A

UniKL MALAYSIA FRANCE INSTITUTE

SOLUTION AND MARKING SCHEME
FINAL EXAM
TECHNOPRENEURSHIP (WBB 10102)
Question
No.
PART A
1
2
PART B
1
2
3
4

Topics Covered

Marks Allocated

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT

BUSINESS MODEL FOR TECHNOLOGY VENTURE

[20 marks]
[20 marks]

VENTURE GROWTH AND NETWORKING

MARKETING STRATEGY FOR TECHNOLOGIES
MANAGING PRODUCTION & OPERATION
FINANCING & VENTURE CAPITAL

[20 marks]
[20 marks]
[20 marks]
[20 marks]

Page 1 of 10

Question
no
Section
A

Solution

Allocation
Marks

a) ONE (1) methods of protection for the intellectual property for each pictures:

3 marks
each
(1.0 marks
for identify
correctly
+ 2.0 marks
each point
with
explanation)

Question 1

1) Patent- An exclusive right granted for an innovation, which is a product

or a process that provides a new way of doing something; or offers a
new technical solution to a problem.
2) Trademark-Distinctive word, phrases, logo, domain
names, graphic
symbols, slogans, device name, signature or any combination thereof
etc used to identify product and distinguish product of a manufacturer/
merchant product/service to another.
3) Industrial design-refers to the shape; pattern, configuration, ornaments
or color/s of an article which must be appealing to the eyes and
reproducible by industrial means.
4) Copyright-is a set of exclusive rights regulating the use of a particular

expression of an idea or information. Copyright may subsist in a wide

range of creative, intellectual, or artistic forms or "works".
b) Four function of trademark
Origin Function

A trademark help to identify the

source and those responsible for
the products and services sold in
the market.

Choice Function

A trademark enables consumers to choose

goods and services with ease while shopping.

Quality Function

Consumers choose a particular trademark for

its known quality.

Marketing function Trademarks play important roles in marketing.

It is normal for consumers to make purchases
based on continuous influence of advertising.
Economic Function Established trade mark is a valuable asset.
Trademark may be licensed or franchised.

Question 2
Page 2 of 10

8 marks
(2 marks for
any 4
points)

a) Four (4) types of business models:

1. Bricks and Clicks business models
2. Direct Sales model
3. Franchise
4. Freemium Business Model
5. Loyalty Business Model
6. Online Auction Business Model
7. Professional Open-source Model
8. Servitization of Product Business Model
9. Subcription Business Model
b) (i) This is a business model by which a company integrates both offline
(bricks) and online (clicks) services. One example of the bricks-andclicks model is when a chain of stores allows the users to order
products online, but lets them pick up their orders at a local store.
Bricks and clicks is a business strategy or business model in ecommerce by which a company attempts to integrate both online and
physical establishments. It is also known as Click-and-mortar or clicksand-bricks.
The bricks and clicks strategy has typically been used by traditional
retailers who have extensive logistical and supply chains. Part of the
reason for its success is that it is far easier for a traditional retailer to
establish an online presence than it is for a start-up company to
employ a successful pure dot.com strategy, or for an online retailer to
establish a traditional presence. This strategy has contradicted analysts
who believed that the Internet would render traditional retailers
obsolete through disintermediation.

8 marks
(2.0 marks
for any 4
points)

8 marks
(1 marks for
each point +
1 mark for
explanation
of each
points)

(ii) Example of bricks and click business : 1. Amazon.com, 2. Mudah.com

4 marks
(2 marks for
each
example)

Question 1
a) Four (4) Importance of networking
SECTION
B
1. Build confidence
In business, a technopreneur may face uncertainties like the possible loss in
investment. Competitors and products are not able to penetrate into the
market. This uncertainty can be reduced by having a good network. The
technopreneur may obtain reliable information related to his business such
as investment opportunities, identifying market share and producing the
right product.
2. Reduce bureaucracy
Rigid bureaucracy will delay the process of business activities. Networking
will enable technopreneurs to reduce the red tape in decision-making
Page 3 of 10

12 marks
(3 marks for
each point
with
explanation)

through speeding up the application, saving time finance and other

resources, avoiding them from doing wrong things continuously etc.
3. Increased information
The networking will increase the technopreneurs reputation as everybody in
the networking circle will know what the technopreneur is doing. At the
same time, information like who is who in the networking circle will enable
the entrepreneur to get the right information to be utilized for the progress of
his business.
4. Develop trust
Trust is one of the most important factors in establishing a network. With
this trust, members in the networking circle will be prepared to give priority
to the technopreneurs products or services in their purchase decision.
Besides that, they are prepared to promote those products or services
through word of mouth.
5. Dependent situation exists
The success of a technopreneur greatly depends on contribution from
others. So in running the business, everybody depends on one another. So,
the technopreneur should ensure that his involvement in business will
provide benefits to others.
6. Source of creativity
Networking is also a source of creativity for the technopreneur in operating
the business where various groups in the networking circle will help to find
new ideas to create new products or services, new ways of producing and
marketing it. Besides that, members in the networking circle will provide
new business opportunities. All these ideas may come from friends,
workers, customers and distributors.
b) Four (4) ways to develop strategic networking
1. Fulfill invitation
2. Visits
3. From third person

6. E-mailing
7. Business cards
8. Sending cards

4. Giving souvenirs
5. Participation in formal
and informal function

9. Sending congratulatory cards

Page 4 of 10

8 marks
(2 marks for
each points
with
explanation)

Section
B

Question 2
a) Price Skimming - Charge a high price because the company has a
substantial competitive advantage. However, the advantage is not
sustainable. The high price tends to attract new competitors into the
market, and the price inevitably falls due to increased supply.

8 marks
(1 mark
each points
+ 3 marks
each
explanation)

b) Penetration pricing - The company uses a penetration approach to

gain market share. Prices could be increased at a later date. The price
charged for products and services is set artificially low in order to gain
market share. Once this is achieved, the price is increased.
b) SIX (6) steps in new product development
Step 1. Idea Development - New ideas can come from internal and external
sources.

12 marks
(2 marks
each point +
explanation)

Step 2. Idea Screening - In this stage, a firm should look at the internal
resources and assess the firms capacity to manufacture and market the
product.
Step 3. Business Analysis - A principle assessment of a products
profitability and compatibility in the market place
Step 4. Product Development A firm develops a prototype that should
disclose the products characteristics or attributes as perceived by the
customer
Step 5. Market Testing - A trial process so called a soft-launch of a product
in limited geographical locations that represent the potential market.
Step 6. Commercialization A firm will go for full-scale production,
distribution, and promotion.
Question 3
b) The diagram of transformation process

Page 5 of 10

8 marks
(2 marks for
diagram + 6
marks for
explanation)

a) (i) Output rate per month = Average sales forecast per month
Price per unit
=

RM 30000

= 3000

RM 10
Output rate per day = Output per month
Working day per month
= 3000 unit

= 150 unit per day

20 days
Output rate per hour = Output /day
Working hours / day
= 150
7
= 21.43 = 21 units
(ii) Machine capacity = Planned production per day
Machine productivity
= 150 / 40 = 3.75 = 4 machines
(iii) Worker capacity = production capacity per hour required
Workers capacity per hour
= 21 / 2 = 10.5 = 11 workers
(iv) Cost per unit = Total cost per month
Unit produced per month
Page 6 of 10

12 marks
(3 marks for
each
answer +
calculation)

= RM 57,000

= RM 19 per unit

3000 unit

12 marks
(1 mark for
each
answer)

Page 7 of 10

a) Balance sheet ABC Manufacturing

b) Profit & Loss Statement ABC Manufacturing

Fixed Assets
Property
Equipment
Vehicles
Total Fixed Assets

115,200

(1 mark)

40,310

(1 mark)

5,000

(1 mark)

160,510

Current Assets
Cash

10,520

(1 mark)

Accounts Receivable

17,000

(1 mark)

Inventories

20,000

(1 mark)

2000

(1 mark)

Prepaid expenses
Total Current Assets
TOTAL ASSETS

49,520
210,030

LIABILITIES AND EQUITIES

Current Liabilities
Accounts Payable

27000

Total Current Liabilities

27,000

Long-Term Debt

26100

Total Liabilities

53100

(1 mark)

(1 mark)

Owners' Equity
Common stock

28080

(1 mark)

Additional paid-in capital

45000

(1 mark)

Retained earning from prior years

45440

Retained Earnings

38410

Total Owners' Equity

156,930

TOTAL LIABILITIES & OWNERSS

EQUITY
Page 8 of 10

210,030

(1 mark)

8 marks
(1 mark
each
answer)

Sales

1,550,000

Cost of Sales

1,050,270

(1 mark)

499,730

Gross Profit
Selling expense

(1 mark)

Wages for salesperson

75,000

Marketing expense

30,000

Commission

25,000

Total Selling expense

(1 mark)

130,000

Operating Expenses
Salaries

220,000

Utilities

(1 mark)

12000 (1 mark)

Professional fees

2000 (1 mark)

Training

8000

(1 mark)

30,000 (1 mark)

EPF & SOCSO

Total operating expenses

272,000

Profit Before Tax

97730

Taxation

59320

Profit After Tax For The Year

38410

Page 9 of 10

(1 mark)

(1 mark)

Page 10 of 10