COMPARE AND CONTRAST BETWEEN FIRST AND SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

Similarities

Universal grammar may influence learning.

There are predictable stages, and particular structures are acquired in a set order.

Individuals may move more slowly or quickly through these stages, but they cannot skip
ahead.
Making errors is a part of learning. Learners need to make and test hypotheses about

language to build an internal representation of the language

The learner uses context clues, prior knowledge, and interaction to comprehend

language.
Age is an important variable affecting proficiency.
learners can often comprehend more complex language than they are able to produce. In

the initial stages of learning, learners go through a silent period.

A learner's proficiency can vary across situations.
Learners may over generalize vocabulary or rules, using them in contexts broader than

those in which they should be used.

Learners need comprehensible input and opportunities to learn language in context
in order to increase their proficiency.

Their
parents
and
family
Language
Acquisition
ByFirst
somewhere
or somehow,
A
child
first
becomes
aware
of
awhile
concept,
members
affecttoward
learners
(L1)
learners'
learn
their
such
as
relative
size,
and
only
afterward
First
Spend
thing
several
to
address
years
listening
in the
todo
they
were
young
inpeople
learning
native
culture
and
in their
they
acquire
the
words
and
patterns
to
natural
language,
babbling
and
the
mother
tongue.
They
areusing
mostly
order that
toprocess
be
ablein
towhich
communicate
convey
concept.
learners
telegraphic
acquire
speech
their
before
language
they
affected
their
surrounding
with
theirby
own
people
and to
knowledge
can
form
sentences
where
they
grew up.

PHYCOLOGICAL
SOCIOCULTURA
COGNIITIVE
AFFECTIVE
LEARNING
PHYCOLOGICAL
SOCIOCULTURA
COGNIITIVE
AFFECTIVE
LEARNING
CONDITION
ASPECT
LL
CONDITION
ASPECT

According
to attitude
Ellis, "It to
is important
to process
recognize...
The
learner's
the learning
Second
Language
that
this
paradigm,
despite
the
label
'sociocultural'
has alsocase
beenofidentified
as being
critically
Special
more general
learning
Acquisition
(L2)
does
not seek
explain
acquire
the
mechanisms
intothe
brain. how
Thislearners
puts
them
in
important
to second-language
acquisition.
Learning
Learning
isismore
more
of
rapid
a conscious
andhowwhich
cultural
values
of
the
L2
but
rather
knowledge
direct
contrast
with
linguistic
theories,
Anxiety in language-learning situations has been
one.
people
Learners
are
able
develop
tothrough
form
this
posit
acquisition
uses
a uniqueoftoa
of
an that
L2
islanguage
internalized
experiences
almost
unanimously
shown
to be
detrimental
process
different
from
other
types
of learning
socio-cultural
nature
knowledge
sentences
by
within
utilizing
a
shorter
conscious
successful learning. (extrovert, introvert)