Four DC area vendors bid to install a photovoltatic panel system on the same address in Washington, DC.
All offered the purchase option. One, SolarCity, also offered three leasing options. Another, Astrum Solar,
offered three distinct configuration options. All the bids are summarized on the "Results" tab below.
Please review the "Legal Stuff" and Generall Comments and Definitions" tabs below.
Instructions
You may use this Excel Workbook to contrast and compare the individual bids you get for your dwelling.
To do so (you may wish to make a copy of this Excel document first and work from that):
1. Fill in your own information on the "Owner Information" tab below.
2. The boxes shaded in yellow are user-provided information. Change all that need to be changed to fit
your situation.
3. The boxes shaded in orange are results that based based on the inputs you provided in the yellow
boxes.
4. If you change the name of a vendor on a work sheet, be sure to change the name on the tab at the
bottom of the sheet.
5. For each bid, enter the relevant information on one of the vendor tabs below.
6. If you receive bids for leasing, you have to use the SolarCity tab. If more than one company offers you
a leasing option(s), you have to copy of the worksheet.
7. To avoid either Excel jibberish in all the cells and/or confusing and inaccurate results, delete the
information in the yellow fields on each worksheet (tabbed below) you are not using. If you just remove
a worksheet, the results page will have columns of Excel jibberish.
The number of years it take for the cumulative cash flow of ain investment to turn positive. An
unsophisticated, but commonly understood, financial concept.
The rate of return that would make the present value of future cash flows plus the final market value of
an investment or business opportunity equal to the current market price of the investment or
opportunity. Also called dollar-weighted rate of return.
Net Present Value is used in capital budgeting to analyze the profitability of an investment or project.
NPV compares the value of a dollar today to the value of that same dollar in the future, taking inflation
and returns into account. The present value of an investment's future net cash flows minus the initial
investment. If positive, the investment should be made (unless an even better investment exists),
otherwise it should not.
Salvage
Value
At the end of the 20-year analysis period, the PV system will likely have a salvage value (what you could
sell the parts for, minus the cost of repairing the holes in your roof). It wont' likely be a lot, so the NPV
and IRR analyses didn't factor in salvage value.
Owner Information
Cecily Kohler
15 D St. SE,
Washington, DC 20003
202-543-1949
cecilyk@juno.com
Enter your
variables in the
yellow boxes.
Enter a rate of return you would expect to make on the money you
4.0% are investing in a PV system if you invested it elsewhere.
Enter your "marginal"( the rate on the highest increment of your
15.0% annual earnings) federal income tax rate. (If you don't know, click
on the "2011 Marginal Tax Rates" tab at bottom.)
4.0%
The PEPCO residential average energy rate is ~$0.15/kWh
(kilowatt-hour), weight-averaging the summer and winter rates. If
$0.146407 you know of a more accurate number, then enter here.
DC residential power rates increased an average of 4.2% annually
from 1997 to 2007. While past performance is not guarantee of
future results, it might be an indicator. Most believe prices will not
decrease, but will increase. Just how much no one knows. It is
better to guess something and be closer to being approximately
right than to put zero and likely be precisely wrong. Your guess at
4.2% what energy prices will do is as good as anyone's.
4,690 You can determine this by reviewing past electricity bills.
Lighthouse
Solar
Inverter Type
Installation Method
Roof Mount
Provided by your vendor.Insert either roof-mount brackets (penetrating roof); I-beams spanning party
walls or wood joists spanning party walls or ballast (concrete blocks to hold frame in place.
Monitoring
Yes
Provided by your vendor. Your and/or your vendor should be able to remotely monitor your system
production to identify and fix any problems.
PV Panel Manufacterer
PV Panel Size (Watts)
Number of PV Panels
Warranty Terms
Panel Tilt (degrees)
Percentage of Optimal PV
Panel Production (%)
Nameplate Rating (DC kW)
Lumos
How many years on the panels; on the inverter; and on the entire system? Can you buy an extended
warranty now to cover the difference out to 20 years?
14
96.1%
Panel tilt provided by your vendor; you enter percentage of optimal PV Panel Production from data
below. Panel tilt (angle above horizontal) is important for optimizing energy production. If the sun
shined evenly all year, optimal tilt would be eagle to latitude. PVWatts2 factors in seasonal weather
conditions. As Some vendors install panels horizontal (0) on flat DC townhouse roofs to get the most
panels in the available area. Tilting the panels mean that space must left between the east-west rows
so the panels to the south don't shade panels to the north. However, 0 panels have a 13.5% decrease
from optimum energy production. Tilting may reduce the number of panels, but increased energy
production from the array may offset it. As the power curve is non-linear, even a moderate tilt can
signifcantly increase production over flat. One tries to minimize total system cost (more PV panels
more cost) and maximize annual energy production (best angle) while producing as close to 100% of
your annual energy demand as possible. Here are percentage of maximum production for panels
facing true south: 90 (vertical):61.4%; 45:98.2%; 40:99.4%, 38.8 (Washington, DC
latitude):99.6%; 35:100%; 30:100%; 25:99.4%; 20:98.1%; 15:96.2%; 10:93.6%; 5: 90.4%;
0(horizontal): 86.5%. Enter a percentage into the yellow box at left based on panel degrees.
Production
3,750 Number of panels multipled the panel maximum power rating in watts.
1.00
While microinverters are more efficient in design (and more expensive), just how much more efficient
in practice is not a totally settled question. Enphase, the largest perveyor by far of microinverters
claims 15% more power production for the same system using a central inverter. If you are using a
central inverter, enter "1.00" in the box to left. If you are using a microverter enter a factor to reflect
the percentage of estimated increased production (for 15% enter 1.15). The increase will be reflected
in PVWatts2 Estimated Average Annual Production below.
This number is derived by multiplying the nameplate size of the Photovoltaic System times the inverter
type factor times 1.2, the latter of which is a Washington, DC-specific factor derived from running
4,325 PVWatts2 (nrel.gov/rredc/pvwatts/).
From Wikipedia: "Solar Renewable Energy Certificates (SRECs) or Solar Renewable Energy Credits are
a form of Renewable Energy Certificate or "Green tag". SRECs exist in states that have Renewable
Portfolio Standard (RPS) legislation with specific requirements for solar energy, usually referred to as a
"solar carve-out". SRECs represent the environmental attributes from a solar facility, and are produced
each time a solar system produces one megawatt-hour (MWh) of production. The additional income
received from selling SRECs increases the economic value of a solar investment and assists with the
financability of solar technology. In conjunction with state and federal incentives, solar system owners
can recover their investment in solar by selling their SRECs through spot market sales or long-term
sales." This value is derived by dividing PVWatts2 Annual Estimated Production kilowatt-hours by 1000
4.3 kilowatt-hours.
$633.14
92%
Residential Property Value Increase
A recent study in California estimated increased property values for PV installations on existing (very
$22,500 surprisingly, it was significant more than for new construction) homes at between $6.00$6.60/installed nameplate watt. The study also estimateda houising price premium to annual energy
savings ratio of between 21:1 and 26:1. The values at right show the low and high range for both
$28,500 approaches. The study examined repeat sales (before and after PV installation) of 28,313 homes
selling twice, of which 394 are PV and all in California, which has over half of the installed solar electric
capacity in the United States. Is this report relevant to elsewhere? A hypothetical home buyer in
California is more likely to be aware of PV value than elsewhere. However, as California goes, so goes
the rest of the states eventually. Don't get hung up on any of these numbers, but just consider their
magnitude compared to the net system cost in the Purchase Option. This data suggests that your
home value will go up at least twice what it costs you to install a PV system. If if these estimates are
twice what they actually are, your house value will go up at least the amount you spent on the PV
system. (See: Hoen, Ben, Ryan Wiser, Peter Cappers and Mark Thayer. 2011. An Analysis of the Effects
of Residental Photovoltaic Energy Systems on Home Sales Prices in California. Ernest Orlando
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. LBL-4476E. Download from
A recent study in California estimated increased property values for PV installations on existing (very
surprisingly, it was significant more than for new construction) homes at between $6.00$6.60/installed nameplate watt. The study also estimateda houising price premium to annual energy
savings ratio of between 21:1 and 26:1. The values at right show the low and high range for both
approaches. The study examined repeat sales (before and after PV installation) of 28,313 homes
selling twice, of which 394 are PV and all in California, which has over half of the installed solar electric
capacity in the United States. Is this report relevant to elsewhere? A hypothetical home buyer in
$13,296 California is more likely to be aware of PV value than elsewhere. However, as California goes, so goes
the rest of the states eventually. Don't get hung up on any of these numbers, but just consider their
magnitude compared to the net system cost in the Purchase Option. This data suggests that your
home value will go up at least twice what it costs you to install a PV system. If if these estimates are
twice what they actually are, your house value will go up at least the amount you spent on the PV
system. (See: Hoen, Ben, Ryan Wiser, Peter Cappers and Mark Thayer. 2011. An Analysis of the Effects
of Residental Photovoltaic Energy Systems on Home Sales Prices in California. Ernest Orlando
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. LBL-4476E. Download from
http://eetd.lbl.gov/ea/emp/reports/lbnl-4476e.pdf.)
$16,462
Purchase Option
Gross System Cost (dollars) (provided by vendor)
30% Federal Income Tax Credit
DC Grant (click on "DC PV Grant Calculator" tab below).
SREC 10-Year Upfront Payment (provided by vendor)
Federal and District Income Tax Due on SREC Payment
Net System Cost (dollars)
Guestimated 10-Year Upfront SREC Price in Year 11
Additio
nal
SREC
Net System Payme
Cost/Annual nt/
Electricity Salvag Annual
Savings
e
Cash
Year
(Revenues) Value
Flow
0
-$4,672
-$4,672
1
$633
$633
2
$660
$660
3
$687
$687
4
$716
$716
5
$746
$746
6
$778
$778
7
$810
$810
8
$844
$844
9
$880
$880
10
$917
$917
11
$955
$0
$955
12
$996
$996
13
$1,037
$1,037
14
$1,081
$1,081
15
$1,126
$1,126
16
$1,174
$1,174
17
$1,223
$1,223
18
$1,274
$1,274
19
$1,328
$1,328
20
$1,384
$1,384
Simple Payback (year cumulative cash flow >$0)
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
Net Present Value (NPV)
Dollars/Nameplate
Watt ($/W)
(based on (based
Net System
Cost)
Dollars/kiloWatt
hour/year
($/kWh/year)
on Net
System
Cost)
$19,382
$5,815
$5,250
$4,500
$855
$4,672
$0
Provided by your
vendor.
Guestimated
by you.
SREC markets will only continue if regulatory
authorities rachet up renewable portfolio standards with solar carve outs.
A safe guess is $0, but the field is included to remind you that SRECs
might still be around after a decade.
Cumulative
Cash
Flow
-$4,672
-$4,039
-$3,380
-$2,692
-$1,976
-$1,229
-$452
$359
$1,203
$2,083
$3,000
$3,955
$4,951
$5,988
$7,069
$8,195
$9,369
$10,592
$11,866
$13,194
$14,577
16.2%
$16
$7,431 $3,565
$1.25
$1.08
IF PV system is 3,000
nameplate watts or less,
enter nameplate rating in
kWh. If more than 3,000,
enter "3,000" in this field).
IF PV system is between
3,001 and 10,000 nameplate
watts, enter nameplate rating
number minus 3,000. if
System is greater 10,001
watts or greater, entier
"7,000" in this field.
If PV system is between
10,001-20,000 nameplate
watts enter nameplate rating
minus 10,000. If PV system is
greater 20,001 watts or
greater, entire "10,000" in
this field.
Nameplate Watts Eligible for
Subsidy
Nameplate Rating (from
above)
DC Grant Amount
3,000
750
0
3,750
3,750
$5,250.00
Numbers in the orange boxes are derived from the variable you
entered in the yellow boxes.
Vendor
Name
Solar City
PV Panel Manufacterer
PV Panel Size (Watts)
Number of PV Panels
Yingli
Inverter Type
to be
determined
Provided by your vendor. There are two general types of inverters in photovoltaic power system. Traditionally, the photvoltaic panels have been wired through one "central"
inverter to convert the direct current (DC) energy produced by the panels to alternating current (AC) used by the building. A new design is the "microinverter," one each of
which is wired to each PV panel. Each microiverter operates independently so if one inverter fails the rest of the PV system still produces power. Microinverters are more
efficient because (a) line losses associated with running DC current from the panels to the inverter are less; (b) each microinverter optimizes the production of the panel
through "maximum power point tracking" and avoiding inevitable panel mismatch (each panel is a little different and the lowest common denominator rule applies in terms of
energy production; and (c) shading losses are minimized (shading even a few cells on one panel can reduce the output of all panels in that array).
Installation Method
to be
determined
Provided by your vendor.Insert either roof-mount brackets (penetrating roof); I-beams spanning party walls or wood joists spanning party walls or ballast (concrete blocks to
hold frame in place.
Warranty Terms
Panel Tilt (degrees)
20 years on
leased
system; 10
Extended Warranty and Inverter Replacement Option chosen below on Purchase Option.
year standard
on purchase
option
10 Provided by your vendor. Your and/or your vendor should be able to remotely monitor your system production to identify and fix any problems.
Percentage of Optimal PV
Panel Production (%)
Nameplate Rating (DC kW)
Panel tilt provided by your vendor; you enter percentage of optimal PV Panel Production from data below. Panel tilt (angle above horizontal) is important for optimizing energy
production. If the sun shined evenly all year, optimal tilt would be eagle to latitude. PVWatts2 factors in seasonal weather conditions. As Some vendors install panels horizontal
(0) on flat DC townhouse roofs to get the most panels in the available area. Tilting the panels mean that space must left between the east-west rows so the panels to the
south don't shade panels to the north. However, 0 panels have a 13.5% decrease from optimum energy production. Tilting may reduce the number of panels, but increased
energy production from the array may offset it. As the power curve is non-linear, even a moderate tilt can signifcantly increase production over flat. One tries to minimize total
system cost (more PV panels more cost) and maximize annual energy production (best angle) while producing as close to 100% of your annual energy demand as possible.
Here are percentage of maximum production for panels facing true south: 90 (vertical):61.4%; 45:98.2%; 40:99.4%, 38.8 (Washington, DC latitude):99.6%; 35:100%;
93.6% 30:100%; 25:99.4%; 20:98.1%; 15:96.2%; 10:93.6%; 5: 90.4%; 0(horizontal): 86.5%. Enter a percentage into the yellow box at left based on panel degrees.
Production
4,140 Number of panels multipled the panel maximum power rating in watts.
While microinverters are more efficient in design (and more expensive), just how much more efficient in practice is not a totally settled question. Enphase, the largest perveyor
by far of microinverters claims 15% more power production for the same system using a central inverter. If you are using a central inverter, enter "1.00" in the box to left. If
you are using a microverter enter a factor to reflect the percentage of estimated increased production (for 15% enter 1.15). The increase will be reflected in PVWatts2
1.00 Estimated Average Annual Production below.
This number is derived by multiplying the nameplate size of the Photovoltaic System times the inverter type factor times 1.2, the latter of which is a Washington, DC-specific
4,650 factor derived from running PVWatts2 (nrel.gov/rredc/pvwatts/).
From Wikipedia: "Solar Renewable Energy Certificates (SRECs) or Solar Renewable Energy Credits are a form of Renewable Energy Certificate or "Green tag". SRECs exist in
states that have Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) legislation with specific requirements for solar energy, usually referred to as a "solar carve-out". SRECs represent the
environmental attributes from a solar facility, and are produced each time a solar system produces one megawatt-hour (MWh) of production. The additional income received
from selling SRECs increases the economic value of a solar investment and assists with the financability of solar technology. In conjunction with state and federal incentives,
solar system owners can recover their investment in solar by selling their SRECs through spot market sales or long-term sales." This value is derived by dividing PVWatts2
4.7 Annual Estimated Production kilowatt-hours by 1000 kilowatt-hours.
$680.80 The retail value of the electricity produced by your system.
99%
Residential Property Value Increase
$24,840 A recent study in California estimated increased property values for PV installations on existing (very surprisingly, it was significant more than for new construction) homes at
between $6.00-$6.60/installed nameplate watt. The study also estimateda houising price premium to annual energy savings ratio of between 21:1 and 26:1. The values at
right show the low and high range for both approaches. The study examined repeat sales (before and after PV installation) of 28,313 homes selling twice, of which 394 are PV
$31,464 and all in California, which has over half of the installed solar electric capacity in the United States. Is this report relevant to elsewhere? A hypothetical home buyer in California
is more likely to be aware of PV value than elsewhere. However, as California goes, so goes the rest of the states eventually. Don't get hung up on any of these numbers, but
just consider their magnitude compared to the net system cost in the Purchase Option. This data suggests that your home value will go up at least twice what it costs you to
install a PV system. If if these estimates are twice what they actually are, your house value will go up at least the amount you spent on the PV system. (See: Hoen, Ben, Ryan
$14,297
Wiser, Peter Cappers and Mark Thayer. 2011. An Analysis of the Effects of Residental Photovoltaic Energy Systems on Home Sales Prices in California. Ernest Orlando Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory. LBL-4476E. Download from http://eetd.lbl.gov/ea/emp/reports/lbnl-4476e.pdf.)
A recent study in California estimated increased property values for PV installations on existing (very surprisingly, it was significant more than for new construction) homes at
between $6.00-$6.60/installed nameplate watt. The study also estimateda houising price premium to annual energy savings ratio of between 21:1 and 26:1. The values at
right show the low and high range for both approaches. The study examined repeat sales (before and after PV installation) of 28,313 homes selling twice, of which 394 are PV
and all in California, which has over half of the installed solar electric capacity in the United States. Is this report relevant to elsewhere? A hypothetical home buyer in California
is more likely to be aware of PV value than elsewhere. However, as California goes, so goes the rest of the states eventually. Don't get hung up on any of these numbers, but
just consider their magnitude compared to the net system cost in the Purchase Option. This data suggests that your home value will go up at least twice what it costs you to
install a PV system. If if these estimates are twice what they actually are, your house value will go up at least the amount you spent on the PV system. (See: Hoen, Ben, Ryan
Wiser, Peter Cappers and Mark Thayer. 2011. An Analysis of the Effects of Residental Photovoltaic Energy Systems on Home Sales Prices in California. Ernest Orlando Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory. LBL-4476E. Download from http://eetd.lbl.gov/ea/emp/reports/lbnl-4476e.pdf.)
$17,701
Purchase Option
Gross System Cost (dollars) *
30% Federal Income Tax Credit
DC Grant (click on "DC PV Grant Calculator" tab below).
SREC 10-Year Upfront Payment *
Federal
District
Income and
Tax Due
on SREC
PaymentService
20
Year and
Extended
Warranty
Inverter
Replacement
(35/watt)
Net System Cost (dollars)
Guestimated 10-Year Upfront SREC Price in Year 11 ***
$23,196
$6,959
$5,640
$4,860
$923
$1,449
$8,110
$0
$0
$68
$816
3.9%
Annual
Electricity
Annual Savings
Annual
Lease (Revenues Cash
Cumu-lative
Costs
)
Flow
Cash Flow
-$3,639
-$3,639
-$3,639
-$516
$681
$165
-$3,474
-$516
$709
$193
-$3,281
-$516
$739
$223
-$3,058
-$516
$770
$254
-$2,803
-$516
$803
$287
-$2,517
-$516
$836
$320
-$2,197
-$516
$871
$355
-$1,841
-$516
$908
$392
-$1,449
-$516
$946
$430
-$1,019
-$516
$986
$470
-$549
-$516
$1,027
$511
-$38
-$516
$1,070
$554
$517
-$516
$1,115
$599
$1,116
-$516
$1,162
$646
$1,762
-$516
$1,211
$695
$2,457
-$516
$1,262
$746
$3,203
-$516
$1,315
$799
$4,002
-$516
$1,370
$854
$4,856
-$516
$1,428
$912
$5,768
Simple
Payback
(year cumulative
-$516
$1,488
$972 cash flow
$6,740
>$0)
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
9.2%
Net Present Value (NPV)
$2,579
$0
Annual
Annual Electricity
Annual
CumuLease
Savings
Cash
lative
Costs (Revenues)
Flow
Cash Flow
###
-$7,278
-$7,278
$0
$681
$681
-$6,597
$0
$709
$709
-$5,888
$0
$739
$739
-$5,149
$0
$770
$770
-$4,378
$0
$803
$803
-$3,576
$0
$836
$836
-$2,740
$0
$871
$871
-$1,868
$0
$908
$908
-$960
$0
$946
$946
-$14
$0
$986
$986
$972
$0
$1,027
$1,027
$1,999
$0
$1,070
$1,070
$3,070
$0
$1,115
$1,115
$4,185
$0
$1,162
$1,162
$5,347
$0
$1,211
$1,211
$6,558
$0
$1,262
$1,262
$7,820
$0
$1,315
$1,315
$9,135
$0
$1,370
$1,370
$10,505
$0
$1,428
$1,428
$11,933
Simple
(year cumulative
flow
$0Payback$1,488
$1,488 cash$13,421
>$0)
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
10.8%
Net Present Value (NPV)
$5,823
DC Grant Calculator
If you are eligible (meaning that you are on the waiting list andmost importantlythe District
Department of Energy is actually giving out grants, fill in the three yellow boxes below, as instructed. If
you are not eligible, make sure each yellow box has a zero ("0") in it.
IF PV system is 3,000
nameplate watts or less,
enter nameplate rating in
Effective October 1, 2011 (and if you are already on the
kWh. If more than 3,000,
District Department of Energy [DDOE] waiting list, you are
3,000 eligible for a grant based on the sie of your system in the
enter "3,000" in this field).
IF PV system is between
3,001 and 10,000 nameplate
watts, enter nameplate rating
number minus 3,000. if
System is greater 10,001
watts or greater, entier
"7,000" in this field.
If PV system is between
10,001-20,000 nameplate
watts enter nameplate rating
minus 10,000. If PV system is
greater 20,001 watts or
greater, entire "10,000" in
this field.
Nameplate Watts Eligible for
Subsidy
Nameplate Rating (from
above)
DC Grant Amount
* Provided by your vendor.
** Provided by your vendor.
amount of: (1) $1.50 for each of the first 3,000 installed
watts or watt-equivalents of capacity; (2) $1.00 for each of
the next 7,000 installed watts or watt-equivalents of
capacity; and (3) $0.50 for each of the next 10,000 installed
watts or watt-equivalents of capacity. No additional funding
will be provided for installed capacity above 20,000 watts. (If
you are already on the waiting list, you should not count on
1,140 being so in that the program is to expire at the end of 2012
unless extended by the DC Council.) The question as to
whether or not the DC rebate is federal and/or district
taxable income has been resolved to my satisfaction: it is not
taxable. However, I am not a tax professional, so please
consult your professional tax advisor.
0
4,140 Unless your nameplate rating is greater than 20,000 watts,
these two numbers should be the same. If nameplate rating
is greater than 20,000 watts, then nameplate watts eligible
for subsidy should total 20,000.
4,140
You are eligible for this amount and the number will show up
on the main worksheet automatically. (The sum of your three
entries in the yellow boxes at left must total the total PV
$5,640.00 nameplate watts above.
*** Guestimated by you. SREC markets will only continue if regulatory authorities rachet up renewable
portfolio standards with solar carve outs. A safe guess is $0, but the field is included to remind you that
SRECs might still be around after a decade.
Numbers in the orange boxes are derived from the variable you
entered in the yellow boxes.
Vendor
Name
Solar Solution
PV Panel Manufacterer
PV Panel Size (Watts)
Number of PV Panels
Astronergy
Provided by your vendor.
230 Provided by your vendor.
22 Provided by your vendor.
Inverter Type
SMA Central
Installation Method
I-Beams
Monitoring
Included
Warranty Terms
Panel Tilt (degrees)
Percentage of Optimal PV
Panel Production (%)
Nameplate Rating (DC kW)
Provided by your vendor. There are two general types of inverters in photovoltaic power system. Traditionally, the photvoltaic panels have been wired through one "central"
inverter to convert the direct current (DC) energy produced by the panels to alternating current (AC) used by the building. A new design is the "microinverter," one each of
which is wired to each PV panel. Each microiverter operates independently so if one inverter fails the rest of the PV system still produces power. Microinverters are more
efficient because (a) line losses associated with running DC current from the panels to the inverter are less; (b) each microinverter optimizes the production of the panel
through "maximum power point tracking" and avoiding inevitable panel mismatch (each panel is a little different and the lowest common denominator rule applies in terms of
energy production; and (c) shading losses are minimized (shading even a few cells on one panel can reduce the output of all panels in that array).
Provided by your vendor.Insert either roof-mount brackets (penetrating roof); I-beams spanning party walls or wood joists spanning party walls or ballast (concrete blocks to
hold frame in place.
Provided by your vendor. Your and/or your vendor should be able to remotely monitor your system production to identify and fix any problems.
"Warranty:
All solar
panels come
with a 25
years
warranty, 10
or 15 year
warranty on How many years on the panels; on the inverter; and on the entire system? Can you buy an extended warranty now to cover the difference out to 20 years?
all inverters
and a 5-year
warranty
against any
work
performed by
Solar Solution
personnel."
4 Panel tilt provided by your vendor; you enter percentage of optimal PV Panel Production from data below. Panel tilt (angle above horizontal) is important for optimizing energy
production. If the sun shined evenly all year, optimal tilt would be eagle to latitude. PVWatts2 factors in seasonal weather conditions. As Some vendors install panels horizontal
(0) on flat DC townhouse roofs to get the most panels in the available area. Tilting the panels mean that space must left between the east-west rows so the panels to the
south don't shade panels to the north. However, 0 panels have a 13.5% decrease from optimum energy production. Tilting may reduce the number of panels, but increased
energy production from the array may offset it. As the power curve is non-linear, even a moderate tilt can signifcantly increase production over flat. One tries to minimize total
system cost (more PV panels more cost) and maximize annual energy production (best angle) while producing as close to 100% of your annual energy demand as possible.
Here are percentage of maximum production for panels facing true south: 90 (vertical):61.4%; 45:98.2%; 40:99.4%, 38.8 (Washington, DC latitude):99.6%; 35:100%;
30:100%; 25:99.4%; 20:98.1%; 15:96.2%; 10:93.6%; 5: 90.4%; 0(horizontal): 86.5%. Enter a percentage into the yellow box at left based on panel degrees.
90.0%
Production
5,060 Number of panels multipled the panel maximum power rating in watts.
While microinverters are more efficient in design (and more expensive), just how much more efficient in practice is not a totally settled question. Enphase, the largest perveyor
by far of microinverters claims 15% more power production for the same system using a central inverter. If you are using a central inverter, enter "1.00" in the box to left. If
you are using a microverter enter a factor to reflect the percentage of estimated increased production (for 15% enter 1.15). The increase will be reflected in PVWatts2
1.00 Estimated Average Annual Production below.
This number is derived by multiplying the nameplate size of the Photovoltaic System times the inverter type factor times 1.2, the latter of which is a Washington, DC-specific
5,465 factor derived from running PVWatts2 (nrel.gov/rredc/pvwatts/).
From Wikipedia: "Solar Renewable Energy Certificates (SRECs) or Solar Renewable Energy Credits are a form of Renewable Energy Certificate or "Green tag". SRECs exist in
states that have Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) legislation with specific requirements for solar energy, usually referred to as a "solar carve-out". SRECs represent the
environmental attributes from a solar facility, and are produced each time a solar system produces one megawatt-hour (MWh) of production. The additional income received
from selling SRECs increases the economic value of a solar investment and assists with the financability of solar technology. In conjunction with state and federal incentives,
solar system owners can recover their investment in solar by selling their SRECs through spot market sales or long-term sales." This value is derived by dividing PVWatts2
5.5
Annual Estimated Production kilowatt-hours by 1000 kilowatt-hours.
$800.08 The retail value of the electricity produced by your system.
117%
Residential Property Value Increase
$30,360 A recent study in California estimated increased property values for PV installations on existing (very surprisingly, it was significant more than for new construction) homes at
between $6.00-$6.60/installed nameplate watt. The study also estimateda houising price premium to annual energy savings ratio of between 21:1 and 26:1. The values at
right show the low and high range for both approaches. The study examined repeat sales (before and after PV installation) of 28,313 homes selling twice, of which 394 are PV
$38,456 and all in California, which has over half of the installed solar electric capacity in the United States. Is this report relevant to elsewhere? A hypothetical home buyer in California
is more likely to be aware of PV value than elsewhere. However, as California goes, so goes the rest of the states eventually. Don't get hung up on any of these numbers, but
just consider their magnitude compared to the net system cost in the Purchase Option. This data suggests that your home value will go up at least twice what it costs you to
install a PV system. If if these estimates are twice what they actually are, your house value will go up at least the amount you spent on the PV system. (See: Hoen, Ben, Ryan
$16,802
Wiser, Peter Cappers and Mark Thayer. 2011. An Analysis of the Effects of Residental Photovoltaic Energy Systems on Home Sales Prices in California. Ernest Orlando Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory. LBL-4476E. Download from http://eetd.lbl.gov/ea/emp/reports/lbnl-4476e.pdf.)
$20,802
Purchase Option
$22,995
$6,899
$6,560
$6,000
$1,140
$4,677
$0
$0.86
0
Unless your nameplate rating is greater than 20,000 watts,
5,060 these two numbers should be the same. If nameplate rating
is greater than 20,000 watts, then nameplate watts eligible
5,060 for subsidy should total 20,000.
$6,560.00 on the main worksheet automatically. (The sum of your three
entries in the yellow boxes at left must total the total PV
Numbers in the orange boxes are derived from the variable you
entered in the yellow boxes.
Vendor
Name
PV Panel Manufacterer
PV Panel Size (Watts)
Number of PV Panels
Suntech
Inverter Type
Enphase
Installation Method
I-Beams
Monitoring
Included
Provided by your vendor. There are two general types of inverters in photovoltaic power system. Traditionally, the photvoltaic panels have been wired through one "central"
inverter to convert the direct current (DC) energy produced by the panels to alternating current (AC) used by the building. A new design is the "microinverter," one each of
which is wired to each PV panel. Each microiverter operates independently so if one inverter fails the rest of the PV system still produces power. Microinverters are more
efficient because (a) line losses associated with running DC current from the panels to the inverter are less; (b) each microinverter optimizes the production of the panel
through "maximum power point tracking" and avoiding inevitable panel mismatch (each panel is a little different and the lowest common denominator rule applies in terms of
energy production; and (c) shading losses are minimized (shading even a few cells on one panel can reduce the output of all panels in that array).
Provided by your vendor.Insert either roof-mount brackets (penetrating roof); I-beams spanning party walls or wood joists spanning party walls or ballast (concrete blocks to
hold frame in place.
Provided by your vendor. Your and/or your vendor should be able to remotely monitor your system production to identify and fix any problems.
How many years on the panels; on the inverter; and on the entire system? Can you buy an extended warranty now to cover the difference out to 20 years?
Warranty Terms
Panel Tilt (degrees)
Percentage of Optimal PV
Panel Production (%)
Nameplate Rating (DC kW)
25 years on
panels and
inverters
14.5 Panel tilt provided by your vendor; you enter percentage of optimal PV Panel Production from data below. Panel tilt (angle above horizontal) is important for optimizing energy
production. If the sun shined evenly all year, optimal tilt would be eagle to latitude. PVWatts2 factors in seasonal weather conditions. As Some vendors install panels horizontal
(0) on flat DC townhouse roofs to get the most panels in the available area. Tilting the panels mean that space must left between the east-west rows so the panels to the
south don't shade panels to the north. However, 0 panels have a 13.5% decrease from optimum energy production. Tilting may reduce the number of panels, but increased
energy production from the array may offset it. As the power curve is non-linear, even a moderate tilt can signifcantly increase production over flat. One tries to minimize total
system cost (more PV panels more cost) and maximize annual energy production (best angle) while producing as close to 100% of your annual energy demand as possible.
Here are percentage of maximum production for panels facing true south: 90 (vertical):61.4%; 45:98.2%; 40:99.4%, 38.8 (Washington, DC latitude):99.6%; 35:100%;
30:100%; 25:99.4%; 20:98.1%; 15:96.2%; 10:93.6%; 5: 90.4%; 0(horizontal): 86.5%. Enter a percentage into the yellow box at left based on panel degrees.
96.0%
Production
3,600 Number of panels multipled the panel maximum power rating in watts.
While microinverters are more efficient in design (and more expensive), just how much more efficient in practice is not a totally settled question. Enphase, the largest perveyor
by far of microinverters claims 15% more power production for the same system using a central inverter. If you are using a central inverter, enter "1.00" in the box to left. If
you are using a microverter enter a factor to reflect the percentage of estimated increased production (for 15% enter 1.15). The increase will be reflected in PVWatts2
1.15 Estimated Average Annual Production below.
This number is derived by multiplying the nameplate size of the Photovoltaic System times the inverter type factor times 1.2, the latter of which is a Washington, DC-specific
4,769 factor derived from running PVWatts2 (nrel.gov/rredc/pvwatts/).
From Wikipedia: "Solar Renewable Energy Certificates (SRECs) or Solar Renewable Energy Credits are a form of Renewable Energy Certificate or "Green tag". SRECs exist in
states that have Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) legislation with specific requirements for solar energy, usually referred to as a "solar carve-out". SRECs represent the
environmental attributes from a solar facility, and are produced each time a solar system produces one megawatt-hour (MWh) of production. The additional income received
from selling SRECs increases the economic value of a solar investment and assists with the financability of solar technology. In conjunction with state and federal incentives,
solar system owners can recover their investment in solar by selling their SRECs through spot market sales or long-term sales." This value is derived by dividing PVWatts2
4.8
Annual Estimated Production kilowatt-hours by 1000 kilowatt-hours.
$698.26 The retail value of the electricity produced by your system.
102%
Residential Property Value Increase
$21,600 A recent study in California estimated increased property values for PV installations on existing (very surprisingly, it was significant more than for new construction) homes at
between $6.00-$6.60/installed nameplate watt. The study also estimateda houising price premium to annual energy savings ratio of between 21:1 and 26:1. The values at
right show the low and high range for both approaches. The study examined repeat sales (before and after PV installation) of 28,313 homes selling twice, of which 394 are PV
$27,360 and all in California, which has over half of the installed solar electric capacity in the United States. Is this report relevant to elsewhere? A hypothetical home buyer in California
is more likely to be aware of PV value than elsewhere. However, as California goes, so goes the rest of the states eventually. Don't get hung up on any of these numbers, but
just consider their magnitude compared to the net system cost in the Purchase Option. This data suggests that your home value will go up at least twice what it costs you to
install a PV system. If if these estimates are twice what they actually are, your house value will go up at least the amount you spent on the PV system. (See: Hoen, Ben, Ryan
$14,663
Wiser, Peter Cappers and Mark Thayer. 2011. An Analysis of the Effects of Residental Photovoltaic Energy Systems on Home Sales Prices in California. Ernest Orlando Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory. LBL-4476E. Download from http://eetd.lbl.gov/ea/emp/reports/lbnl-4476e.pdf.)
$18,155
Purchase Option
$1.62
3,000
0
Unless your nameplate rating is greater than 20,000 watts,
3,600 these two numbers should be the same. If nameplate rating
is greater than 20,000 watts, then nameplate watts eligible
3,600 for subsidy should total 20,000.
$5,100.00 on the main worksheet automatically. (The sum of your three
entries in the yellow boxes at left must total the total PV
Numbers in the orange boxes are derived from the variable you
entered in the yellow boxes.
Vendor
Name
PV Panel Manufacterer
PV Panel Size (Watts)
Number of PV Panels
Suntech
Inverter Type
Enphase
Installation Method
Ballast
Monitoring
Included
Provided by your vendor. There are two general types of inverters in photovoltaic power system. Traditionally, the photvoltaic panels have been wired through one "central"
inverter to convert the direct current (DC) energy produced by the panels to alternating current (AC) used by the building. A new design is the "microinverter," one each of
which is wired to each PV panel. Each microiverter operates independently so if one inverter fails the rest of the PV system still produces power. Microinverters are more
efficient because (a) line losses associated with running DC current from the panels to the inverter are less; (b) each microinverter optimizes the production of the panel
through "maximum power point tracking" and avoiding inevitable panel mismatch (each panel is a little different and the lowest common denominator rule applies in terms of
energy production; and (c) shading losses are minimized (shading even a few cells on one panel can reduce the output of all panels in that array).
Provided by your vendor.Insert either roof-mount brackets (penetrating roof); I-beams spanning party walls or wood joists spanning party walls or ballast (concrete blocks to
hold frame in place.
Provided by your vendor. Your and/or your vendor should be able to remotely monitor your system production to identify and fix any problems.
How many years on the panels; on the inverter; and on the entire system? Can you buy an extended warranty now to cover the difference out to 20 years?
Warranty Terms
Panel Tilt (degrees)
Percentage of Optimal PV
Panel Production (%)
Nameplate Rating (DC kW)
25 years on
panels and
inverters
15 Panel tilt provided by your vendor; you enter percentage of optimal PV Panel Production from data below. Panel tilt (angle above horizontal) is important for optimizing energy
production. If the sun shined evenly all year, optimal tilt would be eagle to latitude. PVWatts2 factors in seasonal weather conditions. As Some vendors install panels horizontal
(0) on flat DC townhouse roofs to get the most panels in the available area. Tilting the panels mean that space must left between the east-west rows so the panels to the
south don't shade panels to the north. However, 0 panels have a 13.5% decrease from optimum energy production. Tilting may reduce the number of panels, but increased
energy production from the array may offset it. As the power curve is non-linear, even a moderate tilt can signifcantly increase production over flat. One tries to minimize total
system cost (more PV panels more cost) and maximize annual energy production (best angle) while producing as close to 100% of your annual energy demand as possible.
Here are percentage of maximum production for panels facing true south: 90 (vertical):61.4%; 45:98.2%; 40:99.4%, 38.8 (Washington, DC latitude):99.6%; 35:100%;
30:100%; 25:99.4%; 20:98.1%; 15:96.2%; 10:93.6%; 5: 90.4%; 0(horizontal): 86.5%. Enter a percentage into the yellow box at left based on panel degrees.
96.2%
Production
4,080 Number of panels multipled the panel maximum power rating in watts.
While microinverters are more efficient in design (and more expensive), just how much more efficient in practice is not a totally settled question. Enphase, the largest perveyor
by far of microinverters claims 15% more power production for the same system using a central inverter. If you are using a central inverter, enter "1.00" in the box to left. If
you are using a microverter enter a factor to reflect the percentage of estimated increased production (for 15% enter 1.15). The increase will be reflected in PVWatts2
1.15 Estimated Average Annual Production below.
This number is derived by multiplying the nameplate size of the Photovoltaic System times the inverter type factor times 1.2, the latter of which is a Washington, DC-specific
5,416 factor derived from running PVWatts2 (nrel.gov/rredc/pvwatts/).
From Wikipedia: "Solar Renewable Energy Certificates (SRECs) or Solar Renewable Energy Credits are a form of Renewable Energy Certificate or "Green tag". SRECs exist in
states that have Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) legislation with specific requirements for solar energy, usually referred to as a "solar carve-out". SRECs represent the
environmental attributes from a solar facility, and are produced each time a solar system produces one megawatt-hour (MWh) of production. The additional income received
from selling SRECs increases the economic value of a solar investment and assists with the financability of solar technology. In conjunction with state and federal incentives,
solar system owners can recover their investment in solar by selling their SRECs through spot market sales or long-term sales." This value is derived by dividing PVWatts2
5.4
Annual Estimated Production kilowatt-hours by 1000 kilowatt-hours.
$793.01 The retail value of the electricity produced by your system.
115%
Residential Property Value Increase
$24,480 A recent study in California estimated increased property values for PV installations on existing (very surprisingly, it was significant more than for new construction) homes at
between $6.00-$6.60/installed nameplate watt. The study also estimateda houising price premium to annual energy savings ratio of between 21:1 and 26:1. The values at
right show the low and high range for both approaches. The study examined repeat sales (before and after PV installation) of 28,313 homes selling twice, of which 394 are PV
$31,008 and all in California, which has over half of the installed solar electric capacity in the United States. Is this report relevant to elsewhere? A hypothetical home buyer in California
is more likely to be aware of PV value than elsewhere. However, as California goes, so goes the rest of the states eventually. Don't get hung up on any of these numbers, but
just consider their magnitude compared to the net system cost in the Purchase Option. This data suggests that your home value will go up at least twice what it costs you to
install a PV system. If if these estimates are twice what they actually are, your house value will go up at least the amount you spent on the PV system. (See: Hoen, Ben, Ryan
$16,653
Wiser, Peter Cappers and Mark Thayer. 2011. An Analysis of the Effects of Residental Photovoltaic Energy Systems on Home Sales Prices in California. Ernest Orlando Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory. LBL-4476E. Download from http://eetd.lbl.gov/ea/emp/reports/lbnl-4476e.pdf.)
$20,618
Purchase Option
$25,500
$7,650
$5,580
$6,500
$1,235
$7,005
$0
Numbers in the orange boxes are derived from the variable you
entered in the yellow boxes.
Owner Information
Vendor
Name
PV Panel Manufacterer
PV Panel Size (Watts)
Number of PV Panels
Suntech
Inverter Type
Enphase
Provided by your vendor. There are two general types of inverters in photovoltaic power system. Traditionally, the photvoltaic panels have been wired through one "central"
inverter to convert the direct current (DC) energy produced by the panels to alternating current (AC) used by the building. A new design is the "microinverter," one each of
which is wired to each PV panel. Each microiverter operates independently so if one inverter fails the rest of the PV system still produces power. Microinverters are more
efficient because (a) line losses associated with running DC current from the panels to the inverter are less; (b) each microinverter optimizes the production of the panel
through "maximum power point tracking" and avoiding inevitable panel mismatch (each panel is a little different and the lowest common denominator rule applies in terms of
energy production; and (c) shading losses are minimized (shading even a few cells on one panel can reduce the output of all panels in that array).
Installation Method
Monitoring
Ballast
Included
Provided by your vendor.Insert either roof-mount brackets (penetrating roof); I-beams spanning party walls or wood joists spanning party walls or ballast (concrete blocks to
hold frame in place.
Provided by your vendor. Your and/or your vendor should be able to remotely monitor your system production to identify and fix any problems.
How many years on the panels; on the inverter; and on the entire system? Can you buy an extended warranty now to cover the difference out to 20 years?
Warranty Terms
Panel Tilt (degrees)
Percentage of Optimal PV
Panel Production (%)
Nameplate Rating (DC kW)
25 years on
panels and
inverters
0 Panel tilt provided by your vendor; you enter percentage of optimal PV Panel Production from data below. Panel tilt (angle above horizontal) is important for optimizing energy
production. If the sun shined evenly all year, optimal tilt would be eagle to latitude. PVWatts2 factors in seasonal weather conditions. As Some vendors install panels horizontal
(0) on flat DC townhouse roofs to get the most panels in the available area. Tilting the panels mean that space must left between the east-west rows so the panels to the
south don't shade panels to the north. However, 0 panels have a 13.5% decrease from optimum energy production. Tilting may reduce the number of panels, but increased
energy production from the array may offset it. As the power curve is non-linear, even a moderate tilt can signifcantly increase production over flat. One tries to minimize total
system cost (more PV panels more cost) and maximize annual energy production (best angle) while producing as close to 100% of your annual energy demand as possible.
Here are percentage of maximum production for panels facing true south: 90 (vertical):61.4%; 45:98.2%; 40:99.4%, 38.8 (Washington, DC latitude):99.6%; 35:100%;
30:100%; 25:99.4%; 20:98.1%; 15:96.2%; 10:93.6%; 5: 90.4%; 0(horizontal): 86.5%. Enter a percentage into the yellow box at left based on panel degrees.
86.5%
Production
6,240 Number of panels multipled the panel maximum power rating in watts.
While microinverters are more efficient in design (and more expensive), just how much more efficient in practice is not a totally settled question. Enphase, the largest perveyor
by far of microinverters claims 15% more power production for the same system using a central inverter. If you are using a central inverter, enter "1.00" in the box to left. If
you are using a microverter enter a factor to reflect the percentage of estimated increased production (for 15% enter 1.15). The increase will be reflected in PVWatts2
1.15 Estimated Average Annual Production below.
This number is derived by multiplying the nameplate size of the Photovoltaic System times the inverter type factor times 1.2, the latter of which is a Washington, DC-specific
7,449 factor derived from running PVWatts2 (nrel.gov/rredc/pvwatts/).
From Wikipedia: "Solar Renewable Energy Certificates (SRECs) or Solar Renewable Energy Credits are a form of Renewable Energy Certificate or "Green tag". SRECs exist in
states that have Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) legislation with specific requirements for solar energy, usually referred to as a "solar carve-out". SRECs represent the
environmental attributes from a solar facility, and are produced each time a solar system produces one megawatt-hour (MWh) of production. The additional income received
from selling SRECs increases the economic value of a solar investment and assists with the financability of solar technology. In conjunction with state and federal incentives,
solar system owners can recover their investment in solar by selling their SRECs through spot market sales or long-term sales." This value is derived by dividing PVWatts2
7.4
Annual Estimated Production kilowatt-hours by 1000 kilowatt-hours.
$1,090.54 The retail value of the electricity produced by your system.
Percentage of Annual
Household Conumption (kWh)
159%
Residential Property Value Increase
$37,440 A recent study in California estimated increased property values for PV installations on existing (very surprisingly, it was significant more than for new construction) homes at
between $6.00-$6.60/installed nameplate watt. The study also estimateda houising price premium to annual energy savings ratio of between 21:1 and 26:1. The values at
right show the low and high range for both approaches. The study examined repeat sales (before and after PV installation) of 28,313 homes selling twice, of which 394 are PV
$47,424 and all in California, which has over half of the installed solar electric capacity in the United States. Is this report relevant to elsewhere? A hypothetical home buyer in California
is more likely to be aware of PV value than elsewhere. However, as California goes, so goes the rest of the states eventually. Don't get hung up on any of these numbers, but
just consider their magnitude compared to the net system cost in the Purchase Option. This data suggests that your home value will go up at least twice what it costs you to
install a PV system. If if these estimates are twice what they actually are, your house value will go up at least the amount you spent on the PV system. (See: Hoen, Ben, Ryan
$22,901
Wiser, Peter Cappers and Mark Thayer. 2011. An Analysis of the Effects of Residental Photovoltaic Energy Systems on Home Sales Prices in California. Ernest Orlando Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory. LBL-4476E. Download from http://eetd.lbl.gov/ea/emp/reports/lbnl-4476e.pdf.)
$28,354
Purchase Option
Gross System Cost (dollars)
30% Federal Income Tax Credit
DC Grant (click on "DC PV Grant Calculator" tab below).
SREC 10-Year Upfront Payment
Federal and District Income Tax Due on SREC Payment
Net System Cost (dollars)
Guestimated 10-Year Upfront SREC Price in Year 11
$34,320
$10,296
$7,740
$8,938
$1,698
$9,044
$0
amount of: (1) $1.50 for each of the first 3,000 installed
watts or watt-equivalents of capacity; (2) $1.00 for each of
the next 7,000 installed watts or watt-equivalents of
capacity; and (3) $0.50 for each of the next 10,000 installed
watts or watt-equivalents of capacity. No additional funding
will be provided for installed capacity above 20,000 watts. (If
you are already on the waiting list, you should not count on
3,240 being so in that the program is to expire at the end of 2012
unless extended by the DC Council.) The question as to
whether or not the DC rebate is federal and/or district
taxable income has been resolved to my satisfaction: it is not
taxable. However, I am not a tax professional, so please
consult your professional tax advisor.
0
Unless your nameplate rating is greater than 20,000 watts,
6,240 these two numbers should be the same. If nameplate rating
is greater than 20,000 watts, then nameplate watts eligible
6,240 for subsidy should total 20,000.
$7,740.00 on the main worksheet automatically. (The sum of your three
entries in the yellow boxes at left must total the total PV
How To Generally
Interpret
Vendor A
$4,672
$8,110
$0
$3,639
$7,278
$4,677
$7,747
$7,005
$9,044
$6,876
$3,639
na
na
$816
$516
$0
na
na
na
na
na
$444
na
na
3.9%
0.0%
0.0%
na
na
na
na
na
1.3%
$1.25
$1.96
na
na
na
$0.92
$2.15
$1.72
$1.45
$1.57
na
$1.08
$1.74
na
na
na
$0.86
$1.62
$1.29
$1.21
$1.30
na
Production Results
Nameplate Rating (DC Watts)
Percentage of Annual Consumption
Offset
3,750
4,140
4,140
4,140
4,140
5,060
3,600
4,080
6,240
4,478
na
92%
99%
99%
99%
99%
117%
102%
96%
159%
111%
na
12
10
10
11
Financial Results
16.23%
9.46% Err:523
9.20% 10.83% 20.35%
$7,431
$5,024 ($2,130) $2,579 $5,823 $10,571
Residential Property Value Increase
10.35%
$5,701
13.46%
$8,199
14.39%
$11,842
14.04%
$8,128
10.02%
$2,091
$22,500
$24,840
na
na
na
$30,360
$21,600 $24,480
$37,440
$26,870
na
$28,500
$31,464
na
na
na
$38,456
$27,360 $31,008
$47,424
$34,035
na
$13,296
$14,297
na
na
na
$16,802
$14,663 $16,653
$22,901
$16,435
na
$16,462
$17,701
na
na
na
$20,802
$18,155 $20,618
$28,354
$20,349
na
10
never
Astrum
Astrum
Tax Rate
10%
15%
25%
28%
36%
39.60%
Source: http://www.mydollarplan.com/tax-brackets/
Rates
Head of Household
Up to $12,250
$12,251 $46,750
$46,751 $120,700
$120,701 $216,800
$216,801 $383,350
Over $383,350
How To Generally
Interpret
Vendor A
$4,672
$8,110
$0
$3,639
$7,278
$4,677
$7,747
$7,005
$9,004
$6,876
$3,639
na
na
$816
$516
$0
na
na
na
na
na
$444
na
na
3.9%
0.0%
0.0%
na
na
na
na
na
1.3%
$1.25
$1.96
na
na
na
$0.92
$2.15
$1.72
$1.45
$1.57
na
$1.08
$1.74
na
na
na
$0.86
$1.62
$1.29
$1.21
$1.30
na
Production Results
Nameplate Rating (DC Watts)
Percentage of Annual Consumption
Offset
3,750
4,140
4,140
4,140
4,140
5,060
3,600
4,080
6,240
4,478
na
92%
99%
99%
99%
99%
117%
102%
96%
159%
111%
na
12
10
10
11
Financial Results
16.23%
9.46% Err:523 29.20% 10.83% 20.35%
$7,431
$5,024 ($2,130) $2,579 $5,823 $10,571
Residential Property Value Increase
10.35%
$5,701
13.46%
$8,199
14.39%
$11,842
14.04%
$8,128
10.02%
$2,091
$22,500
$24,840
na
na
na
$30,360
$31,600 $24,480
$37,440
$26,870
na
$28,500
$31,464
na
na
na
$38,456
$27,360 $31,008
$47,424
$34,035
na
$13,296
$14,297
na
na
na
$16,802
$14,663 $16,653
$22,901
$16,435
na
$16,462
$17,701
na
na
na
$20,802
$1,815 $20,618
$28,354
$20,349
na
10
never