EDU3107: Guidance and Counseling for Children

Topic 5: Basic Counselling Skills - 9 hours

The stages of the counseling
Skills to entertain and listen
Skills interpret nonverbal behaviors
Skills to respond
Skills to identify the problem
Skills to implement interventions 01.12.2012 LECTURE :7.45-8 .45 (1)
TUTORIAL: 2:30 to 4:30 (2): Discuss how ordinary teachers can apply the basic skills to be able to
identify problems / issues to their students.
STAGES IN COUNSELING

1. BUILDING
RELATIONSHIPS
2. EXPLORATION
3. DECIDE
4. EXECUTION
5. TERMINATION OF
SESSION

BUILDING
RELATIONSHIPS
created a favorable
interaction
determine the ultimate
goal build trust
structuring the
relationship

DECISION MAKING
agreed upon objectives
results approach &
strategy
variables (client,
counselor, environment)

IMPLEMENTATION
implement appropriate
approaches
influence the
effectiveness of effective
counseling (the nearest
source of assistance, the
provision of pamphlet)

EXPLORATION
examine the scope of the
problem
analyze the level of
functionality of the client
understand the patterns of
history understand the
strength & power source
TERMINATION OF THE
SESSION
3 things must be
accomplished
Values and formulas
session progress
other issues of necessary
content to be submitted
think of ways to keep the
client's growth at the end of
the session
provide a means to
continue growth and client
changes

SKILLS ENTERTAIMENT
Communicating, Listening, Understanding & Paraphrase
Received client presence with sincerity
Listen carefully communications
Understand and evaluate
Respond promptly
Effective communication: verbal and non-verbal
LISTENING SKILL

What to do to listen:
Determine eye contact
Regulatory body gestures
Keep your manner of speaking
Follow the Discussion

What should be prevented:

prejudice
Too interested in and carried away Pretend
interest
easily distracted
criticize

LISTENING SKILLS

What needs to be heard?

1. The Client Experience
2. Behavioral client
3. Retirement Clients
4. Views or ideas client

Barrier Hearing
Active listen his own mind
Ego self: self wants to be heard
Caught in a habit: Feeling like already
knew the story and make own conclusions
Listen to your own needs (selective
listening)
Easy to talk interrupted
Less interested

PARAPHRASING SKILLS
Skills express returned problems or message client brief and to the point
If needed:
When a client has a chapter tells the story.
When the client has begun to repeat the story.
Client was silence discursive narrative client.
When the PRS feel confused about the fact that clients served.
When the PRS want to focus on the fact that deemed important in helping
The difference of Sympathy and Empathy

EMPATHY
Understanding the Client With View From
Optician Clients. Can empathy Helping
Clients Getting Personal Strength.

SYMPATHY
Process Showing Compassion and Help.
Feeling sympathy Can Cause low selfesteem And Helps Conduct Dependent
Others

How to Perform Empathy

Do reflection:

Reflection of FEELING

1. Contents or the fact the story

2. Feeling implicit and hidden
3. Meaning of words
Content reflection focuses on:
1. Facts story
2. How does it interfere with the client
3. Whatever ideas or views

Pay attention to the faces or facial. Tone

of voice and mimic an expressionless face
that implied.
Search keyword (clue words)
Identify categories of feelings Identify
the intensity of feeling
Choose an appropriate feeling words

Skills interpret nonverbal behaviors

Non-Verbal Behaviour Messages Tips Covering your mouth
: Shy / inferior / nervous / lack of confidence Wiping
or wiping your nose: Restlessness / doubtful / skeptical / worried
hair stroke: confusion / frustration / worry
breaking withstand finger: Cannot wait / boring / difficult to express feelings / doubts Playing
whatnot hand without conscious: an impassioned storytelling client / appreciate / nervous /
anxious Red
faces: shy / very angry
Skills to respond

* Inquire / Explanation
* Self exposure
* confrontation
* Formulate

Guide To Inquire
Questions should be related to client
problems.
Questions should be to get explanation
or assurance important to helping clients
not to fulfill needs to know the PRS
Queries do not wrath
Questions can be done if the client
having difficulty to start conversation or
story.

SKILLS TO ASK
There are two forms of inquiry:
1. Question Open
2. Closed Questions
Open Question:
To get a simple fact and certainty
Closed Questions: For more information
More from the client. Clients are free to
give facts deemed necessary and
convenient to recounted.

Confrontation Skills
It is important to help clients cope conflicts
or situations that give rise to two meanings
In a non-confrontational counseling for
challenging client or to force the client
admit error. It is also not intended blasted
client on error

Self exposure
Disclosure must be related to problem
Exposure only to give confidence to the
client. Terminate when the client has
begun storytelling.
Can be done if the client faces difficult to
describe the conflict itself

FORMULATING SKILLS
Small Summary:
Conclusions of fact based on the stories
presented by the client when the client felt
gave a fact
General Summary: Summary of
conclusions, which were agreed by the
client.
User:
Summary should include three basic
things: 1. Whatever the problem facts 2.
Whatever affects mood 3. Whatever
desires / goals of the client.

Skills to identify the problem

Tracking student behavior problems
1. Behavioral delinquent, drug abuse, immoral behavior
2. Collection of information
3. Intelligence tests, interest tests, tests tendency talent, personality test
Tracking academic problems of children
The problem with the 3M
Observation, student profile, test
Exercise daily, question and answer quiz
Identifying Problem Child
PROBLEM FACTORS AMONG CHILDREN
1. P & P - not in accordance with the cognitive development of curriculum
provided
2. Poor teaching pedagogy.

3. Substance P & P about attracting students.

4. The Personal Factor
example:
martial tricks, poverty, financial
peer influence (very dominant with the problem, a big impact on the pupils).
communication problems
5. Mental Factor
not enough months (active / humid), weak brain, self-management, lazy
thinking, problem 3M
6. Physical Factors poor health, malnutrition, help families find the
maintenance, defects.
7. Psychological Factors phobia emotional problems, trauma, hatred, penggeli,
grudge & confused.

Skills to implement interventions

There are many common types of counseling offered by the school counselor.
Normally therapeutic interventions available for children such as the
development, prevention, rehabilitation and crisis. Each has its own technical /
own strategy based on counseling theories used by the teacher. example:
Contingency contracts, creation, modeling, token economy, Main roles,
assertiveness training, systematic desensitasi, aversif conditioning,
techniques of cognitive,emotive techniques, behavioral techniques
.