Welcome to the
OSHAS Training
By
Capt. R. Joshi
Individual responsibility
Joint occupational health and safety committee
Health and safety rules
Correct work procedures
Employee orientation
Training
Workplace inspections
Reporting and investigating accidents
Emergency procedures
Medical and first aid
Health and safety promotion
Workplace specific items
4.3.1 Planning for hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control
The organization shall establish, implement and maintain procedure(s) for
the ongoing identification, risk assessment and determination of necessary
controls.
In other words.....
The organization shall construct a (document) list that includes all work
hazards, risk assessment of each hazard, and the required measures for
controlling the risk of each hazard. The list shall at least include:
a). Hazards reported by the manufacturers of all material, equipment, and
tools used at the organization.
b). Hazards reported by workers
c). Hazards identified by incidents/accidents
d). Hazards identified by any non-conformances to safety standards,
regulations or other requirements
Products
Materials and their properties
Work processes and procedures
Equipment
Personnel
Workplace and location
Natural environment, climatic conditions
External / interested parties
Develop Controls
Implement Controls
Review Adequacy
of Controls
vPhysical
vChemical
vBiological
vErgonomics
Physical Hazards
Noise
Vibration
Radiation
Temperature
Pressure, Velocity, Height
Electricity
Physical characteristics
Chemical Hazards
v Explosives
v Flammable liquids
v Corrosives
v Oxidizing materials
v Toxic, carcinogenic, substances
v Gases and air particulate matter
Biological Hazards
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Ergonomic Hazards
A. Physical:
B. Environmental:
Poor
Poor
Poor
Poor
lighting, glare
ventilation
temperature control
humidity control
Ergonomic Hazards.
C. Psycho-social
Elimination and substitution, while most effective at reducing hazards, also tend to
be the most difficult to implement in an existing process.
If the process is still at the design or development stage, elimination and
substitution of hazards may be inexpensive and simple to implement. For an
existing process, major changes in equipment and procedures may be required to
eliminate or substitute for a hazard.
Engineering Controls involve changes in the physical features of the workplace.
When engineering solutions are not feasible, administrative controls offer
methods to reduce the exposure of workers to the identified hazard.
If administrative controls are not available, work practice controls should be
considered and finally personal protective equipment (PPE).
The preferred method for controlling ergonomics hazards is through engineering
techniques. When the design of the workplace reduces the magnitude of risk
factors, the likelihood of injury/illness is lessened.
As an example Engineering controls might include changing the weight of objects,
changing work surface heights, or purchasing lifting aids.
As an example for hearing loss prevention purposes, engineering controls are defined as any
modification or replacement of equipment, or related physical change at the noise source or along
the transmission path that reduces the noise level at the employee's ear.
Please note that hearing protectors do not constitute an Engineering control.
Typical engineering controls will involve:
1. Reducing noise at the source - Installing a muffler.
2. Interrupting the noise path - Erecting acoustical enclosures and barriers
3. Reducing reverberation - Installing sound absorbing material.
4. Reducing structure-borne vibration - Installing vibration pads and providing proper lubrication.
To use this example for explaining how OSH works let us say we install a sound proof booth for the
above then what aspects shall we require to address??
1.
Work posture (sitting, standing, bending)
2.
Environmental factors must be considered.
3.
EF = Lighting, heating, and cooling must ensure comfort and be sufficient to prevent reduction in
efficiency and work quality.
4.
Enclosures should be of adequate size.
5.
The Enclosure must have enough window area to prevent claustrophobia.
6.
The windows should be positioned carefully to enhance proper usage by employees.
7.
The window glass may need to be tilted to prevent glare.
More requirements
Identify
Hazards & Risks
Employees
Hearing,
Eyes/ Sight,
Body/ limbs,
Lungs,
Long term health
Identify
Legal Requirements
Your Business
Routine activities
Non-routine activities
Activities involving
employees
visitors & contractors
Regulatory
National
Municipal
Determine
OH&S Objectives
Mgmt Resp.
& Review
OH & S
Planning
Emergency
Preparedness
Information
Flow & control
Operational
Control
Record
Mgmt
Consultation &
Communication
Training
Internal
Audits
1. What is OSH ?
An Occupational Safety and Health Management
System.
2. What are the main points?
Conditions and factors that affect or could affect the
safety and health of employees, Or other workers,
visitors or other person at the workplace.
3. How is it done?
By Hazard identification, Risk assessment, risk
mitigation corrective preventive actions & control
measures.
4. What is preventive action?
Action to prevent occurrence.