All Around Us Qabeelat Ihsaan

CONTENTS
Religion
Nature
Battles
Social Issues
Worship
Knowledge & Ignorance
Nature
Wealth
Social Issues
Power & Leadership
CONTENTS
Minor Signs Yet To Comeee
67. mn Becomes Rare
67. mn Becomes Rare

Worship & Knowledge
69. Destruction Of Kabah
70. Lifting Of The Qurn
71. A Single Sajdah Is Better Than The World
72. Return To Idol Worship
73. No More La Ilha Illallh
74. Removal Of Mountains
75. Animals & Inanimate Objects Speaking
Nature
77. The Euphrates Revealing A Mountain Of Gold
78. The Breeze Which Will Take The Soul Of The Believers
79. Madnah Expelling Its Evil Residents
80. Ruin Of Madnah
81. A Ruler From The Tribe Of Qan
Power & Leadership
83. Ruin Of The rmy Wanting To Destroy The Kabah
85. Conquering Of Constantinople
86. The Muslims Going To Shm
87. The Mahd
MAJOR SIGNS OF THE HOURee
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii. The Beast
ix.
x.
THE END OF TIMEee.
CONCLUSIONee
INTRODUCTION
Destination: Home
And he who believed said, "O my people, follow
me, I will guide you to the way of right conduct.
O my people, this worldly life is only [temporary]
enjoyment, and indeed, the Hereafter - that is

the home of [permanent] settlement.
Al-Ghfir 40: 38-39
bdullah ibn Umar (r.a.) narrated that the
Prophet (s.a.w.) said: Be in the world as though
you were a stranger or a wayfarer.
Ibn Umar (r.a.) used to say:
At evening do not expect [to live till] morning,
and at morning do not expect [to live till]
evening. Take from your health for your illness
and from your life for your death.
Bukhri
bdullh ibn Masd (r.a.) narrated: The
Messenger of llh (s.a.w.) slept on a straw mat
and when he got up he had a mark on his side.
We said, Messenger of llh, we could make a
covering for you? He said, What have I to do
with this world? I am only in this world like a
rider who seeks shade under a tree and then
Tirmidh
INTRODUCTION
Huma:n Nature
Attracted to beauty
Focus on things that are pleasing and easy
Forget or ignore things that are difficult or disliked
It is easy for us to lose sight of our goal.
Signs and Reminders
Signs of the last day are placed all around us like signposts, which put things into
perspective and remind us of our destination while we are travelling on this earth.
It is very important that we recognize these signs, so that when we do see or encounter
them, we will benefit from them.
Difficulties and Trials

Why do we need to learn about the trials?
To recognize the signs
To prepare us
To know what action to take if it happens
udhayfah ibn Al-Yaman (r.a.)
companion of the Prophet (s.a.w.)
chosen as a judge by the Prophet
advised Uthmn to gather the Qurn into one standard version or otherwise the
ummah will be divided
would ask the Prophet (s.a.w) about trials and difficulties
People used to ask the Prophet (s.a.w.) about good things,
but I used to ask him about bad things because
Suratul-Kahf
One subject: Trials and how to overcome
Trial Of The
Religion
Companions of
the cave
gardens
We are encouraged to recite this srah weekly as a reminder about our challenges and
primary goals in life.
2
INTRODUCTION
Then do they await except that the Hour should
come upon them unexpectedly? But already
there have come [some of] its indications.
Then what good to them, when it has come,
will be their remembrance?
Muhammad 47: 18
Abu Zaid Àmr ibn Akhtab Al-Anri (r.a.) said:
"Rasulullh (s.a.w.) once led the Fajr alt after
which he ascended the pulpit and addressed us
till uhr alt. He alighted from the pulpit,
performed uhr alt and ascended the pulpit.
He then addressed us till r and descended
from the pulpit. He performed Salt and
ascended the mimbar. He then addressed us till
sunset. He informed us about those incidents
which had occurred as well as those which are
yet to occur. Those with stronger memories
amongst us remembered most of them."
Muslim
FIQH OF THE SIGNS OF THE HOUR

Belief in the Unseen
Belief in the Unseen is an attribute of the believers.
Belief in the Unseen is the first characteristic mentioned by llh about the pious people.
Why?
This is the Book (the Qurn), whereof
there is no doubt, a guidance to
those who are al-muttaqn.
Who believe in the ghaybe
in the prophets
in the judgement day
in fate and predestination
Al-Baqarah 2: 2-3
In the early days of dawah, the Prophet (s.a.w.) focused on the belief in llh.
The early revelations also focus on the unseen: Jannah, Hellfire, qiymah etc.
Ali (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
A person does not truly believe until s/he believes in four:
that none has the right to be worshipped except Allh and I
am His Messenger who He sent with the truth, believes in

death, resurrection after death and pre-destiny.
Tirmidh
The Prophet (s.a.w.) once talked about his ummah who believe in him
even though they never met him. He called them his brothers.
Anas ibn Malik (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said:
I wish I could see my brothers". The Companions asked,
" rent we your brothers O Prophet of llh?" He replied,
"No, you are my Companions. My brothers are those who
come after me and believe in me without seeing me.
Amad
4
Prophecies of the Unseen
bu Ms l- shri (r.a.) narrated that

the Prophet (s.a.w.) said regarding
: egive him
the glad tidings of Paradise after a trial
that shall befall him.
Bukhri & Muslim
During the Tabk expedition, the

Prophet (s.a.w.) said when he saw Abu
Dharr (r.a.) coming: "May llh have
mercy on Abu Dharr! He walks alone,
and he shall die alone, and he shall be
resurrected alone.
Ibn Isq

Belief In The Last Day
Belief in the Last Day is one of the six pillars of mn.
eand whosoever disbelieves in Allh, His Angels,
His Books, His Messengers, and the Last Day,
then indeed he has strayed far away.
An-Nis 4: 136
Belief in the last day is often paired with belief in llh:
Whoever believes in llh and the Last Daye
Why?
The other four pillars are connected to llh:
belief in His angels
belief in His books
belief in His prophets
belief in His decrees
whereas belief in the Last Day is not directly connected to llh.
6
They ask you, [O Muhammad], about the Hour:
when is its arrival? Say, "Its knowledge is only with
my Lord. None will reveal its time except Hime "
AlAbu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet
(s.a.w.) said: The best day on which the sun has
risen is Friday; on it dam was created, on it he
was made to enter Paradise, on it he was expelled
from it. And the last hour will take place on no day
other than Friday.
Muslim
A man asked the Prophet about the Hour (i.e. Day
of Judgment) saying, "When will the Hour be?"
The Prophet said,
"What have you prepared for it?"
Bukhri

Belief In The Signs Of The Hour
Part of belief in the Last Day.
Do they then wait for anything other than that the angels
should come to them, or that your Lord should come,
or that some of the Signs of your Lord should come!
The day that some of the Signs of your Lord do come,
no good will it do to a person to believe then, if he
believed not before, nor earned good through his Faith.
Say: Wait you! we (too) are waiting.
Al- nm 6: 158
Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
The Hour will not be established until the sun rises from
the West, so when the people see this they will believe,
but that is when faith will do no good to the one
who did not believe before.
Bukhri
8
What To Do When Something Is Incomprehensible To Us
Including
BELIEVE
What we do not understand (especially)
in all of the unseen
The Signs of the Hour authentically reported
to us.
llh had decreed everything since the beginning
of creations. He know what we do not, and He
know what is best for us.
KNOW
The Prophet (s.a.w.) said,

that everything which
takes place is from the
decree of llh
him, he is thankful for it and that is good for him.
If something bad happens to him, he bears it with
patience and that is good for him. [Muslim]
DON'T DENY
Simply because they seem incomprehensible.
any of those signs
DON'T
MISINTERPRET
give logic or
those signs as a result of
our own lack of
understanding
OUR
RESPONSIBILITY
is to have mn in them
9
Reasons For Misinterpreting The Signs Of The Hour
General Ignorance And
Lack Of Knowledge
We should know our level of
knowledge and avoid talking about
something unknown.
Using Weak Narrations And

Israelite Traditions, Etc.
We should always check the
authenticity of each narration.
If an Israelite tradition
concur with the Quran and Sunnah
accept it
contradict the Quran and Sunnah
reject it
not mentioned in the Quran and
Sunnah maintain silence
Examples Of Misinterpretation Of The Signs Of The Hour
The Mahdi
Every generation has people claiming to be the Mahdi.
Some think that they need to create a Mahdi.
The Dajjl
Some say the Dajjl is only a symbol, not a real person.
Some give specific time to which the Dajjl will appear even
though it is not mentioned in any narration.
10
Times Of Fitan & How To Live In Such Times
Testament of
Truthfulness
All of these signs are a
testament to the
truthfulness of the
Prophet (s.a.w.).
Example: The fall of
Constantinople.
Explicit and
Implicit Aspects
Some aspects of these
trials and signs are
explicit and others
aspects are implicit or
their full extent is
unknown.
Example: The
conquest of Quds is
explicit whereas some
aspects of the Beast
are unknown.
Example: The sign of
the Mahd is not a
ruling to create a
Mahd or find him.
11
Not
Always Evil
A particular text
showing a sign or trial
to come does not
necessitate that it is
evil or wrong.
Example: The dreams
of believers coming
true.
linked to the sign.
Ibn Ùmar (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
O llh! Bless our Sham and our Yemen. People said,
Our Najd as well. The Prophet again said, O llh!
Bless our Sham and Yemen. They said again, Our Najd
as well. On that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, There will
appear earthquakes and afflictions, and from
come out the side of the head of Satan.
Najd could mean
a place in Riyd
an elevated
Bukhri
Arabic)
ìshah (r.a.) narrated that some rough bed
used to visit the Prophet (s.a.w.) and ask him,
When will the Hour be? He would look at t
youngest of all of them and say, If this shou
till he is very old, your Hour will take place.
said the Hour
refers to death,
the lesser qiymah,
Bukhri
Day itself.
12
Not
Initiated
These signs will take
place as and when
llh decrees and are
not something which
can be initiated by us.
Example: A group of
people appointing a
person they consider
to be the Mahd.
Once, after the Prophet (s.a.w.) had questioned Ibn
ayyd, Umar (r.a.) said, O llh's Messenger (s.a.w.)!
Allow me to chop off h is neck. The Prophet (s.a.w.)
said, Should this person be him (i.e. Ad-Dajjl) then
you cannot over-power him; and should he be someone
else, then it will be no use you killing him.
BE STEADFAST!
What llh has
Bukhri
changed.
The Prophet (s.a.w.) was telling the companions about
the Dajjl when they asked: O Messenger of llh,
how long will he stay on earth? He (s.a.w) said: Forty
days, one day like a year, one day like a month, one day
like a week, and the rest of his days like your days.
They said: O Messenger of llh, on that day which is
like a year, will the prayers of one day suffic
He (s.a.w) said: Make an estimate of time.
were concerned
about how to
Ibn Mjah
during this trial.
13
How To Live & Interact With The Signs Of The Hour
The Signs
Should increase
our knowledge
and good deeds.
Day of Judgement.
Stay away from trials;

do not engange
with them.
Do not test your mn.
Imrn ibn Husayn (r.a.) narrated
that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said:
Let him who hears of the Dajjl
(Antichrist) go far from him for
I swear by llh that a man will
come to him thinking he is a
believer and follow him because
of confused ideas roused
in him by him.
bu Dwd
Have patience
Trust in llh
Return to Him
Know that victory is for the pious
14
Categories Of The Signs Of The Hour
Signs of
the Hour
Minor
Signs
Past
Scale
groups.
Sequence
Some take place well before
the Day of Judgement.
Some take place up until the
first of the major signs occurs.
Some continue to take place
alongside the major signs.
Time to
Qiymah
Length
place and come to an end.
Some others can be on-going
for some time.
Some others are still to come.
15
udhayfah ibn Usaid Ghifari (r.a.)

reported: llhs Messenger (s.a.w.)
came to us all of a sudden as we were
(busy in a discussion). He said:
What do you discuss about? They
(the Companions) said, We are
discussing about the Last Hour.
Thereupon he said: It will not come
until you see ten signs before and he
made a mention of the smoke, Dajjl,
the beast, the rising of the sun from the
west, the descent of s ibn Maryam
(a.s.), the Yajj and Majj, and landslidings in three places, one in the east,
one in the west and one in Arabia, at
the end of which fire would burn forth
from Yemen, and would drive people to
the place of their assembly.
Muslim
MINOR SIGNS WHICH HAVE PASSED

RELIGION
Prophethood & Death Of The Prophet (s.a.w.)
Death Of The Companions
Emergence Of Khawrij
BATTLES
The Battle Of Siffn

Conquering Of Quds
Conquering Of Egypt
Conquering Of India
Fighting The Mongols
NATURE
The Splitting Of The Moon

Plagues
A Fire In The Hijz Region
SOCIAL ISSUES
A Slave Girl Giving Birth To Her Master
Prevalence Of Safety & Security
17
1
The coming of the Prophet (s.a.w.) and his death are the first signs of the Hour.
Anas ibn Mlik (r.a.) narrated, The Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
The Hour and I have been sent like these two;
like one over the other, and he then joined
his forefinger and middle finger together.
Bukhri & Muslim
Awf ibn Mlik (r.a.) narrated that he came to
the Prophet (s.a.w.) in his tent during the Battle of Tabk,
and he (s.a.w.) said, Count six before the Hour: my deathe
Bukhri
llh (s.w.t.) prepared the companions for the passing of the Prophet (s.a.w.).
Ibn bbs (r.a.) reported that when Srah n-Nar was
revealed, the Prophet (s.a.w.) said that he had been
informed of his death and his time had approached.
Amad, Ibn Jarr, Ibn Al-Mundhir, Ibn Marduyah

Abu Sad Al-Khudri (r.a.) narrated: The Prophet (s.a.w.)
addressed the people saying: Allh has given option to a
slave to choose this world or what is with Him. The slave has
chosen what is with Allh. Abu Bakr (r.a.) wept, and we were
astonished at his weeping caused by what the Prophet
(s.a.w.) mentioned as to a Slave (of llh) who had been
offered a choice, (we learned later on) that Allh's Apostle
(s.a.w.) himself was the person who was given the choice,
and that Abu Bakr (r.a.) knew best of all of us.
Bukhri & Muslim
Abdullh Ibn Masd (r.a.) said: I went to see the Prophet
(s.a.w.)[during his death sickness] and found him suffering
from intense pain, so I put my hand on him and said:
O Messenger of Allh! Indeed you are suffering from intense
pain. He replied: Yes, I suffer twice as much as anyone else
would. I asked: Will you get double the reward? He
replied: Yes. Then he said to me: llh will remove sins,
just as a tree sheds its leaves, for any Muslim who is afflicted
with sickness or any other tribulation.
Bukhri & Muslim
Anas ibn Mlik (r.a.) narrated: When the Prophet (s.a.w.)
became gravely ill, he began to lose consciousness, so his
daughter Fimah (r.a.) exclaimed: What extreme pain my
father is suffering! The Prophet (s.a.w.) heard this and
said: Your father will never suffer again after today.
Bukhri

Anas ibn Mlik (r.a.) said: I have never witnessed a brighter
day than when the Prophet (s.a.w.) entered Madnah with
Abu Bakr (r.a.) and I was present at the death of the Prophet
(s.a.w.) and have never witnessed a gloomier day than that.
Amad
Verily, you will die,
Muhammad is not but a messenger.
[Other] messengers have passed on
before him. So if he was to die or be
killed, would you turn back on your

heels [to unbelief]? And he who
turns back on his heels will never
harm llh at all; but llh will
reward the grateful.
li Imrn 3: 144
When the companions heard about the death of the Prophet (s.a.w.), they could not believe
the news, including Umar (r.a.).
Abu Bakr (r.a.) said, Whoever worships Muhammad (s.a.w.) should know that Muhammad
(s.a.w.) died. Whoever worships llh should know that llh is Hayy (immortal).
He then quoted the verse from Srah li Imrn.
Ibn Abbas (r.a.) said, By llh it sounded as if people had never heard such a Qurnic
verse till Abu Bakr recited it as a reminder. So people started reciting it till there was no man
who did not recite it.
Ibn Al-Musayyab said that 'Umar (r.a.) had said, By llh as soon as I heard Abu Bakr say it,
I fell down to the ground. I felt as if my legs had been unable to carry me so I collapsed
when I heard him say it. Only then did I realize that Muhammad (s.a.w.) had really died.
[Bukhri]
Abu Bakr (r.a.) also quoted the verse from Srah Az-Zumar to remind the companions.
20
The death of Rasulullh (s.a.w.) was the worst trial that we ever had.
The Prophet (s.a.w.) informed us that his death would be a
great disaster by saying: O people! If any believer is afflicted
by a disaster, let him remember the disaster of my death, so
that this may give him ease, as nobody will be afflicted with a
disaster which is greater than that of my death.
Ibn Mjah
Why?
Because the revelation stopped coming.
This religion is based upon knowledge.

The first revelation, Iqra, shows the importance of knowledge.
llh also mention revelation or knowledge first before He mention about creation in
several places in the Qurn.
Recite in the name of your
Lord who created.
Al- laq 96: 1
Once revelation stop coming, people will lose knowledge of the Qurn.
The further we are from the generation of the Prophet (s.a.w.), the less knowledge we have.
When Qiymah is near, llh will raise the Qurn.
The people will go back to idol worship. The shahdah, to them, is something that their
forefathers used to say, and they do not understand it.
21
2
Abu Ms (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
The stars are the guardians of the skies, and when they go
there will come upon the skies that which has been
promised. I am the guardian for my companions and when I
go, there will come upon my companions that which has
been promised. My companions are the guardians for my
ummah, and when they go there will come upon my ummah
that which it has been promised.
Muslim
Ùthmn ibn Madh'un (r.a.) said: The Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
This one is the lock upon the fitnah (sedition and trials),
and he indicated Umar (r.a.) with his hand. There will
remain a door strongly locked between you and the fitnah
as long as this one lives among you.
Al-Bazzar
The Gates Of The Ummah
The companions (r.a.) preserved:
The sunnah of the Prophet (s.a.w.)
The knowledge that the Prophet (s.a.w.) taught them

When they died, more and more trials befell the Muslims.
Lack of knowledge
Lack of action
Lack of good characters
Lack of respect

bdullah ibn mr ibn Al- s (r.a.) reported llhs
Messenger (s.a.w.) as saying: Verily, llh does not take
away knowledge by snatching it from the people but He
takes away knowledge by taking away the scholars, so that
when He leaves no learned person, people turn to the
ignorant as their leaders; then they are asked to deliver
religious verdicts and they deliver them without knowledge,
they go astray, and lead others astray.
Bukhri & Muslim
llh will not erase knowledge in one night, but through the death of scholars.
The [Lost] Knowledge of Imam At-Tabari
Imam A-abaris students requested him to write a commentary of the Qurn.
When he told them he wanted to produce a 30,000-page tafsr, the students were stunned
and worried that they would not be able to complete the task.
He then restricted his tafsr to 3,000 pages.
The resulting book, Jmi Al-Bayn n Tawl y Al-Qurn or better known as Tafsr abari, is one of the best and greatest Tafsr ever produced.
Imagine having a commentary of the Qurn 10 times the size of Tafsr -abari.
A lot of Imam A-abaris knowledge regarding the Qurn was lost once he died.
Revelation
stopped.
died.
23
3
Abdullh ibn Masd (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, There
will emerge towards the end of time a people who are young in age and
immature in thought. They will recite the Qurn but it will not pass beyond
their throats, and they will narrate from the sayings of the best of creation.
They will pass out of this religion just as an arrow shoots out of the bow.
Bukhri & Muslim
Root word:
Kharaja
To break away/come out
Khawrij is the plural of khrij, which means people who rebel.
Rasulullh (s.a.w.) spoke to the companions about the characteristics of the Khawrij in this
adth when a man accused him (s.a.w.) of not being just:
bu Sad Al-Khudri reported: When we were in the company of the
Messenger of llh (s.a.w.) and he was distributing the spoils of war, there
came to him Dhul-Khuwasira, one of Banu Tamim. He said: Messenger of
llh, do justice. Upon this the Messenger of llh (s.a.w.) said: Woe be
upon you! Who would do justice, if I do not do justice? You would be
unsuccessful and incurring a loss, if I do not do justice. Upon this Umar ibn
Khab (r.a.) said: Messenger of llh, permit me to strike off his neck.
The Messenger of llh (s.a.w.) said: Leave him, for he has friends (who
would outwardly look to be so religious and pious) that everyone among
you would consider his prayer insignificant as compared with their prayer,
and his fast as compared with their fasts. They would recite the Qur'an but it
would not go beyond their collarbones. They would pass through (the
teachings of Islam so hurriedly) just as the arrow passes through the prey
e
Muslim
24
The History of The Khawrij
Uthmn (r.a.)
was assassinated
What about
the assassins?
Leave them
li (r.a.)
and his supporters
Battle of iffn
Reconciliation
Thousands of army
from lis (r.a.)
camp rebelled

The Reasons for Rebellion
bdullh ibn bbs (r.a.) went to speak to the Khawrij, even though li (r.a.) advised him
not to go as he feared for Ibn bbs life as the Khawrij were ignorant people.
The Khawrij gave 3 reasons
for their rebellion:
1. li (r.a.) use people as
judges and for ruling
instead of llhs rule.
For example in Srah An-Nis 4: 35:
nd if you fear dissension between the two,
send an arbitrator from his people and an
arbitrator from her people. If they both desire
reconciliation, llh will cause it between them.
Indeed, llh is ever Knowing and Acquainted
[with all things].
2. They did not take any war
booty from Muwiyah
(r.a.).
3. li (r.a.) removed the title
Amrul Muminn when
signing the reconciliation
pact; thus, he is no longer
the leader.
After hearing Ibn bbs (r.a.) explanation
many of them returned, but
some of them remained rebellious to the extent of killing the companions.
The Modern Day Khawrij

The term khawrij does not refer to a specific group of people.
Rather, anyone/group with traits such as
rebellious
making mischief
bombing public places, etc.
can be considered as khawrij.
26
4
The Meccan requested for a sign and saw the splitting of the moon over Mount Hira.
But they still disbelieved and said, Muhammad has taken us by his magic.
Anas ibn Mlik (r.a.) narrated
that the people of Makkah
asked the Prophet (s.a.w.) to
show them a sign, so he split
the moon for them.
Muslim
Seeing Is Believing?
mn is not about seeing and thus believing; it is in the heart.
The People of Pharaoh
They were shown the 9 clear signs:
Prophet Musas staff
Prophet Musas hand
The years of famine
And indeed We punished the people of Pharaoh with years of
drought, and shortness of fruits, that they might remember. But
whenever good came to them, they said: "Ours is this." And if evil
affect them, they ascribed it to evil omens connected with Moses and
those with him. Be informed! Verily, their evil omens are with llh
but most of them know not. They said to Moses: "Whatever Ayat you
may bring to us, to work therewith your sorcery on us, we shall never
believe in you." So We sent on them: the flood, the locusts, the lice,
the frogs, and the blood: manifest signs, yet they remained arrogant,
and they were of those people who were sinners.

Al-
27
Ban Isrl
They witnessed many miracles of Prophet Musa (a.s.), for example:
the splitting of the sea
manna and salwa
But they ended worshipping a statue of a calf!
The Disciples of s (a.s.)
They requested for a feast from the heaven.
llh warned them that if they disbelieve after He has sent down His sign, they will be
punished in the way no one has ever been punished before.
Remember when the disciples said: O Jesus, son of Mary!
Can your Lord send down to us a table spread (with food)
from heaven? Jesus said: Fear llh, if you are indeed
believers. They said: "We wish to eat thereof and to be
stronger in Faith and to know that you have indeed told us
the truth and that we ourselves be its witnesses."
Jesus, son of Mary, said: O llh, our Lord! Send us from
heaven a table spread (with food) that there may be for us for the first and the last of us - a festival and a sign from
You; and provide us sustenance, for You are the best of
sustainers. llh said: I am going to send it down unto
you, but if any of you after that disbelieves, then I will
punish him with a torment such as I have not inflicted on
anyone among all the worlds (mankind and jinn).
Al-Midah 5: 112-115

The Meccan
They requested the Prophet (s.a.w.) to bring them signs, including making llh and His
angels come to them!
And they say, "We will not believe you until you break open
for us from the ground a spring. Or [until] you have a garden
of palm trees and grapes and make rivers gush forth within
them in force [and abundance]. Or you make the heaven fall
upon us in fragments as you have claimed or you bring llh
and the angels before [us]. Or you have a house of gold or
you ascend into the sky. And [even then], we will not
believe in your ascension until you bring down to us
a book we may read." Say, "Exalted is my Lord!
Was I ever but a human messenger?"
Al-Isr 17: 90-93
29
Awf ibn Mlik (r.a.) narrated that

he came to the Prophet (s.a.w.) in
his tent during the Battle of
Tabk, and he (s.a.w.) said,
Count six before the Hour: two
e
plagues which will strike you like
the disease of cattlee
and spread to humans via fleas.
Bukhri
The Plague of Amws
What?
Possibly an outbreak of bubonic plague caused by Yersinia pestis.
(The same cause of the black death plague across the world at that time.)
When?
During caliphate of Umar (r.a.).

Where?
Syria
The plague was most severe in mws, Syri

How Many?
Over 20,000 people died.
The Story Of Abu Ubaydah Ibn Jarr.h (r.a.)
Who is Abu Ubaydah Ibn Jarr (r.a.)?
One of the companions who was promised paradise.
The mn (Trustworthy) of the Prophets (s.a.w.) ummah.
Suggested by Umar (r.a.) as the leader after the beloved Prophet (s.a.w.)
had passed away, before pledging his allegiance to Abu Bakr (r.a.)
Close adviser to Abu Bakr (r.a.) and Umar (r.a.)
He did not disobey any orders in any matters, except once.

Abu Ubaydah (r.a.) was leading the Muslim forces in Ash-Shm (Syria).
It was then that a plague hit and devastated the population of Ash-Shm.
Umar (r.a.) dispatched a messenger to Abu Ubaydah with a letter saying:
I am in urgent need of you. If my letter reaches you at night I strongly urge you to leave
before dawn. If this letter reaches you during the day, I strongly urge you to leave before
evening and hasten to me.
When Abu Ubaydah (r.a.) received the letter, he said:
I know why the mr Al-Mu'minn needs me.
He wants to secure the survival of someone who, however, is not eternal.
So he wrote to Umar (r.a.):
I know that you need me. But I am in an army of Muslims and I have no desire to save
myself from what is afflicting them. I do not want to separate from them until God wills. So,
when this letter reaches you, release me from your command and permit me to stay on.
When Umar (r.a.) read this letter tears filled his eyes and those who were with him asked:
Has Abu Ubaydah died, O mr Al-Mu'minn?
Umar (r.a.) said, No, but death is near to him.
Before long, Abu Ubaydah (r.a.) became afflicted with the plague and died.
Abdurrahmn ibn Awf (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet
(s.a.w.) said: If you hear that an epidemic has broken out in
a land, do not approach it. If it attacks a land where you live,

then do not leave that land in a bid to escape from it.
Bukhri
31
6
The Hour will not be established until a raging fire emerges
in ijz which will illuminate the necks of camels in Bura.
Bukhri
When?
During the time of An-Nawawi.
An-Nawawi said,
In 1654 Hijri, a big fire came out
in Madnah.
What?
Ibn Kathr said,
The bedouins were able to see
the spark of light in Busra, on
their camels.
Fire As A Sign
llh controls the fire and uses it as signs over and over.
For example, llh made the fire cool and peaceful for Ibrhm (a.s.) and saved him.
A similar miracle also happened to a tabi scholar, bu Muslim l-Khawlni (r.a.).
32
Al-Aswad
Abu Muslim
Al-Aswad
Abu Muslim
Al-Aswad repeatedly asked the two questions, and Abu Muslim (r.a.) repeatedly gave the
same answers for both.
Al-Aswad became furious and he ordered for Abu Muslim (r.a.) to be thrown into a large
fire. But the fire did not harm or burn Abu Muslim in the least.
Someone advised Al-Aswad: Send this man away, for if he stays, he will cause your
followers to turn against you."
Al-Aswad, fearing Abu Muslim (r.a.) and being certain, based on his prior experience, that he
would not be able to kill him, ordered him to leave Yemen.
Abu Muslim (r.a.) headed towards Madnah, and by the time he arrived there, the
Messenger of llh (s.a.w.) had already passed away, and Abu Bakr (r.a.) was the Khalfah.
He tied his riding animal to the door of the Masjid, went inside and began to pray.
Umar (r.a.) noticed the stranger, and went to him.
Umar
Abu Muslim
Umar
Abu Muslim
Umar
Abu Muslim (r.a.) could not lie, so he simply answered in the affirmative.
Umar (r.a.) hugged him and cried, and he then seated Abu Muslim (r.a.) between himself
and Abu Bakr (r.a.).
And then 'Umar (r.a.) said, All praise is for llh, Who has delayed my death enough for
Him to allow me to see among the nation of Muhammad a person for whom llh cause the
same thing to occur as He caused to occur for Ibrhm (a.s.).
33
Nature
None of us are able to see llh.
But we can know Him and love Him.
How?
One of the greatest ways is through the creations i.e. nature.
Many miracles which happened revolved around nature. For example:

the splitting of the moon
the splitting of sea
Many verses in the Qurn talk about nature, including verses concerning the Last Hour.
For example:
When the sun is wrapped up [in darkness]. And when the stars
fall, dispersing. And when the mountains are removed, and
when full-term she-camels are neglected. And when the wild
beasts are gathered. And when the seas are filled with flame.
At -Takwr 81: 1-6
But we tend to take nature for granted.
llh give us signs from the nature
as an evident of His power over creations
as a reminder to us
These signs affect not only a small group of people, but everyone in the society.
7
The Battle Of Siffn
A.k.a. the Battle of the Camel
Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated that the
Prophet (s.a.w.) said, The Hour will not
be established until two great armies
fight, there will be much killing
between them even though
their call is one.
Where?
Alis (r.a.) camp
Believers
They ran out of
water but were
allowed to take
water at night.
The hypocrites
started the attack.
Both camps thought they were being attacked by the
other camp and began their counter-attack.
Many people died in this battle,
including Talhah (r.a) and Zubayr (r.a.).
Muawiyah (r.a.) ordered his army to raised the Qurn
over their heads and asked li (r.a.) for a pact.
Both camps reconciled.
35
The Change Of Caliphate
After the death of li (r.a.), asan ibn li (r.a.) became the caliph.
He then gave up the caliphate to Muawiyah (r.a.) to preserve unity among the Muslims.
Abu Bakrah (r.a.) narrated that once the Prophet (s.a.w.)
brought out Al-Hasan and took him up the pulpit along with
him and said, "This son of mine is a Sayyid (i.e. chief) and
I hope that llh will help him bring about reconciliation
between two Muslim groups."
Bukhri

8
Conquering of Quds
Awf ibn Mlik (r.a.) narrated that he
came to the Prophet (s.a.w.) in his tent
during the Battle of Tabk, and he said,
Count six before the Hour: e
the conquering of Quds.
Second Conquest
During the Ayyubid dynasty
By aluddn Al-Ayybi
Bukhri
A Lesson of Honor
At the time of the caliphate of Umar (r.a.), Abu Ubaydah Ibn Jarr (r.a.) lead the Muslim
army to surround Jerusalem. The people of Jerusalem sent a message that we are willing to
surrender, but they would only hand over the keys to Jerusalem to the Khalfah.
Umar (r.a.) went with his servant and they were taking turns on a donkey: Umar (r.a.)
would ride for a while and then the servant would ride for a while and then they would give
the donkey time off.
As they reached the outskirt of Jerusalem, Abu Ubaydah (r.a.) came to greet them.
It was Umars (r.a.) turn to pull the donkey and his servants turn to ride it. When they came
across a puddle and Umar (r.a.) picked up his clothes and crossed it.
Abu Ubaydah (r.a.) felt saddened and said,
I fear that the people of the village will think you without honor.
Umar (r.a.) replied:
Oh Abu Ubaydah, if only someone less knowledgeable then you made such a statement.
We were of the most disgraced of people, and llh granted us honor with this Islm. Now,
whenever we seek honor in other than that which llh honored us with, llh shall
disgrace us (once again).
37
Bills (r.a.) Adhn
Umar (r.a.) entered Jerusalem and prayed 2 rakaah.
The time for alah came. Bill (r.a.) was present, but after the death of the Prophet (s.a.w.),
Bill would not call the dhn anymore.
The companions asked Umar (r.a.) to urge him to call the dhn, just this time.
Umar (r.a.) turned to Bill (r.a.):
"O Bill! The Companions of the Messenger of llh implore you to call the dhn and
remind them of the time of their Prophet, on whom be the blessings of llh and peace."
Bill (r.a.) made the adhn, but when he reached the words,
he broke down and cried. The companions also broke down and cried.
However, Bill (r.a.) continued and completed the adhn.

This was the first and the last time Bill (r.a.) made a complete adhn after the death of the
Prophet (s.a.w.).
38
9
In charge of the conquest

of the African region.
Muslim
the governor there.
Egypt is one of the most beautiful lands in the Muslim Empire.
Imm sh-Shfi travelled from Makkah to Madnah, to Yaman, and to Iraq before finally
settling down in Egypt.
10
Thawbn (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, Two groups of
people I guarantee their protection from the Fire; the group that conquers
India and the group that fights alongside Jesus the son of Mary.
Amad
During The Caliphate of Umar (r.a.)
Umar (r.a.) only sent traders to India. He did not sent any army.
The message of Islm was spread by the traders good manners and honesty in conducting
business.
During The Umayyad Dynasty
Governor Al-Hajjj ibn Ysuf sent an army lead by Muhammad Ibn Qsim to India in 92H.
India was conquered and became a Muslim territory all through the Umayyad Dynasty and
the subsequent Abbasid Dynasty.
39
11
The Hour will not be established until you fight the Turks.
They will have small eyes, red faces, flat noses,
as if their faces are shields. The Hour will also not be
established until you fight a people whose sandals
are made from animal hair.
Bukhri & Muslim
The Turks
The term Turk does not specifically refers to people living in Anatolia or present day Turkey.
The Turks live in Turkistan, and it is an extension of tribes that go all the way to China, to the
areas of Mongolia.
They have distinctive facial features: small eyes, red faces, and flat noses.
Abi Sukainah (r.a.) narrated
Let the Abyssinians alone as
long as they let you alone, and
let the Turks alone as long as
they leave you alone.
grow to become one of the
largest in history.
bu Dwd
The Mongolian Invasion
The invasion began after a governor of Utrar of the Khwarezmid Empire ordered the
execution of Mongols traders alleged to have been spies. Genghis Khan then sent a
messenger to the Khwarizm Shah but the messenger was killed.
Under the leadership of Genghis Khan, Timur Lenk and Hulagu Khan, the Mongols swept
over the Muslim world and destroyed it.
40

When they entered into Baghdad, which was a city of knowledge at that time:
They spent 40 days killing the inhabitants of the city
It is said that they killed about two million people.
They would take the skulls of the Muslims and they built out of it a
pyramid.
They destroyed the whole city
They destroyed libraries
They burned books
The earliest book of tafsr we have today is Tafsr -abari.
Other previous books of tafsr were lost.
They turned Euphrates black with ink for several days
They used the books taken from the Library of Baghdad as a bridge to
cross over the Euphrates River.

Significance Of The Conquests
The Prophet (s.a.w.) was truthful
Those who connect to llh will receive His aid
Those who are distanct and ignorant will not receive His aid
"...Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of a people
until they change what is in themselves..." [Ar-Ra'd 13:11]
Main Lessons From The Battles
Prophecies by the Prophet (s.a.w.) will come true
Have tawakkul in llh for we do not know what He has planned for us
The conditions in the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah were in favor of the
Quraisy
However, the treaty ensured peace, and the Muslims were able to
spread the message of Islm. Thousands became Muslims.
Lack of knowledge and ignorance can lead to disunity and battles
12
Umar (r.a.) narrated in the famous adth of Jibrl that

the Prophet (s.a.w.) said concerning the signs of the Hour,
ethat the slave girl will give her birth to her master.
Muslim
The scholars gave a few interpretations of this hadth.
Many Slavery
That a slave gave birth
to her master's son,
and thus the son is
also her master.
own child.
This is the opinion
adopted by Ibn Hjar,
and he said this is the
most preferable opinion
because it is most general.
43
Good Treatment Towards The Parents
In a Muslim, Usair ibn Jabir reported that when people from Yemen came to help the
Muslim army at the time of jihad, Umar (r.a.) would search for a man named Uwais until he
finally met him.
Umar : Are you Uwais ibn Amir?

Uwais : Yes.
Umar : Are you from the tribe of Qaran?
Uwais : Yes.
Umar : Did you suffer from leprosy and then you were cured from it but for
the space of a dirham?
Uwais : Yes.
Umar : Is your mother (living)?
Uwais : Yes.
Umar : I heard llh's Messenger (s.a.w.) say:
There would come to you Uwais ibn Amir with the reinforcement from the
people of Yemen. (He would be) from Qaran, (the branch) of Murid. He had
been suffering from leprosy from which he was cured but for a spot of a dirham.
His treatment with his mother would have been excellent. If he were to take an
oath in the name of llh, He would honor that. And if it is possible for you,
then do ask him to beg forgiveness for you (from your Lord).
Umar (r.a.) asked Uwais to beg forgiveness for him, and Uwais did.
44
13
diyy ibn tim (r.a.) narrated, The Prophet (s.a.w.) said,

O Adiyy, have you seen rah? I replied, No, but I have
heard of it. He said, If you live long, you will see a woman
who will travel from rah until she makes awf of the
Kabah not fearing anyone other than Allh.
Bukhri
There would be safety and security and people can travel without worry,
as mentioned by the Prophet (s.a.w.) in another narration:
eBy llh! This religion (Islam) will be completed
(and triumph) till a rider (traveler) goes from ana`
(the capital of Yemen) to Hadramawt fearing nobody except
llh and the wolf lest it should trouble his sheep
e
Bukhri
MINOR SIGNS ALL AROUND US
46
14
Abu Mlik Al-Ashari (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
There will be people from amongst my ummah who make lawful
[all] adultery, silk, alcohol and musical instruments. There will be
some people who will stay near the side of a mountain and in the
evening their shepherd will come to them with their sheep and ask
them for something, but they will say to him, Return to us tomorrow.
Allh will destroy them during the night and will let the mountain fall
upon them, and He will transform the rest of them into monkeys and
pigs and they will remain so till the Day of Resurrection.
Bukhri
Only llh has the right to
make things all or arm.
Obeying llhs command
is part of worship.
worshipping that person.
When the Prophet (s.a.w.) recited verse 31 of Srah tTawbah: They took their rabbis and their monks to be their
lords besides llh, di ibn tim commented, They did
not worship them. The Prophet (s.a.w.) said, Yes they did.
They (rabbis and monks) prohibited the allowed for them
(Christians and Jews) and allowed the prohibited, and they
obeyed them. This is how they worshipped them.
Amad, Tirmidh, -abari
47
15
Anas ibn Mlik (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
The Hour will not be established until the people
boast about their mosques.
Abu Dwd & An-Nasi
The Dead Masjid

nas ibn Mlik (r.a.) said:
time will come when people will be proud
with the Masjid and they would not revive
them. So they would be proud of the Masjid
but nobody would go to the Masjid, they just
build the Masjid for the sake of building a
Masjid but the masjid is dead.
people come together.
There is nothing wrong in beautifying the
masjid, but when it is only about the
appearance and nothing else takes place at
the masjid, the purpose is lost.
16
This act of using masjid just as a
pathway is disliked.
Abdullh ibn Masd (r.a.) narrated that
the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, From the
closeness of the Hour or the signs of the
Hour is that people will use the mosques
as pathways.
masjid, instead of just walking
through the masjid to get to some
Suyi
48
17
Thirty Or More?
Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated that
the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, By Allh,
the Hour will not be established
until there appears deceitful liars,
close to thirty, all of them claiming
to be a messenger of Allh.
to be a prophet. It is referring to those
who actually have a significant number of
Bukhri
known.
The False Prophets

Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w) said:
I had a dream while sleeping as if there were two gold
bracelets in my hands which bothered me very much. So it
was revealed to me to blow them off. I blew them off and
they flew away. I interpreted them to be two liars who
would appear after me. One of them called Musaylamah of
Yamamah, and Al- nsi of an.
Tirmidh
Some of the people who had claimed to be a prophet:
Aswad
Al- nsi
Tulayha
Al-Asadi
49
Musaylamah
Al-Kadhdhb
Sajh bint
Al-rith
Al-Mukhtr
ibn b
Ubayd llh
Al-Thaqaf
Al-rith
Ibn Sad
Elijah
Muammad
Mirza
Ghulm
Amad
Musaylamah Al-Kadhdhb
The Liar
Musaylamah Al-Kadhdhb (Musaylamah The Liar) was from the Bedouins of Banu Hanfah,
a big tribe in the area of Yamamah. He was playing on the tribalism:
The Prophet (s.a.w.)
from the Quraysh
from the city dwellers
Musaylamah knew that the hearts of the people had nationalism, so he played on that.
One of his right hand supporters would clearly say:
The Liar of Banu Hanfah is better than the Truthful of the Quraysh!
Many of his followers knew he was lying.
50
The Letters
Musaylamah once wrote a letter
to the Prophet (s.a.w):
From Musaylamah, the messenger of
God to Muhammad, the messenger of
God.
Peace be on you.
guidance.
I am prepared to share this mission with
you. I shall have (control over) half the
land and you shall have the other half.
But the Quraysh are an aggressive
people.
The Imitation
Musaylamah tried to imitate the Qurn but failed.
In response to Srah Al- r, Musaylamah said,
Indeed something similar has also been revealed to me:
O Wabr (a small, furry mammal, hyrax), O Wabr!
You are only two ears and a chest,

and the rest of you is digging and burrowing.
This is a miracle. You will find people who are intelligent and good at poetry, but if they try
to imitate Qurn, they come up with something that is not believable and miserable.
The Battle
Musaylamah had a huge following - thousands of people.
It was a big fitnah, and this fitnah was not extinguished until the time of Abu Bakr (r.a.).
At first, Musaylamahs army defeated the Muslim army lead by Ikrimah Ibn Abi Jahl (r.a.).
Abu Bakr (r.a.) sent another army lead by Khald Ibn l-Wald (r.a.). In this battle, the
Muslims won and Musaylamah was killed by Wahsy.
(Washy was the man who killed the Prophets (s.a.w.) uncle Hamzah (r.a), but he became a
Muslim after the conquest of Makkah.)
The battle with Musaylamah was one of the worse battles and many huff were killed.
Abu Bakr (r.a.) then started the process of bringing the muaf together. And the project
continued into Uthmns (r.a.) time.
51
Imrn ibn uayn (r.a.) narrated that

the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, Whosoever
recites the Qurn, then let him ask
Allh with it, for indeed there will come
a people who will recite the Qurn and
ask the people with it.
Amad
[This is] a blessed Book which We

have revealed to you, [O Muhammad],
that they might reflect upon its verses
and that those of understanding would
be reminded.
18
d 38: 29
The companions mentioned to the
Prophet (s.a.w.) about a man in charge
of an army unit who led them in prayer
and always concluded his recitation
with Srat Al-Ikhl. The Prophet
(s.a.w) said, "Ask him why he does so?"
He was asked and he said, "This Srah
contains the Attributes of llh,
the Gracious, and I love to recite it.
The Prophet (s.a.w.) then told them,
"Tell him that llh loves him".
Riy a-lihn
19
Hasten with actions before the arrival of trials like the pitch
blackness of the night. A person will awake a believer and
will be a disbeliever by evening, and another will be a
believer by evening but will be a disbeliever by morning;
one of them will sell their religion for a worldly need.
Bukhri
Lack of
Understanding
Lack of
Knowledge
Easy to leave
Islm during
trial
Many Muslims nowadays are born into a Muslim family but are only Muslims culturally.
Worship has become just a physical act, and its spiritual component is lost.
53
20

The Hour will not be established until my nation follows
the ways of the nations before it, hand span by hand span,
arm span by arm span.
Bukhri
History Repeats Itself
From the time of dam (a.s.) until 10 generations after, there was no shirk.
The first act of shirk was committed
by the people of N (a.s.).
N said, "My Lord, indeed they have
Wadd, Suw', Yaghth, Ya'q and
Nasr were five righteous man. After
their death, Ibls told the people to
make idols in honor of them.
Generations later, Ibls deceived the
people saying that the forefathers
used to worship the statues and they
were granted rain. Thus, the people
started worship the statues.
Ibn Àbbas (r.a.) said that
the idols that were among
the people of N (a.s.)
wound up among the
Arabs afterwards.
[Bukhri
Modern time:
Not only that shirk is prevalent, some people are following the way of the People of Sodom.
54
21
Ibn Umar (r.a.) narrated, We were sitting with the
Prophet (s.a.w.) and he spoke of the trials to come until he
mentioned the trial of als, so he was asked concerning this

trial and he said, It will be flight and plunder. There will then
come a test which is pleasant; but its murkiness will be due
to the fact that it is from a man from the people of my house
who will assert that he belongs to me, whereas he does not,
for my friends are only the pious. Then the people will unite
under a man who will be like a hip-bone on a rib. Then there
will be the little black trial which will leave none of this
community without striking them, and when the people say
that it is finished, it will be extended. During it a man will be
a believer in the morning and an infidel in the evening, so
that the people will be in two camps: the camp of faith which
will contain no hypocrisy, and the camp of hypocrisy which
will contain no faith. When that happens, expect the Dajjl
that day or the next.
Abu Dwd
Trial Of Ahls
When people should
stay in their houses
From a man who
claim to be from
ahlul-bayt
55
22
the man and the woman, the

young and the old, the free and
Bukhri & Muslim
when a man will say, Why dont
the people follow me even though
23
bdullh ibn Masd (r.a.)

narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.)
said, Indeed, before the Hour
comes there will bee
increase of literacy.
Amad
Decrease in
Increase in
Literacy
Seeking Knowledge
24
Abu Umayyah Al-Jumai (r.a.)

said, Indeed from the signs of the
Hour is seeking knowledge from
the unqualified.
abarni
Increase in Trials
56
Knowledge and Ignorance
Knowledge will be taken away and ignorance will be established in the hearts and minds of
people. How does that happen?
Death of the scholars
bdullah ibn mr ibn Al- s (r.a.) reported llhs
Messenger (s.a.w.) as saying: Verily, llh does not
take away knowledge by snatching it from the
people but He takes away knowledge by tak
away the scholars, so that when He leaves n
learned person, people turn to the ignorant as their
leaders; then they are asked to deliver religious
verdicts and they deliver them without know
they go astray, and lead others astray.
Bukhri & Muslim
I Dont Know
In the time of the companions, they would avoid freely giving any fatwa.
One of the tabin said, I have seen more than 30 of the companions of the Rasulullh
(s.a.w.) sitting in the masjid. A person would come into the masjid asking a question and
every companion of Rasulullh (s.a.w.) would send him to the next person: I dont have the
answer, ask the other companion.
Imm Mlik was visited by a person who came all the way from Spain. He asked Imm Mlik
40 questions. Imm Mlik responded I dont know to 36 questions; he only answered 4
questions. The man told him, I came all the way to hear you say I dont know? What will I
tell my people when I go back? Imm Mlik said, Tell them Imm Mlik said, I do not
know.
More Education = More Ignorance?
The increase in literacy only benefits those who are enthusiastic to learn and value
knowledge greatly. But majority of the people do not benefit from it as people mostly focus
on worldly education and neglect religious education.
In the past, the most intelligent people became the scholars of Islm. For example:
Imm sh-Shfi had amazing memory that he had to cover the second page of a book
in order not to memorize it together with the first page.
Imm n-Nawawi lived for only 45 years, but he had written so many beneficial books,
including Riy A-lin.
57
Seek Knowledge
eIt is only those who have knowledge
among His slaves that fear llhe
Fir 35: 28
Scholars of the past sacrificed a lot in order to gain knowledge
and they had high respect for knowledge.
Imm
Ash-Shfi
Memorized the Qurn at the age of 10; motivated by his mother.
bu bdillh
Muammad ibn
Idris Ash-Shfi
14/15.
Went to Madnah with a letter from the Governor of Makkah to the
Governor of Madnah requesting to be introduced to Imm Mlik.
Imm Mlik told him to learn Al-Muwatt from one of his student
first. Imm sh-Shfi said he had already memorized l-Muwatt.
Imm Mlik asked him to recite one adth and was impressed when
he did, so he asked him to read another, and another, until he
completed reciting every hadth in l-Muwatt in three days.
Imm Mlik then took Imm sh-Shfi as his student.
Imm hmad chose to study under Imm sh-Shfi even though he
was the youngest because of his vast knowledge; he had what other
scholars had and more.
Died in 200H, at the age of 50.
Imm
Al-Bukhri
praying 2 raka'ah and making sure that it has been confirmed.
b bdullh
Muammad ibn
Isml ibn
Ibrhm ibn
Al-Mughrah
ibn Bardizbah
Al-Juf
Al-Bukhr
58
26
Islam began as strange, and it will return just as it began;
strange, so glad tidings to the strangers.
Muslim
The Muslims are numerous, but only a few who truly understand what Islm is.
Thawban (r.a.) narrated: The Prophet (s.a.w.) said:
The people will soon summon one another to attack you as
people when eating invite others to share their dish.
Someone asked: Will that be because of our small numbers

at that time? He replied: No, you will be numerous at that
time: but you will be scum and rubbish like that carried down
by a torrent, and llh will take fear of you from the breasts
of your enemy and last enervation into your hearts.
Someone asked: What is wahn (enervation), O Messenger of
llh? He replied: Love of the world and dislike of death.
bu Dwd
Those who follow the religion of llh may feel a sense of not belonging,
out of place, not fitting in, and, in other words, of being strange
59
27
When the end of time approaches, there will scarce
be a dream of the believer except that it comes true,
and those who have the most truthful dreams will be
those who are most truthful in speeche
Muslim
Scholars said that llh provide support to
the believers by giving them truthful dream:
as there will be no more prophet
as an exchange to the decrease in knowledge
Ubdah ibn -mit (r.a.)
said, The (good) dreams of a
faithful believer is a part of the
forty-six parts of prophetism.
bad dream, he should seek
refuge with llh from Satan and
Bukhri
bad dream will not harm him."
Bukhri
Note:
Dreams can never be a form of shariah.
Rulings should not be made based on dreams only.
For example, before the Battle of Uud, the Prophet (s.a.w.) had a dream and interpreted
that they should encamp themselves in the city of Madnah, but he followed the suggestion
of some companions to go out of Madnah to fight the Meccan.
60
28
Abdullh ibn Masd (r.a.) narrated that the
Prophet (s.a.w.) said, From the signs of the Hour
is the moon expanding.
abarni
As to how the moon expands, the scholars leave it as it is
and did not give interpretation to it.
29
The Hour will not be established until knowledge is taken
and there are many earthquakes.
Bukhri
Earthquakes are happening:
FACT FINDER
more frequently
The largest earthquake to strike in
recent times was in Valdivia, Chile
at larger scales

30

The Hour will not be established until wealth is plentiful to
the extent that a person will want to give the zakh of their
wealth but will find no one to accept it and until the Arabian
Peninsula returns to gardens and rivers.
Muslim
Was It Green Previously?
The adth uses the word return: it means the rabian Peninsula was previously green.
Scholars said that during the time of Prophet (s.a.w.), some parts of the Arabian Peninsula
were like forest.
Climate Change
Nowadays, the Arabian Peninsula climate is changing:
Cooler
More rain
More frequent harvest

31
Time will become close, actions will decrease, stinginess will
be the norm, and killing will become prevalent.
Bukhri & Muslim
Scholars gave several definitions regarding the closeness of time:
(Literal)
Time Passes By More Quicly
Day and night is still 24 hours but it is
a shorter 24 hours.
Allah has the power to expand it or
make it narrow.
Faster Mode Of Communication
& Transportation
For example: email vs letter,
car vs camel.
In modern time, most people do not
survive past 100 years.

32
In the famous adth of Jibrl, the Prophet (s.a.w.) was asked
about the signs of the hour, to which he replied, ethat you
see the naked, barefooted shepherds competing in the
construction of tall buildingse
Bukhri
In the past, the Roman Empire and the
FACT FINDER
the Arabian Peninsula because there
was nothing there and the people
Tallest building in ancient times:
The Great Pyramid of Giza
(146 m).
Earliest record of tallest
adorn the skylines of the big cities.
building in recent times:
The Washington Monument
built in 1884 (169 m).
not something bad.
64
33
The Hour will not be established until wealth becomes
plentiful to the extent that a person will have to gather
his wealth whilst awaiting someone to accept his charity.
He will call to him a man who will say,
I have no need of this wealth.
Muslim
Wealth: Good or Bad?

Wealth is not disliked in Islm.
There is nothing wrong in working to earn money and being wealthy
What is wrong is when one
obtains money from harm sources
gets too attached to the wealth
Examples From The Pious Predecessors
Umar ibn
bdul zz
zakh, so all zakh money went to the treasury.
However, the Caliph himself lived in a mud house. He refused to be
given an entourage or live in the palace.
He told his wife to return all gifts that her father, her brother and her
uncle, all of whom were previous caliphs, had given to her to the
treasury because they should not have given them. She returned
everything except two clothes. He also took back the wealth from
the family and returned it to the treasury.
65
Abu Bakr (r.a.)
He gave away all his wealth in charity. The Prophet (s.a.w.) asked him,
What did you keep for your family? and he said, I kept for them llh
and His Messenger.
When he was the caliph, Umar (r.a.) would sometimes looked for him and
found him in the market buying and selling things.
Umar (r.a.)
attending the prayer.
Uthmn (r.a.)
promised Jannah.
He bought the land surrounding Masjid An-Nabawi, and was promised

Jannah.
He gave so much of his wealth in the preparation for the battle against the
Romans that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, From this day on, nothing will
harm Ùthmn regardless of what he does.
bdullh Ibn
Mubrak
(A scholar)
Once, a group of people on the way to Hajj had lost all their possession.
bdullh Ibn Mubrak gave them all his money. Having no money, he
could not continue his journey to make Hajj, so he went home. He later
dreamed of glad tidings of accepted Hajj.
The pious predecessors were not attached to wealth and did not abuse their power to gain
wealth. Rather, they used their wealth to serve the ummah and gain reward from llh.
More Wealth = More Blessing?
Wealth can be a blessing and/or a test from llh.
It does not mean that a wealthy person is more beloved to llh than a poor person.
66
34
Time will become close, actions will decrease, stinginess will
be the norm, and killing will become prevalent.
Bukhri & Muslim
Generosity Of The Companions
The companions used to find every
bu Sa`d (r.a.) narrated that the
Prophet (s.a.w.) said, "Do not abuse my
companions for if any one of you spent
gold equal to Uud (in llh's Cause) it
would not be equal to a Mud or even a
half Mud spent by one of them."
However, stinginess is now

Bukhri
community.
More Wealth = More Stingy?
As with literacy and knowledge, the scale is now upside down.
As people become attached to wealth and materialistic, they will tend to
lose moral values
horde money and want more for themselves
Anas ibn Mlik (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, If a son of dam
had a valley full of gold, he would like to have two valleys, for nothing fills his
mouth except dust. And llh forgives him who repents to Him.
Bukhri
35
Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.)

said, The earth will bring forth its treasures l
of gold and silver. The murderer will come and
for this that I killed. The one who broke the t
kinship will come and say, It is for this that
ties. The thief will come and say, It is for t
hand was severed. Then they will all leave without
taking anything from that treasure.
may own some wealth,
it is only temporary.
They will not be able to
Muslim
when they die.
Earning a Living through Words

This is referring to using
Saad ibn Ab Waqq (r.a.) narrated that
the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, There will be
people who eat [i.e. earn] through their
36
speech just as a cow eats from the earth.

false oath
false praises
Amad
in order to gain money.
Be Wary of Praises
Umar Ibn Abdul zz used to tell anyone who praised him to leave and always asked the
scholars to remind him of death.

37
The Hour will not be established until trials become
apparent, lying becomes prevalent and
markets become interconnected.
Amad
Interconnected markets may mean:
Easy To
Find Item
From around the world
FACT FINDER
World stock markets are now closely linked
through electronic trading and other means.
For example, when the value of one
currency increases, such as the US Dollar,
the value of a different currency, such as
the GB Pound, decreases.
38
Amr ibn Taghallub (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.)
said, Indeed from the signs of the Hour isea person will
want to buy something but will be told, Not until I seek
the permission of the businessman from such and such
tribe, and a person will seek a scribe in a large area
but will find none.
An-Nasi
39
Some people no longer
Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophe
(s.a.w.) said, There will come upon the people
a time when a person does not care about
their wealth; is it from all or arm.
involves rib' (usury)
Bukhri
The companions were extremely careful when it come to all or arm.
For example, Abu Bakr (r.a.) once ate some food bought by his servant using the money
he got from fortune telling years before. Upon hearing this, Abu Bakr (r.a.) made himself
throw up to remove the food. This was because the Prophet (s.a.w.) said that every meat
(i.e. person) that was nourished with arm is more deserving of the Fire. [ hmad

40
The Hour will not be established until the people
build houses which they adorn like the way
clothes are embroidered.
Note:
It is not wrong
Adab Al-Mufrad
house.
The Story of Qrn

Qrn is from the Bani Isrl. Firawn used him to keep Bani Isrl at bay, and he was given
so much wealth it would require strong people to carry the keys to his treasures.
People who were attached to the dunya would wish they were like him.
When the righteous people advised him not be arrogant and to be generous, he said
This has been given to me only because of the knowledge I possess.''
llh made the earth swallow him and his palace because of his arrogance.
41
Anas ibn Mlik (r.a.) narrated that the
Prophet (s.a.w.) said, The days and nights
will not stop until the most prosperous
person in this world is Luka b. Luka.
It refers to someone who was
a nobody who becomes the most
abarni
not through inheritance.

42
Jbir ibn Abdullh (r.a.) narrated, The Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
It will soon be that the people of Iraq cannot receive food or
money. We asked from whom this would be and he replied,
The non-Arabs. He then said, It will soon be that the people
of Shm cannot receive food or money. We asked from
whom this would be and he replied, The Romans. He then
remained silent for a while, after which he said, Towards the
end of my ummah there will be a leader who will pour out
wealth without counting.
may not be
referring to
Muslim
time.

43
Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated, The Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
By the One in whose Hand is my soul, the world will not
perish until a day comes when the murderer does not know
why he committed murder, and the murdered does not
know why he was killed. He was asked, How will that be?
He replied, Indiscriminate killing, the perpetrator
and victim will be in the Fire.
Muslim
The Victim In Hellfire?
Even though the victim was
killed, the victim will also be
in the Hellfire because of his
intention to kill, as seen in
a hadth narrated by
Abu Bakrah (r.a.).
case for the killed? He answered, Because
However, one who is being
attacked and acts in selfdefense is not the aggressor
and will not be punished.
Bukhri & Muslim
Death Toll
World War I
World War II
Vietnam War
Invasion of Iraq
73
44
By the One in whose Hand is my soul, the Hour will not be

established until evil and stinginess are prevalent, and
until the honest are thought treacherous
and the treacherous honeste
kim
Giving Salm to Acquaintances Alone,
45
bdullh ibn Masd (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.),

Before the Hour strikes, people will only give salm to their
acquaintances, commerce will be plentiful to the extent that
a woman will help her husband in his business, the ties of
kinship will be severed, people will give false testimony
and truthful testimony will be hidden, and
literacy will become widespread.
Amad
The Prophet (s.a.w.) taught us to
Spread
Salm
and we shall enter paradise peacefully.
[Tirmidh]
74
46
The Hour will not be established - or - from the signs of the
hour is that knowledge will be lifted, ignorance will become
prevalent, alcohol will be consumed, adultery will be
widespread, men will decrease and women will increase,
until there is a single man to fifty women.
More women
than men until
Bukhri & Muslim
ratio of 50:1.
47
bdullh ibn Masd (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.)
said, Indeed, before the coming of the Hour there will bee
false testimony.
Amad
Giving false testimony is one of the major sins.
Lying is a sin.
Lying while taking oath by llhs name is a
Why? Because one disrespects llh by doing
When someone abuses llh's name in oaths, it may
decrease peoples respect, fear and love of
75
48
bdullh ibn Masd (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
The Hour will not be established until inheritance is not distributed.
Muslim
49
Anas ibn Mlik (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, Indeed
from the signs of the Hour is the lifting of knowledge, prevalence of
ignorance, drinking of alcohol and increase of adultery.
bu Dwd
50
Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, There are
two groups in the Fire whom I have not seene and women dressed
and naked, disobedient and promiscuous, their heads will be like the
humps of camels. They will not enter Paradise or smell its scent, and
indeed its scent can be found from the distance of such and such.
Muslim
Also applies to immoral men.

51
The Hour will not be established until a person will pass by
a grave and say, Woe to me, if only I was in
Bukhri & Muslim
52
Indeed from the Signs of the Hour is the appearance of
sudden deaths.
abarni

53
udhayfah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said
concerning the signs of the Hour, There will be killing
and strangeness to the extent that a person almost
knows no one.
Amad
There are two ways to interpret this adth:
Breaking Away
From The Community
Preferring to be on one's own.
away from everyone.
However, it is better for a Muslim to mix
with the community than to be alone.
Yahy ibn Waththb narrated:
From a Shaykh among the
Companions of the Prophet
(s.a.w.), I think it is from the
Prophet (s.a.w.), who said:
Indeed when the Muslim mixes
with the people and he is patient
with their harm, he is better than
the Muslim who does not mix
with the people and is not patient
with their harm.
Tirmidh
78
54
Imrn ibn uayn (r.a.) narrated

that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
The best of my ummah is my
generation, then those who
follow them and those who follow
them. There will then appear
people who will give testimony
without having been asked to do
so, they will be treacherous and
untrustworthy, they will make
promises but break them, and
amongst them will be obesity.
Bukhri & Muslim
55
bdullh ibn Umar (r.a.) narrated

There will be towards the end of
my ummah men who will ride
upon saddles similar to our
beasts, it will take them to the
doors of mosquese
Amad
79
57
Many People
bdullh ibn mr (r.a.) narrated that the
Prophet (s.a.w.) said, The Hour will not be
established until the people jostle with one
another on the streets just as the donkeys do.
Mujmal-Zawid
FACT FINDER
Annually, it is estimated that London
drivers spend 66 hours in traffic and
New York drivers spend 57 hours.
58
bu Ms Al- shar (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.)
said, The Hour will not be established until a man kills his
neighbor, brother and father.
Adab Al-Mufrad

59
Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated, The Prophet (s.a.w.) was
asked about the Hour and said, When trust is misplaced
then await the Hour. They asked, How will this be? He
replied, When responsibility is given to the unworthy,
then await the Hour.
Bukhri
60
bu Ummah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
Towards the end of time there will be people who will have
whips like the tails of cows. They will leave in the morning
under the wrath of llh and return in the evening under
the anger of llh.
Amad

61
li (r.a.) was reported to have said:
Anas ibn Mlik (r.a.) narrated, The
Prophet (s.a.w.) said, There will come
upon the people years of deception in
which the liar is believed and the
truthful one is belied, the treacherous
one is trusted and the trustworthy one
is believed treacherous, and the
Ruwaybiah will speak. It was asked,
Who are the Ruwaybiah? He replied,
The fool who speaks about the general
affairs of the people.
Bukhri
One becomes
arrogant and think
he/she knows
everything
Some may choose
to stop learning
Shaytn uses this
trick to drive one
away from goodness
82
Ruling With Other
62
bu Ummah l-Bhili (r.a.)

said, The knots of Islam will be
untied knot by knot e the first to
be untied will be rule and the last
will be the prayer.
Amad
64
Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated, The Prophet (s.a.w.) said, By the One whose
Hand has my soul, the Hour will not be established until e the wul are
destroyed and the tat appear. He was asked concerning them and replied,
The wul are the nobility and the tat are those who downtrodden.
bu Nuaym in Al-ilyah
Right People, Right Time
The Prophet (s.a.w.) would choose a leader among his companions based on the
companions potential and the time.
During the time of Abu Bakr (r.a.), Khalid Ibn Wald (r.a.) was selected as the general.
However, during the time of Umar (r.a.), Khalid (r.a.) was replaced with bu Ubaydah Ibn
Jarr (r.a.). Why?
Because the people became too attached to Khalid (r.a.) that they thought as long as Khalid
(r.a.) was there, they would win any war. Umar (r.a.) wanted them to know that victory and
defeat are in the hands of llh.
83
65
bu Sad l-Khuri (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.)

said, The Hour will not be established until the earth is full
of oppression and injustice.
Mawridl-amn
66
ishah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said
concerning the state of the people after the demise of the
rabs, They will be like grasshoppers, the strong devouring
the weak until the Hour is established.
Amad
84
Common Denominators In These Signs
Lack of
knowledge
Not a goal
85
Examples From The Pious Predecessors
Dhul-Qarnayn was a just leader
even though he had great power
over the east and the west.
the loan.
poor man once demanded Umar
(r.a.) to give him something or he
would complain about him.
money back.
Umar (r.a.) went to the treasury,
but there was nothing. The man did
not care.
Umar (r.a.) said he did not even
have an extra cloth to give to the
man, but still the man did not care.
The man was amazed; he told that l

Umar then took of his top and
gave it to the man.
During the time of Umar bdul zz, it was the custom that before they conquer
any country, they would invite the people to Islam first.
However, the city of Samarkand was conquered by a surprise attack. The priests of
Samarkand sent a letter of complaint to Caliph Umar bdul zz, and he sent a
letter in reply, asking the governor to appoint a judge and decide over this matter.
The judge ruled that all Muslim armies must leave the land immediately. Only
then they could come again and invite the people to Islam, and the people were
allowed to choose between Islam, paying tribute, or war.
The priests and the people of Samarkand started to accept Islam because of the
justice.
86
MINOR SIGNS YET TO COME
WORSHIP & KNOWLEDGE
mn Becomes Rare
No More Hajj
Destruction Of Kabah
Lifting Of The Qurn
A Single Sajdah Is Better Than The World
Return To Idol Worship
No More La Ilha IllAllh
NATURE
Removal Of Mountains
Animals & Inanimate Objects Speaking
Lack Of Blessing In Rain
The Euphrates Revealing A Mountain Of Gold
The Breeze Which Will Take The Soul Of The
Believers
POWER & LEADERSHIP

Madnah Expelling Its Evil Residents
Ruin Of Madnah
A Ruler From The Tribe Of Qahtn
The Ruler Called Jahjh

Ruin Of The rmy Wanting To Destroy The Kabah
Demise Of The Tribe Of Quraysh
Conquering Of Constantinople
The Muslims Going To Shm
The Mahd
87
67
bdullh ibn mr (r.a.) said, There will come upon the
people a time when they gather and pray in the mosques,
but there are no believers among them.
kim
68
bu Sad l-Khuri (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.)
said, The Hour will not be established until
ajj is no longer performed.
Ibn ibbn & kim
88
69
Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated

The Kabah will be destroyed
by Dhu Suwayqatayn
from byssinia.
Bukhri & Muslim
Abi Sukainah (r.a.) narrated

Let the Abyssinians alone as long
as they let you alone, and let the
Turks alone as long as they leave
you alone.
bu Dwd
FACT FINDER
Abyssinia or Ethiopian Empire
covered the northern half of
modern day Ethiopia and Eretria.
It existed from approximately
1137 until 1975.
70
udhayfah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet

(s.a.w.) said, Islam will be studied just as o
studies tailoring a piece of cloth until the
meaning of charity, prayer, pilgrimage, and
fasting are not known. The Book of llh will be
lifted in single night so that not even a verse
remains upon earth. There will only remain
certain groups of people such as the elderly
who will say, We heard our forefathers sayi
l ilha ill llh so we too say it.
Judgement.
Whoever obeys will enter
kim
disobeys will enter Hellfire.
71
Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated that the
Prophet (s.a.w.) said, By the One whose
Hand has my soul, the son of Mary is about
to descend amongst you as a just rulere
until a single prostration is better than
the world and what it contains.
A single sajdah is
better than the world
Bukhri & Muslim
worship is at that time.
90
72
ishah (r.a.) narrated, The Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
The night and day will not vanish until Lt and Uzz are
worshipped again. I said, O Messenger of llh, I thought
that was finished when llh revealed, It is He Who has sent
His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth, to
make it superior over all religions even though the
mushrikn hate (it). He replied, It will be so long as llh
wills, then llh will send a pleasant breeze, and everyone
who has a mustard seed of faith in their hearts will die, and
only the most evil will remain and they will return to the
religion of their forefathers.
Muslim
73
The Hour will not be established until no one remains upon
the earth who will say, L ilha ill llh.
Muslim
74
Samurah ibn Jundub (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
The Hour will not be established until the mountains are removed from
their places, and you will see great things which you never saw before.
abarni
75
bu Sad Al-Khuri (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, By
the One whose Hand has my soul, the Hour will not be established
until the predatory animals speak to people and until a person speaks
to the tip of their whip and their shoelaces and until a persons thigh
informs them as to what their family did in their absence.
Tirmidh
Can Animals Speak?
Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated: The Prophet (s.a.w.) said, While a man
was riding a cow, it turned towards him and said, 'I have not been
created for this purpose, I have been created for sloughing. The
Prophet (s.a.w.) added, I, Abu Bakr and Ùmar believe in the story.
The Prophet (s.a.w.) went on, A wolf caught a sheep, and when the
shepherd chased it, the wolf said, 'Who will be its guard on the day
of wild beasts, when there will be no shepherd for it except me?'
After narrating it, the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, I, Abu Bakr and Ùmar
too believe it.
Bukhri
92
76
The Hour will not be established until the people will be given
a widespread rain, but nothing from the earth will grow forth.
There will be
plenty of rain,
Amad
will grow.
The Euphrates Revealing A Mountain Of Gold

The Hour will not be established until the Euphrates
uncovers a mountain of gold over which people will kill.
Out of every hundred, ninety nine will die, and each one of
them will hope that they will be the survivor.
Muslim
78
bdullh ibn mr (r.a.) narrated that the Prop
said, ethen llh will send a cool breeze from
of Shm, and no one who has a grain of faith
hearts will be left upon the earth, and even if one of you
were to enter into the heart of a mountain,
would follow him and take his soul.
the end of time,
after some
Muslim
have passed.

79
time will come upon the people when a person will invite
his cousin and relative saying, Come to prosperity, come to
prosperity, and Madnah is better for them, if they only
knew. By the One whose Hand has my soul, no one will leave
it willingly except that llh will replace them with someone
better. Indeed, Madnah is like bellows expelling impurities,

and the Hour will not be established until Madnah expels its
evil residents just as bellows expel the impurities of iron.
Muslim
80
Mudh ibn Jabal (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
When Baytl-Maqdis is taken, Madnah will become abandoned,
and when Madnah is abandoned there will be
when the great battle occurs Constantinople
and when Constantinople is conquered
the Dajjl will appear.
bu Dwd
81

The Hour will not be established until a man emerges from
Qan who will lead the people.
Bukhri & Muslim
82
The nights and days will not pass until a slave will rule.
He will be known as Jahjh.
Muslim
Jahjh
In classical Arabic
Someone who
constantly shouts.

83
Umm Salamah (r.a.) narrated The Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
person will seek refuge at the House, and an army will be
sent to kill him, but when it reaches the open ground the
earth will swallow it up. I asked, O Messenger of llh,
what of those who were forced to accompany the army?
He replied, The earth will swallow them up and then
they will be resurrected on the Day of Judgement
based upon their intentions.
Muslim
84
The first of the tribes to go into demise will be Quraysh, and
it is almost as if a woman will pass by a sandal and say, This
was the sandal of a Qurashite.
Amad

85
Mudh ibn Jabal (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.)
said, When Baytl-Maqdis is taken, Madnah will become
abandoned, and when Madnah is abandoned there
will be a great battle, and when the great battle occurs
Constantinople will be conquered, and when Constantinople
is conquered the Dajjl will appear.

bu Dwd
Bayt'l-Maqdis taken
FACT FINDER
Madnah abandoned
Constantinople (Istanbul) was previously
Great battle
Constantinople conquered
leadership of Muammad Al-Fti in 1453 AD.
Dajjl appear
86
bu Dard (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
The remaining Muslims on the day of trial will be in
Ghawah, besides a city named Damascus;
from the best cities of Shm.
Amad
97
87
bu Sad Al-Khuri (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,
Towards the end of time, the Mahd will emerge. llh will
provide for him rain and the earth will bring forth its vegetation,
wealth will be bountiful, cattle will be plentiful and the ummah
will grow. He will remain for seven or eight [
minor sign or a
major sign by
kim
scholars.
Who Is The Mahd?
Meaning of Mahd:
bdullh ibn Masd (r.a.) narrated that
the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, If there was only

a day remaining from this world, then llh
would prolong that day so that a man from
me or my family can come, he will bear
my name and his father will bear
the name of my father.
Lineage:
From the lineage of the Prophet
bu Dwd & Tirmidh
through asan
His Descriptions:
bu Sad Al-Khuri (r.a.) narrated that the
Prophet (s.a.w.) said, The Mahd is from me,
he will have a prominent forehead and
pointed nose, and he will fill the earth with
fairness and justice just as it was filled before
him with oppression and injustice. He will
rule for seven years.
bu Dwd
98
When Will He Emerge & Why?
Before his emergence:
Three sons of a Caliph will fight and kill one another over the treasure of the Kabah.
He will emerge from the East, and his initial supporters will also be from the East.
He will arrive in Makkah, and the people will give him the pledge of allegiance.
What Will He Do?
He will rule with fairness and justice for seven years.
s (a.s.) will pray behind him as an honor reserved for the ummah of the Prophet (s.a.w.).
Misconceptions Regarding the Mahd
1. The Mahd was here and then went into hiding.
2. We must create or search for the Mahd.
Claimants to the title of Mahd over time:
Khalfah Al-Mahd of the Abbasid Empire

(he will return near the end of time)
Muhammad ibn Al-Hanafiyyah
(died in 81 AH)
(died in 325 AH)
(died in 514 AH)

Muhammad Ahmad ibn bdullh As-Sdni
(died in 1885)
Muhammad ibn bdullh Al-Qahtni
(died in 1980)
99
The Siege Of Masjidl-.arm
20 November 1979
200 people entered Masjidlarm before Fajr, carrying
janazah (which were actually
concealed weapons).
their allegiance to him.
They took over Masjidl-arm
just before the Fajr.
The Imm managed to escaped,
but approximately 50 000 people
including pilgrims were trapped
inside.
The Mahd Litmus Test
Will not call to himself or order people to give him bayah.

Name will match that of the Prophet (s.a.w.).
Lineage will return to asan b. l (r.a.).
Physical description as mentioned in adth.
Circumstances of his emergence as mentioned in adth.
Rejection Of The Concept Of The Mahd
No mention in
the Qurn
Many of the signs of
the Hour are not
mentioned in the
Qurn, e.g. the Dajjl.
Sunnah.
100
MAJOR SIGNS OF THE HOUR
The Dajjl
Khasf in West
udhayfah ibn Usaid Ghifari (r.a.)

reported: llhs Messenger (s.a.w.)
came to us all of a sudden as we were
(busy in a discussion). He said: What do
you discuss about? They (the
Companions) said, We are discussing
about the Last Hour. Thereupon he said:
It will not come until you see ten signs
before and he made a mention of the
smoke, Dajjl, the beast, the rising of the
sun from the west, the descent of s ibn
Maryam (a.s.), the Yajj and Majj, and
land-slidings in three places, one in the

east, one in the west and one in Arabia, at
the end of which fire would burn forth
from Yemen, and would drive people to
the place of their assembly.
The Mahd The Dajjl
Descent of s Yajj and Majj.
Muslim
101
i
The word Dajjl in rabic means:
liar
deceiver
impostor
Who Is He?
The Dajjl is a human.
Imrn ibn usayn (r.a.) narrated
There is no affair between the
creation of dam until the Hour
greater than the Dajjl.
Muslim
he [i.e. Dajjl is one-eyed and
llh is not one-eyed.
Every prophet warned their nation
about the Dajjl out of fear he will
come out at their time.
The Dajjl is the greatest trial ever.
With certain abilities that llh has given him, he will bring out all types of trials:
worship, knowledge, wealth, power, oppression, etc.
His Description
Short stature with a wide stance, prominent forehead and large body.
Whitish skin complexion

Thick curly hair
One-eyed
Right eye will protrude like a grape
Left eye will be unclear as if there is a thin layer of film on it.
Between his two eyes will be written the word ka, fa, ra
(can be read by every literate and illiterate believer)
102
When Will He Appear?
Before the emergence Dajjl:
People have forgotten his name and
mention, even in religious institution.
There will be many wars.
There will be in severe drought and
famine.
1st
year
2nd
year
3rd
year No vegetation
How Will He Appear?
When llh decrees, the Dajjl will
emerge.
He will come out because of the extreme
anger that he will feel. (Allh knows best
as to the cause of his anger).
He will appear from the direction of
Khurasn.
Is He Alive Today?
Opinion 1: No
Opinion 2: Yes
adth of Fimah bint Qays (r.a.) regardin
the experience of Tamm al-Dri (r.a.) as
reported in a Muslim.
Ibn ayyd, a young boy at the time of the
Prophet (s.a.w.) was suspected to be the
Dajjl as reported in a Muslim.

Tamm Al-Dri and 30 others were
lost at the sea and landed on an
island.
They met a huge beast with thick
hair that called itself "Al-Jasssah".
The beast told them to go to the

man in the abandoned monastery.
They went there and found
a heavily shackled man.
They asked the man who he was,
but he returned the
question to them.
He asked them about Lake Tiberius,
the Spring of Zughar, and the
prophet of the illiterates.
He told them that he was the Dajjl,
and soon he will be
allowed to leave.
He will travel the earth for
40 days, entering all cities
except Makkah and Madnah,
which are forbidden to him.
The Prophet (s.a.w.) said this is

consistent with what he had told
the companions about Dajjl.
[Muslim]

His Powers
Claim to be god
Disbelievers: Will be left to die in the fami
Believers: Will be given water and fruits et
Stay for 40 days
1 day = 1 year
1 day = 1 month
1 day = 1 week
The remaining days = normal
Traverse the earth
Like wind driven rain
Enter every land
Except Makkah and Madnah, which will be
surrounded by gates and angels with swords
Order the rain to fall in places
Order the earth to produce its vegetation
Order the earth to bring forth its treasures
Have water and fire with him
His water = fire

His fire = water
Show a person his deceased parents
Jinns disguising as the "parents"
The "parents" will say that Dajjl is the Lord
The child will believe
Kill people and bring them back to life

Dajjl And The Greatest Martyr
believer will go towards Dajjl.
He will meet the army, and when they ask if he
believes in the Dajjl, he will answer negatively.
Some of the army will want to kill him, but Dajjl
forbids any killing without his consent. So they will
take him to Dajjl.
s he sees Dajjl, he will announce to the people
that this is the Dajjl that the Prophet (s.a.w.)
warned them about.
Dajjl will ask if he believes in him,
but the man will say that he is the false Messiah.
Dajjl will cut the man in half, walk between
the two halves, and order him to stand up,
and the man will stand up.
Dajjl will ask again if he believes in him, but the man
will say that no doubt that he is the Dajjl.
Dajjl will try to kill him, but his neck will turn
into copper and he cannot be killed.
Dajjl will throw him into what appears to be the fire.
The man will actually be thrown in Jannah and

will be the most eminent among the martyrs
in the sight of llh.

His Demise
The Mahd will be
present during
that time.
How To Safeguard Oneself From The Dajjl
Residing in
Fleeing from the
Dajjl
Knowing llh and His
Names and Attributes
To know that Dajjl is
not llh
The first ten [Muslim]
In another narration,
the last ten [Muslim]
Recite the complete
srah on Fridays
The Prophet (s.a.w.) said:
When any one of you has finished the last tashahhud,
let him seek refuge with Allh from four things and say:
O Allh, I take refuge in You from
the punishment of the grave,
the torment of the Fire,
the trials and tribulations of life and death, and
the evil affliction of the Al-Mash Ad-Dajjl.
Bukhri & Muslim
107
Misconceptions Regarding The Dajjl
The Dajjl is
not real or
it is symbolic.
HIDDEN SHIRK
bu Sad (r.a.) said:
The Messenger of llh (s.a.w.)
came out to us when we
were discussing Dajjl and said:
Shall I not tell you of that which
I fear more for you than Dajjl?
We said: Yes. He said:
Hidden shirk, when a man
stands to pray and makes it look
good because he sees a man
looking at him.
among my nation will continue
to adhere to the truth and be
Ibn Mjah
oppose them will not harm
them, until the command of
llh comes to pass.
Ibn Mjah
108
ii
Background To s (a.s.)
One of the mightiest prophets of llh.
Born of a virgin birth
llh gave him many miracles during his time.
E.g. One of the few to talk in the cradle.

llh raised s (a.s.) to the heavens and made it seem to the people that he was crucified.
nd because of their saying (in boast), We killed Messiah, son of
Maryam (Mary), the Messenger of llh, - but they killed him not,
nor crucified him, but the resemblance of s (Jesus) was put over
another man, and those who differ therein are full of doubts. They
have no (certain) knowledge, they follow nothing but conjecture.
For surely; they killed him not. But llh raised him up unto Himself.
nd llh is Ever All-Powerful, All-Wise. And there is none of the people
of the Scripture, but must believe in him, before his death. And on
the Day of Resurrection, he will be a witness against them.
An-Nis 4: 157-159
ss (a.s.) Descent
s (a.s.) will descend
before Fajr
at the white minaret in the
eastern side of Damascus
wearing two lightly dyed garments
his hands on the wings of two
angels
According to the scholars, the White
Minaret is referring to:
The white minaret of a mosque
built during the Umayyad Empire
The gate into Old Damascus
109

His Description
Medium height
Prominent chest
Reddish-white complexion
Straight long hair
Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet said: The Prophets are
paternal brothers; their mothers are different, but their religion is
one. I, more than any of mankind, have more right to Ìsa, son of
Maryam, for there was no Prophet between him and I. He will
descend, and if you see him, know him. He is a well-built man, (the
color of his skin) between red and white. He will descend while
wearing two long, light yellow garments. His head appears to be
dripping water, even though no moisture touched it. He will break
the cross, kill the pig, and banish the Jizyah and will call the people to
Islam. During his time, llh will destroy all religions except Islam and
llh will destroy Al-Mas Ad-Dajjl (the False Messiah). Safety will
then fill the earth, so much so that the lions will mingle with camels,
tigers with cattle and wolves with sheep. Children will play with
snakes, and they will not harm them. Ìsa will remain for forty years
and then will die, and Muslims will offer the funeral prayer for him.)
Muslim
110
His Time Upon Earth
Pray with the Muslims behind the Mahdi
One in whose Hand is my soul, the
son of Maryam will pass by the
Kill the Dajjl in the ensuing battle.
intention of ajj and then Umrah
or making the intention of both of
Dajjl will run when he sees s (a.s.).
s (a.s.) will chase him until they
reached the Gate of Ludd (near
Jerusalem) where Dajjl will be killed.
Become the next leader after the Mahdi
Rule with sharah of Prophet (s.a.w.).
This will be a time of peace and justice.
Make ajj
Visit the grave of the Prophet (s.a.w.)
His Death
He will remain on earth for 40 years, after which he will die.

The Muslims will pray over him and bury him.
111

iii
The words Yajj Majj mean:
something intense
something extremely salty
to run very fast
Who Is Yajj & Majj?
Two tribes from the children of dam, from the progeny of Yafith ibn. N (a.s.).
They were evil and corrupt people.
Their Number
It is reported that they will number in the thousands.
For each person, he will have offspring of a thousand.
From the statement of bdullh ibn Umar (r.a.):
9/10:
9/10:
Angels
Carrying tasks
Creation
9/10:
1/10:
Jinn & mankind
Mankind
Others
Their Description
Wide faces
Small eyes
Blackish red hair

Faces are like shields
Will swarm from every mound
112
The Dam
Dhul-Qarnayn came to a place between two mountains where the
people spoke in a language that he could barely understand.
They asked him to build a barrier between them and Yajj Majj.
He build a dam to contain the Yajj Majj, using sheets of iron placed between
two mountains, melted and added with copper to strengthen the structure.
Yajj Majj are not able to break through the dam
until the promised time, as llh has decreed.
[Al-Kahf 18:93-98]
Where Is The Dam?
Ibn Kathr mentioned an expedition to search for the wall in his Al-Bidyah Wan-Nihyah.
Caliph Al-Wthiq (d. 232 H) of the Abbasid Empire dreamed that the wall of Yajj Majj
was opened. So he sent an expedition led by Sallm Al-Tarjuman in order to gain news of it.
The expedition took two years. They came to a dam built out of iron and copper, with huge
locked gates and located towards the north-east. The dam is very high and could not be
climbed, nor mountains next to it.
llh knows best.
How They Will Escape The Dam
They will try to dig their way out of the dam.
In the evening, they
will leave saying:
The next day:
* By making their effort dependent on the name

and will of llh, they will be able to succeed.
113
Zaynab bint Jash (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.)
said, None has the right to be worshipped but llh. Woe to
the Arabs from an evil drawing close. Today, there has
opened from the dam of Yajj Majj the likes of this.
He then made a circle with his thumb and forefinger.
Bukhri & Muslim
Their Time on Earth
Once they emerge from the dam, they will:
swoop down from
every mound
The believers with s will seek refuge
in the Mountain of r.
Two mountains known as r:
They will beseech llhs help to kill
Yajj Majj.

Their Destruction
The Yajj Majj will walk until
they reach the Mountain of Al-Khamar
in Baytul-Maqdis.
They will then say:
We have killed those who are upon
the earth. Let us now kill those who
are in the sky.
They will throw their arrows towards
114
the sky and the arrows return

besmeared with blood. So they will
think that they have conquered the
heaven as well.
llh will destroy them with
worm-like insects.*
* Show of llhs power:
Destroying a large, unruly nation
with small creatures

iv-vi
udhayfah ibn Usayd Al-Ghifri (r.a.) narrated that the
Prophet (s.a.w.) said, It will not be established until there
are ten signsea khasf in the East, a khasf in the West and a
khasf in the Arabian Peninsulae
Muslim
What Is A Khasf?
Similar to a sinkhole.
The earth opens up and closes again.
There have been similar incidents over time, but the three khasfs
being referred to here will be unprecedented.
A khasf has been mentioned in the Qurn in other contexts,
such as the punishment given to Qrn.
And We caused the earth to swallow him and his home. And
there was for him no company to aid him other than llh ,
nor was he of those who [could] defend themselves.
Al-Qaa, 28:81
116
vii
Prophet (s.a.w.) said, Hasten with good deeds before six:
the sun rising from the West, the Smoke, the Dajjl, the
Beast, your own death, and the Day of Judgement.
Muslim
The Opinion Of The Scholars Regarding The Smoke
The scholars differed as to what the sign of the Smoke refers to:
Hardship and famine
the Quraysh
experienced
During the time of the
Prophet (s.a.w.) when
he made du against
them
Opinion of bdullh
b. Masd and Imam
a-abari
al-Khuri, it was also
the opinion of Imam
Ibn Kathr
The type of smoke is also unknown.
Then wait you for the Day when the sky will bring forth a visible smoke. Covering
the people, this is a painful torment. (They will say): Our Lord! Remove the torment
from us, really we shall become believers! How can there be for them an
admonition, when a Messenger explaining things clearly has already come to them.
Al-Dukhn, 44:10-13
117
viii
In classical rabic, the word Dbbah (beast) means anything that walks.
Misinterpretation Of The Sign
In Turkey, remnant of what is said to be the rk of N (a.s.) was found.
Some people interpret the Beast as a symbol of the Ark.
What Is The Beast?
It is an actual beast.
It will emerge from the earth.
There are opinions that the Beast will be the she-camel of li (a.s.) or its child.
But there is no authentic narration, and llh knows best.
When Will It Emerge?
It will emerge at forenoon (u).
It will be immediately preceding or succeeding the rising of the sun from the west.
Where Will It Emerge?
There are a number of opinions:
Mount afa in Makkah
Underneath the Kabah
The desert
No authentic narration.
llh knows best.
118
What Will It Do?
Speak to people.
And when the Word (of
torment) is fulfilled against
them, We shall bring out from
the earth a beast to them,
which will speak to them
because mankind believed not

with certainty in Our yt.
Al-Naml, 27:82

iv
Abdullh ibn Amr (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.)
said, The first sign to emerge will be the su
West and the beast emerging in the morning. Whichever of
the two occurs first, the other will succeed it quickly.
take place.
The Orbit Of The Sun
As recorded in a Bukhri, bu Dharr (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.)
told the companions about where the sun goes when it sets.
Every eveninge
The sun comes before the
throne of llh and prostrates.
It seeks the permission to
continue on its orbit.
llh permit it to continue.
has come and so it will rise in the west.
Hasten To Perform Good Deeds
& Make Tawbah

One should always
grab every opportunity to do good
seek forgiveness and make tawbah
the Dajjl, the Beast, your own
Why?
Because we do not know when is

our death
the end of time
120
Once the time is up, faith, tawbah or good deeds will no longer be accepted.
Once three events occur, it will not benefit any person to gain
or increase in their mn; the sun rising from the West, the Dajjl
and the beast of the earth.
Muslim
Do they then wait for anything other than that the angels should
come to them, or that your Lord should come, or that some of the
Signs of your Lord should come! The day that some of the Signs of
your Lord do come, no good will it do to a person to believe then,
if he believed not before, nor earned good through his Faith.
Say: Wait you! We (too) are waiting.
Al- nm, 6:158
121
x
udhayfah ibn Usayd Al-Ghifri (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet
(s.a.w.) said, It will not be established until there are ten signsethe
last of which will be a great Fire which will emanate from Yemen
and usher the people to their place of gathering.
Muslim
Abdullh ibn Umar (r.a.) narrated,
The Prophet (s.a.w.) said, A great
Fire will appear before the Day of
Judgement from the sea of aramawt
or from aramawt which will gather
the people. They asked, What do you

order us to do then, O Messenger of
Allh? He replied, Go towards Shm.
Go towards Shm.
Amad
This will be the land of gathering.
How The Great Fire Will Gather The People
Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, The people will
be gathered in three ways: Those who will have hope and fear, those riding
two on a camel, three on a camel or ten on a camel. The rest of the people
will be urged to gather by the Fire which will accompany them at the time
of their afternoon nap and stay with them whence they will spend the
night, and will be with them in the morning wherever they may be then,
and will be with them in the afternoon wherever they may be then.
Bukhri
122
One that day, there people will be
gathered in three ways:
Having hope and fear
Riding camels
Pushed by the fire
At night, they will stop to rest and continue tomorrow.
The fire will accompany them at all time.
123
THE END OF TIME
The Trumpet will be blown
Everyone will become unconcious

(except whom Allh willed)
The Trumpet will be blown again
Everyone will be resurrected
Day of Judgement will begin
CONCLUSION
Seek Knowledge
Don't underestimate any form of knowledge
Respect knowledge and the people of knowledge
Seek knowledge to benefit from it and come close to Allh
Connect With Allh

When Prophet Yunus (a.s.) was in the belly of the whale, he
made dhikrullh continously until llh saved him.
When Prophet Ayyb was tried, he stayed in the remembrance
of llh and made du'a to Him.
Be Patient And Steadfast
125
INTRODUCTIONee ..
FIQH OF THE SIGNS OF THE HOURee ..
Err:510
Belief In The Signs Of The Hour
Belief In The last Day

Infatuation with the Unknown: What to do when something is Incomprehensible to Us
Warning Against Misinterpreting the Signs of the Hour
Times Of Fitan (Trials) & How To Live In Such Times

How To Live & Interact With The Signs Of The Hour
Categories Of The Signs Of The Hour
MINOR SIGNS OF THE HOURee .
Minor Signs Which Have Passede..
e
Prophethood & Death Of The Prophet (S.A.W.)
Death Of The Companions
Plagues
A Fire In The ijz Region
The Battle Of iffn
Conquering Of Quds
Conquering Of Egypt
Conquering Of India
12. A Slave Girl Giving Birth To Her Master
13. Prevalence Of Safety & Security
Minor Signs All Around Usss
14. Making Lawful [all Silk, lcohol nd Musical Instruments
15. Boasting About & Beautifying Mosques
16. Using Mosques As Pathways
17. False Prophets
18. Reciting The Qurn For Money
19. Apostasy In A Day
20. Following The Ways Of Those Who Preceded Us
21. A Trio Of Trials
22. Ignorance
23. Increase Of Literacy
24. Seeking Knowledge From The Unqualified
25. Boasting Knowledge With Little Action
26. The Strangeness Of Islm
27. Dreams Of The Believers Coming True
The Moon Expanding
Many Earthquakes
Arabian Peninsula Returning To Greenery

Closeness Of Time
Competing In The Construction Of Tall Buildings
Wealth Becoming Plentiful
Stinginess
The Earth Bringing Forth Its Treasures
Earning A Living Through Words
Interconnected Markets
The Markets Being Controlled By A Few
Not Caring About Lawful Income
Adornment Of Houses
The Most Prosperous Of People Is Luka B. Luka
Embargos Upon Iraq nd Shm
Indiscriminate Killing
Distrusting The Honest And Trusting The Dishonest
Giving Salm To cquaintances lone, Plentiful Commerce
& Cutting The Ties Of Kinship
More Women Than Men
False Testimony
Inheritance Not Being Distributed
Increase Of Adultery
Immoral Women
Wishing For Death
Sudden Death
People Like Strangers
Obesity
New Modes Of Transport
Cutting Of Family Ties
Congestion
Murder Of Those Closest
Responsibility Falling To The Unworthy
Security Personnel Beating The People
The Foolish Speaking About The Affairs Of The People
Ruling With Other Than The Sharah
Attacks On The Muslim Empire
Unworthy Leaders
Widespread Injustice & Oppression
The Strong Devouring The Weak
87
88
88
89
90
n The World
90
91
91
92
92
93
93
93
94
94
95
95
96
96
97
97
98
101
102
109
112
116
116
116
117
118
120
122
76. Lack Of Blessing In Rain

ountain Of Gold
he Soul Of The Believers
82. The Ruler Called Jahjh

Destroy The Kabah
84. Demise Of The Tribe Of Quraysh
The Dajjl
Descent Of s
Yajj Majj
Khasf In East
Khasf In West
Khasf In Arabian Peninsula
The Smoke
The Sun Rising From The West
The Great Fire
eople, follow
ght conduct.
y [temporary]
124
125
ter - that is
This world is only temporary.
Our real home is Jannah,
where our father,
dam (a.s.) came from.
rld as though
ill] morning,
your illness
We are travelers on our way
home, gathering provisions
along the way.
n a straw mat
on his side.
ould make a
ave I to do
orld like a
e and then
We should not:
get attached with
this dunya
forget our objective.
ult or disliked
around us like signposts, which put things into

estination while we are travelling on this earth.
ize these signs, so that when we do see or encounter
n into one standard version or otherwise the

trials and difficulties
a.w.) about good things,

ngs because
I was afraid that they might overtake me. -udhayfahTrial Of
Wealth
The owner of
the two
rah weekly as a reminder about our challenges and
e Hour should
ut already
as come,
Trial Of
Knowledge
Ms and Khidr
llh (s.w.t.) orders us to be

prepared for the last day.
i (r.a.) said:
jr alt after
addressed us
d the pulpit.
descended
dressed us till
e incidents
e which are
informed us of the signs of
the last day to prepare us of
what is to come.
of the believers.
racteristic mentioned by llh about the pious people.
It encompasses the beliefs
in llh
in the angels
in the books
ophet (s.a.w.) focused on the belief in llh.

the unseen: Jannah, Hellfire, qiymah etc.
(s.a.w.) said,
til s/he believes in four:
hipped except Allh and I
h the truth, believes in

pre-destiny.
out his ummah who believe in him

He called them his brothers.
he Prophet (s.a.w.) said:

he Companions asked,
of llh?" He replied,
rothers are those who
without seeing me.
Uthmn was besieged for 22 days

during which he refused both to
give up Marwan and to resign.
He was killed on the last day of
Dhul-Hijjah, on the day of Jumàh
by several men who had crept into
his house.
When Abu Dharr (r.a.) died in

al-Rabdha, there was no one with
him except his wife and his young
boy.
bdullh ibn Mas`d (r.a.) came
with some people of Iraq. When
the boy saw them, he asked them
to help bury Abu Dharr (r.a.), a
companion of the Prophet (s.a.w.)
Ibn Masd came down and wept
saying: " llh's Messenger told
the truth."
six pillars of mn.
h, His Angels,
e Last Day,
d with belief in llh:

Last Daye
d to llh:
ot directly connected to llh.
ut the Hour:
dge is only with
except Hime "
WHAT IS UNKNOWN:
rf 7: 187
he Prophet
ch the sun has
ated, on it he
he was expelled
place on no day
When it will happen
WHAT IS KNOWN:
The day it will happen
Its signs
e Hour (i.e. Day

e Hour be?"
WHAT IS IMPORTANT:
Our preparation
er than that the angels

Lord should come,
ord should come!
your Lord do come,
lieve then, if he
od through his Faith.
he Prophet (s.a.w.) said,

ntil the sun rises from
his they will believe,
od to the one
omprehensible To Us
What we understand
the beginning
not, and He
How wonderful is the affair of the believer, for

his affairs are all good, and this applies to no one
but the believer. If something good happens to
good for him.
he bears it with
[Muslim]
rehensible.
Do not try to
interpret the signs to something that we
understand.
It is not our responsibility to
explain the signs of the Hour or
make complete sense of them.
ns Of The Hour
Ignorance As To How To Act
During Times Of Fitan
A Need To
Help Islam
We are only obligated to belief and
follow Allah's commandment to the
best of our own ability.
We should not do something
without having knowledge and
understanding of the matter.
igns Of The Hour
ming to be the Mahdi.

ate a Mahdi.
mbol, not a real person.

the Dajjl will appear even
Authentic
Sources
All our information is
taken from authentic
sources. The authentic
narrations are
truthful.
However, the
understanding the
scholars have of those
texts can differ.
Literal
Comprehensive
Overview
Narrations concerning
a particular trial need
to be gathered so that
a comprehensive
overview can be
achieved.
One narration is not
taken exclusively
without proper
context, while
neglecting others.
Not
Meaning
Texts are to be taken
literally unless there is
a reason to explain it
otherwise.
Example: The exact
meaning of the
Smoke.
Even companions of
the Prophet (s.a.w.)
had different
opinions.
A Ruling
The texts concerning
trials/signs are from
the affairs of the
unseen and speak
about events.
They are not meant
to give rulings unless
there is a clear
reasoning which
shows this to be the
case.
Clarity
And Context
Signs and trials that
are incomprehensible
to the lay people
should not be spread
unless with proper
clarity and context,
such as in an
academic setting.
Clear
Link
Signs and trials cannot
be linked to a
particular event,
individual, time or
place until the event
has taken place, or the
event, individual, time
or place can be clearly
rophet (s.a.w.) said,

emen. People said,
ain said, O llh!
said again, Our Najd
w.) said, There will
CLEAR LINK?
place (classical
CLEAR LINK?
nd ask him,
Hisham, who
narrated this hadth
from his father,
instead of the Last
No
Timelines
We are unable to give
exact timelines for the
Signs of the Hour.
and our mn.
Work for our dunya
and khirah and ask
llh to keep us
steadfast on our
religion.
d questioned Ibn
s Messenger (s.a.w.)!
e Prophet (s.a.w.)
e. Ad-Dajjl) then
hould he be someone
decreed cannot be
companions about
ssenger of llh,
e (s.a.w) said: Forty
Be
Steadfast
Have trust in llh
and His decree.
Focus on ourselves
like a month, one day

s like your days.
on that day which is
BE STEADFAST!
The companions
worship llh
ns Of The Hour
Reasons To Know Them
Should increase
the urgency to
prepare for the
Dont understand a sign?
Return it to those who do understand it.
General Ruling
Do not spend time
focusing on them at the
expense of all else.
Continue to fulfill our responsibilities.
Anas ibn Mlik (r.a.) narrated
that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, If
the Hour is established and one
of you has a seed in his hand and
is able to plant it, let him do so.
Adab Al-Mufrad
What if a trial does afflict you?
To know through
To be wary
of them.
Hour.
Major
Signs
Present
Future
Scholars have many definitions and differentiation between the major and minor signs.
Minor Signs
Major Signs
Affect either small or large
Occur on a large scale, affect vast
multitudes of people and have a
lasting impact.
Occur at certain time and can be
Occur one after the other in quick
decades apart.
succession.
The first sign started well before

Qiymah and some may continue
until the final hour.
Some of these minor signs take
The signs will immediately

precede the Day of Judgement.
Scholars agreed that the ten

mentioned in this adth are
the major signs of the Hour.
1. The smoke
2. The Dajjl
3. The beast
4. The rising of the sun
from the west
5. The descent of
s ibn Maryam (a.s.)
6. The Yajj and Majj
7. Land-sliding in the east
8. Land-sliding in the west
9. Land-sliding in Arabia
10. The fire
However, no exact order is known
except:
Dajjl
s (a.s.)
Yajj & Majj
16
Religion
Prophethood & Death Of The Prophet (s.a.w.)
and his death are the first signs of the Hour.
Prophet (s.a.w.) said,

e these two;
e came to
ng the Battle of Tabk,
ore the Hour: my deathe
ns for the passing of the Prophet (s.a.w.).
n Srah n-Nar was

that he had been
had approached.
n Marduyah
18
Religion

h has given option to a
is with Him. The slave has

kr (r.a.) wept, and we were
by what the Prophet
f llh) who had been
on) that Allh's Apostle
o was given the choice,
of all of us.
went to see the Prophet

and found him suffering
d on him and said:
are suffering from intense
e as much as anyone else
e the reward? He
llh will remove sins,
any Muslim who is afflicted
en the Prophet (s.a.w.)

e consciousness, so his
What extreme pain my
a.w.) heard this and
again after today.
19
Religion
ever witnessed a brighter

entered Madnah with
t the death of the Prophet
a gloomier day than that.
and verily, they (too)

will die.
Az-Zumar 39: 30
the death of the Prophet (s.a.w.), they could not believe
ships Muhammad (s.a.w.) should know that Muhammad

h should know that llh is Hayy (immortal).
ah li Imrn.
ounded as if people had never heard such a Qurnic

minder. So people started reciting it till there was no man
a.) had said, By llh as soon as I heard Abu Bakr say it,
my legs had been unable to carry me so I collapsed
did I realize that Muhammad (s.a.w.) had really died.
se from Srah Az-Zumar to remind the companions.
Religion
s the worst trial that we ever had.
at his death would be a

e! If any believer is afflicted
e disaster of my death, so
body will be afflicted with a
of my death.
the importance of knowledge.

wledge first before He mention about creation in
Taught the Qur'an.
Created man.
Ar-Rahmn 55: 2-3
le will lose knowledge of the Qurn.

ation of the Prophet (s.a.w.), the less knowledge we have.
aise the Qurn.

ship. The shahdah, to them, is something that their
o not understand it.
Religion
Death of the Companions

skies, and when they go
which has been
y companions and when I
anions that which has
e the guardians for my
ill come upon my ummah

h (sedition and trials),
his hand. There will
ween you and the fitnah
w.) taught them
als befell the Muslims.
22
Religion
ported llhs
ly, llh does not take
om the people but He
way the scholars, so that
people turn to the
y are asked to deliver
them without knowledge,
e night, but through the death of scholars.
ed him to write a commentary of the Qurn.

roduce a 30,000-page tafsr, the students were stunned
able to complete the task.
n Tawl y Al-Qurn or better known as Tafsr est Tafsr ever produced.
he Qurn 10 times the size of Tafsr -abari.

e regarding the Qurn was lost once he died.
Companions
and scholars
Religion
Knowledge
decreases.
d that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, There

e a people who are young in age and
te the Qurn but it will not pass beyond
from the sayings of the best of creation.
st as an arrow shoots out of the bow.
ch means people who rebel.
mpanions about the characteristics of the Khawrij in this

.a.w.) of not being just:
n we were in the company of the

was distributing the spoils of war, there
of Banu Tamim. He said: Messenger of
senger of llh (s.a.w.) said: Woe be
I do not do justice? You would be
f I do not do justice. Upon this Umar ibn
lh, permit me to strike off his neck.
d: Leave him, for he has friends (who

ious and pious) that everyone among
gnificant as compared with their prayer,
r fasts. They would recite the Qur'an but it
nes. They would pass through (the
t as the arrow passes through the prey
e
Religion
Punish them
Muwiyah (r.a.)
and his supporters
Became known as the Khawrij
Did not except li (r.a.) or Muwiyah (r.a.)
as their leader
25
Religion
peak to the Khawrij, even though li (r.a.) advised him

s life as the Khawrij were ignorant people.
To which Ibn bbs (r.a.)
answered:
llh (s.w.t.) told us to refer to people to make
judgement based upon the Qurn.
n the two,
both desire
tween them.
Acquainted
Who would take ishah (r.a.), who was in
Muawiyahs camp, as a spoil of war?
The act of removing the title of was the same as
when the Prophet (s.a.w.) deleted his title of
Messenger of llh and replacing it with his
name during the treaty of udaybiyyah.
o the extent of killing the companions.
o a specific group of people.
Nature
nd saw the splitting of the moon over Mount Hira.

Muhammad has taken us by his magic.
The Hour has come near,
and the moon has split [in two].
And if they see a miracle,
they turn away and say,
"Passing magic."
Al-Qamar 54: 1-2
believing; it is in the heart.
The sea
The flood
The locusts
e of Pharaoh with years of

at they might remember. But
y said: "Ours is this." And if evil
omens connected with Moses and
, their evil omens are with llh
aid to Moses: "Whatever Ayat you
your sorcery on us, we shall never
m: the flood, the locusts, the lice,
signs, yet they remained arrogant,
The lice
The frogs
The blood
were sinners.
rf 7: 130-133
Nature
Prophet Musa (a.s.), for example:
ue of a calf!
e heaven.
lieve after He has sent down His sign, they will be

er been punished before.
: O Jesus, son of Mary!

able spread (with food)
h, if you are indeed
eat thereof and to be
you have indeed told us
its witnesses."
ur Lord! Send us from
hat there may be for us stival and a sign from
r You are the best of
to send it down unto
believes, then I will
I have not inflicted on
kind and jinn).
28
Nature
) to bring them signs, including making llh and His
you until you break open

[until] you have a garden
e rivers gush forth within
you make the heaven fall
claimed or you bring llh
have a house of gold or
then], we will not
bring down to us
d is my Lord!
Nature
Plagues
FACT FINDER
PLAGUE
Plague is a deadly infectious

disease that is caused by the
enterobacteria Yersinia pestis.
It is primarily carried by rodents
ue caused by Yersinia pestis.

th plague across the world at that time.)
638 AD to 640 AD
Egypt
Iraq
mws.
mised paradise.
ets (s.a.w.) ummah.
der after the beloved Prophet (s.a.w.)
his allegiance to Abu Bakr (r.a.)
Umar (r.a.)
ny matters, except once.
30
Nature
e Muslim forces in Ash-Shm (Syria).

evastated the population of Ash-Shm.
er to Abu Ubaydah with a letter saying:

etter reaches you at night I strongly urge you to leave
you during the day, I strongly urge you to leave before
the letter, he said:

needs me.
someone who, however, is not eternal.
m in an army of Muslims and I have no desire to save

. I do not want to separate from them until God wills. So,
se me from your command and permit me to stay on.
ears filled his eyes and those who were with him asked:
-Mu'minn?
near to him.
came afflicted with the plague and died.
ed that the Prophet

pidemic has broken out in
cks a land where you live,

to escape from it.

A Fire In The .ijz Region
Nature

ntil a raging fire emerges
cks of camels in Bura.
FACT FINDER
MADNAH-BUSRA
Hijz
= An area in the Arabian Peninsula

(including Makkah and Madnah)
Busra = A town in Syria

(different from Basra in Irq)
Distance Madnah-Bura
= Just under a 1,000 km
signs over and over.

ool and peaceful for Ibrhm (a.s.) and saved him.
a tabi scholar, bu Muslim l-Khawlni (r.a.).
:
:
:
:
The Story of Abu Muslim Al-Khawlni (r.a.)

When Al-Aswad the False Prophet gained a consi
Muslim Al-Khawlni (r.a.) had a dialogue.
Do you bear witness that I am indeed the Messe
I do not hear.
Do you bear witness that Muhammad is the Mes
Yes.
questions, and Abu Muslim (r.a.) repeatedly gave the
rdered for Abu Muslim (r.a.) to be thrown into a large

rn Abu Muslim in the least.
this man away, for if he stays, he will cause your
and being certain, based on his prior experience, that he

ed him to leave Yemen.
Madnah, and by the time he arrived there, the

eady passed away, and Abu Bakr (r.a.) was the Khalfah.
or of the Masjid, went inside and began to pray.
nd went to him.
:
:
:
:
:
Where are you from?

I am from the inhabitants of Yemen.
What happened to the man that 'The Liar' tried
That was bdullh ibn Thaub.
I ask you by llh, are you him?
e simply answered in the affirmative.
and he then seated Abu Muslim (r.a.) between himself
se is for llh, Who has delayed my death enough for

nation of Muhammad a person for whom llh cause the
to occur for Ibrhm (a.s.).
Nature
h the creations i.e. nature.
volved around nature. For example:
ut nature, including verses concerning the Last Hour.
rkness]. And when the stars

ntains are removed, and
lected. And when the wild
seas are filled with flame.
group of people, but everyone in the society.
34
The Battle Of .Siffn
Battles
When?
36 AH
Who?
Between the armies of li (r.a.)
and Muwiyah (r.a.)
Bukhri & Muslim
Hypocrites
Hypocrites
Both armies initially
came to talk. There
were no fighting.
ng attacked by the
o raised the Qurn

.) for a pact.
Battles
ibn li (r.a.) became the caliph.

Muawiyah (r.a.) to preserve unity among the Muslims.
e the Prophet (s.a.w.)

up the pulpit along with
a Sayyid (i.e. chief) and
g about reconciliation
36
Battles
Conquering of Quds
First Conquest
During the time of Umar (r.a.)
In 16 AH /637 CE.
In 583 AH / 1187 CE.
ar (r.a.), Abu Ubaydah Ibn Jarr (r.a.) lead the Muslim

eople of Jerusalem sent a message that we are willing to
d over the keys to Jerusalem to the Khalfah.
and they were taking turns on a donkey: Umar (r.a.)

servant would ride for a while and then they would give
usalem, Abu Ubaydah (r.a.) came to greet them.

donkey and his servants turn to ride it. When they came
cked up his clothes and crossed it.
e will think you without honor.
e less knowledgeable then you made such a statement.

people, and llh granted us honor with this Islm. Now,
han that which llh honored us with, llh shall
Battles
prayed 2 rakaah.
was present, but after the death of the Prophet (s.a.w.),
to urge him to call the dhn, just this time.
essenger of llh implore you to call the dhn and

ophet, on whom be the blessings of llh and peace."
en he reached the words,

panions also broke down and cried.
completed the adhn.

Bill (r.a.) made a complete adhn after the death of the

Conquering Of Egypt
Battles
When?
Abu Dharr (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet During the Caliphate of Umar
(s.a.w.) said, You will conquer a land in
(r.a.) in 21/22H
which there is qr, so be good to its people
for they have protection and relations, but Who?
when you see two men fighting one anotherConquered by Muslim army lead
over a brick then leave.
by mr ibn l- (r.a.)
Loved Egypt and became
ands in the Muslim Empire.

kkah to Madnah, to Yaman, and to Iraq before finally
Conquering Of India
ophet (s.a.w.) said, Two groups of

from the Fire; the group that conquers
ngside Jesus the son of Mary.
dia. He did not sent any army.

by the traders good manners and honesty in conducting
n army lead by Muhammad Ibn Qsim to India in 92H.

a Muslim territory all through the Umayyad Dynasty and

Battles

ntil you fight the Turks.
s, flat noses,
ur will also not be
whose sandals
refers to people living in Anatolia or present day Turkey.

an extension of tribes that go all the way to China, to the
s: small eyes, red faces, and flat noses.

FACT FINDER
The Mongol Empire was founded
by Genghis Khan (d. 1227).
After his death, the empire would
or of Utrar of the Khwarezmid Empire ordered the

ed to have been spies. Genghis Khan then sent a
but the messenger was killed.
han, Timur Lenk and Hulagu Khan, the Mongols swept
MONGOLS
Battles
which was a city of knowledge at that time:
bitants of the city
wo million people.
Muslims and they built out of it a
e today is Tafsr -abari.
nk for several days
the Library of Baghdad as a bridge to
41
Battles
eive His aid
nt will not receive His aid
he condition of a people
elves..." [Ar-Ra'd 13:11]
will come true
ot know what He has planned for us
udaybiyyah were in favor of the
ce, and the Muslims were able to

sands became Muslims.
can lead to disunity and battles
42
A Slave Girl Giving Birth To Her Master
Social Issues
adth of Jibrl that

g the signs of the Hour,
h to her master.
tions of this hadth.

Lost Of Morality
That a slave girl gave
birth and later she
was sold to another
master and another
master(s), until she
became under the
possession of her
Lost Of Respect
Towards Parents
That the children
would be disobedient
to the parents,
especially the
mothers, to extent
that it becomes like a
slave and master
relationship.
Social Issues
orted that when people from Yemen came to help the

Umar (r.a.) would search for a man named Uwais until he
y and then you were cured from it but for
(s.a.w.) say:
n Amir with the reinforcement from the

m Qaran, (the branch) of Murid. He had
hich he was cured but for a spot of a dirham.
ld have been excellent. If he were to take an
d honor that. And if it is possible for you,
for you (from your Lord).
giveness for him, and Uwais did.
Social Issues
Prevalence Of Safety & Security
e Prophet (s.a.w.) said,

replied, No, but I have
g, you will see a woman
makes awf of the
an Allh.
* rah is a
place in
Yemen.
and people can travel without worry,

w.) in another narration:
be completed
goes from ana`
wt fearing nobody except
ble his sheep
e
45
WORSHIP
KNOWLEDGE &
Making Lawful [all

Silk, Alcohol & Musical
Instruments
Boasting About &
Beautifying Mosques
Using Mosques As
Pathways
False Prophets
Reciting The Qurn For
Money
Apostasy In A Day
Following The Ways Of
Those Who Preceded Us
A Trio Of Trials
SOCIAL
ISSUES
Distrusting The Honest & Trusting The Dishonest
Giving Salm To cquaintances lone, Plentiful Comm
& Cutting The Ties Of Kinship
More Women Than Men
False Testimony
Immoral Women
Wishing For Death
Sudden Death
People Like Strangers
Obesity
Congestion
Worship
Making Lawful Silk, Alcohol & Musical Instruments

t my ummah who make lawful
usical instruments. There will be
e side of a mountain and in the
o them with their sheep and ask
ay to him, Return to us tomorrow.
night and will let the mountain fall
he rest of them into monkeys and
Day of Resurrection.
It is sinful for us to make all

what is arm and vice versa.
Following someone in
disobedience is akin to
erse 31 of Srah td their monks to be their

commented, They did
a.w.) said, Yes they did.
d the allowed for them
he prohibited, and they
shipped them.
Boasting About & Beautifying Mosques

ntil the people
Worship
The Living Masjid

When the Prophet (s.a.w.) reached
Madnah, he built a masjid first.
At that time, the masjid is the hub
of the Muslim community.
they just
This is how a masjid supposed to be:
a centre for the community, where
Using Mosques As Pathways
The masjid loses its sanctity

The masjid loses its purpose
As a sign of respect, we should at
least pray two rakah of tahyatul
other place.

False Prophets
If we sum up all those who claimed to be

prophets in this ummah, there are more
than 30 people (in the past 1400 years).
The explainers say that this is not
referring to every crazy person claiming
followers and become famous and well
Worship
he Prophet (s.a.w) said:

there were two gold
red me very much. So it
off. I blew them off and
to be two liars who
m called Musaylamah of
ed to be a prophet:
From Yemen
Claimed to be a prophet towards the end of the Prophets (s.a.w.) life
The Prophet (s.a.w.) sent letters to the companions in Yemen to fight
Aswad
ssassinated in his palace in Yemen by Fayrz Ad-Daylami
Repented after the death of the Prophet (s.a.w.) and became a Muslim
Died as a martyr
Worship
Claimed to be a prophet towards the end of the Prophets (s.a.w.) life
Killed by Wahsy in a battle during the caliphate of Abu Bakr (r.a.)
Married Musaylamah
Both Sajh and Musaylamah had their own followers
Went back to her homeland after Musaylamah was killed
When she saw that prophethood was not giving her any advances,
so she forgot about it and became Muslim
Claimed to be a prophet of the Tabin generation
Killed
Caught by Caliph bdul Malik Ibn Marwn of the Umayyad Dynasty
Brought on Eid l-Adha and pronounced as the Caliphs sacrifice
Founder of the Nation of Islm
From India
Founder of the Ahmadiyya Movement
amah The Liar) was from the Bedouins of Banu Hanfah,

He was playing on the tribalism:
Musaylamah
from the Banu Hanfah
from the rural people
of the people had nationalism, so he played on that.
ould clearly say:

than the Truthful of the Quraysh!
Worship
The Prophet (s.a.w) wrote back
to Musaylamah:
From Muhammad the Messenger of God,
to Musaylamah the imposter.
Peace be upon whoever follows the
God will bequeath the earth to whosoever
of His servants He wishes and the final
triumph will be for those who are careful
of their duty to God.
urn but failed.

ylamah said,
been revealed to me:

rax), O Wabr!
[Tafsr Ibn Kathr]
le who are intelligent and good at poetry, but if they try

th something that is not believable and miserable.
- thousands of people.
was not extinguished until the time of Abu Bakr (r.a.).
ed the Muslim army lead by Ikrimah Ibn Abi Jahl (r.a.).

ead by Khald Ibn l-Wald (r.a.). In this battle, the
killed by Wahsy.
e Prophets (s.a.w.) uncle Hamzah (r.a), but he became a
ne of the worse battles and many huff were killed.

cess of bringing the muaf together. And the project
Reciting The Qurn For Money
Worship
Getting paid to recite or teach the
Qurn is permissible.
What is wrong is when money
becomes the primary goal instead of
contemplating on the verses and
applying the lessons of the Qurn.
The Qurn is revealed

for us to reflect upon
as a reminder to us
Nowadays, many people are able to
recite the Qurn but many lack the
ability understanding its verses and
apply its teachings in daily life.
Learn the significance of the Qurn.

For example:
Al-Kahf
(weekly)
Light, protection
from Dajjl
Al-Mulk
(nightly)
Protection in
the grave
Al-Ftia
The best srah
yatul-Qurs
Al-Ikhl
The best yah

1/3 of Qurn
52
Apostasy In A Day

ival of trials like the pitch
ll awake a believer and
d another will be a
sbeliever by morning;
or a worldly need.
Weak mn
nto a Muslim family but are only Muslims culturally.

l act, and its spiritual component is lost.
Worship
Worship
Following The Ways Of Those Who Preceded Us

ntil my nation follows
and span by hand span,
10 generations after, there was no shirk.
disobeyed me and followed him whose

wealth and children will not increase him
except in loss. And they conspired an
immense conspiracy. And said, Never
leave your gods and never leave Wadd or
Suw or Yaghth or Ya'q or Nasr.
Wadd
Suw`
N 71: 21-23
People of Kalb
People of Hudhayl
Yaghth
Ya`q
Nasr
People of Murad and Bani Ghutayf

People of Hamdan
Family of Dhu Kala` of the Himyar
me people are following the way of the People of Sodom.

A Trio Of Trials
sitting with the

e trials to come until he
Worship
was asked concerning this

nd plunder. There will then
its murkiness will be due
m the people of my house
me, whereas he does not,
hen the people will unite
bone on a rib. Then there
ll leave none of this
and when the people say
d. During it a man will be
fidel in the evening, so
ps: the camp of faith which
camp of hypocrisy which
ppens, expect the Dajjl
Trial of Sarr'
A test which is
pleasant
Trial of Duhaim'
Little black trial
Extended
Ignorance
Abdullh ibn Masd (r.a.)

narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.),
Indeed before the Hour there
are days in which knowledge will
be lifted and ignorance will
become prevalent.
Boasting Knowledge
Mudh ibn Jabal (r.a.) said,

Indeed ahead of you are trials in
which wealth will increase. The
Qurn will be opened and taken
by the believer and the hypocrite,
the slaves. It is nearly the time
Increase Of Literacy
wont follow me until I innovate
for them something else. So
beware of what they innovate for
25
I have read the Qurn? They
indeed it is misguidance.
Abu Dwd
Knowledge
From The Unqualified
Increase in Ignorance
ignorance will be established in the hearts and minds of
ported llhs
ly, llh does not
it from the
People turning to
the ignorant
ignorant as their
iver religious
The ignorant speak
without knowledge
People go astray
y would avoid freely giving any fatwa.
n more than 30 of the companions of the Rasulullh

on would come into the masjid asking a question and
.w.) would send him to the next person: I dont have the
n who came all the way from Spain. He asked Imm Mlik
ed I dont know to 36 questions; he only answered 4
me all the way to hear you say I dont know? What will I
m Mlik said, Tell them Imm Mlik said, I do not
ts those who are enthusiastic to learn and value

the people do not benefit from it as people mostly focus
eligious education.
ople became the scholars of Islm. For example:

ory that he had to cover the second page of a book
r with the first page.
ars, but he had written so many beneficial books,
in order to gain knowledge
From the tribe of Quraysh.

Orphaned when very young.
10; motivated by his mother.
Learned the Arabic poetry at the age of 13/14.
Had learned knowledge from all teachers in Makkah at the age of
he Governor of Makkah to the

be introduced to Imm Mlik.
att from one of his student
already memorized l-Muwatt.
e adth and was impressed when
other, and another, until he
l-Muwatt in three days.
hfi as his student.
mm sh-Shfi even though he
ast knowledge; he had what other
Compiled 9000 ahdth from a range of 600,000 ahdth in his Sahh.

Did not put the ahdth before getting permission from llh by
that it has been confirmed.
Once, he was travelling on a ship with a lot of gold. A person came
and chatted with him, noticing his bag of gold. The person later
falsely claimed that he had lost a bag of gold, wanting Imm
Bukhris. The people looked for it but couldnt find it anywhere.
Imm Bukhri had thrown his bag of gold into the ocean for fear that
if the people found it with him, they would no longer accept the
adth of the Prophet (s.a.w.).
The Strangeness Of Islm

l return just as it began;
y a few who truly understand what Islm is.
het (s.a.w.) said:

another to attack you as
o share their dish.
use of our small numbers

will be numerous at that
bish like that carried down
r of you from the breasts
into your hearts.
ervation), O Messenger of
d and dislike of death.
h may feel a sense of not belonging,

other words, of being strange
Dreams Of The Believers Coming True

, there will scarce
that it comes true,
hful dreams will be
ul dream:
knowledge
bu Qatdah (r.a.) narrated that
the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, "A good
dream that comes true is from
llh, and a bad dream is from
Satan, so if anyone of you sees a
should spit on the left, for the
on dreams only.
ud, the Prophet (s.a.w.) had a dream and interpreted

es in the city of Madnah, but he followed the suggestion
adnah to fight the Meccan.
Nature
The Moon Expanding
ns of the Hour
cholars leave it as it is
Many Earthquakes

ntil knowledge is taken
QUAKE
in 1960. Its magnitude was 9.5.
61
Nature
Arabian Peninsula Returning To Greenery

ntil wealth is plentiful to
o give the zakh of their
pt it and until the Arabian
it means the rabian Peninsula was previously green.
of Prophet (s.a.w.), some parts of the Arabian Peninsula
limate is changing:
62
Nature
Closeness Of Time

ill decrease, stinginess will
e prevalent.
egarding the closeness of time:

Lack Of Blessing
In Time
People achieve less in the same
amount of time.
Less focus, less discpline, more
distractions.
Shorter
Lifespan
N (a.s.) lived for more than 950
years.
63
Wealth
Competing In The Construction Of Tall Buildings
rophet (s.a.w.) was asked

ch he replied, ethat you
ds competing in the
BUILDINGS
were poor.
Now, the Arabian Peninsula is
extremely wealthy and a lot of towers
Note:
Constructing tall building is
Wealth
Wealth Becoming Plentiful

ntil wealth becomes
n will have to gather
e to accept his charity.
Persian Empire did not set to conquer
to earn money and being wealthy
t the time of Caliph Umar ibn bdul zz, the empire was vast and
the people were prosperous. There was no one eligible to receive
the treasury.
n a mud house. He refused to be
hat her father, her brother and her

aliphs, had given to her to the
have given them. She returned
also took back the wealth from
Wealth
He was a very well known and wealthy businessman.
rity. The Prophet (s.a.w.) asked him,

? and he said, I kept for them llh
.) would sometimes looked for him and

d selling things.
He would work for a day and spend the next day with the Prophet (s.a.w.).
He was once late for Jumuah and when he got there, the people saw that
his cloth was wet. He only had one pair of cloth and he washed it before
He bought the Well of Ruma from a Jew for the Muslims, and he was
asjid An-Nabawi, and was promised
he preparation for the battle against the

aid, From this day on, nothing will
he does.
He collected money for people to go to Hajj, used his own money to pay
for them, and returned them their money once they got back.
y to Hajj had lost all their possession.

ll his money. Having no money, he
make Hajj, so he went home. He later
ttached to wealth and did not abuse their power to gain

alth to serve the ummah and gain reward from llh.
test from llh.

rson is more beloved to llh than a poor person.
Wealth
Stinginess

ill decrease, stinginess will
e prevalent.
opportunity to give charity.

The poor would go to the
marketplace and asked to carry
bags for people. They would
receive wage of dates, and they
would give the dates as charity.
becoming more common in our
e scale is now upside down.

alth and materialistic, they will tend to
he Prophet (s.a.w.) said, If a son of dam

ike to have two valleys, for nothing fills his
ves him who repents to Him.
67
Wealth
The Earth Bringing Forth Its Treasures
he Prophet (s.a.w.)
It is now not
uncommon to see
family breaking apart
because of a dispute
over wealth.
all leave without
Even though people
take anything from it
false speech, e.g.:

lies
anyone who praised him to leave and always asked the
68
Wealth

ntil trials become
Travel From One

Place To Another
Even though it is far
STOCK MARKET
Prices
Grow Closer
er means.
69
Wealth
The Markets Being Controlled By A Few
hat the Prophet (s.a.w.)

Hour isea person will
told, Not until I seek
from such and such
be in a large area
Not Caring About Lawful Income

care if their wealth
n the people
is from arm sources
areful when it come to all or arm.
ate some food bought by his servant using the money

efore. Upon hearing this, Abu Bakr (r.a.) made himself
was because the Prophet (s.a.w.) said that every meat
th arm is more deserving of the Fire. [ hmad
70
Wealth
Adornment Of Houses

ntil the people
to adorn the
wn used him to keep Bani Isrl at bay, and he was given

rong people to carry the keys to his treasures.
unya would wish they were like him.
d him not be arrogant and to be generous, he said

ecause of the knowledge I possess.''
nd his palace because of his arrogance.
The Most Prosperous Of People Is Luka b. Luka

Luka b. Luka
Generic term for a type of people:
Most Lowly, the son of Most Lowly
prosperous person, but
71
Wealth
Embargos Upon Iraq And Shm

aq cannot receive food or
would be and he replied,
ill soon be that the people
ney. We asked from
, The Romans. He then
hich he said, Towards the
eader who will pour out
May or
events in our
72
Social Issues

oul, the world will not
murderer does not know
e murdered does not
sked, How will that be?
he perpetrator
Abu Bakrah ath-Thaqafi (r.a.) reported: The

Prophet (s.a.w.) said, If two Muslims meet
each other with their swords, then both the
killer and the killed will be in the Hell-fire. I
said, O llh's Messenger, that is the case
for the killer but why should that be the
he wanted to kill his companion.
FACT FINDER
15 million death
55 million death
3 million death
>1 million death
In the Rwandan genocide of 1994,

it is estimated that around 50,000
people were killed in 100 days.
Social Issues
Distrusting The Honest & Trusting The Dishonest
oul, the Hour will not be

s are prevalent, and
Plentiful Commerce & Cutting the Ties of Kinship
hat the Prophet (s.a.w.),

ll only give salm to their
plentiful to the extent that
his business, the ties of
give false testimony
Feed
People
Social Issues
More Women Than Men

or - from the signs of the
d, ignorance will become
d, adultery will be
women will increase,
it reaches the
Join
Kinship
False Testimony

f the Hour there will bee
e major sins.
And they did not
appraise llh with
true appraisal e
me in oaths, it may
Al-Anm 6: 91
Social Issues
hat the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,

ntil inheritance is not distributed.
he Prophet (s.a.w.) said, Indeed

ting of knowledge, prevalence of
ncrease of adultery.
Immoral Women
he Prophet (s.a.w.) said, There are

not seene and women dressed
cuous, their heads will be like the
er Paradise or smell its scent, and
the distance of such and such.
76
Social Issues
Wishing For Death

ntil a person will pass by
Trials are
many
severe
that one feel
it is better
to die.
Sudden Death

is the appearance of
Death
occurring for
no apparent
reason.
77
Social Issues
People Are Like Strangers
Prophet (s.a.w.) said

There will be killing
a person almost
So Many Trials
Happening
The only way to safeguard oneself is to stay
This is mentioned in the following adth:
bu Sad l-Khudri (r.a.) narrated
There will come a time when the
best property of a Muslim will be
sheep which he will take to the
tops of mountains and the places
of rainfall so as to flee with his
religion from the afflictions.
Bukhri
Social Issues
Obesity
FACT FINDER
OBESITY
In the UK, adult obesity rates

have almost quadrupled in
the last 25 years.
In 2011, 15.1% of Malaysian
adults were obese, making
Malaysia the fattest country
in South-East Asia.

Anas ibn Mlik (r.a.) narrated that
56
the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, From

the signs of the Hour is much evil
and cutting the ties of kinship
e
Suy
Social Issues
Congestion
donkeys do.
Heavy Traffic
Congestion
CONGESTION
at the Prophet (s.a.w.)

hed until a man kills his
80
Power & Leadership
Responsibility Falling To The Unworthy
Prophet (s.a.w.) was

hen trust is misplaced
How will this be? He
en to the unworthy,
Security Personnel Beating The People
e Prophet (s.a.w.) said,

be people who will have
ill leave in the morning
in the evening under
Tails of cows
= constantly
moving
81
Power & Leadership
The Foolish Speaking About The Affairs Of The People

May llh have mercy on a man who
knows his own worth
does not go beyond his limit
guards his tongue
does not waste his life
[Ghurar Al-Hikam]
One
becomes
humbled by
the fact
that he/she
has only
little
knowledge
One
realizes
that he/she
knows
nothing
Power & Leadership
Attacks On
Than The Sharah
63
Thawbn (r.a.) narrated that the

The other nations will soon
attack you just as people
devour a plate of food.
Suy
Unworthy Leaders
Prophet (s.a.w.) said, By the One whose

t be established until e the wul are
e was asked concerning them and replied,
tat are those who downtrodden.
a leader among his companions based on the
Khalid Ibn Wald (r.a.) was selected as the general.

(r.a.), Khalid (r.a.) was replaced with bu Ubaydah Ibn
tached to Khalid (r.a.) that they thought as long as Khalid

y war. Umar (r.a.) wanted them to know that victory and
Widespread Injustice & Oppression

hed until the earth is full
Power & Leadership
The Strong Devouring The Weak
phet (s.a.w.) said

after the demise of the
rs, the strong devouring
Power & Leadership

Lack of
justice
Increase in
oppression
Power And Leadership

From A True Muslim's Perspective
Not for
personal
gain
To serve
the people
Allah
Power & Leadership

l (r.a.) once gave a loan to a nonMuslim, but he did not write it down.
However, the man denied having taken
The case was brought to the judge,
Shurayh Al-Qai. He ruled that without a
prove, l (r.a.) could not demand his
Even though he was the caliph, l (r.a.)
accepted the ruling and smiled because
Shurayh had made his judgement based
on the laws of llh.
(r.a.) had spoken the truth, and he

accepted Islam.
z, it was the custom that before they conquer

people to Islam first.
as conquered by a surprise attack. The priests of

nt to Caliph Umar bdul zz, and he sent a
to appoint a judge and decide over this matter.
mies must leave the land immediately. Only

vite the people to Islam, and the people were
paying tribute, or war.
arkand started to accept Islam because of the
y The Kabah
Worship & Knowledge
mn Becomes Rare
will come upon the

d pray in the mosques,
No More .Hajj
Worship & Knowledge
Destruction Of Kabah
The Ka bah will be destroyed by
Dhu Suwayqatayn from Abyssinia.
This will happen right towards
the end of time.
The Year Of The Elephant:
Attempt To Destroy The Kabah
Abrahah, the governor of Yemen, which
was under the Abyssinian Empire, had built
a building called Al-Qullais in Sana. He

called the Arabs to make pilgrimage there
instead of Makkah, with intention to divert
the trade from Makkah to Yemen.
An infuriated Quraysh man came and
urinated and defecated inside the building.
Abrahah became angry and decided to
invade Makkah. He came with a huge
army, including elephants, to destroy the
Kabah.
Abdul Mualib, the leader of the Quraysh,
told the people to go and seek refuge in
the mountains. He went to see Abrahah to
ask for the return of his stolen camels.
ABYSSINIA
Abrahah asked him why was he asking
about the camels when the Kabah was
about to be destroyed.
'Abdul Mualib said, "I am the owner of
the camels, and this House has its own
Owner Who will surely protect it."
And llh protected the Kabah. When the
army reached the Valley of Muhassar,
between Muzdalifah and Mina, Allh sent
flocks of birds which pelted the army with
stones and destroyed them.
89
Lifting Of The Qurn
What will happen to those
who do not know about
Islm?
llh will be
Some scholars said for those
who never hear the call of
Islm, or they hear about it in
an incorrect form, llh will
test them on the Day of
Worship & Knowledge
Paradise and whoever
A Single Sajdah Is Better Than The World
This shows how rare an act of
Worship & Knowledge
Return To Idol Worship
et (s.a.w.) said,
until Lt and Uzz are
enger of llh, I thought
ed, It is He Who has sent
he religion of truth, to
ven though the
will be so long as llh
nt breeze, and everyone
their hearts will die, and
hey will return to the
No More La Ilha IllAllh

ntil no one remains upon
91
Removal Of Mountains

ntil the mountains are removed from
things which you never saw before.
Animals & Inanimate Objects Speaking
at the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, By

the Hour will not be established
o people and until a person speaks
oelaces and until a persons thigh
ly did in their absence.
Prophet (s.a.w.) said, While a man

him and said, 'I have not been
en created for sloughing. The
and Ùmar believe in the story.
lf caught a sheep, and when the

Who will be its guard on the day
no shepherd for it except me?'
w.) said, I, Abu Bakr and Ùmar
Nature
Lack Of Blessing In Rain
Nature

ntil the people will be given
m the earth will grow forth.
but nothing
77

ntil the Euphrates
which people will kill.
will die, and each one of
e survivor.
People will kill

for the gold.
Out of 100
people, only 1
will survive.
The Breeze Which Will Take The Soul Of The Believers
llh will send

a cool breeze
from Syria.
nd even if one of you
This will happen
right towards
major signs
93
Power & Leadership
Madnah Expelling Its Evil Residents

when a person will invite
me to prosperity, come to
or them, if they only
my soul, no one will leave
place them with someone
ows expelling impurities,

d until Madnah expels its
the impurities of iron.
Ruin Of Madnah
t the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,

nah will become abandoned,
This will
happen
towards the
end of time.
There will be
no one in
Madnah,
except the
animals.
94
A Ruler From The Tribe Of Qahtn

ntil a man emerges from
It was not
mentioned
whether he is a
good person or
a bad person.
The Ruler Called Jahjh

until a slave will rule.
According to scholars
Power & Leadership
A person who is not worthy

or with bad characters.
95
Power & Leadership
Ruin Of The Army Wanting To Destroy The Kabah

use, and an army will be
s the open ground the
O Messenger of llh,
ccompany the army?
them up and then
of Judgement
The army will
be swallowed
by the earth.
Demise Of The Tribe Of Quraysh

emise will be Quraysh, and
by a sandal and say, This
The Quraysh
will be the first
tribe to go into
demise.
96
Power & Leadership
Conquering Of Constantinople
t the Prophet (s.a.w.)

, Madnah will become
abandoned there
e great battle occurs
and when Constantinople
CONSTANTINOPLE
under the Byzantine Empire.
It was conquered by the Muslims under the

n 1453 AD.
The Muslims Going To Shm

y of trial will be in

The Mahd
at the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,

d will emerge. llh will
will bring forth its vegetation,
be plentiful and the ummah
Categorize as a
different
One who is most guided
Power & Leadership
(The Khulaf r-Rshidn were

also known as Al-Mahdyn)
Name:
Muammad ibn bdullh
(s.a.w.), from the line of Fimah
Prominent forehead
Pointed nose
lled before
Power & Leadership
d kill one another over the treasure of the Kabah.
his initial supporters will also be from the East.

eople will give him the pledge of allegiance.
e for seven years.

n honor reserved for the ummah of the Prophet (s.a.w.).
ent into hiding.
The Mahd wase

li (r.a.)
s (a.s.)
Some scholars (incorrect opinion)
Al-Mukhtr ibn Ubayd l-Thaqafi
Ubaydullh ibn Maymn
bdullh Al-Barbari
Himself
Juhayman Al-Otaybi
Power & Leadership

They declared that the Mahd,
Muhammad ibn bdullah lQaani, had arrived and
demanded the people to pledge
The siege lasted for two weeks.

> 200 died.
> 500 injured.
as claimed by e
bdullh ibn Saba
Some scholars (weak opinion)
ple to give him bayah.
et (s.a.w.).
in adth.
s mentioned in adth.
Narrations not in
Bukhri or Muslim
These two books,
although the most
authentic, do not
encompass all of the
Opens the door to

false claims
From studying the
signs, we can
recognize truth from
falsehood
Descent of
's
Khasf in
Arabian
Peninsula
Sun Rising
From The
West
Ya'jj &
Makjj
bdullh ibn mr narrated

that the Prophet (s.a.w.)
said, The signs [of the
Hour] are like beads on a
string, once the string is
cut, the beads will fall in
quick succession.
Amad
The Smoke
The Great Fire
Exact order of these signs is not

agreed upon or explicitly established
in an authentic narration.
What seem to be apparent:
Final sign will be the Great Fire.
The Dajjl
bdullh ibn Umar (r.a.) narrated

I warn you of him, and there was
not a single prophet except that
he too warned his people.
However, I will mention
something which no prophet
mentioned before to his people;
Muslim
given him, he will bring out all types of trials:

, oppression, etc.
minent forehead and large body.
a thin layer of film on it.

the word ka, fa, ra
illiterate believer)
ab ibn Juthmah (r.a.) narrated

The Dajjl will not emerge until
the people forget his mention,
and the imams neglect to speak
of him from the pulpits.
1/3
1/3
2/3
2/3
decrease
decrease
decrease
decrease
in
in
in
in
rain
vegetation
rain
vegetation
No rain
afah bint Umar (r.a.) narrated

that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, He
[i.e Dajjl will emerge due to
extreme anger he will feel.
Muslim
Amad
Note:
The narrations do not
contradict other adth.
No hadth confirms or rejects
that the Dajjl is alive.
103
The Prophet (s.a.w.) went to

Ibn Sayyd and questioned him:
Prophet (s.a.w.):
Ibn Sayyd, don't you bear witness
that I am the messenger of llh?
Ibn Sayyd:
I bear witness to the fact that you
the messenger of the unlettered.
Ibn Sayyd:
Do you bear witness to the fact that
I am the messenger of llh?
Prophet (s.a.w.) rejected and said:
I affirm my faith in llh and
in His messengers.
Prophet (s.a.w.):
What do you see?
Ibn Sayyd:
It is a Dukh.
The Prophet (s.a.w.):
May you be disgraced and
dishonored, you would not be
able to go beyond your rank.
Umar (r.a.) asked the Prophet
(s.a.w) to let him kill Ibn Sayyd.
Prophet (s.a.w.) replied:

If he is the same (Dajjl) who would
appear near the Last Hour, you
would not be able to overpower him,
and he is not that then is no good
for you to kill him.
[Muslim]
104

Dajjl will come, and he
will climb Uud, and he
will look [at] Madnah,
and he will say to his
companions: Do you see
that white palace? That is
the mosque of Amad.
Then he will come

to Madnah, and he will
find on each gateway of it
a drawn[-armed] angel, so
he will come to the
wasteland of Al-Jurf, and
he will strike his camp.
ch will be
Then Madnah will quake
three quakes, and there
will not remain a [male]
hypocrite nor a [female]
hypocrite, and no [male]
evil-doer nor a [female]
evil-doer, but went out to
him, and that is the Day of
Riddance.
Musnad Amad
is the Lord
105
hey ask if he
er negatively.
him, but Dajjl

ent. So they will
o the people
het (s.a.w.)
false Messiah.
between
n him, but the man
ck will turn
ears to be the fire.
Jannah and
e martyrs
[Muslim]
106
s (a.s.) will descend

before the onset of a
great battle.
Learning about
Seeking llhs
help
Reading and
memorizing the
opening passage of
Srah al-Kahf
The first three
[Tirmidhi]
salm
the last tashahhud,

four things and say:
Upon seeing s (a.s.),

the Dajjl will begin to
disintegrate, and then
s will kill him.
Makkah and
Madnah during
that time
Seeking refuge in llh
from the Dajjl
after the last
tashahhud and before
The Dajjl lives in

the Bermuda Triangle.
about the Dajjl.
Rather, there are other
things more dangerous
to a Muslim.
MISGUIDING LEADERS
eWhat I fear most for my
nation is misguiding leaders.
Some tribes among my nation
will worship idols and some
tribes among my nation will
join the idolaters. Before the
Hour comes there will be
nearly thirty Dajjl (great
liars), each of them claiming to
be a Prophet. But a group
victorious, and those who
Descent Of s (a.s.)
To become overly
worried and paranoid
s and made it seem to the people that he was crucified.
ast), We killed Messiah, son of

llh, - but they killed him not,
nce of s (Jesus) was put over
therein are full of doubts. They
follow nothing but conjecture.
llh raised him up unto Himself.
e. And there is none of the people
n him, before his death. And on
a witness against them.
FACT
FINDER
The Umayyad Mosque in Damascus,
Syria, was commissioned by the 6th
Umayyad Caliph, Al-Wald, in the
year 706.
Urwah Ibn Masd (r.a.) resembled him
he Prophet said: The Prophets are

e different, but their religion is
UMAYYAD
MOSQUE
have more right to Ìsa, son of

between him and I. He will
him. He is a well-built man, (the
white. He will descend while
ments. His head appears to be
oisture touched it. He will break
he Jizyah and will call the people to
stroy all religions except Islam and
(the False Messiah). Safety will
the lions will mingle with camels,
heep. Children will play with
m. Ìsa will remain for forty years
offer the funeral prayer for him.)
the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, By the

way of Raw, making the
them together.
Ibn Mjah
Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) reported

that the Prophet s.a.w. said :
ehe shall stand at my grave
side and say: O Muhammad!
and I will answer him.
Majma Zawaid
after which he will die.
Yajj & Majj
m, from the progeny of Yafith ibn. N (a.s.).
in the thousands.
ring of a thousand.
n Umar (r.a.):
Glorifying Allh
1/10:
Jinn
1/10:
1/10:
9/10:
Ya'jj & Ma'jj
ween two mountains where the

e could barely understand.
etween them and Yajj Majj.
j Majj, using sheets of iron placed between

with copper to strengthen the structure.
k through the dam

s decreed.
n to search for the wall in his Al-Bidyah Wan-Nihyah.
Abbasid Empire dreamed that the wall of Yajj Majj

ion led by Sallm Al-Tarjuman in order to gain news of it.
y came to a dam built out of iron and copper, with huge

he north-east. The dam is very high and could not be
the dam.
Every day
We shall continue
tomorrow.
The dam is back to
its original state.
One day (when llh decrees)

We shall continue tomorrow
insh llh*.
The dam will be as they left it.
t on the name
o succeed.
They will continue digging

and then emerge.

shipped but llh. Woe to
se. Today, there has
ajj the likes of this.
mb and forefinger.
drink whole
rivers dry
wreak havoc and

destruction
earth
FACT FINDER
MOUNT .R
in the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt

in Palestine
After Their Destruction

After a while, the Muslims will need
to go out from their hiding place to
get food and water. No one will
volunteer, so they will choose
one of them to go.
The person will see the carcasses of
Yajj Majj and bring the glad
tidings to the others.
The earth will be filled with their

stench. llh will send down rain to
carry their bodies into the sea.
The people then live in safety and
peace. There were no fighting.
Hajj will still be performed.
Not long after this, llh will send
a breeze that will take away
the souls of the believers.
Only disbelievers will remain.
Kabah will be destroyed.
115
Khasf In East, In West, And In The Arabian Peninsula
a.) narrated that the

established until there
khasf in the West and a
over time, but the three khasfs

ecedented.
Qurn in other contexts,
ow him and his home. And

id him other than llh ,
fend themselves.
The Smoke
good deeds before six:

moke, the Dajjl, the
y of Judgement.
g The Smoke
e sign of the Smoke refers to:

A sign that will
A sign yet to occur
Will take place
towards the end of
time
Opinion of a number
of companions, such
as li, bdullh b.
bbs and bu Sad
he sky will bring forth a visible smoke. Covering

t. (They will say): Our Lord! Remove the torment
lievers! How can there be for them an
plaining things clearly has already come to them.
The Beast
take place twice

One has already
occurred
One is yet to come
Narration of Ibn
Masd
ah (beast) means anything that walks.
o be the rk of N (a.s.) was found.

s a symbol of the Ark.
will be the she-camel of li (a.s.) or its child.

and llh knows best.
succeeding the rising of the sun from the west.
Mark some people on their noses.

Abu Ummah Al-Bhili (r.a.)
narrated that the Prophet
(s.a.w.) said, The Beast will
emerge and mark some people
on their noses, and these
people will then mix with you. A

man will buy a camel and will be
asked, Who did you buy it
from? He will reply, I bought it
from one of the marked ones.
Mujma Al-Zawid
119
Sun Rising From The West

This is
e morning. Whichever of
succeed it quickly.
Muslim
Dharr (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.)

he sun goes when it sets.
One eveninge
The sun will be about to prostrate itself
but its prostration will not be accepted.
It will ask permission to go on its course
but it will not be permitted.
llh order it to return from where it
the Prophet (s.a.w.) said, Hasten

with good deeds before six: the sun
rising from the West, the Smoke,
death, and the Day of Judgement.
referring to
the signs
during the
actual day
Qiymah
Muslim
or good deeds will no longer be accepted.

t benefit any person to gain
sing from the West, the Dajjl
her than that the angels should

ould come, or that some of the
e day that some of the Signs of
do to a person to believe then,
ed good through his Faith.
The Great Fire
a.) narrated that the Prophet

hed until there are ten signsethe
ich will emanate from Yemen
of gathering.
A great fire will come from

the area of Hadramawt, Yemen.
What to do when this happens?
Why Shm?
he Prophet (s.a.w.) said, The people will

who will have hope and fear, those riding
or ten on a camel. The rest of the people
which will accompany them at the time
h them whence they will spend the
morning wherever they may be then,
oon wherever they may be then.
In a narration in Sunan An-Nasai,

some of the people will be:
Riding, well fed and well cloth
Dragged on the face,
driven by the fire
Walking with great difficulty
continue tomorrow.

ewhen the trumpet will be blown,
everyone on the earth and in the
heavens will become unconscious
except those whom llh will
exempt. The trumpet will be blown

for the second time and I will be the
first to be resurrected to see Moses
holding llh's Throne. I will not
know whether the unconsciousness
which Moses received on the Day of
r has been sufficient for him, or
has he got up before me.
Bukhri
knowledge
ple of knowledge
t and come close to Allh
the belly of the whale, he

lh saved him.
e stayed in the remembrance
124
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84
Trial Of
Power
Dhal-Qarnayn
them the hastily

approaching
or and minor signs.
affect vast
er in quick
Ignorance
increases.
Trial
increases.
But they persisted

in arrogance
and disbelief.
n Peninsula
Nature
-Khawlni (r.a.)
e Prophet gained a considerable following in Yemen, he and Abu
) had a dialogue.
at I am indeed the Messenger of llh?
at Muhammad is the Messenger of llh?
nts of Yemen.
man that 'The Liar' tried to burn with fire?
you him?
iffn, near the bank of the

Euphrates river in Syria
Muwiyahs (r.a.) camp
Believers
They arrived first
at iffn and took
over the water
area.
WEALTH
IGNORANCE
Ignorance
Increase Of Literacy
Seeking Knowledge From
The Unqualified
Boasting Knowledge
With Little Action
The Strangeness Of Islm
Dreams Of The Believers
Coming True
Competing In
Construction Of Tall
Buildings
Wealth Becoming
Plentiful
Stinginess
The Earth Bringing Forth
Its Treasures
Earning A Living Through
Words
The Markets Being
Controlled By A Few
Not Caring About Lawful
NATURE
The Moon Expanding
Many Earthquakes
Arabian Peninsula
Returning To Greenery
Closeness Of Time
ances lone, Plentiful Commerce
Income
Adornment Of Houses
The Most Prosperous Of
People Is Luka B. Luka
Embargos Upon Iraq &
Shm
POWER &
LEADERSHIP
People
Empire
Responsibility Falling To
The Unworthy
Security Personnel
Beating The People
The Foolish Speaking
About The Affairs Of The
Ruling With Other Than
The Shar h
Attacks On The Muslim
Unworthy Leaders
Widespread Injustice &
Oppression
The Strong Devouring
The Weak
teach the
oal instead of
erses and
the Qurn.
ni Ghutayf
he Himyar
With Little Action
re trials in
hypocrite,
set to conquer
GENOCIDE
de of 1994,
nd 50,000
Pray While
Others Sleep
The Muslim Empire
Attachment
to power
To exercise
justice
To be
closer to
stolen camels.
Khasf in East
The Beast
the Dajjl and

teaching others
more or less
conquered the

All Around Us Qabeelat Ihsaan

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CONTENTS

Knowledge & Ignorance

Power & Leadership

67. mn Becomes Rare

enjoyment, and indeed, the Hereafter - that is

Signs and Reminders

Difficulties and Trials

FIQH OF THE SIGNS OF THE HOUR

am His Messenger who He sent with the truth, believes in

bu Ms l- shri (r.a.) narrated that

During the Tabk expedition, the

FIQH OF THE SIGNS OF THE HOUR

FIQH OF THE SIGNS OF THE HOUR

The Prophet (s.a.w.) said,

Using Weak Narrations And

Stay away from trials;

FIQH OF THE SIGNS OF THE HOUR

udhayfah ibn Usaid Ghifari (r.a.)

MINOR SIGNS WHICH HAVE PASSED

The Battle Of Siffn

The Splitting Of The Moon

MINOR SIGNS WHICH HAVE PASSED

MINOR SIGNS WHICH HAVE PASSED

killed, would you turn back on your

This religion is based upon knowledge.

The knowledge that the Prophet (s.a.w.) taught them

MINOR SIGNS WHICH HAVE PASSED

MINOR SIGNS WHICH HAVE PASSED

The Modern Day Khawrij

and they were of those people who were sinners.

MINOR SIGNS WHICH HAVE PASSED

Awf ibn Mlik (r.a.) narrated that

During caliphate of Umar (r.a.).

The plague was most severe in mws, Syri

MINOR SIGNS WHICH HAVE PASSED

a land, do not approach it. If it attacks a land where you live,

Many miracles which happened revolved around nature. For example:

MINOR SIGNS WHICH HAVE PASSED

However, Bill (r.a.) continued and completed the adhn.

In charge of the conquest

MINOR SIGNS WHICH HAVE PASSED

MINOR SIGNS WHICH HAVE PASSED

MINOR SIGNS WHICH HAVE PASSED

Umar (r.a.) narrated in the famous adth of Jibrl that

Umar : Are you Uwais ibn Amir?

diyy ibn tim (r.a.) narrated, The Prophet (s.a.w.) said,

MINOR SIGNS ALL AROUND US

The Dead Masjid

The False Prophets

You are only two ears and a chest,

Imrn ibn uayn (r.a.) narrated that

[This is] a blessed Book which We

Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,

mentioned the trial of als, so he was asked concerning this

the man and the woman, the

bdullh ibn Masd (r.a.)

Abu Umayyah Al-Jumai (r.a.)

Someone asked: Will that be because of our small numbers

MINOR SIGNS ALL AROUND US

Abu Hurayrah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.) said,

MINOR SIGNS ALL AROUND US

MINOR SIGNS ALL AROUND US