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When plant
seedlings are
too close
together,
unhealthy
growth will
result (stunted)

Weaker
plants will
eventually
die
b
a

COMPETITION
AMONG PLANTS
FOR...
b

Water

2
1

Water

Food

b
a

Animals with
same eating
habits

Camels

Elephants

Snake

Becomes
greater when
there are more
living things

Among animals
of different
species

Seagulls competing Hyenas and vultures

for food
(different species)
(same eating habits) competing for food

d
c

INTERACTION
TYPES

Eagle

Elephants

Dolphins

Flamingoes

Penguins

Avoid competition
for food and space

Can protect themselves

Hunt and eat food from enemies
themselves
(do not share)
Usually large
a
and strong

Characteristics
Tiger

Most are predators

Marks
territory

Bear

Scent
marks

Scratch marks

A bear
scratches
its
territoral
marks

Competition

Coorperation

To obtain
limited
resources
for survival

W olves

3
4

Birds

Examples

3
Territory
or space

Mammals

SOLITARY
ANIMALS

Zebras
2

Insects

Live alone in
own habitat

COMPETITION
AMONG
ANIMALS
FOR..

Examples

Monkeys

INTERACTION
AMONG LIVING
THINGS
(1 - 2)

Rainforest trees have

Two stags
long and big roots
fighting
(buttress roots) that
over a
spread over a wide area
female
to get water and nutrients

Bees
2

ANIMALS
IN GROUPS

VOLUME 3

Survival
of
species

Ants

Shelter

Reproduce
amongst
themselves

Work in
coorperation

Build
nests

Sunlight

Sea lions
fighting over
space

To survive
from
attacks of a
predators

Look for
food
together

Mates

Bears fighting
over territory

Maintain
balance
of nature

IMPORTANCE
OF
COMPETITION

Nutrients

Rainforest
trees are
very tall and
grow straight
up to obtain
sunlight

4
5

Liana
(woody
vines) climb
up tree
trunks to
get sunlight

Defend and
protect weak
and youngs
from
predators

Reduce
overcrowding

Space

The epiphytes grow

on branches of tall
trees to get nurients
and sunlight

Two penguins
compete over a nest

Stronger
One seedling in one
species
pot results in a
survive,
healthy plant because
weaker
there is no competition
species
c
eventually die

Controls
Produce
population
new
generation of living
things in a
that is
habitat
stronger

b
a

In animals
and plants

Amongst
animals
2

Wolves hunt their

prey in packs

Between
Plants and
animals

Ants find food and

carry them back to
their nest

Plants make
food using, air,
sunlight and
water

The caterpillar uses

leaves for food and
camouflage from
predators.

A rhino making a scent

mark for its territory