Viv Quarry's pre-intermediate grammar practice

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Viv Quarry's pre-intermediate grammar practice (www.vivquarry.com)

Gerunds and infinitives
Student's name _________________________

Date ___________________

The gerund (verb in the present form + 'ing') is used:

1. After prepositions and adverbs.
2. After certain verbs.
3. As subject or object of a sentence.
The infinitive ('to' + the present form of the verb) is used:
1. After certain verbs.
2. After some verbs followed by an object (sb/sth).
3. After some certain adjectives.
4. To express purpose (Why did you buy that cloth? To clean the windows)
5. After questions words (how, where etc.) and compounds of 'some' and 'any' (somebody, nothing
etc.)
Infinitive without 'to' (present form of the verb) is used:
1. After modal and auxiliary verbs.
2. After 'make' and 'let'
GERUND
Prepositions and
adverbs.
after
before
for
in
on
Verbs
enjoy
finish
hate
like
prefer

Special cases
begin*
continue*
start*
stop**
try***

INFINITIVE
Verbs

Adjectives

agree
decide
hope
manage
refuse

be easy
be hard
be important
be impossible
be lovely
be pleased
be surprised
be unusual

Verb (+ object)*5
need (sb)
want (sb)
would like (sb.)
Verb + object
ask sb.
expected sb.
invite sb.
tell sb.
be starting*
stop**
try***
help sb.****

Question words
how
what
where
when
who
Compounds
anybody
everywhere
nothing
something

http://www.geocities.com/viv_quarry/wkshts/gerinfpre.html?200617

INFINITIVE
WITHOUT 'TO'
Modal and auxiliary
verbs
sth./sb. doesn't
Does sth./sb?
Doesn't sth./sb.?
sth./sb. didn't
Did sth./sb.?
Didn't sth./sb.?
can / can't
could / couldn't
will /won't
would / wouldn't
should / shouldn't
must / mustn't
may / may not
might / might not
Verbs
let sb.
make sb.
help sb.****

17/12/2006

Viv Quarry's pre-intermediate grammar practice

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Special Cases
*

Begin, continue and start

These verbs can be followed by both gerund and infinitive except in the present
continuous
form
where the infinitive must be used
It started raining.

or

It started to rain.
Look! It's starting to rain!
**

Stop
Stop + Gerund = Finish one action
She's angry with me and has stopped talking to me.
Stop + Infinitive = Stop one action and start another
I saw Jane and she stopped to talk to me. (she stopped walking and we started chatting)

***

Try
Try + Gerund = What you do to get what you want.
I wanted to improve my English so I tried having private classes.
Try + Infinitive = Your objective, what you want to do.
I tried to learn English but I didn't have enough time to study properly.

**** Help
Help + sb. can be followed by infinitive or infinitive without 'to'
He helped me tidy up the room.

or

He helped me to tidy up the room.

If there is no direct object (sb) then infinitive without 'to' is more natural.
He helped tidy up the room.
*5

Need, Want & Would like

These verbs can either be followed by an object pronoun (you, her, him etc.) or directly

by
the infinitive.
I'd like you to help me. or I'd like to help you.

http://www.geocities.com/viv_quarry/wkshts/gerinfpre.html?200617

17/12/2006