An EPP Analysis of Pasig River

(GROUP 5) IBARRA, KINTANAR, PEREN, SEE, VINUYA

Ecological Factors

Length: 19 km

Upstream: West of Laguna de Bay

Downstream: East of Manila Bay

Coverage: Manila, Mandaluyong,

Makati, Pasig, and Taytay, Rizal

Ecosystem Type: River and Tidal Estuary

Tributaries: 4 major & 43 minor

Sub-basins: 6
Esteros: 19 (these creeks directly discharge
into the river)

Societal Factors
Post-WW2
Restoration

Urbanization of
Metro Manila

Rapid
industrialization

Influx of population

Lack of regulations
and monitoring
regarding river use

Individual Factors
Lack of knowledge about river preservation

Belief that it is acceptable to exploit the Pasig River for human needs
(food, water) and activities (cleaning, excreting waste)

Lack of socio-economic opportunities elsewhere (space to live, jobs)

Belief that river management is governments liability

Infrastructure
Ferry service
(Manila <-> Pasig)
Housing of informal
settlers
Bridges that
connect cities
Factories that dump
their waste to the river

Action
Informal
settlement
area

Untamed
urban
jungle

Conversion of
Pasig River into
the following

Sewage

Industrial
effluents
depot

Backyard
garbage
bin

Intake/Output

Waste disposal in Pasig River

River flow diversion
Manggahan Floodway

River dredging

Increase in river pollution and

contamination of Pasig River
Physical change to the river

Change
Increase of harmful substances in
water
Increase in pollution

Decrease of dissolved oxygen in the

river
Decrease in marine life

Ecological Impacts
Increase in harmful bacteria
Bacteria (ex. Ecoli)
Viruses
Protozoa

Fish kill
due to lack of dissolved oxygen in the
water

Overall damage to water quality in the

Pasig River
Polluting of other bodies of water, Laguna
de Bay

Societal Impact

Increase of harmful substances in water

detrimental to health when consumed
cannot be used for cleaning
breeding place of disease-carrying organisms (e.g.
dengue mosquitoes)

High water level due to accumulation of soil and climate

change
weakens the foundation of houses built right
beside the river

Lack of dissolved oxygen in the river

absence of food source which contributes to
hunger issues

Heavily polluted water

caused air pollution due to different chemicals
from wastes
increased temperature that results to worse
living conditions for the residents nearby

Problem
Social
Issues

Political
Issues

Exposure to
disease

Complacency
of law-breaking
citizens

Flooding

Lack of
discipline (i.e.
into the river)

Economic
Issues
Inability to
produce
marketable
goods

Target

Pasig River Environmental

Management and
Rehabilitation Sector
Development Program

improved environmental management of

the Pasig River basin within Metro
Manila particularly for wastewater
management

promotion of urban regeneration and

renewal in the vicinity of the Pasig River

Bring back water quality

Kapit Bisig para sa Ilog Pasig

Relocation

Measure

Pasig River Environmental Management

and Rehabilitation Sector Development
Program
total BOD or Biological Oxygen
Demand should be less than its
maximum assimilative capacity
Number of families benefitting from
the infrastructure changes

Kapit Bisig para sa Ilog Pasig

Physio-chemical, Heavy Metals,
Bacteriological
Number of families relocated