Know all about technology of waste water treatment and how to

use them
From childhood we one is taught that water should never be wasted. Being one of the most
prized possession and gift of nature to man, this is to be conserved by every ounce.
However, there are times when so much water is actually wasted by using only.
However, with growing population and increasing global complexities, waste water
management has become quite important. In this world where sustainable development is
the keyword, technology of waste water treatment is most important means of conserving
this gift. Thus, with the present technologies present, one should always look forward to
upcoming technologies that are to bring about a change in conservation means.
Present technologies available:

Sewage treatment plants:

In this case, mostly domestic sewage is treated. Here, the soil biotechnology systems
are generally kept in stone masons, soil bunds which prevent their further flow.
Starting with an under drain base, there are bio indicator and media housing culture
plants. Initially water is made to pass through the additive layer and then through
the media.
Depending on water quality, this process can be single staged or multi staged and for
further polishing, recirculation can be also done. Being a batch process, waste water
is first pumped into top surface of bioreactor. After collecting raw sewage into a tank,
this sewage is pumped on the bioreactor from where it percolates via a geological
media. For collecting sewage and recycled water, separate pipes are provided. Also,
the raw elements can be combined with organic wastes to form useful manure.

Industrial effluent treatment plant:

This technology of waste water treatment is generally used for factories where
waste is of a different kind. Since, water from factories are released into rivers,
ponds and other open water areas, hence it needs special treatment. This is used to
turn unhealthy and impure water into pure and treated water.

This can be used for municipal, industrial as well as domestic purposes and is most
effective for treating recalcitrant molecules which cannot be treated by general
processes. Water polishing is also done in this method, especially water with low
BOD content is difficult to polish. There are also other things which have to be
removed such as oil, grease, tackle the pH content of water, organic and inorganic
wastes.

Grey water recycling technique:

This is collection of water that is collected without any faecal matter. Generally
water from showers, taps, and basins are included in it. Since it is mostly devoid of
pathogens, it can be kept at home and then used after it has completed
sedimentation. Or living walls or wetlands can be constructed as biological systems
to separate sludge from water. This is an upcoming technique in India and will be
made popular in some more time.

Zero liquid discharge:

This is the most important wastewater treatment technology of waste water
treatment. Here, no effluent is left over and wastewater that is produced is recycled
again. In this case, pre treatment and evaporation of industrial effluents is done
unless dissolved solids turn into crystals. Once, again this process is not much in use
in our country but will be made available very soon with development work being
going on.

How to care for water:

Construction of technology of waste water treatment is quite a long drawn process.
Though it is of primary importance, but first lake and river waters must be restored and it
has to be made sure that water released from various sources should be cleaned and
treated to save our mother nature.