Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
Lecture (5)
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1
Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Potential Theory
In order to use
this linear theory
with waves, it will
be necessary to
assume that
Wave Surface
d
Slope
dx
x
Sea Bed
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Potential Theory
Th is m ea n s t h a t t h e w a v e st e ep n ess is so sm all t h at
terms in the equations of the waves with a magnitude in the order
of the steepness-squared can be ignored.
Using the linear theory holds here that harmonic displacements,
velocities and accelerations of the water particles and also the
harmonic pressures will have a linear relation with the wave
surface elevation.
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
x, z, t
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
11/26/2014
5
x, z, t
Sea Bed
z = -h
Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
x, z, t
11/26/2014
6
Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
x, z, t Pz sin kx t
Where P(z) is an (as yet) unknown function of z.
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
x, z, t Pz sin kx t
has to fulfill four requirements:
3
4
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
x, z, t Pz sin kx t
x still water level
z=0
CONTINOUS FLOW
Sea bed boundary condition
11/26/2014
z = -h
Sea Bed
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Requirement (1)
Continuity Condition and Laplace Equation
The velocity of the water particles (u, v, w) in the three
translational directions, follow from the definition of the
velocity potential, w:
w
u
x
11/26/2014
w
v
y
w
w
z
10
Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Requirement (1)
Continuity Condition and Laplace Equation
Since the fluid is homogeneous and incompressible, the Continuity
Condition:
u v w
0
x y z
2w 2w 2w
2
w 0
2
2
2
x
y
z
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Requirement (1)
Continuity Condition and Laplace Equation
Water particles move here in the x-z plane only, so
w
v
0
y
Hence,
11/26/2014
v 2w
2 0
y y
2w 2w
2
2 w 0
2
x
z
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Requirement (1)
Continuity Condition and Laplace Equation
w Pz sin kx t
w
kP z cos kx t
x
2w
2
k
Pz sin kx t
2
x
11/26/2014
w dP z
sin kx t
z
dz
2w d 2 P z
sin kx t
2
2
z
dz
13
Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Requirement (1)
Continuity Condition and Laplace Equation
Substitute in
2w 2w
2
2 w 0
2
x
z
2
d
P z
k 2 Pz sin kx t
sin kx t 0
dz 2
d 2 P z
k P z
0
2
dz
2
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Requirement (1)
Continuity Condition and Laplace Equation
2
d
P z
k 2 P z
0
2
dz
Pz C1e kz C2e kz
You can check that .
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Requirement (1)
Continuity Condition and Laplace Equation
Substitute in
w Pz sin kx t
w C1e
kz
C2e
kz
sin kx t
16
Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Requirement (1)
Continuity Condition and Laplace Equation Summary
Z
11/26/2014
w C1e
kz
C2e
kz
sin kx t
Sea Bed
z = -h
17
Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
11/26/2014
M.A. Kotb
x, z, t
w C1e kz C2e kz sin kx t
18
Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM776
M.A. Kotb
Requirement (2)
11/26/2014
w
0
z
z = -h
Sea Bed
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Requirement (2)
z = -h
w
w
kC1ekz kC2ekz sin kx t 0
z
w
w
kC1ekh kC2ekh 0
z z h
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Requirement (2)
kC e
1
kh
kC2ekh 0
C1e kh C2ekh
Define
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C
C1ekh C2ekh
2
C kh
C kh
C1 e
C2 e
2
2
Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Requirement (2)
C kh
C1 e
2
Pz C1e
kz
C2e
kz
C kh
C2 e
2
C kz kh C kz kh
P z e e e e
Reducing
2
2
ek z h e k z h
C k z h k z h
C
Pz e
e
2
2
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Requirement (2)
ek z h e k z h
Pz C
2
Which is
Pz C coshk z h
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
Requirement (2)
Substitute
w Pz sin kx t
Pz C coshk z h
Hence,
w C coshk z hsin kx t
Where C is an (as yet) unknown constant.
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
w C coshk z hsin kx t
Sea Bed
z = -h
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
x, z, t
w C1e kz C2e kz sin kx t
w C coshk z hsin kx t
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Hydro Mechanics of
Offshore Structures
MM771
M.A. Kotb
11/26/2014
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