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  • Colloquial Greek

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    secrag2
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    Modern Greek learning method. Suitable for self teaching and sufficiently comprehensive so as to come a long way into the language.

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    Modern Greek learning method. Suitable for self teaching and sufficiently comprehensive so as to come a long way into the language.

    Hak Cipta:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai PDF atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    753 tayangan131 halaman

    Colloquial Greek

    Diunggah oleh

    secrag2
    Modern Greek learning method. Suitable for self teaching and sufficiently comprehensive so as to come a long way into the language.

    Hak Cipta:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai PDF atau baca online dari Scribd
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    dari 131
    COLLOQUIAL GREEK Uniform with this volume Colloquia! Arabic Cotloguial Czech Colloguial French Colloguial German Colloguial Hindustani Collogvial Hungarian Colloquial Halian Colloguial Japanese Colloquial Persian Colloquia! Rumanian Colloguial Russian Colloguial Spanish Colloguial Turkish COLLOQUIAL GREEK Katerina Harris @) Routledge & Kegan Paul London v First, published in. 1976 by: Routledge & Kegan Paul Lid Broadvay House, 68-74 Carter Lane, London ECAV SEL ‘Set in Series No. 327 (Times) 10 pi ‘nd 568 (Greek) 10 pr by ‘Spectrum Litho Lid, 77 Leonard Street, London EC2A 40S ‘and printed in Great Britain by Unwin Brothers Limited The Gresham Press, Old Woking, Surrey © Katerina Harnis 1976 No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except for the quotation of brief passages in criticism ISBN 0 7100 8069 7 (c) ISBN 0 7100 8070 0 (p) fora CONTENTS PREFACE PART ONE INTRODUCTION ‘The Greek alphabet 1 Pronunciation ofthe Greek letters 2 Stress accent 4 Spelling 4 Breathings 4 Punctuation 4 Elision 5 The letier v's The letter ex 5 Pronuncia tion practice $ Bibliography 8 PART TWO THE LESSONS {1 Nouns and adjectives (masculine gender) 2 Nouns and adjectives (feminine gender) 3 Nouns and adjectives (neuter gender) 4Genders S Questions. Order of words 6 The negative. Exclamations 7 Present indicative of active verbs 8 Plural of nouns and adjectives (masculine gender) 9 Plural of nouns and adjectives (feminine gender) 10 Plural of nouns and adjectives (neuter gender) Revision 11 Nominative and vocative cases 12 Accusative case 13 Use ofthe accusative 10 0 4 18 at 2s 30 M 38 a a 32 37 6 vi contests 1M Genitive cae, Summary of principal forms of sous (Revision) “6 1 Adjectives n 16 Comparison of adjectives and adverbs 16 17 Demonstrative pronouns. Present indicative of fereglar vers % 18 Possessive pronouns ss 19 Aorist active voce). Aorist of irregular verbs ® 20Past continuous. Conditional 9s 21 Future tenses, Future of regular verbs 100 22 Perfect and pluperfet tenses 106 25 Personal pronouns (rect object) 0 24 Personal pronouns inet objet) id 25 Personal pronouns (subject) is 26 Subjuncive mood 13 27 Imperative mood 18 28 Verbs ending in ovo, v0, aja (anderreieaeced 13 29 Past continuous and aorist of verbs endingin bia, teat ua 138 30 Future of verbs endingin on, vj, a 3 31 Subjunctive mood of verbsendingin oxi, ue, yet 8 32 Present and past participles 153 33 Perfect and plupereat tenses of verbs ending in oni, at, a 158 PART THREE MORE GRAMMAR 162 More about articles 162 More nouns 163 More about adjectives and adverbs 165 Table of auxiliary verbs. 167, Tables of active verbs 168 Formation of the indefinite 170 ‘Tense summary I7L Verb tables, passive voice groups T and IV T7L- Indefinite of verbs ending in ooo, veya, Gpat 173, Irregular verbs 175. More pronouns 178 Numbers. 180 ‘Adverbs 182 More prepositions 184 Conjunctions 184 Interjections 185 Abbreviations 186 PART FOUR READING PASSAGES 187 PART FIVE VOCABULARY 196 PREFACE My sim in writing, this book has been to provide a simple and. uncomplicated guide to. colloquial (Demoti) Greck, Thisis often confused with the arial form of Greek, known. as Katharevousa, used mainly in official documents, Colloquia! (Demotic) Greek is the natural development of Ancient Greek which has taken place gradually through the centuries, Te-differs less from the Greek of Homer than does ‘Modern English from that of Chaucer, Colloquia Greck i not difficult to learn once the alphabet has been mastered, and English-speaking people nee! have no problems, with Pronunciation or the structure of the language, Obviously the best way of learning the pronunciation of any language i tolisten to it being spoken. However, have given a phonetic {ide to. pronunciation in the introduction, ach lesson is divided into a reading passage, repetitive speech pattern, exercises, and simplified guide to grammar. ‘The tourist interested in obtaining a uxefl working Knowledge ofthe language quickly need concentrate only on the reading passages which are in conversational form and which convey Something of the life, customs and sense of humour of Greeks today. have intentionally made the exerises most in Greek to enable the student 0 pick up Greek idioms and. style naturally. T'have also. provided a. more. comprehensive rammar, a few reading passages taken from Modern Greck folklore ‘and teratoey ands complete vocabulary at the end of the book, which ean be consulted if word does not Appear in the word list given in every chapter x PRerace, ‘The student who follows this book systematically, alone or in group, should soon master suficient Greek to make a visit to Greece on business or pleasure useful and very enjoyable, Katerina Harris PART ONE INTRODUCTION ‘The Greek Alphabet tga pre viva seca Bythov Stra fea ona ‘nora ina aga Ht 8 Surxpov ° Pe TON ZZ> A“ eo ENmMe aE alfa ‘thama delta epsilon zita ita tite yiota apa omaha ksi comikron pi 2 inrropuction z ws ote T © sah Y » Sydov ° ° oi x x a ¥ ¥ vi a © aueya Pronunciation of the Greek letters sighma uf ipsilon khi si omegha Vowel sounds Equivalent sound Pronunciation in English « asin father Kaha nanweyouoe iasin police fhe zou easin let jépa 80 © as in not dpa ov twas in supervise obpa a, 0, Mv ay, ev, iv, before rato 2 Vowel. oF one atipto of the following Porace YK oy Us Vs P a Soa B - Baéxw ee Oe Sec be ee ee Meaning ala wel milo apple men day om Hor wa tall pavo cease efkolos easy afos” this Khaini cares wepo 1 see Eitlos eat (m) Yelso Tlaugh hromos road mari together Consonant sounds aa< pp, oo inmopucrion 3 Equivalent sound Pronunciation Meaning in’ English th asin thin Qéaspo —theatro theatre k xo.d kala well I kuhos Klos nice m hnépa mitera mother a ‘yep neto water is Eiko ksilo wood > iyo ping Tink r pila Fiza’ root z before Py Y, 5G ih % P oBAvo —svino—Lextinguish seliewhere ato siko. fig t téhos —telos end f fhe: los rend kh before o, 0, ‘ov, as in hot yavo kano I lose before e,1, as in German ich ypc Keri hand Bs yap. psari sh Be "AyyAio Anglia England ‘ng as inlinger dvagyen anangi need when initial yxpeus gremos precipice mks opiyeslinks sphinx kh Eyzeipnonenkhirisi operation mb as in amberxohoje®kolimbo 1 swim when initial” praviobanio bath nd as in cinder 86veu—thondi_ tooth when initial vroudra domata tomato ke Sue okhto™ ight ft agra efla” seven skh oxiGo —skhizo T tear st ori —stino I erect sk oxdpa —skara_— grill ha "FiAiéa Hellada Greece ns @ahacoe thalassa sea m ‘yoda ghrama letter ts Hot ei so & shletiwas dridzikascicada 4 irRopuction Stress accent Every word, with the exception of some one-syllable words, eg. 6, A (the), carries an accent. This accent can only fall fon one of the three last syllables, eg. 6 ova-Oude. the station, 1} G-pa the hour, 6 dv-Gpo-nos the man. {ts position varies from one word to another and often it falls on different syllables in various forms of the same word, ©. nominative 4 Gv-Opo-nos, the man, genitive vo0 Gv-Opo-nov, of the man, Present mud-wo, I catch, past continuous E-eia-va, 1 was eatehing. In certain cases @ word may carry two accents. For instance word accented on the third syllable from the end and follow- ed by a pronoun carries a second accent on the final syllable, eg. 26 Bvoud you, my name; xolcuée ue look at” me. ‘There are three accents: “ (acute), * (grave), ~ (circumflex). ‘You will find that all three accents are used in printed books, ‘but normally only the acute and circumflex accents are used im hand written work Spelling ‘You will find that in many cases Modern Greek has two or ‘more different spellings for the same word, e-g. va mudvets, vt ‘muivns. This isin many cases because the orthography of Ancient Greek has been preserved alongside the modern spelling. Breathings ‘When a word begins with a vowel the initial vowel bears one of two signs," (yuh, smooth) or" (Gaotia, rough). ‘These signs no longer have any bearing on pronunciation, Punctuation Al punctuation marks are the same as in English with the following two exceptions: the question mark is; and the colon" Ismopuction 5 Biision When a word ending in a vowels followed by a word beginnin, swith a vowel, tis usual for one of the vowels to be droppet This frequently occurs with articles, particles, personal pronouns, conjunctions, prepositions, e.g. 26 dpato nméi — T Gpatto nasi the beautiful child 8 ayaa oF ayand 1 love you 6a dxoiow © xoiou I shall hear ue ele welBe he saw me x6 82005 ax" Shows from all "The letter v In certain words the letter v is sometimes dropped, These words are: xO(y), si(o) thes Evm{y) an or a aie (o), sh (9) her; 82(9) nots whi) not; oa (v) Tike. is dropped when the following word begins with: 8,763, 0, ou, v5 9, 0 0,1, 0.6 8 Hoo apts I don't ikeits bike ch wieépa foo, T Want my mother, The letter 0, ¢ The leter cya is used in two forms: « at the beginning or in the middle of a word, and Joo elven ¥ “AOI ms (© "AAgEavepos elvan “Eh aves, : | “0 Trapyos elvar “Apspixa- vis. “H'Aveeyovn elvan “EXAnvie ‘a. 4 Ticivas 6 “AASEavepO5: ‘Tieivar 8 Pedipyos: Tielvar f ’AveryOuns Tieive 4 "Ehiadper; “HEN evan “Ane Ti civar 4 wupia Beck; “H xopit Beck eivar'AyyAiGa, 5 Blouse ony 'EnhGSa; Nat, elm oviy "EARAGa, Eiouste otiy “Axpérotn; Nat, eiua ony ‘Axpdrohn. Elouote ordv Mepaid; Nat, ela otOv Fetpad. Elouoee ory AShve; Nat, siya ory "AORva. Fiouote ord oradis; | Nat, ean ot0 ova0h6. ‘Me Smith very pleased a station Flueney practice 1 Translate into Greek i ‘Antigone {Athens Gre i Elizabeth the capital 7 There} May TRS) town YO) Amencan | is) Athens 's a station ready i the Acropolis | the Acropolis pleased i ‘Antigone well ‘Athens | zsh here town i Tam 4 Miss Smith She is} there Nis) thecapital Mrs. Smith very tied Piraeus | | ussow 2.17 ‘Mr and Mrs Smith [Antigone and Mary ‘You ae Mrand Mis Sith Thy aed Beer and Georgy ‘Mrs and Miss Smith Mr and Mrs Smith 2 Make up ten sentences of your own, using the following adjectives; abjapiorutvos ——_Erowiog xovpuanévos sizapiomnivn Brown, Kovpacuevn’ Grammar: ‘The feminine gender ‘The articles for the feminine gender are the (definite article) and’ tor jx a, an (indefinite article). ‘The days of the Week are all Feminine in gender except Saturday. 4h Kopraxi 4 Tesdipn 18 Zapiro i Aarépa A mtiuney 8 Zapato Tp 1 Mapacxenn ‘The names of countries are generally feminine in gender. Ana ‘Cepuavia 9 Teadia A AnEpURA ANopinvia i Pooota Hrahite WVERLGBE but 20 Bajo Pronunciation practice ch before a, 0,0, ov ‘and consonants (as in German) before eat, et, oF st xin jatdeto Joudvas zones Ios Hopes ossuerpo zou wow 0p yaiper 3 TPITO MAQHMA Acgnopo. 8 ° ® Gdps avtpas iarnj0s, n,0 or Gorznnos wpe ‘adrd (n) Bouvet (diminutive) Bow ‘yeud cov, yard ous uve, 8¢ Hod apéaer Bévtpo or Bvipo aeetvo (n) Browto (0) byaptomuéve (a) OKds, H oF 16) raids, 0 xopizet xovupucnévo (n) act Hob dpéoet Bp, Hepa Suopees..0 ‘ale ofpepa xb (0) i Ravetg: ets oF 708s, child, boy tran hosband bad ualy oe hit ‘mountain reetng Soman? wife Ton ike it tree that ready pleased bad 00d; nice en tired together, with Tike i know, new beat child te ao to the, a the, how are you} yesterday in the Dovbuiihekn “Eva Gop: Teva oov, “Eva xopitor: Ted cov. ay TL wives; op. Elyur old, Keto Gy. lua road Kidd, edyapiors. ica Kovpaouévns Kop. “Oy modi. LESSON 3 dy. Tnyaivouue ony "Adhva cuepas op. “HAGiva 8é pot apéaet non. Gy. Lov dpiow f bdaucoa: op. Nai, Bahasee jso0 tiptoe nant. Gy." Hnyatvouue oti) Béacoa; kop. Nat, nae. dy.” Elon Frou; kop. Nai, ela Exoum, Gy Hnpaivoupes op. Taye. Moazzveh #Goxnon 1 Elva 886 8 k6pios Afnov; Elvat &88 f kopta Aloo: Eva 238 Beorowt HOD; Elvat 836 6 “AASEaveposi iva 856 Zan; 2 TOs civar 6 Képtog Arwou! Tos eivar jh Kvpia Aion; Tiée civ f Seonoiviba ‘Aion: Mas elvan 6 “AREEavepog; Tia elvat H Zins 3 Elva 6 Kipios Afnou Exot os: Elva f xupta Afpov trou; Eivat 9 deozowisa Afnov Broun; Brongog, ivan 2a Broun; “Oy, elvan Ho. Nat, eivas 880, “On, ivan Eo, Nai civ £50, “Ont, iva Eo, Elva nok nad “Ox nok) Kaha. Elven nohi Kad “Ox. modi eats, ivan nob Kane, Ne Nai elvat Brows. (elven Exon, Nat, sivat Eroun, Nat, eivar trowios, Nai, sive Eroun, 20 LaSsoN 3 4 Tot elvar 6 xipios Afyou; Elvat oviy "ASH va, Tlod eivar § xopia Alou; Eivat oviy “ExAdBa. Mod eivon i Beonowvida Ajuovs Elvat ody Meipoud. Mob eivar 6 "AREavepog; Eval a6 fovvs, Tod eivar h Zonhs Biv ov Odaco. 5 Elva uopon Oidaoa; — Nal, oko Ouopen, Fivat 3uoppo Powwahaet; Nat, roi duopqgo. Elva Ouoppos dvepus: “Ox RonO Suopoos, Eivar Spopon yovatxa; Nat, noht Sopp, Etvat 3uopo0 dyépx; ‘Oxi nod Shopyo. Fluency practice 1 Translate into Groek: a boy a boy tail a gil There is 4 & Woman You are 4 Woman the mountain ready the Hation pleased Athens hens the’ station the station Shall we go to 4 MR c*PIlAT Let us go tog the capital the Acropolis the Acropolis Pirweus Piraeus 2 Mae up ten senteess of your ow tng the following Ezaptorpivo 6 orale 0 oupasivo fh yuvata eet Frome wolayopt wake 3 Give the definite and indefinite article of the following rato rast Zapiro fivipas ADive nope xopicat Hrepavis Et Bone Peaada xpoteiovad Seve Asvetpa bee TAyyAba, xvpio Bowvardne Lesson 421 Grammar: The neuter gender ‘The articles for the neuter gender are « akticle) and. yuma, an (indefinite article) “The indefinite arile is generally used asin English but i is omitted before predicate nouns quafifed or ungualifed by anadjestive Eluat “Avro lj rarpos. Eis nade esp5 the (éefinte Tam an Englishman, Lam a doctor. He is a good doctor ao, ev, u=af, ef if, elsewhere the following consonants 7.8. Bw Ys Be HVE YR, aby abet bye tabornpes adh ‘abroxivaro ‘abipt0 ssénom, ebayyéhio eis etyeve ebxmpia ebhoyia ebelynic ‘sboouos ebgapiar Note the use of article with abrés, aixh, abrd—this and Bxctvos, excivn, éxetvo—that. aabrds 8 xépi0s, abe upto Bxelvo tO Kasi this gentleman this lady that child 4 TETAPTO MAOHMA Ackioro A aie teuth A fren ors saan * Rernoon 3 frah or Bpdbo vening Hees is raining 22 son 4 Boor in Atos, 1, 0 ble, azure 6 Mhioe sun 4 fupe or pépa ay abe ipa very day 10 kahoxaipt summer sever po itis cold hager itis shining Riqos. no, {aplitles short ueydlog,n, 0 large, long ie with 30 isomer midday, Toneh ime W Mozza or vowra night ier? But, evertte ea that 8 otpaves sky avea always ipa nod very, too much 4 Tldpwnoa Parnes N REpatvOS, Ay 8 last year’s xo pat moming ‘oxezaouive (pl) covered ‘oRoraIWg, Hy 3 dark ora (ap) {o the, atthe, in the oy800 alos, neatly ime her, its wept! what a pity! penis, this. year's & yamovus winter 1 pow snow ovller ii snowing Eavbuincén “An. Tete aon, Fezpo. Mléx. Teuis cou, “ARCEavepe "AL TH wae és, Eiwar noni xudd, edzapior6. Kava Riyo xpto ofwe: pa. “Ad. Nai, waver x00 xplo. “0 genvds zeta elva xo- 2d deweios LESSON 4 23 Het. Xtoviter ouepa. tak Xtovigers Tét. “Ox aviv ‘AG Ava, oxy Mapynda. Xtoviger nove gshy "Adiivas An Nal, qaoviget. Mqyaivouie ofyspa oriy Hdpvnta; Hee. Hyyaivouye “AL. Metpo, qovige ati 'Aryaia nod: Mex. “Ons, ory “Arpyia Bega not. "AL. Mézpo, slvar aanewa, Ox 6 oiipavis elvan navea oxo- fe1v0e otiy Ayn: Mex. “On ‘navia, oy250v nave. “O obpavdc 256 otiv “Ehaaba clver ROAD Bioppos. Elvat waves Ratio, wat 6 Whiog haya xe wpa,“ FORD Spopon Opa, 871 uss 6 obpavdd te, “An. Abed elvan dabei; Mee. Taye Mipazcn, tEdoxnon Kaver xpbo ofpspa: Kavet kpio octv flapyda; Kayes epoo eziy ‘Arata Kvet kpbo oxi Eusba: aver xpio oct Bouwis Kavet xpvo to: Nat, xavet iyo np. 2 Xroviger ofepa Nat, rovige mons, Xtovigercjuepa ochy [lapynba; “Oxi not Xioviger omuzpa oxy “Arynia; Nat, ovider nods. Xcoviget empepa eztv ‘E2aBa: “Ops none, Xtovige otpspa ord Bovwss Nat, xrovige rods Xioviger B80: “Oy Ro. 3 Zod dpéon xd n6v15 “Ox, St pod dpeoer. Bob dpeaet A Hapynda; Nai, wot dipéar nois ob Apéoss § Mexparic: “Oy, BE pod apéer. Zo dpéaci 10 kaAokaipr; Na, 108 pease ros. ob dpéast H dvoren: Nai, ob dpécet mors. Yoo pests 6 xemavass “Oni, 86 woo dpe, 4 Eivat dpaia wépa oficpa; Nai, elvan rods dopata ep ep Nai svat 20hb pata Nat, kav Kiyo xpio. Nai, xdver nohb pte. Nat, xaver nods xp. Nat, vet Ayo kpbo, Nat, xdvet noki pt, Eivar dpaia i dvougy 850; H'Ayyhia elvan ya 24 LESSON 4 Elvat dpatos 6 zeqdvas &0; Nat, elvar ipa nod’ ‘patos, Eivat dpato x6 eahoxaipt 25, Nai, eiva noR0 dpato. Elvat dpaia § Mapvnda; Ervot dpata i APhvas Nat, elvan dpa. Nai} civat pata, bad ‘The winter is 4 beautiful ‘The spring is 4 beautiful 109 short too short winter bad summer ‘The summer is 4 beautiful tis too short winter ‘The room is too large summer ‘The night is too long Isa baa 4 spring ‘The winter is too short \& The towns vey large { tists She is very beautiful 2 Make up ten sentences of your own using the following words: 6 gecvds yemdvas ——otuep Ti pty! o.genwe KaROKAIpL RAVE COO pete Gvorgn ae Rpat méipa oko 3. Answer the following questions in Greek: Kéver xpéo omuepas Xioviger omspa: Botyet otepa; 10 ios haynes shupas Zoo poet x6 110M: Zoo dene A Poort: Soo pias 80" Eob dpécer A, Odacou; ob dpéoet H“ABha; Soo apéoet airy yovaixa; Lesson $25 Grammar: Genders ‘Nouns are usually masculine for male persons and animals and feminine for females. However, they may also be neuter, ©, <0 dy6pr, + Kopiror, inanimate ‘objets mayb masculine, feminine or neter 8 gralhids, f vorxta, 19 mpat The Bender of fovns therefore wl be best leaned by asso- cating the definite article with the noun. Nouns Masculine Fenn Neuter 6 orabpdg 4 yovatcn 2 nasi 6 avepas 1 or 6 Bows 6 vaveng A saan) 8 Bicos ‘Adjectives also have three genders. The adjective agrees with the gender of the noun it qualifies: 6 yeytos crabs, f opaia. vizza. Adjectives_in: o¢, 0, 0 0F 0% a, © ‘Masculine Feminine neyihog evan, patos pate pato 5 NEMMNTO MAOHMA Acknon0 A Aiwa ‘Aegina Koj oF dsm sill, yet; more Bios, n, 0 other _ Wplbos, a, 0 rey A Spat rachma Spoctpbe, 4,8 cool, fresh 41 Bpome ‘cool, freshness Elem also; likewise 4 Yom heat beards, a, & bot, warm 26 uson 5 4 aipdg time: weather iver Bpooid ita cool ives Glory it hot vou io; Shall we bathe? rove nr Rovtdss i 8 hore 1 Kpo cold bes, 0,0 cold, chilly we ene ave A Aevovdba Iemonade 1h hepad money Iotby then pp (ad) far xp, long xo Moti (diminutive) te island A moprowusga orangeade m0 who which bao sve Bow much does it cost? sh aptior 9 thing bs — vat Bids or yng 8 hight 2 Gee teh ocd ss windy ovbuietg “AL. ed. con, Tsp, Mee, ead ooo, AhiBavepe. AL Thea Tix. Elna nak, etyapior®. Kx fob; A Ee er Tee. Ker sot Sten ofyepa ‘AR, Nal xdvet, £0 gen thoxalpy elvar nohd tears Tie ov Sékaoou ofpepe: Niéx. Nalyraj 2m Oiiaaon xiver ndvza Spoovd. NA, ie dido aptyia nob shot Tokt Shoppe 850 othy ‘adda ‘Te THis. "H0idaoau sivac névea yadda xa Ceo he Tay givin 4 Bédacon oxy “Ayyhia;” Aév elvan Lwsson 527 Mer. [Ox Stvetvar yadatia. Elva yxpite Kai ade xp, “AL. Hoe hoxtdy, oF “Eva Ao xptysia'm0d pod Gpéoer 15 civar re voix. W Atywwa; "Exet elvan xodi pata. Ties. Even paxpui | Atywar “AR. “Onn Te. Tape. "Ak, Tob ivan 4 Zoi; "EDO elyat. | Pett oon. Zoi, "Ad, Teta Gov. Ti wavetc: Zoi, Eljiar nohd xahé, xv io; ‘ah, Kuhé, sdyapiar6, Tidus, Flow Exousn: Tod; Zon "AR. Eoiy Atywva, Zon Nat, Erousm ely, Tage. Tpaxsu} BEdoxnen Ti eiva aed; Adxi elven § Bacau, Tieiwa abeoi Abris clvat 6 Taplewivas, Theives ado; ‘Adcd ela Eva vet Movi etvar ade xdi.n; Abe AROAn elvan h’AGHUE. Thos civar aitd xd Bows; Aied "20 Bouvs. elva H Tlépynea. Tow civar abrd +0 vyovixt; Azo. TO -vyoGL elvan Eedhayive. Thos®s elvat 8 Kopios Mov- "Ey einer 6 xtipiog Mov- podius: odeus, Trou elvar 4 xupla Mov- “Ey een ia Mow- ad das A mp a ei A) won Tlowk civar 4 Scoro0 Sa "Ef elim 4 Sconowiba ‘Movpodna; Movpotie. Tod: etvan 880; 0 TiOpyos civ #50, Tloui vat. ymin: "HMapia elvan yn, Tlowd civ Sopp: Te vnodiet elvan Guopgo. Zod dpéont 866; Nai, pot dptoer népa nods. Eo dpsont O@acoa; Nai, wot dpéoet napa nons, ob dpéoer abxo x0 yyoxixt; Nai, wed apévet napa ROAD. Yoo dpécet A “AHvas “Ox, 6€ woo Apeoet noA0. Zoo dpéocr zd ymavi; “Oy, 8& od dpéser nods, 28 LESSON 5 4 rimyaivooe oxyntic. ‘huepa, Tiqyalvoue or Odasoa hyena; Miqyaivooje avy Mapvnte Tiypatvooie ory “Axpé Inpalvouue ov “ApS okn omiepa: Tiqratvoote orb Tlespaud ‘hepa; 5 Blouare Kad Etouove “Ayriog Eloaoxe ori Baia wo pa; Etouate oxy ’Axpoxokn; Flouste Koved om} Oi.ae- Fluency practice 1 Translate into Greck: the beer? the wine? How muchis the coffee? the room? the large room? ar woos | Heer ready? etl 2 Answer the following questions: Kavet «plo efspa; Kavet Stor step Kavet Spootd ofuepa; Raver Kahds xaupos ofuepe; Elvat xoved: Bidkacon; Elva yaxpid 4 Oddaoau; Elva dpooeph # @dhacou; Tinyatvoup. Tiyyaivoone. Tinyatvoone Tinyatvows Hinyaivoune. Médtora, ctu xa. Madera, elu “Ayrhos. Nat, elu oviy “EARGba Nat, eiuan oviy "AKpéroin. Nai, eluan xoved: oti) de aon. bg station ‘his 4 the sea a lemonade | anforangeade | the room? George? Where is 4 the station? ‘Athens? the sea? Lesson 5 29 Elvan Ceorh A Béhacou; Elvan xpoa # Oiacoa; Elvat f Zo) ynahs Elvat fj Zon xovens Eivat f} Zo1) 6uopen; Eivat 4 Zan) dorms Grammar: Questions A sentence can_ be made interrogative by the inflexion of the Voice or by using one of the following pronouns or adverbs Pronouns Adverbs a what? ob; where? o16s, Rou, rOLb; Who, which? —ms;__hows what ? 6006, 860%, 8660; how much? —x6z6i when? To Bondo civ eyo; Is the room large? Mouds elvan 6 KopLos; Who is the gentleman? Tide ver abs; How much does it cost? Tod elven 6 ovatidss Where is the station? Tid; eioaste; How are you? Order of words ‘The order of words is less rigid in Greek than in English. The subject can follow the verb without in any way changing the ‘meaning To Bopino elvan weyiiho; Is the room large? Elva t6 Sondtio jeyGo; Is the room large? iva peyaho 7d Soylécto; Is the room large? Note: The words phmos, séye—perhaps, are used in questions to express doubt. “Exete wfinos dyed toryépas Have you (perhaps) any English cigarettes? 6 EKTO MAQHMA Akihiro. 8 A 2 ® ayphands, a, 3 dypwohotn.ovs0 wh av, ae 80 dobexa EBbopdda or PBopisa EBsopaBiafo, a, 0, BavInds, Ty O xaanépa cas arompaowos, n, © Kyoto xt din, xt Gd0 wm Hovoos 0d. 8, i Bios, M0 Sx oA’ oript a xavere; ipa Spa ‘pata (adv.) ‘pata Rovnossua patos, a, 0 English wild flower earth, land ot twelve week ‘weekly Greek country country (adj), rural date ‘wonderful do you want? ‘good morning Yery_green Kitssia climate ower halt not very lass hhow are you? hour; time beautifully ‘beautiful Mowers beautiful LESSON 6 31 Dovidcén "AR, Kaknuépa ous, navéid. Te xavere; Zoi Euaore nohb xan, tod ei vers, “An. Kréya wand eat Tee, Tiépatepépa emuspa! Zoi Qavniona jépal "H dvoxkn tiver nod dpaia éxozs Hey Tgpute avons Ti hownoddia iva abcd, "AASBovrpe; TAR) Aba Bipa, ehovhesbn shat Ke bypuchothouta és, “Ohm A 7M elvan xacaxpdswv, "Ak. Tinyuivouns ony Knpieta ofyspa; Zan Mod eiva' Knowouds, Elvan jnepids "Ah “Ors, Biv elvan paxpt Zoi Maus. Mézpo, skou Exoqos; Thee. Nat, cua Erowpos. Tapa elves; Zao Elvan Sébexs. ft Opa. Thee. Etvat suas peomépr; AR, Tue, nade Zoi Tits, Tlézpo, Mipazevei, éoxnon * goat oe: “Ot & gos, Xiovigel eitepa: “Om, 86 poviée, KéverGbom otf othasoa; “Oy, Biv nde horn ox Kaver xp6o ord Boovd; “Os, BEV nave p60 ond Bote; “On, 86 Bb 2 Bpéye Bos "On. Bpiyet Zo: O78 Be Bp. Bpize Eo: ‘Ont non Bpizet Reo: "Op fo, Bpexer Bo; “On tpa. Elvat 47H xarompaown; “Oy, Sév elvat xazanpéown. Elva xt Boova oxexaopava “Oy, dev elvau oxenuoueve hi gov: ie ov Elva Oihaoon xpia; “Or, Bev elvan Koa. Fivat # Sdacou waxpid; — “Of, BEv eivar pape Eivat 4 Odhaooa dpaia; — “Or, Sev elvar pata, 32 unsson 6 4 Blvat ahs x6 xpaat; ——“Oys, Bev elven Kahd «8 ‘epaat iva xa unipa; “Oty Bi ela KoA ipa. iva xa Roproxun@ba; “Opt, Sev elvan wa ‘roprowahia ivan wads Pejowida, "Oph BEV elvan aki ‘Teioviea. Biya wads 8 wages; "ys BEV elvan adds 6 9k 5 Blouate “Aryhosi év eluan“Aryhos. Etouove ebyapiorypévos; Aév sluat ebapiormptves, Elouove roupusyevn; ‘Aby elas xoupacyievn, Etouate foun ‘Aby elu Erogmn, Eloaove nh ‘aby ath ym Fluency practice 1 Translate into Greek: pity! ‘lean? Pesusful day! ts the [covered with lowers? ‘Whata4 beautiful night! countryside Beautiful? beautiful mountain! very green? (beautiful woman! covered with snow? England a large country’? 1 beautiful city? France a beautiful country’? ‘capital? Bs { Greece small country? — Is Athens 4 far Russia far ? near? Belgium near? ‘large city? 2. Make the following sentences negative, bei fh non job dpéast rohs. a Povva elvat oxenagieva je x16vi “HADAve elvay uaxpia. Kayes xpéo ofnepa. Geko xpast. “0 Méxpos GéXex va novipt vep6. Beer E50; LESSON 6 33 ot ori Oddaocu; Eivat 6 ovahds waxpids Elvat 10 past Kuno: 3. Give the definite article of the following nouns Yi. morhp —xdAorntg— sodva KATY Hor padi” — dvortn ort omHep pa froxh pat igre Sxdyena — OdAasou Grammar: The negative form ‘A sentence is made negative by placing 88(0), not, infront of the verb. Kaivet xpio. ‘by aver xpéo. Itis cold, Its not cold, Bijan “Ayyhos. Taman Englishman, Adv elyat “Ayhog. Lam not an Englishman, yet. TE is raining toda Hehe QP eze. Wis not rating today day becomes 6 when te following word begins with 1, By 8, DAW we Oe “Ox. is used on its own oF before a nouit or adverb Beer: ‘Ox Is it raining? No. Beet “ON mons, Tait mining? Noi much pete “Ons do, 1Sicainng? No more xelamations . Tenia! at «pity Tl apa épal ‘What a Beautiful day! Note: Words beginning with a vowel which bers no ascent Tend to foe tne ina "vowel toe or nly ieee Or Oynide or ymbos SfBopd aor Sowa 7 EBAOMO MAOHMA Aegutre “Adbeavtpe Alexander (006) intoos at once ya trons Bre ronhos vepd Ses of mar ote T have, had aot, a, 0 wonderul oi, Noche Tang, wanted 8 sahokelpe sommes ‘evo ere doy make (inperatie) rs, Exo Takes made oval oF bear te pub, xpiooa Tet cold, fel old ibines, here tall Speak Crnperatv) naa, pchnoe Teak, spoke hn Or ipa bear Yorséves, vigroce a fae ive Eeyepooe day. breaks (ro Coe here you are 18 oko uz Rporud, xpociunon I prefer, prefered rota fist. (aah) 8 ponot or @poksyioy watch look Seaapaxak please oriy EAB Er Greece sovseeg ‘ually ft sepepve tavern, restaurant flora, nove noting; “nthe toute Urmote there i were [ella there are 2 guynt® ooo your seal Splocag 0 fre Wome wupthios Weazie, -ed 4 you fae rain Lesson 735 Eovbugeey "AR, EAs dpéget fh Knoiord; Zoi Mob apéast not. "A. "BBG xoved Ondpyec pad mond xa cava. Ties, Yayaices! Zoi Kpvavo Myo. "AL. Maus of wed cafépvas Mléz. Ti dpa elvan; Za Téxpo, Sev Exar pohot; ler. “On, bev x0. TAL, Elvai 860 kai of. Maye a5; Advi 4 caBépva Exot nad gery Kal KAS Kpuot. “H Knpiatd joo dpéast okt civ dvoigy. TO xahoxaipt myaivo ave ov} 04.c000, Zoi) Tyyaivoue quasi xpudve! "Ak. Nay nae, Tes. Todd pata vafépva! . AAT xporutee uo gcnsd,cpaa fuxip 270 mpotuid Kpasi, yal xpuOW, "Ah, "Bob, Téxpo; Tlét. Kvépi zponiue epaai yrari xaver iyo xpbo. “Exouye wiinas odo; "AL. Nat, Exouve. Zon Gého Kiyo oso xpra, o& rapaxaha, "AiEavepe. "AL, ayjiicia. Aornov rpia ota kat ws x0 gay qsd, KPa; Met. TLdpa woztover vopa oniy "EdGda, “AREEavipC; "AL. Ay Eta. Hlér. Tl dpa Ennepaver; "AL Atv Eépo. Tlés, Kanos Sloat bob. Atv pers vixora, Tpaysixi &Edorenon 1 Ti OéAeres Ede Eva orp veps. Th eeheres hove Eva Rovipt VERS. Ti bene: Oka Eve orp vepS, Trobe Zon: Oéhet Eva RoTHpL vEpS. Ti BBhovve H Zon Kai & TIéxpos: @eRovve Eva Roipt veps. 36 LESSON 7 2 Tietrere; Ab Geko sinoce. Th eBece: ‘AL Oehovne tiora. Tobe: [AE Ged tinoce. TOBE h Zon: Ab G6 tinora. Ti Bovve H Zon xui 6 Tléspos; Ab Ohowve tixora, 3 Kovoveres “Ox, Bév Kpvsivo. Kpvavere: 2x, Bey Kpviovoue Kpoavers; “Oy, BEV KpDove. Kpvover i Za; “Oys, Bev Kpuiver Kpoovouve f Zax) xa & Tléxpos;, “On, Bev Kpviovoure Naf, wi2e “EXAnvicd Nat, jihaue “EXAnvoRs. Nat, 10h “Edanvued Nat, poke “ERAvuc 4 Maktice "Exinvexd Mudaze “Exivuna Mids EhAnvext: Mu EMqiKa } Zon: Midave Bxnvixa Zan xa OTExpos: Nai, wave "EXAnvind. 5 Miporwlice xpaoi rips; HHpor xpact. Hiporiwaice xpaci fl uripa: — THpotustive xpaci. Tiporiitis xpact A ueipa; _FIpotyub xpaai. Hiporid xpaat wipe f Zara; Tpotit xpaot Tiporiitive xpaci ® jinipa; Tipoxyidive xpaci. Fluency practice 1 Translate into Greek: water? water Do you want | wine? wine aglassof 4 beer? ‘There isa glass of 4 beer fresh water? freshwater red wine? red wine white? is windy red? is cold Is thewine | good? Tt 4 is hot warm? drizeles (cold? ‘dawns 2. Complete the sentences using-one of the following verbs in the appropriate person: Gé, xpudva, eluat, wo. Lesson 7 37 Onn Riyo veps. “Eye Bev. "BOD Algo vepss PED oa 'OMxpos .... iyo vepd. ‘0 Tléxpos dev 10 Mézpos xi fy. Aiyo veps. "Ey eat 6 Mexpos Bev "Botig .-Atyo vepd; BBE es OMMEspos Kat h Zon igo wep 0 Mléxpos wal Zoi Bev. "ByO bby thd Kah 856, “Bye 58. nade EM-nvunee "Bob kad Bek, Eb «hd "EAAmvued 10 Téspos w., Kauai 886, "H Zoi Bé . nad "EXAnvuct. “0 Tléxpos et yo “H Zany ee bya ahi 6, and "EA NVURd. ‘Boele wah dxet; Beets ad PLinvveie “0 Mlexpos wat Zon “Zoi wal 6 Téxpos 58 chic 636. ake. "ERwin 3. Conjugate the verbs inthe following sentences: Tinyaivo ory Hox}. Mao “Egy toh) wand. AL bea vixora Grammar: Present indicative of active verbs In Greek the personal pronouns (I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they) are not used as subjects before the verb, but they may be employed for the sake of emphasis oF clit The endings change to indicat subject and number, singular or plural The second person singular is used in familiar speech: the second person plural i the polit form of singular address. GROUP I Ist conugation Verbs in which the accent falls on the stem in the present indicative ¢6. muivea, xpuiova, Beko, Riv, SMuepdvel, OEE ver, Beye, conjugate as follows 1 mivo 1 catch, or take 2 mavers you catch’ 3 maver hie, she, it eatches 1 muivouse, one we catch 2 mavere you catch, 3) mdvoove, ow they catch 38 LESSON 8 GROUP 11 2nd contgation Verbs in ‘which the accent is on the ending in the present indicative fall into two groups. pod, 8iy, aw, Sys, mapas, prod, npOTIH, oRDIND, Rep, rapracd, woud conjugnte ike phd PF xaaed, GB, py. Ewv0G, wOxorPapD, TL=ypapO, feahts “conjugate like top6. 1 WAG, Go T speak propa Tean, 1am able 2 wag baxopets 3 aaa Ger luropet Luh, obue seropotye 2 jwhdre unopetee 3 have, oov xopote, oby 8 OFAOO MA@HMA Aetuiono _ dBe105, a, © empty 8 Gos sand © Gvipanos man arr from vi appata antiquities A) Bapxa rowing-boat ‘yetiv0s, 0, 0 ful yeudtes, n; 0 KéoHO Full of people ‘pais why? pe, for 6 diaBarng passer-by 4 Biadpou run, 8 Bpdtlos road, street 8 mapaens passenger 88 ots péost you will like it 88 aie Wwe shall go) Satya! (noun) wonderful LESSON 8 39 080 va 80 T want to see ‘oo, perhaps ah} ibe ood idea 3 kéai05 World; people pdaive, Sua0a earn, Hearat vo cay iets Shue swe torn reply about; roughly iva, fire 1 aeuiky draak xo moto boat 1 peosopéy restaurant bors, pornoa Trask, asked we Bosvio Sounion & eaztbubens traveller So toxeto Site spot ttt i= ‘povprovapéves, n,0 rough Eovbutehn AL. Tid 005, nad Zan Petd cov, "AnEavepe. Kaver opaia népa ofepat “Ak Oavpejgpa. inyavouge oxd Boia; =. Ton uh iBéa Gov, Toso paxpla Elva xO Eoimo fix'cny “ABH “AA, Elva eepinoo ne dpa Zor Elva h napaita ai yu wxdo: ‘ah: On sa mo TH bdlagos sia ora ouprow viaoulim al abvf00s guet RoLb. TO roxeto Gjos Heat Gatmsow. Me Mays, Za Ehpspa eloax Gpaia wlpa wal tows 58 geet “An, "E80 88 quon anda dxet gust névrore. “H. S1aBpoph slvat Exton Suopen, Od ots dpéoes ro2s. Méx. Ha. Eyo Behm xodd vi 83 1 FovMO Kal dpyata Zon Tote 00 stye; “Ak. Tue dudes copa. Zan "Eth eat teouin. “Ea, Ttspo, stoas Brospo Mée. KrByo Fromos slam, Elva 6 5960s Kohds: TAR Nal nou ahd 40 LESSON 8 Zoi "Yrdpzovve peseapiv; "AK Nat. Pat ports: Zar, “ows 8 civar spain {560 vi modus Eve tot Exe, TAR, Kand, AtRd Toins 88 88 aod dpéoct. Zor Tari dx PAL Tuas Bad elvor "BMAGSe Kai ory ERAGSU nivouve algo fy Kage kui Sy: rou. Tipaxruci, *Aaxnon T Mrhave of xipu ERanvixits Nut, of woptot phd "EX Ic Mihatve of “Aryhot “ERAnvexd; “Or, ol “Ayyhot 68 wehave “Ednvoed, Muave ot “Auepikavot "EA- Nat, o Iayvixts “Ehinveed, Moaive of eagtbuiees “Oy, of sa BrOres BE “Exnvuxds have "ExAnvuxd. Midaive of empires "ExAnvux Nal, of émBices hive “Bhanvind. Nai,of ipsporcivareyiho. “Oxy of Spojot BEY elvat Khoi Naf, of drupe evar exon “Oy, of tabLBrbres Bev 2 Elyat of Sp5uot peyéhor Eivat of 6p6y01 Kanot; Bivat of érupaiees Eroyion; Elva of eaktsubzeg xovpue "Oy ovo iva kovpacuvo. Elvan of nOpiot abyapiaty- Nai, of kUpiot elvan ebza~ uévou: plornpevou. Traci 6 xaipds Bév sivat 3 Pasi Sév xnyaivoone ovo ‘Foovio; wthbs, Traci Sev mnyaivoous avi Thar 6 xaupds Sev sivat Bwacou: ands. Tiazl 8év mnyaivooue ody Hepavave: Pari xéves Céom, Traci 8év mnyaivouns otiv Tidpvnse Tuati waver xpbo. 4 04 nye od Zodvie ofwepas “Tous nae 8 nays oeh Oakasoa ofyepa5 “loos nape HESSON 8 41 it nae ordv Mapdeviove ‘intend “tos rap ed alge eri apna ofpepa; “Tows ripe. 5 Elvat of Spéyor yepdcor xdapo0; OL Sp6yor elvat Beto. Etva of oxaduot yendcor koou0; Of oraGpo! elvan aeto1. Elvan # napadia yepden ee “H rugoda eva cu Elvat #’AOjva yeuden kéouo; “H 'Abiiva etva ade, Elva 10 moto yojdzo xéouo; TO mhoto elvat GBcto. Fluency practice 1 Translate into Greek: clean tired ‘The roads are} good ‘These passengers are 4 ready empty all men Greek ‘These men are English \ Americans 2. Put the following sentences into the plural “0 xopuos sive From. Atos 6 Kopiog civar “Ayyhog. Tlows elvau abros 6 KOptoss ‘0 Spooe,sivar Youscos KooHO. °O wabidubens wud “ERAN vad, ‘Abts 6 Emde Géhet 4ud roproKahdda. ‘0 gorrnzis xpuaver Abtos 6 wiivag elvat nod’ Leortds, Abtdg 6 stadhidg elvan nok’ uEythos, Aizog 6 “EAAnvag elvat nodd) wn, 3. Conjugate the verbs in the following sentences: Madaivo "EXAnvixd. Karahafaive “EXinvixé. Tivo évay agi. 4 Insert the correct definite article in front ofthe following yep xpaai oito oe pripa Aejovdda jeonuépt finbyeona vixra spa RoproKOAdSa 42 LBss0N 8 5 Put the following words into the plural: 8 avepas adnric roids whvas) epviems abeds yemiovas adres rocos Fuels meddens ups fiorogthavas ournens ‘povos ‘yeicovas adpegrns Expos axépas Buapdens Grammar: Plural of nouns and adjectives (masculine gender) ‘The plural of the masculine definite article (the) is of ‘The Indefinite article has no plural. ‘The plural of most masculine nouns, pronouns ané adjec- tives is formed by changing the endings: Change Singular Plural Meaning 0 into ox} grafds of geaduoi stations S"Ayyhos of Ayyhot Englishmen uxpos nxpot small rnoi65 roi = who anos abrot these ‘ag, ng into es 8 dvepag ot vxpeg_—— men 6 pivas fol tives’ months tmupermg ol pes passengers Sette Steabibrs Revels ‘Adjectives and pronouns vary in gender and number to agree with the nouns they qualify. Adtdg 6 woptos elvat Erompos. Adtoi of xéptot elves Frowion Tloiwe elvar wirdg 6 wiptog; THotot ivan airoi of xpiot; “Orakwubomne elven Exouios. Ol sastdudres elvan Eroyot Abaoe 6 dmipiens elvat Abroi of émifires, elvan “Arhos “Arvin 9 ENATO MA@HMA Actuate Ainzaiog, 0 ancient a peone neighbourhood MioKahos, Sucxdha teacher (m and f') 6. owes Dionysor 38 Spa drama Emechous at let ean roo Acricod Petes Ai pi x06 Arrxo [etoces Atticus (gen +8 Géaxpo theatre Gl 1 dioor ae Place, seat KUWOUPM, 1, 0 few rhs ptoace vreloome Ranbe obs fonwaye We are happy to. be here § countin Comedy 8 eet hort regret, regretted tay, homo rope, repr wap, 0 back Hoo my 8 fovesto museum W008 veriow: Shall T introduce to you? vos, 0.0 new atte, Fraga T play, played rahmids,d, 0 0r radios old (not new) ‘Riv, Exdwo, dave” up, above, on top 8 Hapéevovas the Parthenon ot xpdnosec {oot (oF hil) obs Rporobes atthe foot 4 oon erg busstop ued pardon x8 ofonsio Echool sagtBebo, cobideya T travel, travelled x8 Taio travel, journey © thos, A gin fiend (m and f) Yaipa nok Tram pleased to meet you 44 LESSON 9 Eovbdiekn Sear aria a a mee tees a Raed ace i Setode Soret Oct nnd tr i saps ie mee Zon ‘Aveiv Arnie Pipyos Kadiis épioure othy "ENA5a. Za” Kahbs ods fpiat. (Be tet PB, Fe roc SE nae fet, a, Be cmon TR ‘O° Tibpres ivan tag mato poo whos. deed Tipayeuni BEaoxnon 1 KarahaBatvouve of xupies “EMnvexis Nat, xarahapaivoove, Kacehapaivoove of Arp “Sibameae AS Karahafaivouve of "epee “EXAnads Karakapatvowe of ‘aktbuoraors EEA Karehaputvous of aro ous Paya 2 Elvan of Blépes peyithegs Eivat of Rapes xahés; Etvat of émifiarioaes Kovpas- eves: Elva of cakisuioncoes Eros: Eivat of Kuples ebyapocmpé- vess 3 Elvan of fépres yeutires ‘x6o}0; ivan of apres yepices dve- ec; Eval of Baipees yeyéires ‘yuvatie: Etvat of Papres yewéros Buc hess 4 Elvan Arvrépa cfepa. Adv iva Econ, Dhuepa sivat Tgunen. Aéy van Exo; Eva Fabio ofuepa, bv sivat Bray; Efwspa evar Kupuay. Atv elvat Brat; 5 Tos cakBevere avn: Tradl sab ebece ji hoto; Mas cakBebet Zor ovvibios; Lesson 9 45 “Ox, Biv Kacahapaivonve, Nai, xacahaBaivoove, “On, Bév Kasahapaivouve, Nai, xacahapaivoove. Nat, of Bépxes efvat nerds “Oy, of Pipes Biv elvan Nai, of émpirroces elvar Koupacuieves, “Oy, of taEibtdtsaes Biv ivan Ecomes Nai, of xupies elvan stig plonpeves, (Ot Paipnes Bay sive “yeudres KéoHo. Ot Bipecs Bev evox ‘yeutres dvepes, Ol Rapes 8év sivas yeud- “weg yovaties, ‘Of apes 86y elvan youdic ‘ws BaoKdes, Ady clvax Acvrépa, Etvat Tpien. "Om, elvat Texipen “Oy, elvat Mlapaaen}, “On, elvan EafBéro, Tabidedo wt oto, Tati yoo dpéor, TabtSebet ue adcoxivnro, 46 wasn 9 Ten odes ub pis Tart sn 6-200 dptoe fh yoromd wo; Nal a0 Aptos, Fie ibe A TRtpiwekns” Nate cpio Nai, 100 epee “Tab apsort & epoevoves: oe Nat, pas dpéoet. Big dpéeet 76 Oéaxpo; ney pact tate into Ge fl of peop The Gk tons ae { al me altace rsp 2 Put the following sentences into the plural “H. xopia. iva Broun, ‘Abe A wopia elvan "Ayy2iba, Tlowd elvan bch 4 wopias *H rabibioniood yO "ERAqvuct. 1H septa ka, td noproxehabe “H gotriizpua Oi. Kao ‘Aira Barc elves 20h) Spopen ‘Abell A empbpos alvar weydn. ‘Aber a Eddnvida elven x0) wr THoud Kopia elvat Saoxtiha; 3. Write ten sentences in Greek using the words below: 0a fdeha, wine, Opiots, nora, cvvi|dos, naveore. 4 Conjugate the verbs in the following sentences Madaive EManvuxts Mes. Kavo pravio. Mporipé xpact. 5 White the foie gender ofthe following adele {yeustos, GBeios, KaBapdc, Suop9os, Opalos, dpyatos, vios, ahass, Kawooprios, lignpos, uatpos, dxpuBes, envds, ayes, jwpds, Raids, doxrH0s, uesson 10. 47 6 Put the following words into the plural: ov Gvorin or sewed Vea bei, Qion ore BBB ‘povalea R607, grion or GBvaoos Hntépa xox ReEn org Oehayimydg Grammar: Plural of nouns and adjectives (feminine gender) ‘The plural of the feminine definite article (the) is of “The plural of most feminine nouns, pronouns and adjectives is formed by changing the endings Change Singular Plural Meaning a 1 into of papa ol ypes countries 1 bapa ot ipnes oats puta pute beautiful oud mol’ who () Alnor) ol frogs Seasons Hakorn of oyts country homes woxp iucepic small (9) anh a these () ne isintois f xokN 1 — ol RGAE —_ towns Aowan.is —oLardanis _bus-stops 05 into or 78865 oador streets 1 ta@pépos ol Rewpopor avenues 10 AEKATO MA@HMA Asko dpsed 4, 8 enough A Sempivn sspirin Supls 6xéPaoa read 5 Sabie, te read (imperative) i sowspaper ot hook T'would like Tras 8 falian “Trundg. ahi Italian (m and f) 48 LESSON 10 1 xokiune sinning 8. hewowe temon 18 na por ft thee 16 Youoxoutto foetal Teper fester 000 6 Tonto foot 8 owoxtyahos fede 8 roves ache, pat 3 opeoxds orange revved re: nowhere nds, hy 8 si Paoons, Pacetta Russian (ov and f) 4 gone time 1h Spotra frat 18. Seivexap0 autumn Roving “AA. Ms clam, Mexpo: Te. "Taio sovoigano asin Tak Odiew xedhan dominion: : THe. Ow icke ytd Broa, of xapaxeds, “AREavEPE TAL. ‘Opioce wal epecich 6 és. Eijeprerd oko TS Ga'ibekee sna wal wd sopcoxehiba: Tax. Sty eve denen bee 00 waver Fug x0 ‘Ak “Optoce x ih ropsoxokasa, Boyupies8, Oudhe noproeuidba! ne “An, Ties. "AR Tis, “Ah Ah Elvat pe gpéoxa. nopzoxdhta, | ‘eroprosdie oxy adda sion tayydows, Moses ‘popes 73 ypavo Eysxe gpéoxu roprowdhva; Go gopee To gewvénnpe al Thy Gvorgn, BAe, ot cll Eyre pinos ywa Sonpeptba: “Ego Banvixh sgnpspida. “Oplore. Ardpaae pats pa dpweed Eady : Jo ca EMvnet ou Bt eivat nok’ wa Eivat,elyat, Od nae rovdewe ofuepas, “Om ixdua. Mera 2 neampept, 100s, Trad etvat Za Lesson 1049 Nix. Adv Epa, Elvas antve, to “AR, Elvan wah; ms Mes, Kon ves Tipazruxt Hdoxnon 1 04 G6haxe wid RoproxuRdsa; Eizapiord, Oi AOeAa pad oproxahabe. 4 Oédare évav Kage: EXqapiot6, Oi Heda Bvay : xage 08 Oéhare tva oifo; Etyaptard, 0 F8eRa fv Oa Obiaze Aire ppodea; ——EXzaprard, 0 eRe Riya ‘9podra. 2 Elvan ci mota yondea xéqyo; Nat, eva yejdza xéape. Elvat té nota neydaa; Nat, eivat peydda, Elvat mota xatvoopra; Nai, elvat kawodpysa. vat 6 hota nah Nai, sivat ma 3 Bepece "Aryans Ay Epo "Aryhoxi. Eépote Fepuavixt ‘ev Eipo Fepnavend Poootxd: ‘abv Eepo Pasa Tldaes yada bépere; po [Ovo ita 7B. Modite "EXanvixis Ki fy WO “EkAnvind Kavahapaivers Blanes KY £0 rotehafatvo "Eh vt pers xi Aheg yhooes: KU Ey tp xv Gnheg ‘Yahoos 4 Moo rnyaivere xe Kupiah; div xnyaivo novdevd ‘Tinivete xide weonuépt, AbV xivo tinota. lob xonountee: ‘Ady KonDURO novBevé. Tideeres At 86h vinota 5 aapaore civ tonuepida. Thy daikon Portia vy Zon Thy pari, Mubtioce EAdnvund, Mido, 6 Minox Oehscs évav Kage: “Ox, izapiors Mitra O€Rert va noenpt vep6! “Ox, ebyaprars. 50. Lisson 10 Minas Oédece fva roproxih; Od feha va noproxdt Mitnos 8@hete gpotea: (Ou HOeda hiya pobre. Fluency practice 1 Translate into Greek " {white “The mountains ae { feautfal_ The boatsare{ si fief tress Laer ‘cheap very green mat Bho 2. Pat the following sentences into the plural: To Kapa elvar xaavodpno, Abed 10 nai elvan deny ‘Aya. ‘Abtd 10 Kopiren elva tae hy EAdba, ‘Aird 78 dyopr elvan dx'civ Teppavia, Tloid slvas aird 10 radi; To Béoos slvr zohd wey Ta Eavosozsto elvan dxpxBo. To Kahoraipt civat Coord. Abrd sO RoproKin elvat Oanjdoto, ‘To Repovt civar peyao. 3. Make the adjectives agree with their nouns: patos, a, 0 BAG05 Kids, i xpaci_ Buoppos, N, 0 ‘povaiea ymhds, hy 6 dvepas ddei0s, a, o Dom envds, AO Eevodopsto RaAIGs, td, 1d abroxivnso 4_ Insert the correct definite and indefinite articles in front of the nouns: Roproxd2s, roproKandia, Repo, deyowida, arpa, Baceahoc,” Baaxtha, dBepgos, “adeper, vihos, thn rakiSidens, tamdidTsad, Eon, —goITNTAS 5 Put the following words into the plural % hadnt ‘<6 Basos roid 1 pont wo yos Bove 3 rats 10 vos LESSON 10. SL Grammar: Plural of nouns and adjectives (neuter gender) The plural of the neuter definite article (the) is 1a. ‘The plural of most neuter nouns, pronouns and adjectives is formed by changing the endings Change Singular Pura Meaning © into a x6 fovvd = Bows mountains romolo th thola boats xpd hivgpd small (n) now ow who (n) ab: and these (a) \ into cb naidi_— sa andi =~ children wdyop ta dydpia——boys. og into epost Hep places wives td Fv nations Nouns of nationality have two distinet forms, 1 6 “EMqvas Greek man, 4 "EAAnvida Greek woman © “Aryhos’ Englishman, i "AryAiGa English woman This form is used for persons only, eg of “ERAnves the Greeks 8 "EMmag omnes the Greek poet 2 eAnvinds, nvoch, ayvind Greek dypands. ayyluei,” dyyhind English ‘This form is used for things only, e.g. A BAnvexh oinon — Greek poetry f) Gnvus} Yooou — the Greek language The neuer plural of the adjective is wed when refering to languages, e.g. . ti TEMnvici Greek sa ‘Arya English si ‘Teak Taian The verb Od Ocha, I would like, conjugates as follows: 0d fede Ba ABeAes 52 LEON I Oa AOeke Ba BeAaye ba GeAare 8a Géhave or AOchav Revision The nominative case ingular Plural & aad 6 of grade of ho 8 of 65. ol p> 0 wuxp= ot mor 3: nor ot fic. oe , we ot 8 avp- as of vep- % bmpae- ne fot Exifar- 0 yor of ZOp- es Brox of troy. 8 a uxp- 5 « pat 6g a me 8 4 aie te ns) ol Roe aig ° wi 3 xa- i é 3 ow. ot hixp- 8 mor 8 abe 8 11 ENAEKATO MA@HMA Achuso apya slowly, late Befara, fepaios certainly ‘ypryopa ‘quickly 6,4 Buztwhoypdeos typist (m and f) ‘Béxa napa eeeapro a quarter To ‘ten Lesson 11 53 of Aetgoi Deiphi Bovert hard" loudly vary unfortunately Homose ineigent sty fortunately 8a" we shall eat roune wwe Shall leave rabb00, ae all hd ee, Pleasant journe me bout : 10 Rempopeto bus Scarnngavinde engineer (m and f) x6 powarnpt monastery ye nae {ogo ‘Oows Aouxds Si Like 26 roripi 20 pack lass ‘of wine 10 noshipt 20 vapo Blass of Water 00 or dow ‘where oye slowly; carefully a sonpinsa skewers of gelled meat GRU og clerk (on and f) 26" phoetav 8 xugés cup of coffee 10 ghurkan v6 sou cup of tea Hau (ieee <0 peamsépe) pam yu (mply 10 peemnépt) Am. Eovbuidetn YAR. Taba, nob OEete vit nee ofpepa; Tee, Atv mnyaivoojc orois Aehoous: Zon Oaujdoue tea! Evel jaxpud ol Achgot: ‘AL, “Apwendiuxpid, eat ofiepa Sev So" td abroxivmsd oo Tix, Atv nespager. Mnyatvoupe ué rd Rewpopeto Zon by elt xovpaouivn xaDdAon.” Tape ofp. "AL, Tlohis nati. “O4 poyoune Kaw ig Sexe. apa Zoi Ot eluate from orig Bia rap térapro. ‘An, Kard' ig b6bexe Od cinuore om Anpabid Srov pope dpata couPRaRta, “AV Fyoowe Koipe Da nahie Kai oro jowwerhpt tot “Omio AouxtL Zon Moo sivat 20 novacrsip rob “Ootod Adve, mpi i je- vi th Acipaata: 54 Esso 11 TAR, Mevd x Aciabii, Zoi Nowiters 5r. 6d kéver xpbo oroig Achoods; "Ak. Kat Besoaa Bd waver ye elvan xOAM ype "AL. "H Btadpouh elven Oavuicia, Gd os dpéoe woh Zoi Aowdvioris éea napit tezapro Od. ji Broun, Tipazzuxi) &Goxnon, Tloco waver & xapéss Togo waver i éonpepisas Tloco waves x0 atc Toco xaver £6 oo; Togo kévouve of Rapébes; loco kavouve of éennepisec: Tiéao kavouve td oxi; Tlogo kévoove £4 otha; iva of Aho pap Elvat of Astgot xoveds Etvat of Aeheot 850 Kovtd: 3 Bod dplost abxd 28 vat; Yo dpdast wind x8 Bowva ot Apésouve aired xa ppotra: 200 ptnouve dra ve o0- Bhima: Zol dptoowve axis of Bbszrg; 4 Munsce ‘Arpanis Midare Posed; Kiaves capes svat ng Adci f tpdneta elvan Kher ont, “xOs fl Ucpoes Adi i paneGe elvan dvor- eh Hh eastoTH Fluency practice 1 Translate into Greek ‘good hotel inthe centre of Athens Targe room on the filth oor clean towel, please ticket for this evening's performance fresh glass of water 2. Write the following sentences using the correct case and gender of the adjectives in brackets: : Ta Eevobozeta vob Aovdivon etvan (éxpiBds, i, & ). Abed 10 Eavodoyeto eivat (oxnvos, th, 9) ‘Ts Aovoivo Exe (4e7dhOs, M, 0) SpOLOUs Kal EevoBoysta. Te Aovbivo Exet (neytihos, 1,0) Eevodozsta Kat 8p6j00s, | would like a UISsoN 15. 75 ‘To Aovbivo tye (uevGhog,n, 0) Esvoboysta vai (neydih0s,n,0) cb POHONS- : ‘0 Prdpyos kai Mapia etvan (rouios, n, 0) Ot wines Kai arpa etvar (Spoaepdc, 1 0) Guy “ERAUBA, Ta (Kunde, , 8) Bevodozcta elvan axpipa. Ta (adds, 0) ca Sevoboreta elvan dxptBa. To (ueyidog 1, 0) Bontrio eivar mtd Spooepd. Ta (neydos, 1, 0) % doydésio elyar m0 Spooepe. Grammar: Adjectives Adjectives must agree with the noun they qualify in: Gender (masculine, feminine, neuter); Namber singular,’ plural); Case (nominative, vocative, accusative, genitive ). fan adjective qualifies two or more nouns of different genders, it takes the gender of the nearest or is repeated. ‘adavds odpavds nal Bihacoa ble sky and sea onavSs obpands val yahavh bikacoa blie sky and blue sea [In predicative use the masculine is preferred for persons and the neuter for things. °O Tudpyog ai | Mapa sivas xahol ports, Georg and Mary ae good stdens Ts Boy wal jihasoa rie “EnAGbug sivas dpata, the mountains ani the sea of Greece are beautiful. Descriptive adjectives ususlly precede the nouns they qualify 6 rahavos obpavds, the blue sky. They may also follow the noun, in which ease the definite article is repeated: 6 of pavds 6 yuhavos, the blue sky. Adjectives ending in bey y 6 054 as 0, decline as follows: Singular Plural Nom. dec. Gen. Nom. Acc. Gen. ahs KURO) Kuhob KURO’ KahoDg UAW kak’ aki Kohfig —Kuheg KuAdg” KUABY kOhd KURO KUhOS KORE KORE UG patos Spato Spaiov —pafor_patovs Hpatov pata” Opaia Gpaias puts Spates” Spain Gpato ‘pata ‘palod pate spate dpatov ZZ Zm= 16 LESSON 16 Most adjectives are of the type of xahds, a, 0. Adjectives with an accented vowel and those ending in 10s, 610s, 010%, os form their feminine in a, ©. g. dpyatos, «, om=ancients pios, a, o,--cold, ‘There are however some exceptions 10 the above rules, e. g. EavOds, 1d, 6, blond; oroyds, wae O+ poor. 16 AEKATO EKTO MAQHMA Ackioy0 § glow cena 4 Sxouorne scouts A dpm end; side emmorieds, hy 6 Somforable pute, tnoe Teain began aio, Boe Ive gave Sar, ‘Boore tBve Gnperatve) fro o ovens, cay, xavéva anyone; no one 4 eho Hanke oak toon ¥en mae, i opis call ot “Opie the Dicds $ nlo plas 18 moorpanne coerimne * oe The day before yesterday 4 cepa row sete we ae 0 rato (Bedep00) ‘ooking-ofice 3 rotves val qaundds, A, o low. ovina Zon "Exeee clowsipun nd shy Goyer aptiotaon, apeccaio: Tayeto Avewyds x1 Lesson 1677 Zoi “Yrdpzowve whe sionsfpia yd wipro; Tajleto Tus shy ubplavh xupaoraon Zo Gnd Riya Zo TexalGoove ado; Tayeto Thy" Haskcrpa” rob BopoKAs, Lory ea dgzata hove via Edin; Tayeto “Ohaed pata ipye-naiGouvea oxd vin "ERAnvac. Zon Ti Oboes eperes Taeto “you hijas Olas cOv evivra Spay ovis xpos eprides oety liepn, nal dpxeres tOv eikoot Zivee Bpayjiv Ovlg dnavo wepKides. Za — A@ore pov tpia elowthpia tO elkoot névee. "H fexouceieh Ov Gpalo Bedspov evar xO2D xed. ‘Atv elvat Eon; Tayeto Maisova, sivai roid xichbg Blacis. Od OéRare xpia ony elkoor cetpé, ot} Heo; Zoi Tod pata, sbzapiord. Ti dpa apyiter vo Gécspo, is napaxh Tausto Eig 6x20 pa. Zan Tides dakdter 0 xpéypapya; Tasto “ADAAEL Ride donde, Thy Ga Ronda Ba natgovve s0Vs_"’Opvides.” rod "Aptazopavn kai sv Bb ava vyv"Epagian” 400 Paopyiov Nopedcy, Zo "A" Epon "elvorEvm novrépve Ero. Tayoto Elva ypaunivo oxy Kaneieh Sishonto cov Séxuto ‘Epdopo aldva., Zoi Mobsivere-piadasnaciorehipurndsiy" Epapthn” Tapeto Ebyapiows. ‘Opiote. Tipayeuch &doxnon 1 Bivas Bad § O4hace drei: Elvan mid Baba 880 dee. Elva kod abed 10 Eevodo: Elvan md xa aro dnd bcIv0. Elva md Ceovds ofpepa pa; ind. Bivat weydin adv ome Blvae md jean ale dx? ‘ait; viy Wan, iva pikpd acd od Saye Elven mid impo dn'ed G0. Eivat yhuwdés abrdg 6 ae Eivat Geordg 6 fog ove Elva mio yAvdg dx'sov Dio. TR Lesson 16 2 Elva dpata £86; Eva kaha dxcts Elva Pada exe Elvat dvaraveixt Geel; 3 Bhénerg Kudk 80; ivan Soppos 6 apBevs vas; : Elva xahds & xeipég: Elves pata ofa. Elva 3 m6 Gpato vnot aig “Exhabas Elva x10 Sylopon yovat- ‘00 Epa Elva 8 m0 peyihog tig na- peas, Elvat A x1 Suopen mapa ia a “Aryhing, Atv Eoune kavéve. ‘Atv Ezoune way. ‘Aév Eyoope Kaveva, Ab Eyoone xa. Aby Ezouue kavévay yesterday. ‘This is the largest room of the house. LESSON 16 79 2 Translate into English: Abtd 1 Eovosoyeto etvat Gvunaveis. ‘AOL CO Eevodozeto elvat md GvanadetKd dd éxetvo. ‘AbtD 16 Eovosoyeto cla @ mio avanadrexd Gx'Bha ‘Avs v6 Eevosoyeto elvan okt Svanaveie. ‘Avt6 0 EovoSoyeto clvat xo dvanaveind map Exetvo. 3. Write the comparative and superlative of the following adjectives owpacuives, 0 Bad ond dy 9 shar, tid uKpBS, Th © KOKKWOS, TO" APTOS, he YPHTOpOS, © ald, 0 erlihog, 1, 0 4. Write the comparative and superlative of the followin adverbs . : : ROVE, Haxpld, xud, pate, vapic, apr, yphvopa, impos, riow, ouzwi, Sovatd, oud, elzupiore 5 Write the following sentences with the adjetives in the comparative and siperlative: ‘Abth f, Badiron civ peydin, AbrO 40 midco elvat fad, ‘AbtOs 6 rotyos elvat dopos Grammar: Comparison of adjectives ‘An adjective can express tires degrees of quality Positive Comparative Superlauve relative Superative ‘absolute Add ms Add definite article Add rod’ ron before positive before comparative before positive Kahdg MO KGA’E —SMIO KURDS ——_RORDRORDRAASG hice nicer nicest nicest kaki) mI KOA) FMD RUD ROAD OAD Ka Kahd mb KORO TO MIB RARE ROAD ROAD AAD In. the comparative degree comparison can be made by sing the prepositions Go sap (than), "And is followed by the accusative; napa is Followed by the nominative Abcée 8 Revodsros elvas md adds dnd ExeTvov. ‘hi houder fet than that Abrde 6 ZevoByoc elvar md wads napa bxsh This hotelier is nicer than that. es 80 LESSON 17 Inthe superatve relative the preposition dnd is wsed followed bythe aceusative, or the gente Without a preposition. Abndg svat 6 m0 xthdg §av0d6y0¢ d’8hovs on6 x09 ‘Tass nest note fn the Sage Aids evan 8 m6 meds Eevodizos 708 20905. HO the ics hotee of te sags ‘Comparison of adverbs Most adjectives in o¢ and uc have corresponding adverbs in a ‘The comparative and superlative of these adverbs is formed as follows: Positive Comparative Superlative “pata m6 opaia okd pata Baba m6 Pata ond Babi Most adverbs of place form the comparative and superlative 2s allows How 1 riow okt Ee mo eo nond tea stow xo jon oR wow ‘The adverbs vopis, yxpds, Garepa form their comparative and iperage hha Whe avetbe n'a vopig md wopis okd vopig RpOS ro pRpoatit 10 pRpoord okd jrpoord Sorepa sm Sorepa Ok) mo Frtepe 17 AEKATO EBAOMO MAOHMA Ackabno ‘yoo of round BapopeeiKis, HO different Soxmila, doxijicce ‘taste; try (on) Boxiioae, Soxudore Cinperative) 8 Booquine (diminutive) small street EvGiapépov, ovag, ov interesting Frou kt Eran s0-0 xa xapBowa charcoal; coal LESSON 17. 81 dct something; some 1 Koropéro bred sn ctrl 38 Rpeag meat Abyouvear they are called 30 pagan keife A hepiba Portion, helping Me 18 Boxyidoers tory it vi pane to eat Sox as, like rev6, neivace Varn (vas) hungry 18 mapote for ound sid otgavos, 1, 0 in agreement suvnbeia habit, custom tore then PépO}0, Eocpa. Vbring, brought ‘98pe, gépte being imperative) ‘ynuéves, 1, 0 cooked vynve, Bn T roast, roasted of ymorupits bistros ares, 8 roast, grilled = yon bread ms pas fresh(ly cooked) Dovindedy AR, Tlewie, noududs Tle. Af 2 ee ae ‘wRdpves rod Asyouveat Wnacupite. Zeppipoove dog Biba eee etnies kn Zoi Séyipavor. "AL, Tlie £56 uéoo, Exo Eva pido yeapodvi, Ted o0v, Tipyo, Teapasvi Kahnuépa ous, xipte Mavaywordnovke, 8217 Lesson “AA, “Byers iva wahd rpanéti a rete; Te Mbibee He Bette Hawsnocoroct foun aveatva xthd spanéty. Abr #80 ob Aptos: “An, Keds elvan, Ti ba ps pes; Te Kpeasixy, KoKoptio xpos eos, 4nd pata cotta al ies : “An, Keahd, Tr@pro, pape 6, ro md wad Eye Tex, Bivavnaves Bron yoparee xéquo; TAL, Tonadonaipt dy. "0 mid ots re, ‘Bptowe: Sha ypeona eat Oo RL. Aninade 10 Koxopétel, Zavt TAV && ooh dpéoet, dev metpditer, 3b xahoxaipt ne Cty ao a Mondo at me Tipaxeusi, #doenon 1 Ober xavévag Myo youl "Ox, 68 0éRet xavévas you. coy; i : ens ‘Kapprd Atyo tpi “Oys, 5é G&Asr Kapped Tupi. cog; : bier avéva mandi Ryo-7d- “Ox, 58 OBRer kavive naubt at dx u0; "tia. 27 déce; Aly ne. Ti apace; 2 yout Ti dobre; “Aeobe ovo. Too nace: Tinyatvooie naptnaro, Piast hates; AN shai 311 hs: AB Ago sino Ti isi Ab Bik sixora Ti axon ‘by dxobe ixora Taper ‘Abv pb xtxor. Tob ic; ‘by nnyaive nove Tart wate, aby ato, Aave 6x newive, 4 Tig nabs Too ‘Adve Sti Bélovve vepé. Ti BEhovve va manBG; LESSON 17. 83, ‘Thaxobve ra nada; Te xpave ed madd Ave 611 éxobve pour. ‘Aéve Ste tpavE yout Kal opi Aave 6x naive nepinaro, ‘Aéve Se newave, Trot nave +t nasbids Taanl whatve 1a nabs 5 Ti Suop9o nod sive aid —Elvat npaynart rod Spop- soivqi ! c Ti dpata od elvan abe A Elva npdynari nokd Spop- ‘yovuixa | on Te ymids nod elva abedg 6 Elva xpynast xohd wns ivepas | ‘Ti dvoiaoépov nod sive ad- Elvan xpdrqians xohd tybta- ‘ plete action, eg. Oho va yapsyeo, Twant to fish, Both subjunctives are timeless, they can refer to the pre= sent, pastor future time and are used as follows. 128 Ussson 26 1_ After such verbs as O40 I wish, wnopd I can, mpénat it is necessary, tpyite I begin, woo dpéocr it pleases me or T Tike it, eg, Osho va ood jwhfjoo I want to speak to yous jumopete vi kanviorig you may smoke 2. After the words piv before, di until, Broyos, n, 0 ready Gpecrde, h, 6 sullicient, Toms pethaps: “Eyada” "EXAnvixa. piv vi nds czy "E2A@8q, | learned Greek before I went (0 Grevoe, Eljat Erowpios vic gbyo T am ready to go. “Toog vi ao avi Ekaba obras Tay go to Greece this year. 4 For deliberate questions: NOméo fy no Showld 0 or not? 4 Other meanings: the subjunctive is used sometimes by itself, eg. nOWe let us go, but is usually preceded by ve oF ds eg. va nape atpio Let us go tomorrow, rosie vi ela; Who can it be? st vil Kav, What am todo? vic Ris Zaps GA0 Go without fal fig ne Let us_g0. fi yy nau. Let us not go. [Note The negative used with the subjunctive is pi, priv not vi yuiw mag” do not go. ‘There is no infinitive in Greek, its place being taken by the subjunctive, "£20 vir niu. T want £0 go. 27 EIKOZTO EBAOMO MA@HMA Asbo Gnapaisncos, 9, 0 indispensable Spiorepa fon the left piorepbg, iyo Tet ‘vivooua, five, yivmea 1 become <8 yobors taste Bega fon the right Bebids, 4, 3 right evden, allright LESSON 27 129 38. éxetyov ypayna express leter Epyoucvos, 1, 0 ‘coming; next 38. pecnpepiavd’payned sdday meal epuoniives, 1, 0 last pw, épagw Tpass;_ spend erdEoo, recaytelce sun (imperative) et, netazo fly sdrop 26. Eapparoxopiaxo week-end! A, sboreon ors ads 7 sootnpeve ypénua registered letter 8 epvBpopeto post office 2. ebeypagsto {elegraph ofice 2 tmherpdene telegram 2. uhepdvnle telephone call apa, 7apnKe be glad, enjoy qavovjiay, 24070 get lost; bother mat Zoi Gaupdora, Zoh Ae pe merpater Kabohov. i, Ee Zo Tnyaive ord Eevodozeto pov, sos, ima py En Ka.M. Eivar Sekt i) dpiatepi Snms anyaivoupe npdg to aa Fi, AE me soe tt Zon Nai, pati eipacte. a mt SGT Lenn rena 130 tesson 27 Ka, M, ‘Qpata! Aoundv 10 épyduevo ZaBfazo +0 pdb édace va Pyotue watt Zoi Ae ys reaper, elze LaBaco etre Kuprax Ka.M. Eapipéco siva xodtrepa. Ot tapépes Exouve mo pOu. Zoi Grice, "E56 civan, och yaa. KaM. Tepiueve va oraparioo date Zai” Edyaptowd niga roAd. KaM. Tiora, Zon pov. Acidv x appro +0 pase gis agro fd 08 mepocupe wi 085 népoue Zoi Einpovor. Edzaprocd wai nin KaM. Mapaxait Tipayruxi Gannon I Na Byte ro macs pov; Nav td Pydas Na ofijoa 20 9s: Na 10 oPiioais Navotto 10 nupdbopo; Ne = dvolgexs Naw 80; Nii 2d Bate, Ni urd pow; Néc inet dou. 2 Znehors 1b hoyapiaows, Mav zdv Snejoete. Teviéee to Eo. Mily 2b needere Ew. Tlepdote vi nag népere, ——Milv aeplicete va pas xd ere, Zeethee 100 10, Mv 100 x6 oreitece Theypagriore 100. Mijy t03 «meypaohoere ‘Tyhspeviore zoo. Mi too rmiepovtice, fy 705 eMAEpoviioece Tpayre ens. Milv tis ypdpere. My sig ypayere Adore tors ro. May rots 28 divere, Mi robe 16 déooere, Poptare xo. ivy 6 gopare, Mv 2 gopéaere. Dovavefjore pas, MO ais eovavedce. Mi tic, cuvavrijoere. Mafite pio. Mi waivers néoa. My pnfie jou, Lesson 27-131 Byfiee Bo. Mi Braivece B60 Mi Price deo. Aéore <0 Mil t0 Pheer Mi re Bptoe 10. Mav 20 fpionece es May 18 fipete Tigote joo co. Mi yoo hte Mi oo 20 mee. 3 Tobxsre fn dyoptaes; "Ox, x9 Gyopdow aipto. Teed don ware “Of, 0418 nd po. Toigers fomapnees “Oye 08% dpriow abo, Toy Eee on Pooplost; “Oy, OU xOv 7wopto~ abpLe Thebes fn eoveveh, “Ope Ob eh owavrow cet “ipo. Tove izere ion net; “Ozss Hr 0d 10 26 aio, Flueney practice 1 Write the following sentences putting the verbs in their correct form: 8° xpéowxo (2nd person) (6) xaapi, Ni (uA) xadapd. (MepOv®) Has wide bépa. Na pits (enaeptovd) xe népa. (ypuoa) tov oUpvG Nd'to (rptown) ov, (4.8) tov £08. Nd x00 (yuh) Eo. GenPeqove) yas abpro x0 xpot. Na uc (rmegove) abo 2O'xpot, (p4gO) tov adpro. Na Tob (ypaBO) abpro. 1 Rp6aero (3rd person) Na jig (oxthvo) at Be wépa. Na ws (oréhve) Me aiya. No pod (9épva) Spnloplia Kibe wépa. NO uod (oépvo) ui Eonuspiba. N& (emyaive) repinato Kade Rpot. Na (anyaive) repinaco, 2 Make the following sentences negative Tinpdowe + ywapodve. Atapdate sig onneprvis Eonuepides Aoxidors uix0

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