1G31

Sl. No. Load Case

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

DL
SIDL
Prestress
Temp rise
Temp Fall
Diff TR
Diff TF
Creep
Shrinkage
Centrifugal/Hunting
Braking/Traction
Settlement 1G31
Settlement 1G32
Wind on Structure
Wind Structure + LL
LL Max reaction
LL Max Long BM
LL Max Trans BM
Seismic Long
Seismic Trans
Collision Load

Ultimate Limit State

1
Maximum Axial Load Case
Load Combination

U1
U2a
U2b
U3a
U3b
U4
U5
Maximum Longitudinal BM Case
Load Combination
U1
U2a
U2b
U3a
U3b
U4
U5
Maximum Transverse BM Case
Load Combination
U1
U2a
U2b
U3a
U3b

HL

HT

ML

MT

P
(kN)
3188
233
242
-16
16
-49
49
9
14
31
-65
-235
200
19
48
1388
-108
525
62
29
-4

(kN)
-67
-7
-79
103
-103
3
-3
-59
-88
-18
-248
12
32
-23
-51
-13
-54
-37
204
66
-975

(kN)
-5
-1
-104
21
-21
19
-19
-12
-18
-131
-85
42
-24
-126
-199
0
-6
34
-64
-134
-1

(kNm)
268
28
585
-616
616
-40
40
354
526
-51
1398
-161
-38
16
55
103
279
98
1167
338
1365

(kNm)
-1557
0
404
103
-103
-115
115
-59
-88
-1395
-571
44
-131
-1206
-2126
16
2
-850
-505
-1232
-16

P
(kN)
7905
4958
7965
5026
7984
7986
4922

HL
(kN)
-799
-342
-863
22
-294
-957
-1572

HT
(kN)
-540
-365
-788
-265
-317
-594
-164

ML
(kNm)
4493
1935
4561
3777
4817
5462
3685

MT
(kNm)
-5334
-3859
-7992
-2738
-3025
-5357
-1950

P
(kN)
4392
4718
4453
4786
4472
4473
4682

HL
(kN)
-927
-380
-992
-16
-423
-1086
-1610

HT
(kN)
-525
-336
-774
-237
-303
-579
-135

ML
(kNm)
4922
1981
4991
3822
5247
5892
3731

MT
(kNm)
-5209
-3702
-7867
-2581
-2900
-5231
-1793

P
(kN)
6016
4437
6076
4974
6054

HL
(kN)
-853
-366
-917
-199
-520

HT
(kN)
-466
-286
-714
-376
-330

ML
(kNm)
4481
1788
4550
2451
3770

MT
(kNm)
-7228
-3649
-9886
-3900
-5827

U4
U5
Serviceability Limit State
1
Maximum Axial Load Case
Load Combination

S1
S2a
S2b
S3a
S3b
S4
Maximum Longitudinal BM Case
Load Combination
S1
S2a
S2b
S3a
S3b
S4
Maximum Transverse BM Case
Load Combination

S1
S2a
S2b
S3a
S3b
S4
Serviceability Limit State S1
Load Combination
S1 Long Term (Max Axial Load Case)
S1 Short Term (Max Axial Load Case)
S1 Long Term (Max Long Moment Case)
S1 Short Term (Max Long Moment Case)
S1 Long Term (Max Trans Moment Case)
S1 Short Term (Max Trans Moment Case)

5983
4922

-1004
-1572

-476
-164

5358
3685

-7515
-1950

P
(kN)
5421
3751
5134
3793
5149
5141

HL
(kN)
-577
-325
-632
-98
-234
-687

HT
(kN)
-401
-266
-554
-204
-247
-392

ML
(kNm)
3324
1782
3271
2933
3735
3864

MT
(kNm)
-3576
-2507
-5377
-1806
-2075
-3262

P
(kN)
3576
3751
3638
3793
3653
3566

HL
(kN)
-654
-325
-674
-98
-275
-723

HT
(kN)
-384
-266
-560
-204
-253
-368

ML
(kNm)
3555
1782
3447
2933
3911
3976

MT
(kNm)
-3461
-2507
-5391
-1806
-2090
-3460

P
(kN)
4471
3751
4270
3761
4253
4199

HL
(kN)
-604
-325
-657
-236
-397
-707

HT
(kN)
-363
-266
-520
-273
-282
-327

ML
(kNm)
3318
1782
3266
2105
2901
3795

MT
(kNm)
-4529
-2507
-6243
-2533
-3668
-4311

P
(kN)
3931
1490
3731
-156
3931
540

HL
(kN)
-270
-307
-302
-352
-270
-334

HT
(kN)
-164
-237
-140
-244
-164
-200

ML
(kNm)
1729
1595
1767
1788
1729
1589

MT
(kNm)
-1431
-2145
-1301
-2160
-1431
-3097

Torsion
kNm
-10
-1
-52
20
-20
11
-11
-11
-17
43
-38
7
-1
33
63
3
-11
27
37
-34
-4

Load Factors
ULS
1.25
2
0.87
1.5
1.5
1.15
1.15
1.2
1.2
1.75
1.75
1.2
1.2
1.6
1.25
2.1875
2.1875
2.1875
1.6
1.25
1.3

torsion
kNm
-82
-44
-4
-36
-77
-124
-101

964
500
1169
266
433
1126
1581

torsion
kNm
-105
-42
-27
-35
-100
-147
-100

1066
507
1258
237
520
1230
1616

torsion
kNm
-41
-34
38
-151
-125

971
464
1162
426
616

SLS
1
1.2
1
1
1
0.8
0.8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

S1

1.1
1.1

1.1
1.1
1.1

-58
-101

1111
1581

Pile
at Pier 2E4
Pilecap
Reactions

SLS

Number of piles in the group

N
Long. eccentricity of pier with pile group c.g.
Trans. eccentricity of pier with pile group c.g.

=
=
=

3 nos.
0.000 m
0.000 m

Pile Cap transverse dimension

Pile Cap Longitudinal dimension
Depth of Pile Cap
Pier transverse dimension
Pier longitudinal dimension
Depth of Soil over Pile Cap
Wt. of Pile Cap+Overburden soil

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

3.900
4.300
1.500
1.500
0.950
0.5
597.1

m
m
m
m
m
m
kN

Area =
Wt. of Pile cap =

12.87
482.625

Area
Soil wt.

1.425
114.45

Pile co-ordinates with respect to c.g. of pile group

Pile No.

Long.
Trans.
x (m)
y (m)
-1.73
1 0.00
0.87
2 1.50
0.87
3 -1.50

x2

y2

0.00
2.25
2.25
4.50

2.99
0.76
0.76
4.51

Pile Reactions under Ultimate Limit State Combinations

Load
Comb
U1.1-71
U1.1-11
U4.1-284
U4.1-254
U2b.1-71
U2a-1-2
U3a_1.1-1
U2b.1-71
U4.1-288
U5.1-2

P (kN)
7040
3568
3978
5243
6863
4020
4070
6863
5201
4005

HL (kN)

HT (kN)

551
-32
915
-710
589
73
235
589
915
-1501

-248
17
21
-62
-595
384
488
-595
-118
10

ML
(kNm)
4804
-845
6605
-5311
5051
1225
2116
5051
6766
-5041

MT
(kNm)
6993
345
447
1611
9713
-4629
3462
9713
824
442

ML
(kNm)
373
189
211
278
364
213
216
364
276
212

Pile 1
Pile 2
Pile 3
MT
Reaction Reaction Reaction
(kNm)
(kN)
(kN)
(kN)
373
-232
5743
2292
189
1233
1886
1197
211
1322
3974
-570
278
1271
4224
498
364
-1332
6287
2677
213
-270
3003
2044
216
194
3093
1538
364
-1332
6287
2677
276
1560
4542
-152
212
1333
3461
-41

Maximum pile reaction

Minimum pile reaction

1560
-1332

6287
1886

2677
-570

Pile Reactions under Serviceability Limit State Combinations

Load
Comb
F1-71
F1-11
F4-284
F4-254
F2b-71
F2a-2
F3b_130
F2b_71
F4-284
F4-254

P (kN)
4685
2817
3121
3701
4405
3130
3660
4405
3121
3701

HL (kN)

HT (kN)

411
-52
636
-509
428
67
153
428
636
-509

-148
13
17
-28
-411
245
331
-411
17
-28

ML
(kNm)
3485
-824
4664
-3854
3570
1020
1606
3570
4664
-3854

MT
(kNm)
4478
1095
1248
2060
8040
-3814
3627
8040
1248
2060

ML
(kNm)
248
149
165
196
233
166
194
233
165
196

Pile 1
Pile 2
Pile 3
MT
Reaction Reaction Reaction
(kNm)
(kN)
(kN)
(kN)
248
-54
3918
1429
149
660
1703
1054
165
697
3122
-98
196
567
3218
518
233
-1509
4532
1997
166
-285
2406
1615
194
-48
2757
1557
233
-1509
4532
1997
165
697
3122
-98
196
567
3218
518

Maximum pile reaction (normal)

Minimum pile reaction (normal)
Maximum pile reaction (wind/seismic)
Minimum pile reaction (wind/seismic)

697
-54
-48
-1509

3918
1703
4532
2406

1429
-98
1997
1557

Pile Reactions under S1 Combinations

Load
Comb
F1-71
F1-11
F1-41
F1-11
F1-71
F1-4
F1-12
F1-71
F1-41
F1-11

P (kN)
4685
2817
3166
3507
4685
2909
3259
4389
3166
3507

HL (kN)

HT (kN)

411
-52
422
-282
411
114
180
366
422
-282

-158
13
15
-51
-148
16
37
-164
15
-51

ML
(kNm)
3485
-824
3274
-2327
3485
1341
1707
3235
3274
-2327

MT
(kNm)
4478
1095
1548
2226
4478
949
1248
4266
1548
2226

ML
(kNm)
248
149
168
186
248
154
173
233
168
186

Pile 1
Pile 2
Pile 3
MT
Reaction Reaction Reaction
(kNm)
(kN)
(kN)
(kN)
248
-253
3718
1230
149
461
1504
855
168
397
2534
239
186
243
2472
797
248
-253
3718
1230
154
546
1681
684
173
541
1987
734
233
-264
3487
1176
168
397
2534
239
186
243
2472
797

Maximum pile reaction

Minimum pile reaction

546
-264

3718
1504

1230
239

Pile
at Pier 2E4
Pilecap
Reactions

SLS

Number of piles in the group

N
Long. eccentricity of pier with pile group c.g.
Trans. eccentricity of pier with pile group c.g.
Pile Cap transverse dimension
Pile Cap Longitudinal dimension
Depth of Pile Cap
Pier transverse dimension
Pier longitudinal dimension
Depth of Soil over Pile Cap
Wt. of Pile Cap+Overburden soil

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

3
0.000
0.000
3.900
4.300
1.500
1.500
0.950
0.50
597.075

nos.
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
kN

Area=
Wt of Pile cap =

Area
Soil wt.

12.87
482.625

1.425
114.45

Pile co-ordinates with respect to c.g. of pile group

Pile No.

Long.
Trans.
x (m)
y (m)
-1.73
1 0.00
0.87
2 1.50
0.87
3 -1.50

x2

y2

0.00
2.25
2.25
4.50

2.99
0.76
0.76
4.51

Pile Reactions under Ultimate Limit State Combinations

Load
Comb
U1.1-71
U1.1-11
U4.1-284
U4.1-254
U2b.1-71
U2a-1-2
U3a_1.1-1
U2b.1-71
U4.1-288
U5.1-2

P (kN)
7040
3568
3978
5243
6863
4020
4070
6863
5201
4005

HL (kN)

HT (kN)

551
-32
915
-710
589
73
235
589
915
-1501

-248
17
21
-62
-595
384
488
-595
-118
10

ML
(kNm)
4804
-845
6605
-5311
5051
1225
2116
5051
6766
-5041

MT
(kNm)
6993
345
447
1611
9713
-4629
3462
9713
824
442

ML
(kNm)
373
189
211
278
364
213
216
364
276
212

Pile 1
Pile 2
Pile 3
MT
Reaction Reaction Reaction
(kNm)
(kN)
(kN)
(kN)
-373
5423
2899
-552
-189
1643
1680
990
-211
1827
3720
-824
-278
2722
3495
-231
-364
6405
2396
-1214
-213
3448
1133
175
-216
3017
1673
118
-364
6405
2396
-1214
-276
2405
4117
-577
-212
1835
3209
-294

Maximum pile reaction

Minimum pile reaction

6405
1643

4117
1133

990
-1214

Pile Reactions under Serviceability Limit State Combinations

Load
Comb
F1-71
F1-11
F4-284
F4-254
F2b-71
F2a-2
F3b_130
F2b_71
F4-284
F4-254

P (kN)
4685
2817
3121
3701
4405
3130
3660
4405
3121
3701

HL (kN)

HT (kN)

411
-52
636
-509
428
67
153
428
636
-509

-148
13
17
-28
-411
245
331
-411
17
-28

ML
(kNm)
3485
-824
4664
-3854
3570
1020
1606
3570
4664
-3854

MT
(kNm)
4478
1095
1248
2060
8040
-3814
3627
8040
1248
2060

ML
(kNm)
248
149
165
196
233
166
194
233
165
196

Pile 1
Pile 2
Pile 3
MT
Reaction Reaction Reaction
(kNm)
(kN)
(kN)
(kN)
-248
3575
2093
-396
-149
1616
1222
573
-165
1782
2576
-643
-196
2299
2347
-353
-233
4843
1338
-1198
-166
2770
869
79
-194
2886
1281
81
-233
4843
1338
-1198
-165
1782
2576
-643
-196
2299
2347
-353

Maximum pile reaction (normal)

Minimum pile reaction (normal)
Maximum pile reaction (wind/seismic)
Minimum pile reaction (wind/seismic)

3575
1616
4843
2770

2576
1222
1338
869

573
-643
81
-1198

Pile Reactions under S1 Combinations

Load
Comb
F1-71
F1-11
F1-41
F1-11
F1-71
F1-4
F1-12
F1-71
F1-41
F1-11

P (kN)
4685
2817
3166
3507
4685
2909
3259
4389
3166
3507

HL (kN)

HT (kN)

411
-52
422
-282
411
114
180
366
422
-282

-158
13
15
-51
-148
16
37
-164
15
-51

ML
(kNm)
3485
-824
3274
-2327
3485
1341
1707
3235
3274
-2327

MT
(kNm)
4478
1095
1548
2226
4478
949
1248
4266
1548
2226

ML
(kNm)
248
149
168
186
248
154
173
233
168
186

Pile 1
Pile 2
Pile 3
MT
Reaction Reaction Reaction
(kNm)
(kN)
(kN)
(kN)
-248
3376
1894
-595
-149
1417
1023
374
-168
1714
1871
-423
-186
2095
1541
-134
-248
3376
1894
-595
-154
1393
1255
258
-173
1632
1439
185
-233
3190
1750
-561
-168
1714
1871
-423
-186
2095
1541
-134

Maximum pile reaction

Minimum pile reaction

3376
1393

1894
1023

374
-595
6

Design of pile
Diameter of pile

1000 mm

Clear cover to the outermost reinforcement

D
Cnom

75 mm

Diameter of stirrup

16 mm

Diameter of main reinforcement

Number of main reinforcement bars

=
=

32 mm
18 nos.

Characteristic compressive strength of concrete

fck

35 MPa

Characteristic yield strength of steel

fy

500 MPa

Characteristic yield strength of stirrups

fyv

415 MPa

Material factor for concrete

Effective cover to the reinforcement
Ratio
d'/D
Radius to longitudinal reinforcement
Effective depth for shear

=
=
=
=
=

1.25
107 mm
0.11
393 mm
736 mm

d'
r
d

D/2 + 0.6 r

Gross concrete sectional area

Ag

785398 mm2

Shear Area

Av

565487 mm2

Area of steel provided

As

14476 mm2

0.4 %

3142 mm2

Minimum reinforcement in pile

Maximum axial load on pile

Pumax

3209 kN

Minimum axial load on pile

Pumin

-294 kN

Resultant BM in pile

Mu

1330 kNm

Ultimate resultant shear force

Vu

Check for flexural reinforcement

Pumax/fckD2
=
3
Mu/fckD
=
p/fck

Maximum axial load case

461.22 kN

Minimum axial load case

0.092

0.000

0.038

0.038

=
=

0.015
0.525 %

0.03
1.05 %

4123 mm2

8247 mm2

Additional Steel for tension

0 mm2

676 mm2

Total Area of steel required

p
Ast

4123 mm

Safe

8923 mm2

Shear Stress on the section

vu

0.816 MPa

% of longitudinal r/f

100*As/Av

1.280 %

Ultimate shear stress in concrete

vc

0.767 MPa

Depth factor
Axial load factor

=
=

0.908
0.981

Ultimate shear Capacity of concrete

Shear reinforcement is required

Vc

386.5 kN

Area spacing ratio

Asv/sv

1.13 mm2/mm

Provided spacing of stirrups

sv

100 mm

Area of stirrups required

Asv

113 mm2

0.4*bsv/0.87fyv

85 mm2
402 mm2

OK

Safe

Check for Shear

Minimum reinforcement
Provided area

Asv

OK

Design of pile
Diameter of pile

1000 mm

Clear cover to the outermost reinforcement

D
Cnom

75 mm

Diameter of stirrup

12 mm

Diameter of main reinforcement

Number of main reinforcement bars

=
=

25 mm
16 nos.

Characteristic compressive strength of concrete

fck

35 MPa

Characteristic yield strength of steel

fy

500 MPa

Characteristic yield strength of stirrups

fyv

415 MPa

Material factor for concrete

Effective cover to the reinforcement
Ratio
d'/D
Radius to longitudinal reinforcement
Effective depth for shear

=
=
=
=
=

1.25
99.5 mm
0.10
400.5 mm
740 mm

d'
r
d

D/2 + 0.6 r

Gross concrete sectional area

Ag

785398 mm2

Shear Area

Av

565487 mm2

Area of steel provided

As

7854 mm2

0.4 %

3142 mm2

Minimum reinforcement in pile

Maximum axial load on pile

Pumax

7256 kN

Minimum axial load on pile

Pumin

-1375 kN

Resultant BM in pile

Mu

356.94 kNm

Ultimate resultant shear force

Vu

70.23 kN

Check for flexural reinforcement

Pumax/fckD2
=
3
Mu/fckD
=
p/fck

Maximum axial load case

Minimum axial load case

0.207

0.000

0.010

0.010

=
=

0.011
0.385 %

0.01
0.35 %

3024 mm2

2749 mm2

Additional Steel for tension

0 mm2

3161 mm2

Total Area of steel required

p
Ast

3024 mm

Safe

5910 mm2

Shear Stress on the section

vu

0.124 MPa

% of longitudinal r/f

100*As/Av

0.694 %

Ultimate shear stress in concrete

vc

0.626 MPa

Depth factor
Axial load factor

=
=

0.907
0.912

Ultimate shear Capacity of concrete

Shear reinforcement is not required

Vc

292.7 kN

Area spacing ratio

Asv/sv

0.01 mm2/mm

Provided spacing of stirrups

sv

200 mm

Area of stirrups required

Asv

3 mm2

0.4*bsv/0.87fyv

169 mm2
226 mm2

OK

Safe

Check for Shear

Minimum reinforcement
Provided area

Asv

OK

Design of Pile Cap - ULS

The
Thickness of pile cap
ultimate
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete
moment
capacity
Characteristic yield strength of steel
of the
Characteristic
yield strength of stirrups
section
is
calculate
Clear cover to reinforcement
d
Check for Flexure - Transverse Direction
consideri
Maximum Axial Load on Piles, P
ng the
Distance
section tofrom face of pier
Moment
be under-at face of the pier
Width of the pile cap resisting moment
reinforce
d.
Ultimate Capacity

Mu

=
=

35 MPa

fy

500 MPa

fyv

=
=

415 MPa
75 mm

=
=
=
=

Mu

6405
0.980
6276.9
2.835

kN
m
kNm
m

0.87 fy Ast z

Ast
Assume
Y 32
@ 150 mm c/c
The
ultimate
Effective depth at critical section
d
moment
1.1 f y As
capacity
z = 1
d <= 0.95 d
of the
f ck bd
section is
Mu
calculate
Moment capacity
=0.87x500x5362x2.835x1293/10^6
d
Check for Flexure - Longitudinal Direction
consideri
Maximum Axial Load on Pile , P
ng the
Distancetofrom face of pier to pile
section
Moment
be under-at face of the pier
Width of the pile cap resisting moment
reinforce
d.
Ultimate Capacity

1.500 m

fck

=
=

5362 mm2/m
1377 mm

1293 mm

8548 kNm

=
=
=
=

6287
0.975
6129.825
3.597

0.87 fy Ast z
Ast

Assume
Y 32
@ 150 mm c/c
Effective depth at critical section

z=

=
=

1.1 f y As
d
f ck bd

<= 0.95 d

Mu
Moment capacity
=0.87x500x5362x3.597x1325/10^6
Check for Minimum Reinforcement
Shear
Minimum reinforcement in pile cap
=
0.2 % bd
reinforce
Check
ment is for Shear - Transverse Direction
Maximum shear force
V
provided
Shear
v=V/bd
as
per stress at critical section
IRS
p =100 Ast / b d
Percentage
of reinforcement provided
CBC.
vc = 0.27 p(1/3) fck(1/3) / 1.25
Ultimate shear stress in concrete
This
shear
Depth factor
s = (500 / d)0.25
reinforce
Shear capacity of section
= s vc
ment is
Distance
from
critical
section
to
load
a
= 980 - 500 + 200
v
provided
over
a
= 2 d / av
Enhancement factor
strip
Enhanced
shear
strength
=
(4.05x0.4x+0.4x(2835-))/(2835)
between
the pile
Hence
and
theshear reinforcement is required
pier face.
Area of shear reinforcement required

Nos. of
Y 16
stirrups required
Check for Punching Shear - Pile
Ultimate Shear force on pile
Effective depth (average)
Effective perimeter
Shear stress
Percentage of reinforcement (average)
Ultimate shear stress in concrete

11114 kNm

2818 mm /m

=
=

5423 kN
1.39 MPa

0.389 %

0.516 MPa

=
=

0.776
0.401 MPa

4.050

0.831 MPa

=
=

7370 mm2
37 nos.

=
=

5743 kN
1.13 MPa

0.381 %

0.512 MPa

=
=

0.772
0.395 MPa
4.175

0.744 MPa

=
=

7666 mm2
39 nos.

=(0.4+1.13-0.74)x975x3597/(0.87x415)

=
=
=
=
=

=5743x1000/(2393x1393)
vc = 0.27 p(1/3) fck(1/3) / 1.25

P
d

5743
1393
2393
1.72
0.385

kN
mm
mm
MPa

0.514 MPa

=
=
=
=

0.774
0.398 MPa
5.9
2.338 MPa

=
=
=
=
=
=

1.500
0.950
7040
1393
4900
1.03

4.437 MPa

=
=

4070 kN
1393 mm

=4070x1000/6778299
R
W
T

=
=
=
=

=6000-164.6-0

5835.4 kN

Shear area

=(1500+950)x1393

3412850 mm2

1.710 MPa

1.436 MPa

1.535 MPa

Tensile strength of concrete

=( p a /2 ) + ( p a /2 ) +( v jv )
= 0.29 f'c = 0.29 (0.8 fck)0.5

OK

6778299 mm2

pa
Average comp stress
Uplift Reaction on pile
Self weight of pile cap
Tensile force in pier reinforcement
Vjv
Vertical joint shear

=5835.4x1000/3412850

OK

m
m
kN
mm
mm
MPa

Average principal tensile stress

OK

675 mm

=(1500+1393)x(950+1393)

vjv

OK

680 mm

Depth factor
s = (500 / d)0.25
Shear capacity of section
= s vc
Enhancement factor
=2x1393/474
Enhanced shear strength
=5.87763713080169x0.398
Check for Punching Shear - Pier
Width of the pier (transverse direction)
Thickness of the pier (longitudinal direction)
Maximum Reaction on pier
Effective depth (average)
Effective Perimeter
= 2x(1500+950)
Shear stress
=7040x1000/(4900x1393)
= 0.75 x fck 0.5
Allowable shear Stress
Check for Joint Shear
Axial load on column
Effective depth (average)
Effective area under compression, Aeff

1325 mm

=(0.4+5423-0.831)x6405000x2835/(0.87x415)

the pile
Hence
and
theshear reinforcement is required
pier face.
Area of shear reinforcement required

5362 mm2/m
1409 mm

Shear
Nos. of
Y 16
stirrups required
reinforce
Checkis for Shear - Longitudinal Direction
ment
Maximum
shear
force
V
provided
Shear
v=V/bd
as
per stress at critical section
IRS
p =100 Ast / b d
Percentage of reinforcement provided
CBC.
vc = 0.27 p(1/3) fck(1/3) / 1.25
Ultimate shear stress in concrete
This
shear
Depth factor
s = (500 / d)0.25
reinforce
Shear capacity of section
= s vc
ment is
Distance from critical section to load av
provided
over a
= 2 d / av
Enhancement
factor
strip
Enhanced shear strength
= (4.17x0.4x+0.4x(3597-1000))/(3597)
between

Vertical joint shear stress

OK

kN
m
kNm
m

0.600
0
164.6
6000

MPa
kN
kN
kN

OK

Design Surface Crack Width

Crack width

3 acr m
1+2 ( a crCnom )

( hd c )
where
Cnom

min cover to the tension steel

acr

distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest

longitudinal bar

calculated strain at the level where cracking is being considered

calculated allowing for the stiffening effect of the concrete in the
tension zone and is given by

=
where
bt

=
=

a'

3 . 8 bt h ( a 'd c )
s A s ( hdc )

10 9

][ ]
Mq
1
Mg

width of the section at the centroid of the tension steel

distance from the compression face to the point at which the
crack width is being calculated
overall depth of the member

h
1

=
=

calculated strain at the level where cracking is being considered,

ignoring the stiffening effect of the concrete in the tension zone

Mg

moment at section considered due to permanent loads

Mq

moment at section considered due to live loads

As

area of tension reinforcement

Crack width calculation

fck
fy
= 280 / fck
m
Cnom

=
=

Transverse
35 MPa
500 MPa

Longitudinal
35 MPa
500 MPa

=
=
=

Dia of bar
c/c spacing of bars
bt

75 mm
32 mm
150 mm

107 mm
32 mm
150 mm

1000 mm

1000 mm

Mg

6.48E+08 N-mm

5.60E+08 N-mm

Mq

5.19E+08 N-mm

4.48E+08 N-mm

As

Es

2.00E+05 N/mm2

2.00E+05 N/mm2

Ec

=
=
=

2.95E+04 N/mm2
1500 mm
1409 mm

2.95E+04 N/mm2
1500 mm
1377 mm

h
d
acr

pt

= As/bd

m pt

= As/bd*m

k
dc

Ecr
Icr
fst
fc

5362 mm

5362 mm2

102 mm

128 mm

0.004

0.004

0.030

0.031

= [ 2 pt m+( pt m ) ][ p t m] =

0.218

0.220

= kxd
= 0.5*Ec
= btdc3/3+Asm(d - dc)2

303 mm

1.48E+04 N/mm

6.17E+10 mm4

5.87E+10 mm4

166.593 MPa

147.355 MPa

5.811 MPa

5.207 MPa

= m M (d-dc)/Icr
= Mdc/Icr

307 mm

1.48E+04 N/mm2

=(h-dc)/(d-dc)*(fst/Es)

0.0009018

0.00082

1 (d - dc)/(h - dc)

0.0008330

0.00074

Design surface crack width

0.00065
Section cracked
0.189 mm

0.00053
Section cracked
0.198 mm

< 0.2mm

OK

< 0.2mm

OK

Geotechnical Capacity of Piles Socketed into Hard Rock

The geotechnical capacity of pile socketed into hard rock and passing through any stratum is
calculated as per Notification No 54 and Appendix - 5 of IRC:78-2000.
Ultimate Capcity of pile socket into rock is estimated as
Qu
Re + Raf
Ksp*qc*df*Ab + As*Cus
=
=
where
Re

Ultimate end Bearing

Raf

Ultimate side socket shear

Ksp

Empirical coefficient whose value ranges from 0.3 to 1.2

qc

Average unconfined compressive strength of rock in MPa

Ab

Cross sectional area of base of pile

df

Depth factor = 1+ 0.4*(socket length / diameter) < 1.2

As

Surface area of socket

Cus

Ultimate shear strength along socket length

= 0.225qc

The soil stratum for the pile capacity calculation has been idealised as below
Existing
Level, m CR, % RQD, % qc, MPa
Ground
Level

0.00

Soft/We
athered
Rock
Level

3.80

55

66

25.9

Hard
Rock
Level

7.50

89

84

65.4

For the calculation of axial load capacity of piles the skin friction due to filled up material and soil up
to the soft/weathered rock level is neglected.
Calculation of Ultimate End Bearing Capacity
Diameter of pile
Socket length in hard rock

=
=

0.80 m
0.80 m

C/s area of pile base

Ab

0.503 m2

Depth factor

df

=
=

Hence
(CR + RQD)/2
=(89 + 84) / 2
Ksp
Empirical coefficient

df

=
=

Ultimate end Bearing

Maximum end bearing is limited to
Hence ultimate end bearing capacity

1 + 0.4*(0.80 / 0.80)
1.4
>
1.2
1.2
86.5 %

0.3 + (1.2 - 0.3) / (100 - 30)*(86.50 - 30)

=
1.026
Re
=
1.026 * 65400 * 1.20 * 0.503

2000 kN/m2
Re

Calculation of Ultimate Side Socket Shear Resistance

As1
Surface area of socket in soft rock

40490.9 kN

1005 kN

1005 kN

9.299 m2

forBreccia

Cus1

Ultimate shear strength in soft rock

=
<=

1.15 MPa
0.25 MPa

Ultimate side socket shear in soft rock

Raf1

2325 kN

Surface area of socket in hard rock

As2

2.011 m2

Ultimate shear strength in soft rock

Cus2

=
<=

1.82 MPa
0.25 MPa
503 kN

Ultimate side socket shear in soft rock

Raf2

Total ultimate side socket shear

Raf

=
=

Qu

Ultimate capacity of pile

Re + Raf

for Breccia

for Breccia

Raf1 + Raf2
2827 kN

3833 kN

Calculation Of Ultimate Uplift Capacity

Ultimate uplift capacity of pile is calculated by applying a reduction factor of 0.7 on side socket
shear resistance for piles socketed into the rock. The socket length is measured from 1.0 m depth
to actual depth of socket into the rock.
Diameter Of Pile
Socket Length In Soft Rock for uplift

=
=

0.80 m
2.70 m

Ultimate Shear Strength

Cus1

0.25 MPa

Surface area of socket in hard rock

As1

6.79 m2

Ultimate Shear Strength

Cus2

0.25 MPa

As2
Surface area of socket in hard rock
Uplift capacity of pile
Considering only 50% of the uplift capacity conservatively

=
=
=

2.01 m2
1539 kN
769.69 kN

Socket Length Calculation:

For the Socketed pile, the socket length in the rock may be calculated from following equation:

LS =
where,
Ls
H
M
D

=
=
=
=
=
=

Socket Length

LS

2H
4 H2
6M
+
+
2
1 D
1 D
2 D
1

Socket length
Horizontal force at top of the socket
=
300 kN
Moment at the top of the socket
=
250 kN.m
Diameter of the Pile
=
0.80 m
Permissible compressive strength in rock which is lesser
of 3 MPa or 0.33 qc
3 Mpa
1.08 m

298.3 66.28889

8.315

2585
969
1822
1703
2585
1121
1341
2422
1822
1703

389
397
-203
225
389
242
235
382
-203
225

1.65
1,4

1.65
2,3

max

551
-32
915
-710
589
73
235
589
915
-1501

-248
17
21
-62
-595
384
488
-595
-118
10

604.2392
36.23534
915.241
712.7019
837.2252
390.8772
541.6355
837.2252
922.5774
1501.033
1501.033

673.521
309.5012
366.8108
436.874
673.521
308.7465
356.9392
635.2062
366.8108
436.874
673.521

4.047

2974
1366
1619
1929
2974
1363
1576
2804
1619
1929
2974