Chemical

Acids and Sulphur Oxides (SOx), or

Alkalis

Antidote / Medical Treatment

Wash with plenty of water if eyes or skin is
affected.
Do not give chemical antidote because it increases
heat and injury with reaction. Do not induce
vomiting.
Milk, lemon water or milk of magnesia can be
given.
Acetonitryl,
Acrylonitryl, Very careful treatment of cobalt E.D.T.A.
Lactronitryl, Cyanogen chloride or
(calocynor) and if that is not effective give
bromide
nitrite/thio sulphate treatment
Alkali phosphates and Ammonia
Immediately give water or milk and induce vomiting.
For the hypocalcimic effect of phosphate give 5 ml
intravenous injection of 10% calcium gluconate. If eye
or skin is affected wash with plenty of water for 15
min.
Ammonia
If skin is affected then wash with plenty of water for
15 min. and then wash with dilute lactic acid and
apply soframycin cream.
If eye is affected then wash by eye fountain with
plenty of water for 15 min. Put one drop of 0.4%
Benzocaine (Novocaine) solution in eye. Boric or
lactic acid solution eye drops can also be given,
If entered in throat then give smell through cotton
dipped in ethanol or ether through nose. Administer
oxygen in case of breathing difficulty.
Aniline, Toludine and Nitrobenzene
Methylene- Blue (1% solution). Ascorbic acid (5%
solution)
Administer oxygen in case of breathing difficulty.
Anticoagulants (Heparin) etc.
Protamin sulphate (1% solution), Vitamin-K (1%
solution).
Antimony and Stibine
Dymer caprol (BAL)
Benzene, Toluene & Xylene
Skin is affected then wash with plenty of water.
Administer Oxygen or shift to fresh air.
Diazepam 0.1 mg / kg. (iv), bed rest.
Bromides
Skin is affected then wash with plenty of water. Give 1
gm. Salt in water by mouth. If this is not possible then
intravenous (iv) injection of normal saline. Give milk
and water.
Boric acid and Boron derivatives
Ipecac solution and activated charcoal. Infra muscular
(im) injection of 5% dextrose if nausea.
Chlorine, Bromine, Phosgene

Skin is affected then wash with plenty of water. Apply

Sodium bicarbonate and again wash with water.
Eye is affected then flush eye in eye fountain. Put 2-3

Chromium

Cyanides
insecticides

and

Thiocyanate

Ethanol

Ethylene or Diethylene glycol

Fluorine, Hydrogen fluoride and
derivatives.

Formaldehyde
Formalin
Hydrogen sulphide, other sulphides
and Mercaptans

Hydrogen cyanide

Iodine and compositions

Iron salts
Lead compounds

drops in eye of Pontocaine 0.5% solution ot

Benzocaine (Novocain) 0.4% solution.
If inhaled then give smell through ethanol or ether
dipped cotton. ; Give milk, buttermilk or lemon water.
Give 02 in case of breathing difficulty
Dimercaprol. .Give high vitamins, protein and
carbohydrates in food.
Methylene blue.
Methylene blue or Calocyanides injection. If inhaled
gives smell of amyl nitrate ampule (0.2 ml) every 5
minutes.
Intravenous injection of Sodium nitrite (3% solution)
and Sodium thiosulphate (25% solution) but if blood
pressure decreases, then stop it.
4 DMAP (Dimethyl amino phenol) 3 mg/kg, iv, along
with thiosulphate.
Hydroxocobalamine, 4 gm,iv, in 5% dextrose.
Dicobalt edetate, 300 - 600 mp-, iv, over l-5min.
2 gm. Of Sodium bicarbonate in 250 ml water,
Diazepam 10 mg., by intravenous. Skin or eye is
affected then wash with plenty of water.
Ethanol, Calcium gluconate
Pyridoxine
Intravenous injection of 10 ml. Calcium gluconate
(10% solution). If serum magnesium level is low then
give 10 ml Milk of magnesia every hour. Give more
milk and liquids. If eye is affected then wash with
plenty of water.
Milk, activated charcoal or water.
Ammonium chloride or Ammonium carbonate (3%
solution).
Shift in fresh air or administer Oxygen. Give
inhalation of ethanol or ether drops. Amyl nitrite or
Sodium nitrite, Pyridoxine 20 mg./kg. or 10% urea 1
gm./kg by intravenous injection.
Give inhalation of 0.2 ml amyl nitrite dipped cotton.
Sodium nitrite (1% solution). Sodium thiosulphate
(30% solution), Cromosmon (1% methylene blue in
25 % glucose solution).
Milk, Fine starch solution, 100 ml of 1% Sodium
gluconate 10% solution.
Careful treatment of deferroxamine therapy.
CaNa2EDTA, D-Penicilliamine (oral), BAL (with
CaEDTA), Induce vomiting, then give Magnesium
sulphate in water.

Magnesium salts
Manganese
Mercury as Hg, Alkyl or Aryl
compounds

Metals (Heavy metals, mercury, lead,

copper, cobalt, arsenic, nickel)

Metal Compounds (Heavy metals

compositions)
Methanol

Nitrates, Nitrites, Nitrobennzene

Sulfonamides Dapsone
Orgao phosphorous insecticides (e.g.
Malathion,
Parathion,
Monocrotophos, Phorate)

Oxalic acid

p-Nitro Chlorobenzene (PNCB)

Phenol & Derivatives

Intravenous injection of 1 ml/ kg of Calcium

gluconate 10% solution.
Calcium edentate
Give white of egg in water. Later give milk, Then
induce vomiting. BAL, D-Pencilliamine, nAcetylcysteine, Dimercaptopropane- 1 sulfonate
DMPS).
Unithol (BAL, dimercaprol, 5% solution), Tetacin
calcium (10% solution), Penicillamine Dextrose
(10%) by intravenous injection. Chillating agent for
effect of mercury.
Activated carbon (carbolin)
BAL
Ethanol (30% solution from inside, 5% solution from
outside i.e. by intravenous injection), Epicake Syrup.
In case of acidosis give Sodium bicarbonate.
In case of delirium give Diazepam 10 mg. by
intravenous injection.
Folinic acid (Leucovorin), 1 mg/kg, iv, 4 hourly.
Methylene blue, 1-2 mg / kg, iv, over 5 min.
Atropine injection, atropine sulphate (0.1% solution),
Nalorphine hydrochloride
(0.5%
solution),
Trimedoxim bromide (15% solution), Pyridine
Aldoxy Methyodate, Diperoxim, Biodexim and
Isonitrocin (40% solution), Pralidoxim, RAM,
TOXOGONIN.
Milk, lemon water, chalk or calcium lactate, calcium
chloride or calcium gluconate with liquid.
10% calcium gluconate or chloride 10 ml. by
intravenous injection.
Methylene blue
Shift in fresh air, activated charcoal and 240 ml. milk.
If skin or eye is affected then wash with plenty of
water for 15 min. If skin is affected then wash with
Polyethylene glycol(PEG).