall be equipped with:
Devices allowing fixing to walls.
Devices allowing rotation of parts in relation to one another.
Systems to control and maintain in closed position.
Travel limiting devices for moving parts.
Permanent locking systems.
Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF)
Conforming to ANSI 208.2 structural standard
0.769 g/m3
7.92 kgf/m2
275.6 kgf/m2
Density:
Internal Bond:
Modulus of Rupture:
6
AL FATEH UNIVERSITY
ODAC
2756 kgf/m2
1446 kgf/m2
1335 kgf/m2
Modulus of Elasticity:
Screw Holding Face:
Screw Holding Edge:
Thickness Swell:
Linear
6%
E
x
p
a
n
s
i
o
n
:
0
.
2
0
0
.
2
5
%
4-7%
El Rated
Moisture Content:
Formaldehyde Emission:
Fire Retardant
Flame Spread:
Smoke Development
Moisture
25
26
R
e
s
i
s
t
a
n
t
4-5%
0.17-0.22%
Thickness Swell
Linear Expansion
In areas requiring protection against high moistrue and dampness, use

moisture resistant MDF and in areas requiring fire retardant use fire
retardant MDF conforming to Class 1 fire retardation in accordance with
UL 732 Flame Rating retardation.
7
AL FATEH UNIVERSITY
ODAC
Sealer
Water-repellant, clear, colourless, penetrating wood
recommended by the fabricator and approved by the Engineer.
sealer,
Glue for Wood Assemblies

Recommended by the fabricator and approved by the Engineer,
waterproof.
Nails
Nails shall be the size and type best suited for the purpose and shall
conform to FS FF-N-105. Screws for use where nailing is impractical
shall be size best suited for purpose.
Sound-Proofing
For made up units frame, opening leaf, thresholds joints at locations
shown on the Drawings sound-proofing factors shall be at least 23 db500 Hz.
The Contractor shall ensure that all necessary measures are taken to
obtain the above listed characteristics, in particular:
Door frames with threshold
Surrounding joint
Special hardware
Double fillister
3.
EXECUTION
Fabrication
General
Check site dimensions and conditions and notify the Engineer
in writing of unacceptable conditions. Do not proceed until
remedial instructions are received.
As far as practical, assemble work at the shop and deliver to
the site ready for installation. Leave ample allowance for fitting
and scribing on the site.
Fabricate work square and to the required lines. Recess and
conceal fasteners and anchor heads. Fill with matching wood
plugs or other acceptable method of concealment.
Provide wood members free from bruises, blemishes, mineral
marks, knots, shake and other defects and select for colour,
grain and texture. Machine and hand sand surfaces exposed in
the finished work to an even, smooth surface free from defects
detrimental to appearance.
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Provide running members in the maximum lengths obtainable.

Provide thickness of members in maximum dressed size of
standard lumber. Where thickness or width indicated is not
available in hardwoods, use glue laminations to obtain sizes
required. Spline or key solid boards 150 mm and wider and
glue under pressure.
Design and fabricate work to allow for expansion and
contraction of the materials. Unless otherwise specified work
shall be glued, and blind screwed or nailed. Properly frame
material with tight, hairline joints and hold rigidly in place. Use
glue blocks where necessary. Conceal joints and connections
whereverpossible. Locate prominent joints where directed. Glue
and pin mortise and tenon joints. Intermediate joints between
supports will not be permitted. Set and fill surface nails. Prevent
opening-up of glue lines in the finished work.
Comply with glue manufacturers recommendations for lumber
moistrue content, glue shelf life, pot life, working life, mixing,
spreading, assembly time, time under pressure and ambient
temperature.
Provide exposed end grain of solid members and edges of
exposed plywood or MDF with matching solid edging at least 6
mm thick.
Seal finish carpentry items before they leave the fabricating
shop. Ensure that the sealer is compatible with the final finish.
Painting and obtain written approval of proposed sealer.
Trim
Trim members shall be of sizes and profiles indicated. Trim
members shall be slow-fed work, free from chatter and other
machine marks.
Provide trim over 60 mm wide with backs ploughed or kerfed.
Mitre all joints. Carefully machine drum-sand exposed flat
surfaces. Minimize sanding on the job.
Fire Retardant Pressure Treatment
Provide fire retardant pressure treatment of wood against fire
complying with local jurisdictional authorities. Pressure fire
retardant treat lumber prior to final milling. Provide appropriate
lables for treated lumber and plywood as received from the
pressure treating plant. Do not expose pressure treate material
to dampness between the time the material is treated and the
time the finish is applied. Carefully sand surfaces which show
surface salt deposits to remove such deposits before finish is
applied. Provide identification on materials delivered to Project
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site showing that these Specifications have been complied with,

on each large item, and on bundles of small items.
Fitments
Provide and install fitments as indicated.
Unless otherwise detailed, fitments shall have 6 mm plywood
backs. Joints in the plywood backs shall be concealed behind
framing.
Unless otherwise detailed, gables, bottoms, tops and sides,
shall be 20 mm plywood.
Recess pilaster strips flush with surfaces. Accurately scribe,
cope and mitre members where required. Provide cut-outs or
fitments and services as required. Machine mouldings and trim
to profiles indicated.
Coordinate with Divisions 15 and 16 and provide all necessary
cut-outs.
Installation
Examination
Inspect doors for damage which cannot be readily corrected by
sandling. Check that primer or sealer has been applied.
Promptly returm defective units to manufacturer.
Check doors for correct size. If improperly sized return to
manufcturer for corrections.
General
Deliver finish carpentry items to the site and store in a dry and
clean location.
Provide units of such size as will not present difficulty of entry
to the place of installation. Provide protective coverings during
shipment and storage for all itmes.
Pad all corners of finish carpentry vulnerable to damage with
suitable material.
Do not deliver finish carpentry item until required for erection
and until the relative humidity of the area of installation has
been below 60% for ten (10) days minimum.
Provide concealed fastenings in finish carpentry item to receive
transparent finish.
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Install finish carpentry items plumb, square, true, rigid and

secure.
Door Frames
Set frames plumb and square in their exact location. Firmly
block and brace to prvent shifting. Shim up where requried to
ensure proper alignment and dimensions from finished floor to
heat of frame. Install temporary wood spreaders at midheight.
Where frames are installed in concrete walls, secure frames to
concrete with expansion bolts. Perform drilling of concrete as
required. Fill recessed bolt head flush to frame face with metal
filler and sand smooth.
Doors
Prepare wood doors to receive hardware. Check each
hardware item before installation. Drill pilot holes of suitable
diameter.
Install doors. Maintain an even clearance, not exceeding 3 mm
between door and frame and 6 mm at floor or thereshold to
allow free action of door, except at openings in non fire-rated
separation where undercuts are indicated. Allow for proper
clearance where carpet is scheduled.
Wall Paneling
Wall panels shall be fabricated from wood species indicated on
the Drawings. Wood battens 40 x 40 cm, 40 to 50 cm spaced
shall be fixed on the walls. Glued on the walls, fibre rock micro
perfcated panels. This framing shall be painted by spray. Wood
boards shall be fixed with lost head nails 300 mm long.
Partition
Partitions shall consist of independent panels. Each panel shall
conists of a rigid frame with chipboard on either side. Sound
proofing between panels and between panels and building
structure will be carried out by gaskets fitted with rubber
sections in the edge of each panel. These are used either for
horizontal or vertical joint sound proofing. Noise insulation rate
of the partition in place shall be 23 db. Doors fitted on partitions
shall have the same sound proofing as the partition itself.
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4.
ODAC
TOLERANCES
Shape Tolerance of Materials
Shape tolerances for semi-finished materials are given in the standards.
Layout of Works
The tolerance on all dimensions measured between opposite facings, or
between edges or other intersections of edges is equal to
3
4
d,
where d is the dimension given in centimetres on the drawings.

Flatness
The flatness tolerance of all works meausred with a 2.m straight edge in
all surface directions shall be less than 0.002 m. This specificaiton is
also valid for door elements where warping of the doors is checked by
placing the straight edge along the diagonals.
Perpendicularity
Whatever the dimensions of the works, vertical perpendicularity must be
within 0.002 m. maximum out of square tolerance is 0.001 m per linear
metre.
Straightness of edges
Tolerance on any straight edge or on any straight axis of a flat surface
is characterised by a maximum permissible deflection on any segment
of this edge or this axis. This deflection shall not be more than 1/300 th
of the measured length. The maximum permissible deflection shall be
less than or equal to 0.001 m.
Tolerances on appearance
The Contractor shall hand over to the Engineer, for approval samples of
surface materials that he shall employ.
These samples shall have minimum dimensions 0.60 x 0.60 m.
The appearance of the finished works over the whole surface shall be
identical to that of the samples.
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5.
ODAC
INSPECTION AND TESTS

General
The Contractor shall indicate the origin of all his supplies. He shall also
furnish the test certificates from official Authorities.
Inspection will take place:
at the Contractors suppliers, if necessary.
on site before installing the works.
on site after installing the works.
Inspection shall cover the kind and characteristics of the materials
comprising the works, and the works themselves.
Special Measures
The Engineer shall take as sample from the Contractors store one
complete unit out of every 30 identical units and shall carry out the
following checks:
Checking of the kind of materials and their quality.
Checking of the dimensions of the works and tolerances.
Checking of appearances.
All the units that do not meet standards shall not be used. After the
works are installed, the same checks shall be carried out on at least 1
unit out of 30.
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Section 06400 Architectural Woodwork
Division
06 - Wood & Plastics
Section
06400 - Architectural Woodwork
Part 1:
General
1 01
Summary
The work covered by this Section consists of providing all tools, labour,
equipment and materials, and performing all operations in connection
with architectural woodwork.
1 01 01
Section includes
01.0
Prefabricated Joinery Work
02.0
Site Assembled Joinery Work
1 01 04
Related Sections
08200 Wood and Plastic Doors
08600 Wood and Plastic Windows
09545 Special Ceiling Surfaces
09550 Wood Flooring
1 02
References
1 02 01
Applicable Standards
1 02 01 03
International Standards
1 02 01 03 01
International Standards Organization (ISO)

ISO 1096: 75
Plywood - Classification
ISO 1098: 75
Veneer plywood for general use - General requirements
ISO 2426: 74
Plywood - Veneer plywood with rotary cut veneer for general use
- General rules for classification by appearance
ISO 2427: 74
- Classification by appearance of panels with outer veneer of
beech
ISO 2428: 74
birch
ISO 2429: 74
Plywood -Veneer plywood with rotary cut veneer for general use
broad leaved species of tropical Africa
ISO 2430: 74
Plywood -Veneer plywood with rotary cut veneer for general use
poplar
ISO 2695: 76
Fibre building boards - Hard and medium boards for general

purposes - Quality specifications - Appearance, shape and
dimensional tolerances
ISO 2696: 76
Fibre building boards - Hard and medium boards for general

purposes - Quality specifications - Water absorption and
swelling in thickness
ISO 4586 - 1: 97
High-pressure decorative laminates - Sheets made from

thermosetting resins - Part 1: Classifications and specifications
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ISO 4586 - 2: 97
1 02 01 05
1 02 02
1 03 01
Timber in joinery. General classification of timber quality.
British Standards
BS 1186
Timber for and workmanship in joinery
BS 1186 - 2: 88
Specification for workmanship
BS 1186 - 3: 90
Specification for wood trim and its fixing
BS 1202 - 1: 74
Specification for Steel Nails
BS 1204: 93
Specification for type MR phenolic and aminoplastic synthetic

resin adhesives for wood
BS 3444: 72
Specification for blockboard and laminboard
BS 5082: 93
Specification for water-born priming paints for woodwork
BS 5358: 93
Specification for solvent-born priming paints for woodwork
BS 5669 -
Particleboard
BS 5669 - 2: 89
Specification for wood chipboard
BS 5669 - 3: 92
Specification for orientated strand board (OSB)
BS 5669 - 4: 89
Specification for cement bonded particleboard
BS EN 942: 96
identical to EN 942, replaces BS 1186-1.

Timber in joinery. General classification of timber quality
Codes
BS 7916: 98
1 03
High-pressure decorative laminates - Sheets made from

thermosetting resins - Part 2: Determination of properties
European Standards
BS EN 942: 96
1 02 01 06
ODAC
Code of Practice for the selection and application of

particleboard, orientated strand board (OSB), cement-bonded
particleboard and wood fibre boards for specific purposes
Definitions
Technical Terms
Block board - plywood panel with core of solid wood strips wider than 7
mm and smaller than 30 mm
Batten board - plywood panel with core of solid wood battens wider
than 30 mm
Concealed face - face of a joinery part, which, after installation of the
joinery is completed, is permanently concealed by other parts or other
elements of construction, inclusive materials such as plastic or metal
Flush panel - assembly in which one or both faces are flush with the
framework
Hardwood - wood from broad leaved trees with the botanical name
'argiosperms'
Joinery - assembly of worked timber components and panel products
other than structural timber or cladding
Jointed wood - piece of wood made up from smaller pieces joined
together.
Laminated timber - timber for joinery work, which is consisting of 2 or
more pieces glued together
Laminboard - plywood with core of solid wood battens between 3 and 7
mm wide, placed on edge and glued together
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Particleboard - panel product manufactured under pressure and heat

from particles of wood or other ligno-cellulosic materials with the
addition of an adhesive.
Plywood - wood based panel product consisting of an assembly of plies
bonded together, some or all of which are wood; normally the direction
of the grain in adjacent plies is at right angles, with the outer and inner
plies placed symmetrically on each side of a central ply or core.
Push fit - fit requiring pressure that can be applied manually
Softwood - wood from conifers with the botanical name 'gymnosperms'
Tight fit - fit requiring pressure that needs to be applied mechanically
Veneer - thin sheet of wood produced by rotary cutting, slicing or
sawing.
Visible face - face of a joinery part which, after installation of the joinery
is completed, is not permanently concealed
Wane - the presence of bark or lack of wood from any cause on the
edge or corner of a piece of timber
Wood chipboard - particleboard made exclusively from small particles
and a binder
Wood trim - product of uniform profile to be used as a finishing member
1 03 02
1 05
Abbreviations
deg. C
degree Celsius
max.
maximum
min.
minimum
RH
Relative Humidity
UL
Underwriters Laboratories (US)
MR
Melanin Resin
Submittals
Submit the following in accordance with Conditions of Contract and
specification Section 01300.
1 05 01
Product Data
Provide product data for each type of material, including label
compliance and if required fire-ratings.
1 05 02
Shop Drawings
1 05 03
Samples
Samples of all materials used for joinery work shall be submitted to the
Engineer prior to installation for approval.
1 05 04
Quality Control Submittals

Documented experience of Contractors site supervisor(s) (see ref. 1 06
01 02)
Certificates for all elements indicated showing compliance with
referenced Standards and requirements of local authorities
Records and reports of Contractors Internal Q.C.
Records and reports of Contractors External Q.C.
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1 06
Quality Assurance
1 06 01
Qualifications
1 06 01 01
Qualifications of Manufacturers
Products used in the work of this Section shall be produced by

manufacturers regularly engaged in this work, with a history of
successful production acceptable to the Engineer.
1 06 01 02
Qualifications of Installers
Use adequate number of skilled workmen who are thoroughly trained

and experienced in the necessary crafts and who are completely
familiar with the specified requirements and the methods needed for
proper performance of work
Contractors site supervisor(s) shall have knowledge of referenced
Standards and at least five (5) years of documented experience.
1 06 03
Certifications
Provide 'Third Party' certificates issued by an authorized and
independent agency or laboratory where indicated.
1 06 04
Quality Control
1 06 04 01
Internal Quality Control
Contractors internal Quality Control shall include but not be limited to:
Checking suppliers certificates of compliance to conform to specification
and referenced Standards prior to application or installation.
Checking suppliers delivery tickets for compliance with supply order and
specification.
1 07
1 07 01
Packing and Shipping

Deliver materials to site originally packed by manufacturer. Protect
materials during delivery to comply with manufacturers directions.
Damaged materials shall be replaced at Contractor's costs.
1 07 02
Storage and Protection

Store materials at building site strictly according to manufacturers
instructions. Store products in a dry and ventilated place.
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Part 2:
Products
2 01
Wood and Wood Products
2 01 01
Timber
Timber used for architectural woodwork shall comply the requirements
of BS EN 942.
Timber in joinery shall be suitable for its intended purpose.
It shall be either softwood or hardwood of class indicated, properly
seasoned and planed square, straight and true.
Timber shall be free from all evidence of fungus and insect attack, twist
and warp and wane edge.
The moisture content shall be as near as possible to the equilibrium
moisture content for the average humidity likely to be expected. The
moisture content after kiln drying and air seasoning shall be between 6
and 12 % for internal use.
2 01 02
Wood Trim
Wood trim shall comply with BS 1186 -3 or an equivalent Standard. Use
class 1 for the exposed wood trims or as otherwise indicated.
2 01 03
Particleboard
2 01 03 01
Wood Chipboard
Wood chipboard shall comply with the requirements of BS 5669 - 2 or

an equivalent Standard. Use chipboard of class adequate for the work
and for the conditions at installation (e.g. humidity) or as indicated.
2 01 03 02
Orientated Strand board (OSB)
Orientated strand board shall comply with the requirements of BS 5669

- 3 or an equivalent Standard.
2 01 03 03
Cement Bonded Particleboard
Cement bonded particleboard shall comply with the requirements of BS

5669 - 4 or an equivalent Standard.
2 01 04
Plywood
Plywood for general use shall comply with the requirements of ISO 1098
or an equivalent Standard. Plywood with specific outer veneers shall
comply with the respective ISO Standards as referenced under para 1
02. Use plywood of class as defined in ISO 1096, adequate for the work
and for the conditions at installation (e.g. humidity) or as indicated. Use
plywood of grades adequate for the intended finish or as indicated.
2 01 05
Fibre Building Boards

ISO 818 classifies 3 different types of fibre building boards according to
their specific weight:
soft < 350 kg/m3, min. thickness 10 mm
medium 350 - 800 kg/m3, min. thickness 5 mm
hard
> 800 kg/m3, min. thickness 2,5 mm
Fibre building boards shall comply with the requirements of ISO 2695
and 2696 or an equivalent Standard. Use Fibre boards of type (soft,
medium or hard) as adequate for the work and for the conditions at
installation, as indicated or approved by the Engineer.
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2 01 06
High-Pressure Decorative Laminates (HPL)

High-pressure decorative laminates shall be made from thermosetting
resins and comply with ISO 4586-1 or an equivalent Standard. Provide
HPL of classes as indicated.
2 02
Accessories
2 02 01
Adhesives
Adhesives shall be selected from those specified in BS 1186-2, para
10.1. The selection shall pay regard to the condition to which the
finished joinery will be exposed.
2 02 02
Nails
Steel nails for architectural woodwork shall meet the requirements of BS
1202 - 1, or an equivalent Standard.
2 02 03
Screws
Screws for architectural woodwork shall be galvanized. Visible screws
shall be nickel plated unless otherwise indicated.
2 02 04
Hardware
Hardware for architectural wood work shall meet the requirements
stated in Section 08700 'Hardware'
2 03
Fabrication
2 03 01
General
Architectural woodwork shall, wherever possible, be shop-manufactured
prior to delivery on site.
Wooden members shall be accurately set out, framed and executed to
ensure proper workmanship.
Arrangement, jointing and fixing of work shall ensure that any shrinkage
in any part or in any direction shall not impair the strength and
appearance of the finished work and shall not cause any damage to
materials or structure.
2 03 02
Jointing
2 03 02 01
Joints Permitting Movement
Joints permitting movement shall be used where shrinkage or other

movements are to be expected.
01.0Plywood Panels
Except where required by design, the following recommendations
apply for plywood panels fitted into grooves.
a) The grooves shall be not less than 9 mm deep.
b) The face of the panel shall fit closely to the sides of the groove,
within a maximum tolerance of 10% of the thickness of the panel.
c) The panel shall be smaller in length and width, to a maximum of
3 mm, than the distance between the bottoms of the grooves.
Items b) and c) also apply for other wood based panel products
When a wood based panel product other than plywood is to be
jointed, guidance shall be obtained from the manufacturer in
respect of the moisture related movement that can be expected, in
order to provide the correct depth of groove.
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02.0
Solid Timber Panels
When solid timber panels are fitted into grooves, the following
requirements apply.
a) The grooves shall be not less than 9 mm deep, appropriate to
the anticipated extent of moisture related movement and having
regard to the properties of the timber and the dimensions of the
parts.
b) The faces of the panel shall fit closely to the sides of the grooves
c) In the direction of the grain, the panel shall be a maximum of 3
mm shorter than the distance between the bottoms of the grooves.
d) Across the grain, the panel shall be less than the distance
between the bottoms of the grooves to provide for any expansion or
contraction that may arise due to changes in the moisture content
of the material used.
e) The panel shall not be fixed in any way that will prevent its free
expansion and contraction.
03.0
Profiled Board Surfaces
Profiled boards shall be joined together by tongued and grooved
joints, appropriate to the anticipated extent of moisture related
movement and paying regard to the properties of the timber and the
dimensions of the components. The tongue shall not be less than
1/3 of the thickness of the board.
The tongued and grooved joints shall permit free swelling and
shrinkage of the boards in their width but shall not allow play in the
thickness.
Fixing shall be carried out so that each board is able to swell and
shrink freely in its width but is not able to move as a whole.
2 03 02 02
2 03 02 02 01
Fixed Joints
Framed Joints
01.0
General: The faces of jointed members shall be flush unless
otherwise indicated. Where faces of members are relieved or the
edges are moulded, the faces shall be in alignment subject to a
tolerance of 1mm.
In a mortice and tenon, combed or halving joint, where part of the
end grain of one member shows upon a finished face or edge, it
shall be flush with that face or edge.
02.0
Doweled Joint: Dowels shall be grooved for adhesive, shall
be a tight fit into the dowel holes and shall fill the holes to within
6mm at each end when the joint is assembled.
03.0
Mortice and Tenon Joint: In their thickness, the tenon and
the mortice shall be parallel to each other and the tenon shall (in its
thickness) be a push fit in the mortice. Tenons shall be secured in
the mortice preferably by the use of wedges, wood- or metal
dowels.
04.0
Combed Joint: Each face of a tenon of a combed joint shall
be parallel to the corresponding faces of the other tenons and each
individual tenon shall be a push fit in its slotted counterpart. Dowels
or pins shall engage all members of the joint.
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05.0
Halving Joint: Each part of a halving joint shall be cut to half
the thickness of the members forming the joint.
2 03 02 02 02
Joints Between Wide Board Surfaces Meeting at Right or Other Angles
01.0
Dovetail Joint: Dovetail joints shall be so made that the
mating surfaces at the sides of the tails and at the shoulders will be
in close contact.
Dovetail joints shall not be split or broken in the end pins.
The sides of the tail and pin shall be inclined to their axes at a slope
of not less than one-in-eight for multi-dovetail joints, and not less
than one-in-six and not more than one-in-four for single dovetail
joints.
02.0
Housed Joint: The width of the housing shall accurately fit
the thickness of the members inserted. The end of the member
inserted in the housing shall fit against the bottom of the housing
groove. The joint shall be screwed or nailed.
03.0
Rebated Joint: The shoulder of the rebate shall be square
with the face of the member rebated or shall be finished accurately
at such other angle as the design requires. The joint shall be
screwed or nailed.
04.0
Tongued and Grooved Joint between Members Meeting at
an Angle: The thickness of the tongue shall not exceed two-fifths of
the thickness of the member on which it is formed and shall not be
less than 5mm and the length of the tongue shall not exceed 1.5
times its thickness.
The shoulder of the grooved member shall be square with the face
of the member tongue or shall be finished accurately at such other
angles, as the design requires. The width of the groove shall
accurately fit the thickness of the tongue inserted and the depth of
the groove shall not exceed the length of the tongue by more than
1,5 mm.
2 03 02 03
Edge to Edge Jointed Timber
The faces of the pieces joined shall be flush with one another. Except
where it is necessary for locating purposes to have a profiled joint, a
butt joint may be used.
2 03 02 04
2 03 02 04 01
Laminated Timber
Machine Preparation
Surfaces to be laminated shall be machined to provide a clean cut

surface without torn or damaged grain.
2 03 02 04 02
Thickness Variation
The variation in actual thickness throughout the length of an individual

lamination shall not exceed 0,5mm.
2 03 02 04 03
End Joints
Laminations that appear on surfaces and will be exposed to the weather

shall be joined by finger joints. If laminations are not exposed to the
weather, heading joints will be permitted. In both cases no such joints
shall be less than 300mm apart in the same or adjacent laminations.
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2 03 02 04 04
ODAC
Moisture Content
At the time of gluing the max. moisture content of the laminations to be

glued together to a member shall not exceed 5%. The moisture content
of each lamination shall not exceed 18 % and shall be within 3% of the
average equilibrium moisture content that is expected to be attained in
service conditions.
2 03 02 05
Finger Jointed Timber
Finger jointed timber shall meet the requirements of BS 1186 -2, Para 9.
2 03 03
Finishing
The surfaces of timber to be coated shall be suitable for the application
of the primer or base coat (varnish, stain or polish). Wood based panel
products may require additional preparation (e.g. filling) prior to the
application of finishes.
The priming or base coat, which shall be compatible with any wood
preservative treatments, may be applied at factory or on site. Sufficient
time shall be allowed for solvent evaporation if organic solvent wood
preservatives are used, before the application of finishes.
Water-borne primers shall comply with BS 5082.
Solvent-borne primers shall comply with BS 5358.
Before applying any subsequent coats, sanding may be necessary.
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Part 3:
Execution
3 01
General Examination
ODAC
Examine structure where work of this Section will be installed. Correct

conditions detrimental to the proper and timely completion of the work.
Verify that materials to be used for the work comply with requirements in
specifications and schedules. Do not proceed with installation until
unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.
3 02
General Preparation
3 03
Installation
3 03 01
Prefabricated Joinery
Where prefabricated joinery work is specified to be fixed in position on
site, all supports and fixings are to be engaged in the building structure.
Prefabricated joinery work shall not be executed until after all floor, wall
and ceiling surfaces have been formed or constructed.
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3 03 02
Joinery Assembled on Site

Where joinery work has to be assembled on site, it shall be done in
every respect according to the requirements of para 2 03 'Fabrication'.
All supports and fixing shall be properly engaged in the building
structure.
Joinery assembled on site shall not be executed until after all floor, wall
and ceiling surfaces have been formed or constructed.
3 03 03
Wood Trim
Provide wood trim of indicated class and fix same as appropriate or
indicated.
Nailing:
Nails shall be driven in such a way as to prevent hammer marks
occurring on the surface of the timber, and so as to prevent splitting of
the timber. If nails are driven below the surface, the driving shall be
carried out with a punch smaller than the nail head. If nails are to finish
flush with the surface of the wood trim extra care shall be taken to avoid
hammer marks on the surface.
When nailing tongued and grooved or overlapped boards, the nails shall
be positioned to allow subsequent movement of boards without splitting
as a result of nailing restraint.
Fixing by screws:
When wood trim is to be fixed by screws, holes shall be predrilled.
Any countersinking should be properly formed to suit the screw head.
Visible screws shall be oval-headed and nickel plated.
3 05
Adjusting and Cleaning

Clean installed joinery work and remove debris from site upon
completion.
3 07
Protection
Protect completed work from damage and weather as appropriate until
handing over or further treatment (e.g. painting, coating).
Part 4: Method of Measurement

4 01
General
The quantities to be paid for will be measured in place or determined
from drawings.
4 02
Units of Measurement
Shelving will be measured by length (m) according to different widths,
material and finish.
Built-in units, prefabricated or assembled on site will be enumerated.
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AL FATEH UNIVERSITY
Part 5:
5 01
ODAC
Basis of Payment
General
Payment will be made for complete work including furnishing all
material, equipment, tools, scaffolding, storage facilities, water, power,
for all labor, samples, coordinating work with other trades, checking,
examination, testing, quality assurance, cleaning and protecting.
5 02
Ancillary Works to be included in the Unit Price Rates

All supports and fixings for installation on site.
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6 02
Figures
6 02 01
Framed Joints
ODAC
Fig. 1.1: Typical framed joint
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Fig. 1.2: Dowelled joint
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Fig. 1.3: Mortice and tenon joint
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Fig. 1.4: Halving joint
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Fig. 1.5: Combed joint
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6 02 02
ODAC
Joints between Wide Board Surfaces
Fig. 2.1: Dovetail joint
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Fig. 2.2: Tongued and grooved joint
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Fig. 2.3: Rebated joint
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Fig. 2.4: Housed joint
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Annex: Specific Information

7 01
Classification of Wood Chipboard

According to BS 5669 wood chipboard is classified as follows:
C1
Wood chipboard that is intended for general use.
C1A Wood chipboard that has slightly higher mean quality levels
for a number of properties.
C2
Wood chipboard that has enhanced mechanical properties.
Although such boards are primarily suitable for the loads
encountered in joisted or floating floors in domestic
applications, they may also be suitable for other applications,
depending on design conditions (see BS 5669-Part 5).
Unless suitable protection is provided, these boards shall not
be used in situations where their moisture content would
exceed 18 % for prolonged periods after installation.
C3 (M) Wood chipboard that has major improvements in moisture
resistance and increases in mechanical performance over
type C1. Such board recovers an acceptable strength on
reconditioning after exposure to water and/or high humidity
for limited periods. It does not necessarily resist prolonged
exposure to weather, attack by micro-organisms or
persistent damp conditions.
C4 (M) Wood chipboard that has the same degree of moisture
resistance as C3 (M), but with a specified impact resistance.
C5
Wood chipboard that has both enhanced moisture resistance
properties and enhanced mechanical properties compared
with types C3 (M) and C4 (M) chipboards. It is intended for
structural use where full structural design or prototype
testing is required.
7 02
Classification of Plywood
Plywood is classified by ISO 1096 as follows:
According to construction:
a)
Veneer plywood
b)
Wood-core boards
1) Block-board
2) Laminated board
c)
Compositive Plywood
According to form and shape:
a)
Flat
b)
Moulded
According to durability:
a)
For use in dry conditions
b)
For use in humid conditions
c)
For use in exterior conditions
According to mechanical properties
According to surface appearance
According to surface condition:
a)
Unsanded panel
b)
Sanded panel
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7 03
ODAC
Classification of HPL
Classification of HPL according to ISO 4586-1 is as follows:
C Compact
HD Heavy Duty
HG Horizontal, general purpose
VG Vertical, general purpose
VL Vertical, light duty
CL Cabinet liner
Nominal thickness: 0,5 - 1,0 - 2,0 - 2,5 - 3,0 - 4,0 - 5,0
7 04
Appearance Classes of Timber

Classification according to BS EN 942, Table 1: Timber features
according to class and face (visible faces)
Class J2
Class J10
Class J30
Class J40
Class J50
Knots
max 2mm
30 %
max
10mm
30 %
max
30mm
40%
max
40mm
50%
max
50mm
Shakes
max.
width
not
permitted
0,5mm
0,5mm
1,5mm
if made
good
1,5mm
if made
good
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Z10
Z10
ODAC
PURPOSE MADE JOINERY

To be read in conjunction with General Requirements.
110
-
FABRICATION
Standard: To BS 1186-2.
Sections: Accurate in profile and length, and free from twist and bowing. Formed
out of solid unless shown otherwise.
- Machined surfaces: Smooth and free from tearing, wooliness, chip bruising
and other machining defects.
Joints: Tight and close fitting.
Assembled components: Rigid. Free from distortion.
Screws: Provide pilot holes.
- Screws of 8 gauge or more and screws into hardwood: Provide clearance
holes.
- Countersink screws: Heads sunk at least 2 mm below surfaces visible in
completed work.
120
-
CROSS SECTION DIMENSIONS OF TIMBER

General: Dimensions on drawings are finished sizes.
Maximum permitted deviations from finished sizes:
- Softwood sections: To BS EN 1313-1:Clause 6 for sawn sections.
Clause NA.2 for further processed sections.
- Hardwood sections: To BS EN 1313-2:Clause 6 for sawn sections.
Clause NA.3 for further processed sections.
130
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PRESERVATIVE TREATED WOOD

Cutting and machining: Completed as far as possible before treatment.
Extensively processed timber: Retreat timber sawn lengthways, thicknessed,
planed, ploughed, etc.
Surfaces exposed by minor cutting and/ or drilling: Treat with two flood coats of a
solution recommended by main treatment solution manufacturer.
140
-
MOISTURE CONTENT
Wood and wood based products: Maintained within range specified for the
component during manufacture and storage.
210
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LAMINATED PLASTICS VENEERED BOARDS/ PANELS

Fabrication: To British Laminated Plastics Fabricators Association Ltd (BLF)
fabricating standards.
Balancing veneer: From decorative veneer manufacturer and of similar
composition. Applied to reverse side of core material.
Finished components: Free from defects, including bow, twist, scratches,
chipping, cracks, pimpling, indentations, glue marks, staining and variations in
colour and pattern.
Joints visible in completed work: Tight butted, true and flush.
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Z10
220
250
-
ODAC
WOOD VENEERED BOARDS/ PANELS

Conditioning: Core material and veneers conditioned before bonding.
Setting out: Veneer features and grain pattern aligned regularly and
symmetrically unless instructed otherwise.
Balancing veneer: Applied to reverse side of core material.
- Moisture and temperature movement characteristics: As facing veneer.
Veneer edges: Tight butted and flush, with no gaps.
Finished components: Free from defects, including bow, twist, scratches,
chipping, splits, blebs, indentations, glue marks and staining.
Surface finish: Fine, smooth, free from sanding marks.
FINISHING
Joinery surfaces: Smooth, even and suitable to receive finishes.
- Arrises: Eased unless shown otherwise on drawings.
End grain in external components: Sealed with primer or sealer as section M60
and allow to dry before assembly.
2

Wood and Plastics Specifications for University Construction

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Wood and Plastics Specifications for University Construction

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AL FATEH UNIVERSITY

Division 06 Wood and Plasics

DIVISION 06 : WOOD AND PLASTICS

Wood and Plastics

Thermal and Moisture Protection

Doors and Windows

Doors and Frames

Wooden and Plastic Doors

Entrances and Storefronts

Wooden and Plastic Windows

Further, each Section incorporates seven Parts as follows:

Annex: Tables and Figures: Those relevant to the individual Section.

Heavy Timber Construction

Division 07: Thermal & Moisture Protection

06100 ROUGH CARPENTRY

(1991; Supply 1993) National Design Specification

AFPA WCD No. 1 (1988) Manual for Wood Frame Constrcution

(1982; R 1988) Basic Hardboard

(1985) Cellulosic Fiberboard

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF TIMBER CONSTRUCTION (AITC)

(1994) Timber Construction Manual

(1990) Standard for Preservative Treatment of

(1979) Recommended Practice for Protection of

(1992) Structural Glued Laminated Timber

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI)

AMERICAN PLYWOOD ASSOCIATION (APA)

(1994) Design/Construction Guide, Residential and

(1991; Rev May 1991) Performance Standards and

(1993) Source List Adhesives for APA Glued Floor

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

(1993a) Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60000 PSI

(1994) Gypsum Sheathing Board

(1972; R 1982) Insulating Board (Cellulosic Fiber),

(1980; R 1990) Vermiculite Loose Fill Thermal

(1991) Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and

(1981; R 1986) Perlite Loose Fill Insulation

(1991) Cellular Glass Thermal Insulation

(1992) Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation

(1993) Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal

(1991) Mineral Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for

(1993) Mineral Fiber Roof Insulation Board

(1991) Cellulosic Fiber (Wood Base) Loose Fill

(1991) Mineral Fiber Loose-Fill Thermal Insulation

(1985) Membrane Faced

(1992) Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for

(1981; R 1986) Accelerated Weathering of FireRetardant-Treated Wood for Fire Testing

(1991a) Surface Burning Characteristics of Building

(1993) Water Vapor Transmission of Materials

(1988) Water Vapor Retarders Used in Contact with

AMERICAN WOOD PRESERVERS ASSOCIATION (AWPA)

(1993) Lumber, Timber, Bridge Ties and Mine Ties

(1993) Structural Lumber Fire Retardant

(1993) Plywood Fire Retardant Treatment by

(1991) Standard for Preservative Treatment of

(1991) Standard for the Care of Preservative

(1993) Standards for Waterborne Preservatives

CALIFORNIA REDWOOD ASSOCIATION (CRA)

(1992) Standard Specifications

CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATION (CFR)

Interim Safety Standard for Cellulose Insulation

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (DOC)

(1983) Construction and Industrial Plywood