INDUSTRIAL TRAINING INSTITUTE

BERHAMPUR

SPLIT OF SYLLABUS
TRADE WIRE MAN

1st SEMISTAR

CHAPTER-1 SAFETY FROM ELECTRICITY &TOOLS

1. What do you understand by safety precaution ?

Ans- There are certain laws of safety for working on electrical installations. Accidents may be prevented
by adopting these safety laws; otherwise injury may occur due to heavy shock, As such warnings are
given: safety ends Accident begins.
2. How many types of safety precautions are there ?
Ans- There are three types of safety precautions such as: (1) self safety.(2)machines and tools
safety.(3)work place safety .
3. What is meant by electric shock ?
Ans- When electric current suddenly passes through the mans body, he feels electric shock, causing
contraction in the system of the body. Heavy pain nerves strain produced may stop heart beating, causing
death .
4. Which points should be kept in mind to prevent electric shock ?
Ans- (1) Do not leave wire joints naked, wrap insulation tape on them. (2) Do not uses burnt wire or
instruments.(3) Insulate the metallic parts of the instruments and equipments and if possible connect them
to earth wire .
5. What action should be taken on getting shock ?
Ans- Immediately cut-off the electric line from main switch. if main switch is at distance then use dry
wood stick and pull away the effected person .
6. Which are the main causes of getting electrical equipments fire ?
Ans- (1) Loose circuit connection. (2) under size wire is used. (3) socket outlet is low amperage .
7. How is the fire extinguished in electrical installation ?
The fire is extinguished by the fire extinguished in electrical installation. If it is not available then cover the
fire with dry sand, earth and cut-off the electric supply .
8. Can electric fire be extinguished by water ?
Ans- No, because water is good conductor of electricity .
9. What is meant by fire extinguisher ?
Ans- An instrument used to extinguish the fire, is called fire extinguisher. Fire could be stopped quickly
by using this equipment.
10. Why is only C.T.C. fire extinguisher used to shut off the electricity fire ?
Ans- Because the chemical produced by it e.g. carbon-tetrachloride works as insulator which prevents
electric shock to the operator .
11. Which type of fire extinguisher should be used to shut off petrol or any oil fire ?
Ans- Foam type (class-B) extinguisher should be used.
12. Which safety precautions should be adopted by electrician during the work ?

Ans- The precautions should be used are :

(1) Be careful.
(2) cut off the main switch before starting work .
(3) Do not play with or work on running electrical equipments machines.
(4) Use insulated hand gloves and tools if required to work on live line .
(5)Never touch naked wire with naked hand .
13. What precautions should be adopted when required to transfer running electrical machine ?
Ans- Disconnect the machine from power point and hand it cautiously to avoid any possibility of electric
shock .
14. Which type of tools should be used to work on live lines ?
Ans- Tools having good quality insulation should be used .
15. What is the harm in connecting wire lead of an equipment without plug ?
Ans- Wire will remain loose in plug hole and cause spark which may damage the shocket .
16. What precautions should be taken to replace burnt fuse ?
Ans- cut off the electricity in the line or switch off the main .
17. What precaution is necessary while connecting a electric equipment with the electric supply ?
Ans- Be sure that the equipment has proper earth connection and nobody is working on the equipment .
18. Should a live wire be connected to a switch ?
Ans- No. it may cause spark and damage the switch .
19. What is difference between Earth and Ground ?
Ans- In electricity earth means connecting an electric equipment with the earth at depth while ground
means connecting all parts of the moving vehicle equipment to its frame which is insulated by rubber tyres
or pads . Remember that ground has zero potential .
SAFETY FUSES
20. What is fuse ?
Ans- It is a metal wire, generally copper which is thinner than the main line wire. On high current it fuses
before the line and as such it prevents any damage to line or equipment .
21. What is fuse wire ?
Ans- It is thin wire made of generally lead and tin or copper un-insulated. Its melting temperature is low .
22. Which are the best metals for fuse wire ?
Ans- Lead,Tin,Copper and Silver are the best metals .
23. What is the harm from copper fuse wire without tin coating ?
Ans- On heating, copper oxidises slowly and melts early than the current rating .
24. What is the current rating of fuse wire ?
Ans- Fuse wire current rating is the capacity of fuse wire to carry current of designed circuit. It is always
less than the melting current of line wire .
25. What is meant by fusing current ?
Ans- It is the current at which fuse wire melts .
26. State names of different fuses .
Ans- (1) semi-enclosed kit-Kat type which is normally used.(2) cartridge fuse which is completely
closed.(3) H.R.C. fuse which can withstand high current for some time .
27. How to change fuse ?
Ans- First cut-off the electric line then replace the fuse wire .

28. If fuse is not connected in the electric circuit, what will happen ?
Ans- On occurring defect in line or increasing excessive current, wiring or equipment may burst or burn .
29. What is meant by H.R.C. fuse ?
Ans- H.R.C. means High Repturing capacity Fuse .It is cartridge fuse which has brass caps on both ends.
Silver wire is used in it which is covered with inflammable powder
30. Which number fuse wire should be used for 2.50 Amp,5 Amp. And 15 Amp. current ?
Ans- For 2.5Amp-39 SWG, For 5 Amp-33 SWG and For 15 Amp-26 SWG tin coated copper wire should
be used .
31. For 5 Amp. And 15 Amp. Line currents which rating fuse wire will be used?
Ans- 10 and 25 Ampere rating fuse wire should be used .
32. Which effect of electric energy works in melting fuse wire ?
Ans- Heating effect of electricity works in melting fuse wire .
33. Which fuse wire is costly; kit-kat or H.R.C.?
Ans- H.R.C. fuse wire is costly .
34. What are the reasons for fuse burn?
Ans- The following are reasons for fuse burn :
(1)Fuse being of wrong size .
(2)Defective connections .
(3)Loose connections and over loading of equipment .
(4)Instantaneous high current supply .
35. If butt joint fuse wire is used then at what current will it melt?
Ans- A little less than double current Amperage .
36. Which fuse wire will you recommend for house wiring and power installation?
Ans-For house wiring kit-Kat type rewirable and for power installations H.R.C. type .
37. In house which metal fuse wire is used? In industries which metal fuse wire is used?
Ans-Generally in houses alloy wire of lead and tin and in industries copper wire is used .
38. What is maximum amperage on which lead-tin alloy fuse wire will melt?
Ans-Maximum 5 Ampere .
39. Which fuse wire is used for the safety of valuable equipments and why?
Ans-H.R.C. fuse wire, because it is wholly closed and its current rating un-changed for long period .
40. Should separate fuse be fitted in the lines of each motor?
Ans-Yes sir. Because if two machines are connected with single fuse then on becoming one machine short,
fuse may not melt.
41. What will happen if fuse wire is connected with out porcelain covering?
Ans-If fuse wire is connected without porcelain covering, its spattering metal particles may cause fire to
near by goods after melting .
42. How will you find the cause of fuse fusion?
Ans-To find the cause of fuse fusion remember :
(1)Change the fused wire and if it is again fused quickly then any faulty. Get the fuse exists .
(2)Check the connections and if loose, tight them .
(3)If spark in the machine then machine wiring is faulty. Get the machine repaired .
INDIAN ELECTRICITY RULES
43. For what purpose electric supplier installs cut-out at consumer premises?

Ans-Under I.E.rule-31,it is necessary for the electricity supplier to install cut-out at consumer premises so
that due to instantaneous high current consumer installations are not damaged .
44. What safety precautions should be adopted while working on electric line or equipment?
Ans-Under I.E.rule-36, the following precautions should be taken when working on electricity line or
equipments:
(1)Insulated plier(2)Insulated screw driver (3)Rubber sheet or any dry cotton cloth on the
floor(4)Rubber boots (5) Bamboo or wooden ladder (6) Safety belt (7)Rubber hand gloves .
45. How will you know that switch is on positive phase?
Ans-Use test lamp and test switch terminals with earth wire or dip one wire in water pot placed on wooden
piece if it produces bubble in water then the wire is of positive phase otherwise negative .
46. While fitting pole fuse line man gets electric shock, falls down and dies. State which I.E. rule he
disobeyed?
Ans-I.E. Rule (36). He should have used hand gloves and safety belt .
47. Under I.E. Rules, what precautions should be adopted by the electric supplier to prevent such accidents?
Ans-If man gets electric shock do the following :
(1)Detach him from the wire with the help of dry cotton cloth or wooden stick .
(2)Make sure other men not to touch line wire and inform the supply station to cut-off the supply in .
the line .
(3)If incident occurred only 5or 7 minutes before, try to give him artificial respiration to restore his
breathing .
48. If man is un-concious and lying in a field.No doctor is available there. What help can you do for that
man?
Ans-First detach the man from the live wire and try to give him artificial respiration to restore his
breathing. This is to be done immediately otherwise with the passage of time possibility of his being alive
will lessen .
49. On completion of house wiring which tests a electrician should conduct?
Ans-Under I.E. Rule 47 he should conduct following tests.
(1)Insulation resistance test for(a)between earth and conductor(b)between conductors .
(2)Polarity test of switches.
(3)Un-breaked earth circle test.
(4)Resistance test of earth electrode .
50. What is understood by permissible current leakage?
Ans-Under I.E. Rule -48 Permissible current leakage is 0.0005th part of maximum installation current .
51. If installation maximum current is 15amp. Then what should be the permissible leakage current?
Ans- permissible leakage current
=0.0005maxm.current
=0.00050.0075Amp.
52. Why is neutral earthed in A.C. system? How is safety secured from it?
Ans-Under I.E. Rule -61 for medium voltage system earth connection of neutral wire is necessary .if not
connected on leakage of current and breaking of phase wire the fuse will not melt which may cause
accident to operator .
53. What should be the resistance of earth electrode?

Ans-Under I.E. Rule -61 each generator ,motor ,transformer and equipment frame should be earthed with
separate earth electrodes.
HAND TOOLS
54. What do you understand by electrical hand tools?
Ans-Those tools which are required to work by an electrician with electrician installations are called hand
tools .
55. State names of necessary tools for doing electrical work?
Ans-The necessary tools are :
(1)Screw driver
(2) Electrician plier
(3)Wood cutting hand saw
(4)Metal cutting
(5)Side cutting plier
(6)Nose plier
(7)Hammer
(8)Poker
(9)Electrician knife
(10)Chisel
56. In how many categories can hand tools be divided?
Ans-Hand tools are divided into four categories (1)Gripping tools (2)cutting tools(3)Supporting
tools(4)measuring tools
57. How many types of screw drivers are there?
Ans-Five types of drivers are (1) Standard screw driver (2) Heavy duty screw driver (3)Phillips screw
driver (4)Off-set screw driver (5) Ratchet screw driver .
58. For what work is nose plier used?
Ans-It is used to pull out screws and place screws in the deep holes, also to make knots and rings at wire
ends .
59. How many types of files are there?
Ans-There are two of file :
(1)On the basis of construction :Flat file ,Half round file ,Square file and knife file
(2)On the basis of cutting action: Bastared, Rough, Second cut Single cut , Double cut files .
60. How many types of hammers are there?
Ans-Hammers are of six types :(1)Ball pean hammer (2) cross pean hammer (3)Straight pean hammer
(4)Sledge hammer(5)Light hammer and (6) Stone hammer .
61. What is cold chisel and what work does it do?
Ans-It is used to cut cold state and also used to make holes in the walls .The hot chisel is used by
blacksmith to cut hot metals .
62. What do you know about firmer chisel?
Ans-It is only used to make square holes in the timber(wood).
63. What work does mallet do?
Ans- It is used for tin smithy work mainly on thin metal sheets .
64. Where is poker used?
Ans-It is used to make small pit in the wood for screwing screw or to make holes in thin sheets and
wooden planks.
65. For what work is piped vice used?
Ans-It is used to grip hold the pipe for doing cutting or threading operation .
66. State names of different typed of spanners and wrenches?

Ans-(1)Single ended (2)Double ended(3)Tubular and socket spanners (4)Adjustable pipe, chain(5)Tsocket.
67. What is pincer? Where is it used?
Ans- It is like tong which has bended nose and is used to draw out nails from the wood.
68. What precautions should be adopted in use of screw driver?
Ans- Its face or edge should not be rubbed. it should not have broken handle. It should not be use proper
size screw driver .
69. What precautions should be taken to maintain electrician plier?
Ans- The plier should be fully insulated .It should not be used as hammer and to cut iron or steel wires .
70. What precautions should be adopted in use of hammer?
Ans-Hammer handle should not be loose fitted because hammer may leave away the handle and may injury
any body. The handle should not be greasy or oily .
71. How is maintenance of tools done?
Ans-Store fine edged tools separately so that their working edge or face is not damaged .Use the tool only
for the work it is designed and made .use tools with proper handle ,Clean the tools and store them at their
proper place.
72. What precautions should be adopted in use of roll plug tool?
Ans-The size of the roll plug tool bit should be according to the size of roll plug .use the plug only to drill
hole in the stone or brick work. It is made of special fibre material .Do not use wooden plug in its place .
73. What precautions should be adopted in use of soldering iron?
Ans-Its bit should be tinned before soldering. Do not heat it more than required .Use proper and suitable
flux in soldering work .
74. How is wire gauge used?
Ans-It is round in shape and has different size slots on the periphery. On each slot its size is written. Each
slot has around hole at its end. To measure the size of wire insert the wire in the suitable slot and note the
size as written against slot .
75. What is sheet gauge?
Ans- It is just like wire gauge on which plate size and numbers are written .

CHAPTER-2 ELEMENTRY ELECTRICITY AND UNITS

76. What is the difference in molecule and Atom?
Ans- Molecule-The smallest portion of a substance capable of existing independently and retaining the
properties of the original substance is called molecule .
Atom-The smallest portion of an element which can take part in a chemical reaction is called Atom.
But its properties are different from that of Molecule and substance .
77. What is known about structure of Atom?
Ans-The atom consists of a positively charged central core the Nucleus surrounded by one or more
negatively charged planetary Electrons. All the mass of the atom resides in the nucleus which is
composed of two different types of stable particles of all most equal mass .
78. Whether electrons of external and orbits are attracted to the nucleus with equal force?
Ans-It is not so. The attracting force is inversely proportion to the radius of orbit i.e. if orbit radius is more
then force is less .

79. Whether electrons of an atom can move to other atom? If yes, then how?
Ans-Some external force is required to give motion to the electrons and that force is known as ElectroMotive-Force.
80. In a substance, movement of electrons is called what?
Ans-Electric current .
81. What is electricity?
Ans-It is a wave formed by the flow of electrons, It is unvisible but it can be known by some of its
properties, such as Heat effect, Magnetic effect and Chemical effect etc .
82. How many types of electricity are?
Ans- Electricity is of two types :
(1) Static electricity. (2) Dynamic electricity .
83. How many types of current are there?
Ans- Current is of two types :
(1) Direct current (D.C)
(2) Alternator current (A.C)
84. For which works is electricity used?
Ans- It is may be used for following works :(1) Light (2)Heat (3) Power (4) Telephone and Telegraphe (5) Electro-magnetes (6) Radio and T.V .
85. What is meant by electric current?
Ans-Movement of electrons in a conductor is known as current .
86. What is understood by voltage?
Ans-It is electric potential difference which causes flow of electric current . Its measuring unit is volt.
87. What is electric resistance?
Ans-Electric Resistance is the opposite force to resist current flow .
88. How is resistance classified?
Ans-The resistance is classified as under :
(1) Resistance less than two ohm is called Low resistance.
(2) Resistance from 2 to 500 ohm is called medium resistance.
(3) From 500 to 10,000 is known as High resistance .
(4) Resistance of Mega-ohm is called super high resistance.
89. What is do you understand by Electro-Motive-Force ?
Ans-It is the total voltage produced in generator or Alternator. E.M.F. is always more than the maximum
voltage supplied .
90. What is meant by specific resistance of a material?
Ans-Specific resistance is also called Resistivity. It is resistance between two surface of a substance .
91. What are the methods of measuring resistance?
Ans-Methods of measuring resistance are the following :(1) Volt meter and Ammeter method . (2) Wheet-stores method .
(3) Post office box method .
(4) Ohm meter instrument.
92. What is meant by conductance?
Ans-Conductance is the inverse of resistance .Its denominator is G and unit is MHO or G =1\R .
93. What is temperature co-efficient of resistance?
Ans-It is change of resistance for change of one degree temperature .

FUNDAMENTAL UNITS
94. What are fundamental units?
Ans-The fundamental units are the basic units. These can be divided in following three categories :
(1) Standard units (2) Absolute units (3) Practical units .
95. What are standard units?
Ans-A quantity is define briefly by two factors : one is number and other is units . such as if we say that
one bamboo is 1 meter long then one is the number and 1 meter is the unit .
96. What are absolute units?
Ans-In engineering industry some basic units are used .On the basic of which other units have been
derived, such as Length, Weight and Time etc units are known as absolute units .
97. How many systems of units are in practice for absolute and standard units?
Ans-The systems of units in practice are as following :
(1) C.G.S. System (2) F.P.S System (3) M.K.S System
98. What is meant by mass?
Ans-It is the quantity of a substance contained in body . It does not change of place or height because it is
not affected by the earth gravitational force .
99. What is weight?
Ans-It is a force in which a body of any substance is attracted towards earth centre .It changes in inverse
proportion to the distance of body from the earth centre .
100. What is understood by practical units?
Ans-In the year 1881, the electrical engineering units were defined and approved by the international
science congress which are known as practical units. It was done so because some of the absolute units
were impracticable for science and engineering calculations .
101. What is length?
Ans- Length is a quantity of being long measurement from end to end. Its units are such as in C.G.S
System- centimeter, in F.P.S System- Foot and in M.K.S. System meter .
102. What is meant by time?
Ans-It is a definite portion of time duration or existence as a succession of states .Its units in all unit
systems is Second.
ELECTRICAL UNITS
103. What is meant by Farad?
104. What is similarity between absolute and practical units of electricity?
105. Define coulomb.
106. What is Henry?
107. What is meant by Weber?
108. What do you understand by Resistance?
109. Is resistance of all the substances is equal?
110. In a conductor, flow of electrons is known what?
111. The force which induces flow of electrons, is known what?
112. Define E.M.F.
113. What are the units of E.M.F., Electric current and Resistance?
114. What is International system of units?
115. What is meant by International Ampere?

116. Define International volt.

117. What is International ohm?
118. What is meant by Specific resistance?
119. What is difference in potential Difference and Electro-Motive-Force?
120. What is relation between ohm and Micro-ohm?
121. What is meant by Amperage?
122. What is meant by full load current?
123. What is Force?
MECHANICAL UNITS OF M.K.S. SYSTEM
124. What do you understand by Newton Force?
125. What is work?
126. What do you understand by (Erg)?
127. What is Joule?
128. What is Watt?
129. What is meant by power?
130. What do you understand by Horse-power rating?
131. One horse power is equivalent to how many watts or kilo watts-meter?
132. What is called Energy?
133. State units of Energy.
134. Which are different types of Energy?
135. What is meant by Mechanical Energy?
136. What is Kinetic Energy of Rotation?
137. What are Newtons laws of motion?
138. What do you understand by Velocity?
139. What is meant by Uniform Velocity?
140. What is meant by Acceleration?
141. What are the equations of motion?
142. What do you understand by Momentum?
143. In the following numbers which one is bigger?
144. What is a circle, radius, chord, segment, diameter and sector?
145. What is () pai?

CHAPTER-3 OHMS LAW AND RESISTANCE

146. What is an electric circuit?
147. What do you understand by a close circuit?
148. What is an open circuit?
149. What is a short circuit?
150. To control an electric circuit what mechanism is employed?
151. Ohms law states relations in different electrical quantities, which are those quantities?
152. Define Ohms law.
RESISTANCE CIRUIT
153. What is meant by Resistances in series?

154. What are properties of series circuit ?

155. What do you understand by Parallel Circuit ?
156. What happens when resistances are connected in parallel ?
157. When two resistances are connected in parallel then what will be the total resistance ?
158. What are properties of parallel circuit ?
159. State in brief laws of parallel circuits ?
160. Describe kickoffs law ?
161. What are effects of electric current ?
162. How is current distributed in parallel circuit ?
163. What is shunt ?
164. What are the uses of shunt ?
HEATING EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT
165. What is heat ?
166. What do you understand by temperature ?
167. What is known by heat effect ?
168. Define joule laws ?
169. What is mechanical equivalent of heat ?
170. What is meant by calorie ?
171. What is meant by conservation of heat ?
172. What is British thermal unit ?
173. What is meant by centigrade heat unit ?
174. What is law of resistance ?
175. What is specific resistance ?
176. What is meant by temperature co-efficient ?
177. What is the effect of temperature on the resistance of metal ?
178. What is meant by wheat stone bridge ?
179. What are properties of a good insulator ?
180. What is dielectric ?
181. What is specific conductivity ?
CONDUCTOR AND INSULATORS
182. What is conductor ?
183. Conductors are of how many types ?
184. What is meant by insulator ?
185. Which are semi-conductors ?
186. What are qualities of a good insulating material ?
187. State names of such insulators which are mostly used in electric works ?
188. Compare copper and aluminum conductors ?
SOLDERING
189. What is hard solder ?
190. What is called brazing ?
191. What is flux ?
192. What is meant by soft solder?
193. What is soldering ?

194. What is solder ?

195. State names of different fluxes used in soldering ?
196. Element of electric soldering iron is made of which metal ?
197. Soldering iron is used in which work ?
198. What precaution s should be adopted while doing soldering ?
199. What is brazing solder ?

CHAPTER-4 A.C. CIRCUITS

200. How will quantities of current be known by ohms law in a A.C.circuit ?
201. Why is value of R (Resistance)same for A.C. & D.C. ?
202. Whether in a A.C. resistance circuit current (I) and voltage (V) remain in phase ?
203. What is ohms law formula in A.C. circuit ?
204. What do you understand by Impedance (z) ?
205. What do you understand by Admitance ?
206. What is Lenzs law ?
207. What is Flemings law ?
208. What is proportion in frequency and capacitive reactance of A.C. circuit ?
209. What is polyphase circuit ?
210. What is meant by Electric degrees ?
211. What is the principle of three phase system ?
212. What is difference in single phase and three phase motors ?
213. Why is neutral wire not used in three phase motors ?
214. What do you understand by three phase four wire supply ?
215. What is star connection ?
216. What is called delta connection ?
217. What are the advantages of star connections ?
218. What is star delta starter ?
219. What is balanced load ?
220. What is un-balanced load ?
221. How many methods are to measure power in three phase system ?
222. In A.C. circuit, what are watt-full and watt-less component ?

CHAPTER-5 MAGNETS AND ELECTRO-MAGNETISM

223. What is meant by magnet ?
224. Magnet are of how many types ?
225. Artificial magnets are of how many types ?
226. Permanent magnets are of how many types ?
227. Where are Permanent magnets used ?
228. How is temporary magnet made ?
229. What are the methods of making artificial magnets ?
230. How many poles are in a magnet ?

231. Which metals can be magnetised ?

232. What are known , diamagnetic substances ?
233. What is meant by Para-magnetic substance ?
234. How are magnets cared ?
235. How are magnet poles identified ?
236. What do you mean by north pole and south pole ?
237. What do you understand by magnetic attraction and magnetic repulsion ?
238. What is magnetic field ?
239. What do you mean by unit-pole ?
240. What is meant by magnetic lines of force ?
241. What is magnetic field strength ?
242. What do you understand by magnetic flux ?
243. What is meant by magnetic flux density ?
244. What do you understand by magneto-motive force ?
245. What is Ampere-turn (AT) ?
246. What is magnetic field intensity ?
247. What is called permeability ?
248. What is magnetic intensity ?
249. What is magnetic moment ?
250. What is susceptibility ?
251. What is magnetic saturation ?
252. What is induced magnetism ?
253. What is magnetic force ?
254. What are laws of magnetic force ?
255. What is called reluctance ?
256. What is meant by Hysterisis ?
257. What is compass ?
258. What do you understand by magnetic leakage ?
259. What do you mean by keeper ?
ELECTRO MAGNETIC INDUCTION
260. What do you mean by electro-magnetic induction ?
261. What are faradays laws of electro-magnetic induction ?
262. What is the value of induced e.m.f. in a conductor ?
263. What addition was made by Lenz in the faradays laws ?
264. What is Eddy current ?
265. What is called Inductance ? What is its unit ?
266. What is self inductance e.m.f. ?
267. What is mutually induced E.M.F ?
268. What is a solenoid ?
269. How is the polarity of solenoid known ?
270. What will be the work done in moving a conductor in the magnetic field ?

CHAPTER-6 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY CELLS

271. What do you mean by cell ?
272. Cells are of how many types ?
273. What known by primary cell ?
274. What do you understand by Electrode ?
275. What is known by an Anode and cathode ?
276. What is ION ?
277. What is known by Anion and cathion ?
278. What is local action in a cell and how can it be prevented ?
279. What is polarization ? How can it be prevented ?
280. What are the advantages of primary cell ?
281. State names of any five primary cells ?
282. What is e.m.f. of a dry cell ?
283. What is secondary cell ?
284. What is difference in primary cell and secondary cell ?
285. What do you understand by a battery ?
286. What are the main parts of a lead-acid cell ?
287. Secondary cells are of how many types ?
288. What chemical actions occur during charging and discharging a cell ?
289. What are lead acid cells used ?
290. What is difference in e.m.f. and terminal voltage ?
291. What do you known about watt hour efficiency of cell ?
292. What is meant by capacity of battery ?
293. What are methods of charging a Accumulator ?
294. What do you understand by sulphation of cell ?
295. How will you do maintenance of a secondary cell ?
296. What is meant by trickle charging ?
297. What are the chemical effects of electric current ?
298. What is electrolysis ?
299. State faradays laws of electrolysis ?
300. What do you understand by chemical equivalent ?
301. What is Electro-Chemical-Equivalent (E.C.E.) ?
302. What are other uses of Electrolysis ?
303. How is internal resistance known when the cells are connected in parallel order ?
304. How will battery be charged by static voltage method ?
305. how is battery charged by constant current method ?
306. What is high rate discharge cell-tester ?
307. What is Hydrometer ?
308. What is meant by cell-efficiency ?
309. What is bucking of plates ?
310. What do you understand by sedimentation ?
311. How will you find terminal polarity of a battery ?

CHAPTER-7 D.C. GENERATOR OR DYNAMO

312. How is e.m.f. produced in a conductor ? On which points do its value and direction depend ?
313. What is generator ?
314. In which unit capacity of the generator is stated ?
315. What is the principle of working of a generator ?
316. How will you find the direction of induced e.m.f. and current in a generator ?
317. Which are the main parts of a D.C. generator or Dynamo ?
318. State names of those parts which constitute magnetic circuit ?
319. State names of those parts which produce electricity ?
320. What is the function of Yoke in a D.C. generator ?
321. Ina generator how many types of pole shoes are used ?
322. How are poles fitted with the body or yoke ?
323. Which type conductors are used in the field coils ?
324. What is the work of field coil in a D.C. generator ?
325. Why is armature core used ?
326. Why is armature core made of laminated iron ?
327. Why are holes made in armature core ?
328. Which type conductors are used for Armature winding ?
329. What is the function of commutator in a generator ?
330. Which metal is used to manufacture bushes and why ?
331. What do you understand by Armature reaction ?
332. What are the effects of Armature reaction ?
333. What are inter poles ?
334. What are functions of inter poles ?
335. D.C. generators are of how many types on the basis of field excitation ?
336. What do you understand by separately excited generator ?
337. What do you understand by shunt generator ?
338. What do you understand by series generator ?
339. What do you understand by compound generator ?
340. State types of self-excited generators ?
341. How many types of D.C. compound generators are ?
342. What is commulative compound generator ?
343. What is differentially compound generator ?
344. What is short shunt compound generator ?
345. What is long shunt compound generator ?
346. What are the uses of D.C. series generators ?
347. Which D.C. generator will you use when voltage increases as load increases ?
348. How does self-excited generator work in initial stage ?
349. Where is shunt generator used ?
350. Where are compound generators used ?
351. On what factor does E.M.F produced in generator depend ?
352. For generator what is the e.m.f. equation ?

353. What is Flemings Right hand rule ?

354. What are total losses in D.C. generator ?
355. What is Hystersis loss ?
356. What is eddy current loss ?
357. What are stray losses ?
358. What are continuous losses in generator ?
359. What are variable losses in generator ?
360. What is meant by mechanical Efficiency of a D.C. generator ?
361. What is meant by electrical Efficiency of a D.C. generator ?
362. What is meant by over all or commercial efficiency ?
363. What are the conditions for highest efficiency of D.C. generator ?
364. What is meant by Armature reaction ?
365. What are the effects of armature reaction ?
366. What is magnetic neutral axis ?
367. What is geometrical neutral axis ?
368. What is trailing pole tip ?
369. What is compensating winding ?
370. What is commutation ?
371. What is commutation period ?
372. What is the inter pole polarity in comparision to main pole in a generators ?
373. What do you understand by parallel operation of generator ?
374. What are condition for parallel operation ?
375. What are the advantages of operating generators in parallel ?
376. What is the function of equilising bus bar in running the compound generators in parallel ?
377. What will be the effect if shunt generator load resistance becomes too less ?
378. What do you mean by no-load saturation characteristic?
379. What do you understand by internal or total characteristic ?
380. What do you understand by external or total characteristic ?
381. What may be the defect if one generator is unable to produce voltage ?
382. What are the causes of sparking at commutator ?
383. Why does generator become hot on running ?
384. Why does a D.C. generator produce sound ?
385. Why is the necessary to keep mica insulation lower between the commutator segments ?
386. What are the characteristics of D.C. generator ?
387. What are the conditions for self excitation ?

CHAPTER-8 D.C. MOTORS

388. What is called D.C. motor ?
389. Compare work of D.C. generator and D.C. motor ?
390. State in brief the principle of a D.C. motor ?
391. What is called back e.m.f. ?
392. What is the law to known the direction of rotation of the motor ?

393. What is voltage equation of a D.C.motor ?

394. When is maximum power received in a D.C. motor ?
395. What is meant by torque ?
396. How is inter-pole polarity designed in D.C. motor ?
397. What is the equation of motor -speed ?
398. D.C. motors are of how many types ?
399. What are the types of compound motors ?
400. Which connections are mostly used to run compound motors ?
401. What is meant by D.C. shunt motor ?
402. Why do shunt motors run on constant speed ?
403. What is the back e.m.f. of a D.C motor at starting stage ?
404. How is armature current known in D.C. motor ?
405. When is maximum back e.m.f. produced in D.C. motor armature ?
406. What is speed regulation and how can it be known ?
407. States uses of D.C. shunt motors ?
408. What is meant by D.C. series motors ?
409. Where are D.C. series motors used ?
410. What is construction speciality of D.C. series motor ?
411. Why does D.C series motor attain dangerous speed at no-load state ?
412. What is meant by dangerous excess speed ?
413. What will be the value of starting torque of D.C. series motor ?
414. What do you understand by D.C . compound motor ?
415. What is meant by commulative compound motor ?
416. Where are commulative compound motor used ?
417. What do you understand by differentially compound motors ?
418. Where are differentially compound motors employed ?
419. What are main characteristics of D.C. motors ?
420. What are the advantages of shunt motor ?
421. What are the losses in D.C . motors ?
422. What is overall or commercial efficiency of D.C motor ?
423. What is electrical efficiency of a motor ?
424. What is mechanical efficiency of a motor ?
425. What are the methods for speed control of a D.C. motor ?
426. What is field control method ?
427. Explain armature current control method ?
428. Explain applied voltage control method ?
429. How is the speed of a series motor controlled ?
430. When does motor give shock ?
431. When does motor not start ?
432. What is known by motor starter ?
433. Why is one starter used to start a D.C. motor ?
434. What is the quantity of current received by the armature ?
435. Why are small motors connected directly to the supply lines without starter ?

436. What will happen, if a D.C. series motor is connected with same voltage A.C. supply ?
437. Which are the starters employed with D.C. shunt and compound motors ?
438. How many terminals are required to connect D.C. three point starter ?
439. What is the function of no-load release (N.V.R.) in D.C. starter ?
440. What is the function of over -load release in D.C. starter ?
441. Where is three point starter employed?
442. What is the necessity to make four points in the starter ?
443. With which terminals is four point starter connected with the motor ?
444. Where is four point starter employed ?
445. If motor field terminal is connected with armature terminal then that what will happen ?
446. What will happen if N.V.R. coil gets its circuit opened ?
447. What will happen if at the time of running in the D.Cmotor its shunt field is opened or dis-connected ?
448. In which circuit is starter resistance connected ?

CHAPTER-9 HOUSE WIRING AND EARTHING

449. What is meant by electrical wiring ?
450. According to the nature of work house wiring is of how many types ?
451. What do you understand by normal wiring of a house ?
452. What is domestic wiring ?
453. House wiring is of how many types ?
454. Which kind of timber is used to make batten and casing ?
455. How many power points can be fitted in a circuit ?
456. Conduit are of how many types ?
457. Which type conduit is used for wiring in industries ?
458. What is done to prevent casing-capping from moisture ?
459. Why is separate wiring system employed for light wiring and power wiring ?
460. In batten wiring ,why are more clips fitted near by in horizontal strip in comparision to vertical strip ?
461. Why are rubber or wooden bushes fitted at entrance and exit of wire in conduit wiring ?
462. On what distance should screws be fitted in casing-capping wiring ?
463. At what distance from roof should wiring be done ?
464. What should be the distance of link clips on batten ?
465. What should be the angle of turn in wiring ?
466. What should be the distance between saddles at conduit ?
467. Which wires are used to make earth connection in electric wiring ?
468. Should iron conduit be earthed ?
469. What is the harm in leaving fine edge at ends of conduit ?
470. Which are the fitting items for house wiring ?
471. State names of cables used for electric wiring ?
472. When is three plate ceiling rose used ?
473. Why is copper conductor of V.I.R. insulation wire tin plated ?
474. Three pin socket has earth pin comparatively thick, why ?
475. At what height should wiring and switch board be fitted ?

476. What should be the height of the fan from floor ?

477. As per Indian stranded (IS)how are colours used to indicate wires in the supply line ?
478. Why is switch used in electric wiring ?
479. State names of different types of switch ?
480. What are different capacities of switches ?
481. What is iron clad switch ?
482. Which type switches are used in house wiring ?
483. What is meant by tumbler switch ?
484. What is piano type switch ?
485. Where is two-way switch used ?
486. Where is intermediate switch used ?
487. What do you understand by single pole and two pole switches ?
488. Single through and double through switches, what way differ from each-other ?
489. Why is lamp holder used ?
490. Lamp holders are of how many types on the basis of cap design of bulbs ?
491. State names of different type lamp holders ?
492. What is the works of above holders ?
493. What is the work of wall socket ?
494. Plug tops are of how many types ?
495. What is ceiling rose ? where is it used ?
496. What is joint cut-out ?
497. What is the function of a fuse in a circuit ?
498. Fuses are of how many types ?
499. What is full name of H.R.S.fuse and what are its advantages ?
500. What is meant by joint less loop in wiring ?
501. What is jointed wiring ?
502. What is distribution box ?
503. What are the advantages of distribution box ?
504. What is porcelain cleat ?
505. What are the advantages of cleat wiring ?
506. What precautions should be adopted in doing cleat wiring ?
507. Where is wooden casing-capping wiring done ?
508. How is casing-capping wiring made ?
509. What precautions should be taken while doing casing-capping wiring ?
510. What are the disadvantages of casing-capping wiring ?
511. Which type joints are used in casing-capping wiring ?
512. What is meant by bridge joint ?
513. What is meant by wooden batten wiring ?
514. How are link clips fitted on wooden batten ?
515. How is batten fitted on walls ?
516. What are the advantages of batten wiring ?
517. Where should batten wiring not be used ?
518. What do you know about lead-covered wiring ?

519. How is lead-covered wiring done ?

520. What are the advantages of lead-covered wiring ?
521. What is meant by conduit wiring ?
522. What material and fittings are used in conduit wiring ?
523. Whether P.V.C. pipes can be used for conduit wiring ?
524. What are the advantages and disadvantages of conduit wiring ?
525. State possible defects in electric wiring ?
526. Write note on leakage fault in wiring ?
527. What are the causes for short circuit fault ?
528. What necessary test will you have before starting a new electrical installation ?
529. How will you perform resistance test of a wiring installation ?
530. How will you test insulation resistance of a new wiring installation ?
531. What do you understand by earthing ?
532. What is earth electrode ?
533. What do you understand by earthed object ?
534. What are the methods of earthing ?
535. What is earthing lead ?
536. What are the advantages of earthing ?
537. What are the disadvantages of plate earthing ?
538. When earth is not working properly then what will you do ?
539. What should be the resistance of a good earth electrode ?
540. What will happen if earth plate area is increased ?
541. Hw will you know the earth resistance ?
542. In A.C. system why is neutral earthed ?
543. At what distance from building should earth electrode be installed ?
544. What are various types of plastics used as insulating material ?

CHAPTER-10 DEFINATIONS AND CAPACITANCE ETC.

545. What is alternating current (A.C) ?
546. What is periodicity ?
547. What are electrical degrees in one A.C. cycle ?
548. A.C. of what frequency is used in our country ?
549. On what factor does frequency depend ?
550. What do you understand by a sine wave ?
551. What is alternation ?
552. What do you understand by one cycle and cycle ?
553. What is time period ?
554. What do you understand by frequency ?
555. What is root mean square value of A.C. ?
556. What is amplitude ?
557. What do you understand by instantaneous value ?
558. What is maximum value ?

559. What is average value ?

560. What is root mean square value ?
561. What do you understand by one alternating ampere ?
562. What do you understand by form factor ?
563. What do you understand by vector quantity ?
564. What is scalar quantity ?
565. What is meant by vector representation ?
566. What is phase ?
567. Define in phase word ?
568. What is meant by lagging current ?
569. What is leading current ?
570. What is meant by phase voltage ?
571. What is meant by phase current ?
572. What do you understand by line voltage and line current ?
573. Define resistance ?
574. What is meant by inductance ?
575. What is capacitor ?
576. What is meant by hertz or Hz ?
577. What do you understand by inductive resistance ?
578. What is true power ?
579. What is called Apparent power ?
580. What do you understand by power-factor ?
581. What will be the difference in power of A.C.circuit if when ?
582. What is meant impedance of A.C. circuit ?
583. What will be the impedance of a A.C.circuit having resistance, inductance and capacitance ?
584. What is the current of a A.C. circuit having resistance, inductance and capacitance ?
585. What is A.C. polyphase system ?
586. In three phase system, how are the phases connected to each-other ?
587. What is total power in three phase supply system ?
588. What is a condenser ?
589. What do you understand by capacity ?
590. What is relation between charge Q of capacitor and its produced voltage ?
591. What is capacity or capacitance of a condenser ?
592. What is di-electric strength ?
593. On what factors does di-electric strength depend ?
594. What is the unit of capacitor ?
595. What do you understand by micro-farad ?
596. define one farad ?
597. What is relation in charge (Q), voltage (V)and capacity(C)of a condenser ?
598. How many types of condensers are there ?
599. On what factors does capacity of a condenser depends ?
600. What is one coulomb charge ?
601. What purposes is capacitor used ?

602. How many farads are equal to one nano farad ?

603. What is the unit of stored energy in a capacitor ?
604. How is a capacitor charged ?
605. How is a capacitor discharged ?
606. What happens when nob is turned to tune the radio on any station ?
607. Why is capacitor connected in parallel to the fluorescent tube ?
608. Why is a tiny capacitor fitted in the starter of a fluorescent tube ?
609. Why is capacitor used in A.C.fans ?
610. Why is capacitor used with large motors in industries ?
611. How much less or more de-electric strength has a paper than the air ?
612. When with large motors is capacitor connected in series or in parallel ?
613. Why the cables twisted together and not kept in parallel ?
614. What is potential gradient ?
615. What is charge density ?
616. What is stray capacitance ?
617. What is meant by di-electric constant ?
618. What is the use of capacitors in electric works ?
619. Why is filter condenser made short before doing repair work on a electric equipment ?
620. What is break down potential of a capacitor ?
621. What are laws of Electrostatics ?

CHAPTER-11 TRANSFORMER
622. What is called Transformer ?
623. What is the working principle of transformer ?
624. If D.C. supply is given to the transformer then what will happen ?
625. What are main parts of transformer ?
626. Ina transformer to which coil is supply given ?
627. Which coil of transformer delivers the supply ?
628. What is the function of iron core in the transformer ?
629. Why is iron core made of laminated strips ?
630. Transformer cores are of how many types ?
631. How many types of transformers are there based on their uses ?
632. What will happen if core is removed from the transformer ?
633. Why are transformer core laminations made of silicon steel only ?
634. Transformer are of how many types on the basis of their phases ?
635. On the basis of location, transformers are of how many types ?
636. What are the types of transformers on the basis of their transformation ?
637. What do you understand by step-up transformer ?
638. What do you understand by step-down transformer ?
639. What is the angular phase difference between the windings of a transformer ?
640. What is meant by transformer ratio ?
641. What is the relation between primary ampere turns and secondary ampere turns ?

642. What is e.m.f equation of a transformer ?

643. When is core laminations are loose then what will happen ?
644. Which winding of a transformer is made of thick wire ?
645. What is whole day efficiency of a transformer ?
646. Why is transformer capacity shown in K.V.A ?
647. What do you understand by transformer rating ?
648. What is an ideal transformer ?
649. What is meant by power transformer ?
650. What is distribution transformer ?
651. What is lighting transformer ?
652. Why is transformer cooled ?
653. What systems are employed to cool the transformer ?
654. What is meant by natural o air cooling ?
655. How is transformer cooled by air blast ?
656. How is oil cooling done ?
657. What is meant by water cooling system ?
658. What is transformer oil ?
659. What is the function of transformer oil ?
660. What do you understand by transformer oil ?
661. What do you understand by fire point of transformer oil ?
662. What is meant by flesh point of transformer oil ?
663. Why is conservator tank fitted on the transformer ?
664. What is breather and why is it fitted ?
665. What is explosive vent release ?
666. Why is a tap changer fitted in transformer ?
667. What are the losses in a transformer ?
668. What is the difference between no-load flux and load flux ?
669. When load on secondary side is increased then what will be the effect on the primary side ?
670. How will you know the value of iron losses in the transformer ?
671. Why are copper losses left in open circuit no-load test ?
672. Why are iron losses left in short circuit test ?
673. What is an auto-transformer ?
674. Why is auto-transformer used on low voltage only ?
675. What are the advantages of auto-transformer ?
676. Where is auto-transformer used ?
677. How will you calculate the efficiency of auto-transformer ?
678. How will all day efficiency of a auto-transformer be known ?
679. What is transformer regulation ?
680. What is percentage voltage regulation of a transformer ?
681. Where are star star connections used ?
682. Where are delta delta connections used ?
683. Where are delta star connections used ?
684. Where are star delta connections used ?

685. Where are open delta connections used ?

686. Where are scout delta connections used ?
687. What is meant by parallel operation of the transformers ?
688. What are the conditions to run single phase two transformers in parallel ?
689. What are the conditions to run two transformers of 3-phase in parallel ?
690. What do you understand by instrument transformer ?
691. Instrument transformers are of how many types ?
692. What is the function of potential transformers ?
693. What is the function of current transformers ?
694. What precaution should be adopted while changing current transformer ?
695. What is the function of buchholz relay ?
696. What is relay ?
697. To use transformer safety which equipments are used ?

CHAPTER-12 A.C. GENERATOR OR ALTERNATOR

698. What do you understand by a Alternator ?
699. What is difference between Dynamo and Alternator ?
700. What is meant by prime mover ?
701. What are the sources to operate prime movers ?
702. What is the principle of alternator ?
703. How will you know the direction of induced current in an alternator ?
704. How many types of alternators are there ?
705. Which alternator is extensively used Rotating field or Rotating Armature ?
706. What is the nature of poles produced in a rotor ?
707. What are the advantages of rotating field type alternator ?
708. By which supply is alternator field excited ?
709. What is meant by exciting current ?
710. On what factor does voltage of alternator depend ?
711. Which type of alternators are employed for low and medium speeds ?
712. To produce high voltage, which type of alternators are employed ?
713. State main parts of an alternator ?
714. Why is stator core made by laminations ?
715. Which size slots are cut in the stator core of an alternator ?
716. How many types rotors are used in alternator ?
717. In which alternator are projected poles used ?
718. Which type rotors are used in high speed alternators ?
719. What do you understand by damping winding ?
720. Why is damping winding made in an alternator ?
721. How are field poles excited in an alternator ?
722. How is D.C.supply provided to the rotating field coils of an alternator ?
723. From which part of the rotating field of alternator is supply received ?
724. What will be the effect if excitation is increased to the field winding of an alternator ?

725. On what facto does frequency of A.C.produced by the alternator depend ?

726. State the formula for frequency of an alternator ?
727. How many types of winding are made in a three phase alternator ?
728. What are the methods of joining windings of three phase alternators ?
729. What is the equation of induced e.m.f. in alternator ?
730. What will be the effect if load is increased on the alternator ?
731. Why does terminal voltage vary with the load in an alternator ?
732. What is meant by voltage regulation of an alternator ?
733. What is the percentage (%) regulation of an alternator ?
734. How will you control the frequency of an alternator ?
735. What is meant by synchronizing of alternators ?
736. Why are alternators synchronised ?
737. What are the conditions to be fulfilled before synchronizing three phase alternators ?
738. What are the methods to synchronise the alternators ?
739. What is dark lamp method ?
740. What is bright lamp method ?
741. What is synchronouscope method ?
742. In which unit is output of the alternator expressed and why ?
743. What is meant by load sharing by alternator ?
744. What do you understand by hunting of alternators ?
745. What are the losses of alternator ?
746. How is alternator efficiency decided ?
747. What informations do you get from the name plate of an alternator ?
748. State names of controlling equipments which are fitted on the switch board of an alternator ?
749. What is the use of three phase alternator ?
750. State advantages of salient pole type rotor ?
751. Which are the indication marks for phase sequence ?

CHAPTER-13 A.C. 3-PHASE INDUCTION MOTORS

752. What is meant by alternating field ?
753. Why are motors named as induction motors ?
754. Why is it called induction motor ?
755. Why are 3-phase induction motors used so extensively ?
756. What are advantages of 3-phase induction motor ?
757. In these motors why are rotor slits made squai ?
758. 3-phase induction motors are of how many types ?
759. Why is rotor called squirrel cage ?
760. What are the main parts of A.C. 3-phase induction motor ?
761. Starter and rotor are made of which metal ?
762. What is the thickness of laminations ?
763. Which insulating substance is applied on the surface of laminations ?
764. Why is the double squirrel cage rotor employed ?

765. What do you know about wound rotor ?

766. What do you know about double squirrel cage induction motor ?
767. What type of slots are cut in wound rotor ?
768. Why are rotor slots not made parallel to shaft slots ?why are slots made inclined to one side ?
769. What do you understand by rotating magnetic field ?
770. What is called synchronous speed ?
771. Why does rotor of induction motor rotate ?
772. Why does 3-phase squirrel cage induction motor not run on full load ?
773. What arrangement is made in the motor to cool the rotor ?
774. Why do squirrel cage motors not rotate at synchronous speed ?
775. What is meant by slip ?
776. What is the simplest method to measure slip of induction motors ?
777. What is the percentage (%) slip in static condition of induction ?
778. What is relation between torque, rotor current and rotor power factor ?
779. What is relation between starting torque and supply voltage in an induction motor ?
780. How will you find the maximum starting torque of a 3-phase induction motor ?
781. Why has a squirrel cage induction motor weak starting torque ?
782. In what condition will starting torque of induction motor be maximum ?
783. Why has a slip ring motor high starting torque ?
784. What type of connection are made between stator and rotor of a slip ring motor ?
785. If supply voltage is changed then what will be the effect on the induction motor ?
786. If the number of poles are doubled in a motor then what will happen ?
787. What are the different methods for controlling speed of poly-phase induction motors ?
MOTOR STARTERS
788. What is motor starter ?
789. Why do induction motors take more current in starting ?
790. What are the different types of A.C. motor starters employed ?
791. What do you know about D.O.L. starter ?
792. Where is the star delta starter employed ?
793. How is the starting current minimized by the star-delta starter ?
794. What do you know about the auto-transformer starter ?
795. What is starting compensator ?
796. What do you know about slip ring motor starter ?
797. How will you use a starter on low voltage which is made for high voltage use ?
798. How is motor speed changed by Rheostat ?

CHAPTER-14 A.C. SINGLE PHASE MOTORS

799. What is meant by A.C. single phase motor ?
800. State names of A.C. single phase motors ?
801. Why is single phase motor not self stared ?
802. What arrangement should be made to make A.C. single phase motor self start ?
803. Why has starting winding less turns in comparison to the main winding ?

804. Why is starting winding placed in the upper portion of the slot ?
805. Single phase motors are how many types ?
806. State types of single phase induction motors ?
(1)SPLIT-PHASE(RESISTANCE START)
807. What is meant by name split phase motor ?
808. What are the methods to do phase splitting ?
809. What are the main parts of split phase motor ?
810. Why is centrifugal switch installed in split phase motor ?
(2)CAPACITOR STARTER MOTORS
811. What are capacitor starter motors ?
812. Why is capacitor starter fitted in the motor and where is if fitted ?
813. What is the type of rotor of capacitor starter motor ?
814. How many types of single phase capacitor motors are ?
815. What is a capacitor run motor ?
816. What is a capacitor run motor used ?
817. What is capacitor run and capacitor starter motor ?
818. What is the quality of a capacitor starter-capacitor run motor ?
819. What can be the defects of capacitor ?
820. How will you examine the defects of a capacitor ?
(3)SHADED POLE MOTOR
821. What is a shaded pole motor ?
822. Which type rotor is used in shaded pole motors ?
823. What is meant by shaded pole motor high starting torque ?
824. Where is shaded pole motor s used ?
825. How can speed of a shaded pole motor be changed ?
(4)UNIVERSAL MOTORS
826. What is an universal motor ?
827. Why is the motor called universal motor ?
828. Where is the compensating winding of universal motor used ?
829. Where are universal motor used ?
830. How can the speed of a universal motor be lowered ?
831. Where are universal motors employed ?
832. How can the speed of a universal motor be changed ?

(5)REPULSION MOTORS
833. What is a Repulsion motor ?
834. Repulsion motors are of how many types ?
835. What is a repulsion start induction run motor ?
836. What is repulsion induction motor ?
837. What are the uses of repulsion motor ?
838. Normally what defects can an A.C. single phase motor have ?
839. Can single phase motor be used on three phase ?

840. What H.P. Repulsion motor are made ?

841. How can the speed of following motors be reversed ?

CHAPTER-15 A.C. SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS

842. What is a synchronous motor ?
843. Why is motor called synchronous motor ?
844. State the types of the synchronous motor ?
845. What is the working principle of a synchronous motor ?
846. What is meant by hunting ?
847. What is called Retardation Angle ?
848. What are the advantages of a synchronous motor ?
849. What are the disadvantages of a synchronous motor ?
850. What will happen if load is increased on the motor ?
851. What are the characteristics of the synchronous motor ?
852. How can the synchronous motor be made self-starting ?

CHAPTER-16 WINDING OF ELECTRIC MACHINES

853. What is meant by winding of electric machine ?
854. What types of slots are made in the motors ?
855. Which type wires are used for electric motor winding ?
856. What size of wire is used for winding ?
857. Which insulating materials are used in winding ?
858. What is coil ?
859. What do you understand by winding conductor ?
D.C. ARMATURE WINDING
860. What is armature winding ?
861. What are main types of D.C armature winding ?
862. What is lap winding ?
863. What is wave winding ?
864. What is pole pitch ?
865. What is meant by coil pitch ?
866. What do you understand by front pitch ?
867. What do you understand by full pitch ?
868. What are long chord and short chord windings?
869. Why is short chord winding more liked ?
870. What is meant by coil connection and pole connection ?
871. What are types of lap winding and wave winding ?
872. What are necessary conditions of wave winding ?
873. What are the tests for D.C. armature defects ?
874. What is basket winding of D.C.motor ?
875. How will you do re-winding of an armature ?

WINDING OF SINGLE PHASE MOTORS

876. According to the supply phases A.C. windings are of how many types ?
877. Single phase motors are of how many types ?
TRHEE PHASE MOTOR WINDING
878. What is called three phase motor winding?
879. What is called coil side ?
880. What are concentrated and distributed winding ?
881. What are full pitch and short pitch ?
882. What are single layer and double later windings ?
883. What do you understand by long jumper and short jumper of winding ?

CHAPTER-17 ELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

884. What is meant by electrical measuring instruments ?
885. Which are the instruments to measure A.C. and D.C. quantities ?
886. Electrical instruments are of how many categories ?
887. What are secondary instruments ?
888. Secondary instruments are of how many types ?
889. What is indicating instrument ?
890. What is meant by damping torque ?
891. What is direction torque ?
892. Controlling torque is of how many types ?
893. Ammeter and voltmeter are of how many types ?
894. Watt-meter are of how many types ?
895. What is the working principle of moving type instruments ?
896. What is meant by shunt ?
897. What is electrodynamic meter or dynamometer type instrument ?
898. What do you know about Dynamometer type watt-meter ?

CHAPTER-18 LIGHT AND ILLUMINATION

899. What do you understand by light ?
900. What is the velocity of light wave ?
901. What is meant by lumen ?
902. What is called candle power ?
903. What do you understand by candle power or lumen intensity (I) ?
904. Which is the meter to measure Illumination ?
905. What is good Illumination ?
906. What is luminous Efficiency ?
907. What are the advantages of right Illumination ?
908. What are main parts of metal filament lamp ?
909. What are the sources of electric light ?
910. What do you understand by Incandescent lamp ?

911. What are the various sources of artificial light ?

912. On what principle does incandescent lamp work ?
913. State types of main lamps ?
914. What do you understand by coiled coil filament ?
915. What do you know about carbon filament lamp ?
916. Why is vacuum formed in the lamps ?
917. Why is gas filled in metal filament bulbs ?
918. What do you know about arc lamp ?
919. Where is Arc lamp used ?
920. What is the principle of gas discharge lamp ?
921. What is working principle of sodium vapour lamp ?
922. What are the advantages of electronic choke in comparison to ordinary choke ?
923. How will you exmine fluorescent tube ?
924. How does the fluorescent tube work ?
925. What is working principle of H.P.M.V. lamp ?
926. What precautions should be adopted before lighting mercury ware lamp ?
927. H.P.M.V . lamps are of how many types ?
928. Where is H.P.M.V . lamps are used ?
929. What do you know about neon lamp ?
930. What are the uses of neon tube ?
931. What do you know about neon tube ?
932. What is the Efficiency of neon sign lamp ?
933. What is the voltage limit of neon sign ?
934. What is the utility factor of a lamp ?
935. What is Lambasts cosine law ?
936. What is space Height ratio ?
937. What is Depreciation factor ?
938. What is lug or meter-candle ?
939. What is brightness ?

CHAPTER-19 ELECTRONICS
940. What is meant by word Electronics ?
941. What is meant by Electron ?
942. What are the physical processes for electronic conduction ?
943. What is electronic constant in M.K.S. unit ?
944. What is relation of the electron with the flow of current ?
945. What is called cathode ?
946. How many types of cathodes are used in Radio ?
947. What are directly heated filament cathodes ?
948. What is indirectly heated filament cathode ?
949. What do you understand by Anode ?
950. What is Electron tube ?

951. Why is Radio tube called valve ?

952. How will you classify the electron tube ?
953. What do you know about the construction of Diode tube ?
954. Write a short note about working of diode tube ?
955. What do you know about Half wave Rectifier ?
956. How does triode amplify the radio signals ?
957. What do you understand by power amplifier ?
958. Amplifier are of how many types ?
959. What is meant by voltage amplifier ?
960. Define semi-conductor ?
961. Semi-conductors are of how many types ?
962. What do you know about the capacitors used in the electronics ?
963. What is transistor ?
964. What do you know about sound ?
965. What are advantages and disadvantages of transistor ?

CHAPTER-20 CONVERTER, INVERTER & RECTIFIER

966. What do you understand by converter and Inverter ?
967. Converters are of how many types ?
968. What is a motor generator set ?
969. What are the advantages of a M.G.set ?
RECTIFIER
970. What is Rectifier ?
971. Rectifier are of how many types ?
972. Mercury Rectifier are of how many types ?
973. What do you know about Electrolytic Rectifier ?
974. Where are selenium Rectifiers used ?
975. What do you know about tungar Rectifier ?
976. Where are tungar Rectifiers used ?
977. What is working principle of mercury Arc Rectifier ?
978. Where is Mercury Arc Rectifier used ?

CHAPTER-21 GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION

979. How many types power stations are there ?
980. What are advantages and disadvantages of thermal power stations ?
981. What are advantages and disadvantages of Hydro-electric power stations ?
982. Which type of turbines are used in Hydro power station ?
983. State cooling methods for generators ?
984. Where is hydrogen cooling system used ?
985. What are the working advantages of centralization of power stations ?
986. What is synchronizing ?

987. What does terminal voltage of alternator vary ?

988. What are the transmission voltages in India ?
989. What are the methods of power transmission ?
990. Describe under-ground transmission system ?
991. What are the requirements for good transmission system ?
992. What are the disadvantages of overhead transmission lines ?
993. What is function of distribution line ?
994. What do you understand by skin effect ?
995. What do you understand by grid system ?
996. What is meant by vertical wire line ?
997. What are the causes for failure of Insulators ?

CHAPTER-22 DOMESTIC ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES

998. What is function of relay ?
1000.Normally,which electrical appliances are used in the houses ?