ARCHITECTURE + URBANISM - Camillo Sitte - City Planning According To Artistic Principles (1889) PDF

9/25/2015
ARCHITECTURE + URBANISM: Camillo Sitte: City Planning According to Artistic Principles (1889)
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ARCHITECTURE + URBANISM
A BLOG FROM THE MA ARCHITECTURE + URBANISM COURSE AT THE MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF
ARCHITECTURE
The MA Architecture + Urbanism course is the Manchester School of Architecture's taught

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explored in written, drawn and modelled work which builds on the legacy of twentieth
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Camillo Sitte: City Planning According to Artistic

Principles (1889)
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Thouron Award 2013
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PAGEVIEWS FROM THE PAST WEEK
2909
Despite being written over 120 years ago, Camillo Sittes most famous
work is still seen as relevant today as it was when published in 1889.
'Paddy' Patton's tumblr
CityPlanningaccordingtoArtisticPrinciples is not purely an
336_Days tumblr
http://architectureandurbanism.blogspot.mk/2012/11/camillo-sitte-city-planning-according.html
1/10
9/25/2015
attack on the modern planning systems of the time, but an attempt to
@jackpb's MA A+U tumblr
define a unity between modern and artistic methods through the
Bike Upright Urban Solutions
creation of suitable public space. Upon its publication a new breed of
CONSUMED: 3 May 2012
theorists and practitioners developed who were concerned with the city
and its planning. Camillo Sitte was born in Vienna and it was here
where he conducted the basis of his work. Whilst Sitte trained as an
Architect, he had a strong artistic background and found prominence
CONTINUITY IN ARCHITECTURE
Catarqsis Urbana
DETROIT: BY DESIGN
as an academic. He worked in a time of intense change in European
David Chandler's Blog
cities as economic factors, sanitation and transport were becoming the
EAMONN CANNIFFE
most important influences on city planning - planning was becoming
EDUCATION UK
an exercise undertaken in plan on the drafting board, not on site in the
GET OVER IT!
street or the square. He travelled extensively throughout Europe

visiting cities in Italy, France and Germany as well as his native
HIVE MINDS: FUTURE PROOFING

MANCHESTER
Austria. Through his travels, Sitte observed how these cities had
Just Architecture
developed and established a set of principles by which he believed cities
Laura Minca's Archive
should be planned. These ideas were based primarily on the plaza and
associated public space and were presented in CityPlanning
accordingtoArtisticPrinciples. The book is mainly concerned
with the increasingly technical way our cities were being designed at
the expense of traditional artistic methods. Whilst Sitte laments the
loss of these artistic methods and techniques witnessed during his
frequent travels throughout Europe, he accepted that modern
Lisa Kinch's MA A+U tumblr

Look Up Manchester
MA ARCHITECTURE + URBANISM
at MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF
ARCHITECTURE
MANUFACTURING UTOPIA
techniques were required in city planning with particular regard to
MONU Magazine on Urbanism
increased levels of hygiene and motorised traffic.
Mark Turner's tumblr

Open Source Architecture
SCREAM: ANALOG CREATIVITY
SQUIDTHINK
TEMENOS
THE ITALIAN PIAZZA
THE URBAN BIOS
The City as a Project
The Postmodern Palimpsest:
Narrating Contemporary Rome
Theatrum Mundi / Global Street
Thesis Brooklyn 2011-2012: Arnout
Van Soom
Urban Lifeguard
Year Out Blog
Sitte was concerned that impressive modern buildings were

increasingly being seen against a backdrop of poor public space as all
resources were poured into the architecture of a building, not its
surroundings. From his travels, he saw the work of the Renaissance
acrito - the platform for architecture

students
cities@manchester
khoros architecture
and Baroque periods as exemplar in their use and manipulation of

public space and as such he wanted to achieve a unity between modern
methods and the artistic techniques of the past. CityPlanning
accordingtoArtisticPrinciples maintains that the key element of
successful city planning is the plaza or public square. There exists a
ABOUT ME
EA M ON N CA NN IF FE
Eamonn Canniffe leads the

2/10
9/25/2015
context and history of use in these public spaces which make them vital
Architecture Research
to cities. When created and utilised correctly they create a backdrop to
Centre and the MA in
everyday life within the city, animating their surrounding buildings as
Architecture + Urbanism at
well as providing a space to observe powerful buildings and
the Manchester School of
monuments as they were intended to be seen. Sitte observed many
Architecture. He was
plazas during his travels and defined three types of public plaza based
educated in Architecture at
upon their intended use; the palace plaza, the cathedral plaza and the
Cambridge and Harvard Universities.
town hall plaza. These public spaces concentrated all the prominent
In 1996 he held a Rome Scholarship
buildings of their type in one pure space within the city where all
in the Fine Arts at the British School
distraction and unnecessary elements could be excluded. Sitte cites the
at Rome. Between 1986 and 1998 he
Palazzo Del Duomo in Pisa as an exemplar religious plaza where the
taught at the University of
placement of the cathedral, baptistry, crypt and religious quarters
Manchester School of Architecture,
within one unified space creates a pure chord rarely seen in todays
and between 1998 and 2006 at the
cities. One of the key characteristics of successful public plazas is their
University of Sheffield School of
enclosed nature, restricting views out of the space and limiting endless
Architecture. He is the author of
perspectives. Aligned with this idea is that of buildings being built into
Urban Ethic: Design in the
the walls of the plaza. Sitte states that the centre of plazas are not
Contemporary City (Routledge 2006)
suitable positions for buildings, the best location being tied in to the
(Chinese edition --
plaza walls to ensure the enclosure of the public space. He backs this
2013) and The Politics of the
stance up with his observations of churches in Rome where only 6 of
Piazza: the history and meaning of the
the 255 churches are not attached to another building.
Italian square (Ashgate 2008). He is

co-author (with Tom Jefferies) of
Manchester Architecture Guide
(1999) and (with Peter Blundell
Jones) of Modern Architecture
through Case Studies 1945-1990
(Architectural Press 2007), (Chinese
edition 1945--1990
2009) (Spanish edition Modelos de la
Arquitectura Moderna -Volumen II
1945-1990 2013). For a number of
years he has served as Architecture
Series Editor for Ashgate Publishing.
VI EW M Y C OMP LET E P R OFI LE
Sitte is also concerned with the position of monuments within public
FOLLOWERS
spaces. As with the siting of buildings, he believes that the centres of

plazas should be kept free to allow essential lines of communication
and sight to be maintained. He observes that modern plazas are often
blocked by the installation of a statue on the central axis. A more
suitable approach is the placement of items around the edge of a plaza
which allows for more decorations as well as developing more dramatic
environments for statues. The history of Michelangelos David is cited
as an example of how modern thought has spoilt the appreciation of
the famous statue. Michelangelo created the marble statue to sit in
front of the Palazzo Vecchio in the Palazzo della Signoria in Florence.
Its position here contrasted with the surroundings, emphasising the
3/10
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scale of the work; upon its relocation within an art gallery after over
350 years this contrast was lost. Through all this, Sittes main concern
is that of space. He states that the plaza should define an area of
suitable proportions that people could comprehend and understand the
Jointhissite
with Google Friend Connect
Members(190) More
extent of the space. Sitte mentions that the increasingly large

proportions of modern plazas is linked to the newly diagnosed
condition of agoraphobia. CityPlanningaccordingtoArtistic
Principles is also concerned about the increasing use of grid layouts
for streets in the development of cities. Sitte uses similar principles to
those of plazas to define how streets should work within the city;
notably the definition of suitable space, the reduction of endless
perspectives and the bending or re-routing of streets to avoid the
Alreadyamember?Signin
creation of awkward junctions and plazas. Camillo Sitte accepts that

modern systems of city planning cannot be avoided and can be of
benefit if developed with artistic methods in mind. He draws attention
to several examples of modern development from Germany and Austria
which he sees as more suitable as well as highlighting several of his
BLOG ARCHIVE
2015 (27)
own exemplar projects which try to unite artistic methods into a
2014 (51)
modern city planning system. He concludes by presenting a series of
2013 (58)
proposals for Viennas Western Ringstrasse where he suggests several
2012 (78)
interventions to adapt the current city layout to create more suitable

public spaces for the existing prominent and powerful buildings.
These proposals ultimately fell on deaf ears as none were implemented.
December (6)
November (7)
accordingtoArtisticPrinciples have persisted and found favour
The World Has Been Empty

Since The Romans: Archite...
particularily with the Townscape movement of the 1950s.
Where 4 are they now?
However, the ideas put forward by Camillo Sitte in CityPlanning
Camillo Sitte: City Planning

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POST ED BY EAMON N CAN N I FFE AT 1 3: 29

LA BELS: SIT TE
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Camillo Sitte
1COMMENT:
ColinFragar 29 November 2012 at 00:16
Camillo Sitte...he has been the ideal of so many people. His
principle and theory for planning a city is really great.
Reply
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The MA Architecture + Urbanism course is the Manchester School of Architecture's taught

MA A+U STUDENT SUCCESSES

Camillo Sitte: City Planning According to Artistic

Think Space Money 2014 Competition

RIBA Boyd Auger Scholarship 2013

PAGEVIEWS FROM THE PAST WEEK

'Paddy' Patton's tumblr

CityPlanningaccordingtoArtisticPrinciples is not purely an

attack on the modern planning systems of the time, but an attempt to

@jackpb's MA A+U tumblr

define a unity between modern and artistic methods through the

Bike Upright Urban Solutions

creation of suitable public space. Upon its publication a new breed of

CONSUMED: 3 May 2012

as an academic. He worked in a time of intense change in European

David Chandler's Blog

cities as economic factors, sanitation and transport were becoming the

most important influences on city planning - planning was becoming

an exercise undertaken in plan on the drafting board, not on site in the

GET OVER IT!

street or the square. He travelled extensively throughout Europe

HIVE MINDS: FUTURE PROOFING

developed and established a set of principles by which he believed cities

Laura Minca's Archive

Lisa Kinch's MA A+U tumblr

techniques were required in city planning with particular regard to

MONU Magazine on Urbanism

increased levels of hygiene and motorised traffic.

Mark Turner's tumblr

Sitte was concerned that impressive modern buildings were

acrito - the platform for architecture

and Baroque periods as exemplar in their use and manipulation of

Eamonn Canniffe leads the

to cities. When created and utilised correctly they create a backdrop to

Centre and the MA in

everyday life within the city, animating their surrounding buildings as

well as providing a space to observe powerful buildings and

the Manchester School of

monuments as they were intended to be seen. Sitte observed many

Cambridge and Harvard Universities.

In 1996 he held a Rome Scholarship

in the Fine Arts at the British School

distraction and unnecessary elements could be excluded. Sitte cites the

at Rome. Between 1986 and 1998 he

Palazzo Del Duomo in Pisa as an exemplar religious plaza where the

taught at the University of

placement of the cathedral, baptistry, crypt and religious quarters

Manchester School of Architecture,

and between 1998 and 2006 at the

cities. One of the key characteristics of successful public plazas is their

University of Sheffield School of

Architecture. He is the author of

Urban Ethic: Design in the

Contemporary City (Routledge 2006)

2013) and The Politics of the

stance up with his observations of churches in Rome where only 6 of

Piazza: the history and meaning of the

the 255 churches are not attached to another building.

Italian square (Ashgate 2008). He is

Sitte is also concerned with the position of monuments within public

spaces. As with the siting of buildings, he believes that the centres of