ASSIGNMENT 3

FAADE ENGINEERING

49115

QUESTION-1

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

28/09/y

ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

49115

QUESTION-2
Good practice dictates that professional should design enough leeway into detail to
allow acceptable tolerances.
Tolerances are the maximum permissible deviation, which in the construction is
around +/- 25mm. But, in the faade installation the glazing unit are so accurate that
there is tolerance of only 2-3 mm. So accommodate these tolerances are important for
the proper functioning of structure and curtain wall as a whole unit.
In order to accommodate these tolerances we have to calculate, check the correct
value and verify wether possible to install the faade without any failure.
The bracket and fixing along with channel cast-in concrete are the major component
in faade installation and used for accommodating the erection tolerances.
Bracket and fixing are used to attach the curtain walls to the supporting structure and
transfer the horizontal and vertical forces to the structure without any failure. Support
bracket is responsible for vertical tolerances where as restraint connection limits the
horizontal force on curtain wall.
All brackets provide adjustment in three directions to overcome dimensional
variation.
Halfen channel is in-caste concrete channel and the fastening system is fixed with bolts
to this component that is almost totally submerged by the concrete of the floor slab
and moreover allows the horizontal in-plane tolerances control of the faade.

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

28/09/y

ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

49115

Support bracket has to resist against every loads that the faade is subjected to, from
its self-weight and variable loads until the horizontal wind and seismic loads.
Consequently its verification is the most important one in the fastening system
analysis. Furthermore, its slotted holes, it allows the horizontal out-of-plane tolerances
control of the faade. It must be adjusted to correct any misalignment within 2mm limit.
The packers can be used for the installation of the faade bracket for the correct placement where the
built slab is lower than designed slab.
The vertical channel in the fastening system directly attached to the mullion in the
faade. It allows the vertical tolerances control of each unit, through the fastening or the loosening of
the vertical screw that passes in it and acts on the hook component.
The permissible limit of movements and tolerances present at time of construction is
checked and treated by adjusting bracket and channel to correct any misalignment.
The vertical joints must accommodate the horizontal movement whereas vertical
movement must be counter by the horizontal joints.
Sometimes greater or smaller manufacturing tolerance are requires, the specification
of each and every member are clearly stated on the specification order. There also
provision to accept the unit under the permissible tolerance for installation purpose.
As Faade consultant, the accommodation of tolerance is good and save money but
we have to sure about doing work, the predicted consequences and the cost related
responsibilities are clearly defined before fixing these type of work.
The figure below show how bracket accommodate movement.

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

28/09/y

ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

49115

QUESTION-3
QUESTION-3
The base structure will continue to undergo displacement during the life of the
building due to variation in live load and of the concrete structural elements.

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

28/09/y

ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

49115

Curtain wall system looks simpler to the laymen but it is more complex thing to
install. For achieving structural adequacy, which is prime motive in the construction
industry, it has to be accommodating all the movements due to loads acting on
building and thermal effects. Because structural failure may jeopardize human life, the
structural integrity of the wall may be said to be the primary concern in its design.
Long-term movement in the building, which our faade needs to accommodate:

ACCORDING TO NSSS:
Maximum Permissible horizontal Deflection= Span/250

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

28/09/y

ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

49115

VERTICAL DEFLECTION

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

28/09/y

ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

49115

VERTICAL DEFLECTIONMAXIMUM DEFLECTION = 25 mm

MAXIMUM COLUMNN SHOERTENING = 2.2mm
LIVE LOAD= 5mm
Dead Load= 4mm
Above are the maximum and provided values; these are the permissible deflection
which our bracket and joints need to counter.

THERMAL EFFECTS
Temperature creates two kinds of problems due to solar heat in curtain wall design
that is the expansion and contraction of materials and the necessity to control the
passage of heat through the wall.
Thermal movement of cladding due to temperature fluctuation= +3.8mm/-3mm.

MAXIMUM OPENING AND CLOSING MOVEMENT = -/+ 32 mm.

A most important consideration in designing aluminum curtain wall is necessary to

ample provision for movement. No building is a static thing, and this goes double for
metal curtain wall. Movement is constantly taking place, such as movement within the
wall components themselves, relative movement between the components, and
relative movement between the wall and building frame to which it is attached. These
movements are caused not only by temperature changes, but by wind action, by
gravity forces and by deformations or displacements in the building frame. To
SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA
Student Id: 12174710

28/09/y

ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

49115

disregard such movements in designing the wall is an urgent invitation to trouble.

QUESTION-4
DESIGN FOR GLASS:

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

28/09/y

ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

49115

28/09/y

ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

49115

28/09/y

1
0

ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

49115

DESIGN FOR MULLION

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

28/09/y

1
1

ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

49115

Male Mullion

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

28/09/y

1
2

ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

49115

FEMALE MULLION

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

28/09/y

1
3

ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

49115

28/09/y

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ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

49115

28/09/y

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ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

49115

28/09/y

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ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

49115

28/09/y

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ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

49115

28/09/y

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ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

49115

28/09/y

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ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

49115

QUESTION 5
DOCUMENT YOUR DESIGN

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

28/09/y

2
0

ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

49115

28/09/y

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ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

49115

28/09/y

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ASSIGNMENT 3
FAADE ENGINEERING

SHASHANK SHEKHAR MISHRA

Student Id: 12174710

49115

28/09/y

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