Pauta Tarea n2 (Grupal 2 personas)

OBS.I. Responda de forma clara y precisa y enuncie todos los postulados utilizados segn
corresponda.
OBS.2. No se recibirn tareas atrasadas
Pregunta nI

Una planta termoelctrica de vapor de agua opera en el ciclo Rankine con recalentamiento. El
vapor entra a la turbina de alta presin a 12.5 MPa y 550C, a razn de 7.7 kg/s y sale a 2 MPa. El
vapor luego se recalienta a 450C antes de expandirse en la turbina de baja presin. Las eficiencias
isentrpicas de la turbina y la bomba son 85% y 90%, respectivamente. El vapor sale del
condensador como lquido saturado. Si el contenido de humedad del vapor a la salida de la turbina
no debe exceder el 5%, determine:
a) La presin del condensador, en kPa
b) La produccin neta de Potencia, en MW
!
D%0E$
c) La eficiencia trmica
Obs. Para enumerar las corrientes, especifique la corriente de salida del condensador, con el
10-42!F!9=).6!75/)-!73.8=!=(.=!57)-.=)9!58!.!-)().=!G.8H28)!+A+3)!29!+5892>)-)>"!'()!+58>)89)-!7-)99@-):!
nmero
(1), salida de la bomba (2) y as correlativamente, segn el esquema visto en la clase.
=()!8)=!75/)-!5@=7@=:!.8>!=()!=()-6.3!)BB2+2)8+A!.-)!=5!?)!>)=)-628)>"!
Assumptions!1!I=).>A!57)-.=28C!+58>2=2589!)J29="!2!K28)=2+!.8>!75=)8=2.3!)8)-CA!+(.8C)9!.-)!8)C32C2?3)"!
Solucin
Analysis!LaM!N-56!=()!9=).6!=.?3)9!L'.?3)9!F0O:!F0P:!.8>!F0QM:!
PE # D$"P!*W. ) hE # EOTQ"P!! HRSHC
(
TE # PP%+4
E!
' s E # Q"QEDT! HRSHC * K
'@-?28)!
^523)-!
PO # $!*W. )
O
( hO s # $UO&"D! HRSHC
s Os # sE
'
Q!
hE $ hO
,T #
P!
458>)89)-!
hE $ hO s
W@67
$!
&hO # hE $ , T !hE $ hO s "
D!
# EOTQ"P $ !%"&P"!EOTQ"P $ $UO&"D"
# E%$T"E!HRSHC
T
PP # $!*W. ) hP # EEP&"$!HRSHC
(
E! P!
TP # OP%+4 ' s P # T"$&DP! HRSHC * K
D$"P!*W.
PQ # V )
Os!O!
( hQ #
x Q # %"UP'
$
$s
PQ # V )
( hQ s #
sQ # sP '
P!\!V!
D
Qs! Q!
hP $ hQ
s!
%& hQ # hP $ , T !hP $ hQ s "
!!!! , T # h $ h %
!
P
Qs
# EEP&"$ $ !%"&P"!EEP&"$ $ $UO&"D"
# E%$T"E!HRSHC
'()!7-)99@-)!.=!9=.=)!Q!6.A!?)!>)=)-628)>!?A!.!=-2.30)--5-!.77-5.+(!B-56!=()!9=).6!=.?3)9!5-!?A!@928C!XXI!
As,
el resultado de la interpolacin reiterada, nos permite determinar que:
B-56!=()!.?5Y)!)Z@.=2589[!
!
PQ!\!9.73 kPa:!!!hQ!\!$OQE"E!HRSHC:!!!
LbM!'()8:!
!
hD # h f ]! U"TE! HW. # D&U"PT! HRSHC

!D # ! f ] !D%! HW. # %"%%D%D%! !6E SHC

w p :28 # !D !P$ $ PD " S , p

!
3 D! HR
0
. S !%"U%"
# %"%%D%D!6E SHC !D$:P%% $ U"TE! HW. "11
E.
2 D!! HW. * 6 /
# DO"%$ !!HRSHC

"

h$ # hD - w p :28 # D&U"PT - DO"%$ # $%E"PU!! HRSHC

4A+3)!.8.3A929[!
q 28 # !hE $ h$ " - !hP $ hO " # EOTQ"P $ E%$T"E - EEP&"$ $ $OQE"E # EQ%E"&! HRSHC !
q 5@= # hQ $ hD # E%$T"E $ D&U"PT # $$TE"T! HRSHC

Prof. Jos Luis Salazar N.

%& hQQ # hPP $ ,TT !hPP $ hQQss "

!!!!
!
!!!! ,TT # hhhP$$$hhhQ s %
# EEP&"$ $ !%"&P"!EEP&"$ $ $UO&"D"!
PP
QQss
## EEP&
EEP&""$$ $$ !%%""&P
&P"!EEP&
EEP&""$$ $$ $UO&
$UO&""DD"
# E%$T"E!HRSHC
## E%$T
E%$T""EE!!HRSHC
HRSHC
'()!7-)99@-)!.=!9=.=)!Q!6.A!?)!>)=)-628)>!?A!.!=-2.30)--5-!.77-5.+(!B-56!=()!9=).6!=.?3)9!5-!?A!@928C!XXI!
'()!7-)99@-)!.=!9=.=)!Q!6.A!?)!>)=)-628)>!?A!.!=-2.30)--5-!.77-5.+(!B-56!=()!9=).6!=.?3)9!5-!?A!@928C!XXI!
'()!7-)99@-)!.=!9=.=)!Q!6.A!?)!>)=)-628)>!?A!.!=-2.30)--5-!.77-5.+(!B-56!=()!9=).6!=.?3)9!5-!?A!@928C!XXI!
B-56!=()!.?5Y)!)Z@.=2589[!
B-56!=()!.?5Y)!)Z@.=2589[!
!
PQ!\!9.73 kPa:!!!hQ!\!$OQE"E!HRSHC:!!!
!
P !\!
9.73 kPa:!!!hQQ!\!$OQE"E!HRSHC:!!!
LbM!'()8:!QQ
!
LbM!'()8:!
!
hD # h f ]! U"TE! HW. # D&U"PT! HRSHC
hDD # h ff ]
# D&U"PT! HRSHC
]!!UU""TE
TE!!HW.
HW.
!D # ! f ] !D%! HW. # %"%%D%D%! !6EEE SHC
!DD # ! ff ]
# %"%%D%D%! !6 SHC
]!!D%
D%!!HW.
HW.
w p :28 # !D !P$ $ PD " S , p
w pp::2828 # !DD!P$$ $ PDD" S , pp
!
3 D! HR
0
# %"%%D%D!6EEE SHC !D$:P%% $ U"TE! HW.3"11 D! HR E0.. S !%"U% "!
# %"%%D%D!6 SHC !D$:P%% $ U"TE! HW. "112 D!! HW. * 6E ../S !%"U%"
E
# DO"%$ !!HRSHC
2 D!! HW. * 6 /
# DO"%$ !!HRSHC
h$ # hD - w p :28 # D&U"PT - DO"%$ # $%E"PU!! HRSHC
h$ # hD - w p :28 # D&U"PT - DO"%$ # $%E"PU!! HRSHC
4A+3)!.8.3A929[!
4A+3)!.8.3A929[!
Con
# !hE $ h$ " - !hP $ hO " # EOTQ"P $ E%$T"E - EEP&"$ $ $OQE"E # EQ%E"&! HRSHC !
q 28 sto:
q 28 # !hE $ h$ " - !hP $ hO " # EOTQ"P $ E%$T"E - EEP&"$ $ $OQE"E # EQ%E"&! HRSHC !
q 5@= # hQ $ hD # E%$T"E $ D&U"PT # $$TE"T! HRSHC
q 5@= # hQ $ hD # E%$T"E $ D&U"PT # $$TE"T! HRSHC
W! 8)= # m! Lq 28 $ q 5@= M # LT"T!HCS9MLEQ%E"& 0 $$TE"TMHRSHC # 10,242 kW
W! 8)= # m! Lq 28 $ q 5@= M # LT"T!HCS9MLEQ%E"& 0 $$TE"TMHRSHC # 10,242 kW
LcM!'()!=()-6.3!)BB2+2)8+A!29!
LcM!'()!=()-6.3!)BB2+2)8+A!29!
q
$$TE"T! HRSHC
, =( # D $q 5@=5@= # D $$$TE"T! HRSHC # %"EQU # 36.9% !
q
, =( # D $ 28 # D $ EQ%E"&! HRSHC# %"EQU # 36.9% !
EQ%E"&! HRSHC
q 28

!!

""

PROPRIETARY MATERIAL"!#!$%%&!'()!*+,-./01233!4567.82)9:!;8+"!!<262=)>!>29=-2?@=258!7)-62==)>!583A!=5!=).+()-9!.8>!
!
)>@+.=5-9!B5-!+5@-9)!7-)7.-.=258"!!;B!A5@!.-)!.!9=@>)8=!@928C!=(29!*.8@.3:!A5@!.-)!@928C!2=!/2=(5@=!7)-6299258"!
PROPRIETARY
MATERIAL"!#!$%%&!'()!*+,-./01233!4567.82)9:!;8+"!!<262=)>!>29=-2?@=258!7)-62==)>!583A!=5!=).+()-9!.8>!
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)>@+.=5-9!B5-!+5@-9)!7-)7.-.=258"!!;B!A5@!.-)!.!9=@>)8=!@928C!=(29!*.8@.3:!A5@!.-)!@928C!2=!/2=(5@=!7)-6299258"!

Prof. Jos Luis Salazar N.

9-75
9-75
9-75
9-105
AAA
gas-turbine
plant
operates
on
the
simple
Brayton
cycle.
The
net
power
output,
the
back
work
ratio,
9-105
gas-turbine
plant
operates
on
the
simple
Brayton
cycle.
The
net
power
output,
the
back
work
ratio,
Pregunta
n2
9-105
gas-turbine
plant
operates
on
the
simple
Brayton
cycle.
The
net
power
output,
the
back
work
ratio,
and
the
thermal
efficiency
are
to
be
determined.
and
the
thermal
efficiency
are
to
be
determined.
and
the
thermal
efficiency
are
to
be
determined.
Una planta elctrica de turbina de gas opera en in ciclo simple Brayton entre los lmites de9-75
presin
9-75 de 100 y
Assumptions
11The
air-standard
are
applicable.
and
potential
are
Assumptions
air-standard
assumptions
are
applicable.
and
potential
energy
changes
are
1.2 MPa.
EL
fluido de assumptions
trabajo
es aire,
que
entra22alKinetic
compresor
a 30Cenergy
yenergy
unachanges
razn
de
150 m3/min y sale de la
Assumptions
1The
The
air-standard
assumptions
are
applicable.
2Kinetic
Kinetic
and
potential
changes
are
negligible.
33Air
isaisis
an
ideal
gas
with
variable
specific
heats.
negligible.
an
ideal
gas
with
variable
specific
heats.
negligible.
3Air
Air
an
ideal
gas
with
variable
specific
heats.
turbina
500C.
Usando
calores
especficos
variables para el aire y suponiendo una eficiencia isentrpica de
9-105
A
gas-turbine
plant
operates
on
the
simple
Brayton
cycle.
Thede
net88%,
power
output, the back work ratio,
Properties
The
gas
constant
of
air
is
R
=
0.287
kJ/kgK
(Table
A-1).
Properties
The
gas
constant
of
air
is
R
=
0.287
kJ/kgK
(Table
A-1).
compresin
de
82%
y
una
eficiencia
isentrpica
de
turbina
determine:
Properties
The
gas
constant
of
air
is
R
=
0.287
kJ/kgK
(Table
A-1).
9-105
A gas-turbine
plant
operates
on the simple Brayton
cycle. The
net power
output, the back work ratio,
and
the
thermal
efficiency
are
to
be
determined.
Analysis
(a)
For
this
problem,
we
use
the
properties
Analysis
(a)
For
this
problem,
we
use
the
properties
a)
La
produccin
de
potencia,
en kW
Analysis
(a)
For
this
problem,
we
use
the
properties
and
the
thermal
efficiency
are
to
be
determined.
Assumptions
1Remember
The air-standard
assumptions
are applicable. 2 Kinetic and potential energy changes are
from
EES
software.
that
for
anan
ideal
gas,
from
EES
software.
Remember
that
for
ideal
gas,
from
EES
software.
Remember
that
for
an
ideal
gas,definida
b)
La
relacin
de
Retrotrabajo,
por la 2Combustion
fraccin
de trabajo
la turbina
que
Assumptions
1 The
air-standard
assumptions
are applicable.
Kinetic and
potentialde
energy
changes
arese emplea para
Combustion
negligible.
3
Air
is
an
ideal
gas
with
variable
specific
heats.
Combustion
enthalpy
isisis
a afunction
ofofof
temperature
only
whereas
enthalpy
only
whereas
enthalpy
afunction
function
temperature
only
whereas
el compresor.
negligible.
3accionar
Airtemperature
is
an ideal
gas
with
variable specific heats. chamber
chamber
chamber
Properties
Theofof
gas
constant
of air is
R pressure.
=pressure.
0.287 kJ/kgK (Table A-1).
entropy
isisis
functions
both
temperature
and
entropy
functions
both
temperature
and
entropy
functions
of
both
temperature
Solucin
Properties
The
gas
constant
of airand
is Rpressure.
= 0.287 kJ/kgK (Table A-1).
333
Analysis
(a)
For
this
problem,
we
use
the
properties
Process
1-2:
Compression
Process
Process1-2:
1-2:Compression
Compression
2
2
Analysis
(a)
For
this
problem,
we
use
the
properties
from EES software. Remember that for an ideal gas, 2 1.2
1.2MPa
MPa
&C
'
T1TT1""30
h "software.
kJ/kg
&&C
'
'(
"303
30
303.60
.60of
kJ/kg
from
EES
Remember
that
forwhereas
an ideal gas, 1.2 MPa Combustion
'
'(
30
C'(
kJ/kg
is a1hh1function
temperature
only
1 "enthalpy
1 " 303.60
Combustion
chamber
is a function
of temperature
temperature and
onlypressure.
whereas
&C
T1TT1""30
entropy
of both
&enthalpy
30
C %is
% functions
Turbine
1 " 30&C $ s%
chamber Turbine
Compress.
"
5
.
7159
kJ/kg
!
K
Turbine
""5functions
! !KK temperature andCompress.
entropy
of both
pressure.
$1$s1s1is
3
Compress.
5.7159
.7159kJ/kg
kJ/kg
Process
" 100
P1PP
kPa
kPa
#1-2:
100
kPa
1 1""100
## Compression
3
2
Process 1-2: Compression
1.2 MPa
2
"
&
'
'(
"
T
h
30
C
303
.
60
kJ/kg
1 kPa
1%
P2PP2""1200
kPa
1200
kPa
1.2 MPa
500C
100
kPa
444
500C
kPa
100
kPa
111 100
500C
2 " 1200
'($h%$%1h2hs2"s"303
T1 "
30&C '
.60
kJ/kg
.37
kJ/kg
"617
617
.37
kJ/kg
"
617
.
37
kJ/kg
30C
"
&
T
30
C
$
%
2
s
30C
s 2ss2""s"1s11s""5".57159
kJ/kg.K
.57159
kJ/kg.K
30C
Turbine
#
.7159
Compress.
s1 %" 5.#7159
kJ/kg ! K
2
1
#
&C$kJ/kg.K
1 " 30
P "T100
kPa
Turbine
# $s1 "617
Compress.
5.7159
kJ/kg
!K
h2h1sh2 s)P)h)1"hh1100 kPa
.
37
)
303
.
60
617
617.37
.37))303
303.60
.60
**C*C""" 2 s 1 '
0
.
82
"
'
'(
h
"
686
.
24
kJ/kg
1'(
#
'
'(
0
.
82
"
'
'(
h
"
686
.
24
kJ/kg
'
'( 0.82 " h% ) 303.60
'
'(2h2 2 " 686.100
24 kJ/kg
P2h2 )")1200
kPa
C h
kPa
500C
h2hh2 ))303
.60
4
1
h2 2Ph)1h"h1 11200 kPa
.60
617
.37 kJ/kg
22 s% "303
$
100
kPa
30C
500C
2s " 5.7159 kJ/kg.K
4
"
s
1
23-4:
1Expansion
# $h2 s " 617.37 kJ/kg
Process
Process
3-4:
Expansion
Process
Expansion
30C
"
"
s3-4:
s
5
.
7159
kJ/kg.K
2
1
# .37 ) 303.60
h s 500
)
617
&hC '
'(
" 792
.62 kJ/kg
'
'(
482
* CT"T4T4"42"500
0h.h
'
'( h2 " 686.24 kJ/kg
"h500&1)&C'
Ch'(
'
'(
h4 4"""792
792.62
.62kJ/kg
617
.kJ/kg
37 .)60303.60
2
1
s
h
)
h
* C "2 h3h )1)hh4 '
'( 0.82 "hh2 h3))303
'
'( h2 " 686.24 kJ/kg
792
.
62
.62
792
.62
**T T""3-4:
'(
"" h3h32)))792
00.88
h2h3 3Expansion
))h1h4 4'
303
.60
'
'(
.
88
Process
*T "
'( 0.88 " hh3 ))hh4 s
h3h3))hh4 s4 s '
h3-4:
h3 3 ) h4 4s s
3 ) hExpansion
4s
Process
Tthe
"enthalpy
500&C '
'(
h4 "3 792
.62 kJ/kg
4
We
cannot
find
at
state
directly.
However,
using the
following lines
in EES together
with
We
enthalpy
atatstate
However,
Wecannot
cannotfind
findthe
the
enthalpy
stateh33directly.
directly.
However,using
usingthe
thefollowing
followinglines
linesininEES
EEStogether
togetherwith
with
T
"
500
&
C
'
'(
"
792
.
62
kJ/kg
=
1404.7
kJ/kg,
T
=
1034C,
s
=
6.5699
kJ/kg.K.
The
the
isentropic
efficiency
relation,
we
find
h
4
4
.62 kJ/kg, T3 3 = 1034C, 3s3 = 6.5699 kJ/kg.K. The
h3 ) relation,
hrelation,
h3 h33 )
= 792
1404.7
the
we
find
4
theisentropic
isentropic*efficiency
efficiency
we
find
3 = 1404.7 kJ/kg, T3 = 1034C, s3 = 6.5699 kJ/kg.K. The
'
'(
"
0
.
88
"
Twould require
solution
by hand
approach.
solution
approach.
.62
h a atrial-error
h3 h)4792
h3 )hrequire
hrequire
h
solutionby
byhand
handwould
would
atrial-error
trial-error
34 )
s 4 '
3 )
s
*
'(
"approach.
0
.
88
"
h_3=enthalpy(Air,
T=T_3)
T
h_3=enthalpy(Air,
T=T_3)
h4 s at state 3 directly.
h3 ) However,
h4 s
h_3=enthalpy(Air,
3 ) T=T_3)
Wes_3=entropy(Air,
cannot
find thehenthalpy
using the following lines in EES together with
T=T_3,
P=P_2)
s_3=entropy(Air,
T=T_3,
P=P_2)
s_3=entropy(Air,
T=T_3,
P=P_2)
=
1404.7
kJ/kg,
s3 = 6.5699
kJ/kg.K.
The with
theh_4s=enthalpy(Air,
isentropic
efficiency
relation,
we
find
h
3
3 = 1034C,
We
cannot
find theP=P_1,
enthalpy
at state
3 directly.
However, T
using
the following
lines in
EES together
De
aqu,
podemos
determinar
que:
s=s_3)
h_4s=enthalpy(Air,
P=P_1,
s=s_3)
h_4s=enthalpy(Air,
P=P_1,
s=s_3)
solution
by
hand
would
require
a
trial-error
approach.
the
isentropic
efficiency
relation, we find h3 = 1404.7 kJ/kg, T3 = 1034C, s3 = 6.5699 kJ/kg.K. The
flujo
msico
ser: from
The
massEl
flow
rate
isisdetermined
The
flow
rate
from
h_3=enthalpy(Air,
Themass
mass
flow
rate
isdetermined
determined
from a trial-error approach.
solution
by hand
wouldT=T_3)
require
!
!!1!h_3=enthalpy(Air,
Ps_3=entropy(Air,
(
100
kPa)(150/6
00mm3 3/3s/ )s)
T=T_3,
P=P_2)
1P
(100
T=T_3)
1 !
1!
""22.875
m!m!"" P
(100kPa)(150/6
kPa)(150/6
0 m / s)
1 "
1"
.875kg/s
kg/s
33
"0.287 kPa ! m
m! "RT
h_4s=enthalpy(Air,
P=P_1,
s=s_3)
+30
/kg
--273
KK, , " 2.875 kg/s
T=T_3,
P=P_2)
1 1s_3=entropy(Air,
RT
3/kg! K
+
0.287
kPa
!
m
!
K
30
273
RT
kPa ! m /kg
! K +30 - 273 K ,
1 rate0.287
The
massoutput
flow
is determined
from
h_4s=enthalpy(Air,
P=P_1,
s=s_3)
The
net
power
isisneta:
The
net
power
output
Y
la
potencia
The netThe
power
output
is
!
mass flow
from 0 m 3 / s)
P ! rate is determined
100kg/s)(686.
kPa)(150/6
W!W
24
.60
)kJ/kg
1100
kW
! !in "m!"m!"m(!h(h21 )1)h"1h) )""(2(2.(875
" 2"."
875
kg/s
C,
.
875
kg/s)(686.
24))303
303
)kJ/kg
C,
in
2
1
3
3.60
WC,in " m!RT
(h21P)!!h10.287
) " (2.kPa
875
303
"1100
1100kW
kW
+
,
!kg/s)(686.
mkPa)(150/6
/kg ! K 24
300)-m
273
(100
/.60
sK
) )kJ/kg
1
1
!(h" ) h ) "" (2.875 kg/s)(1404.7 ) 792.62)kJ/kg "" 1759
2
.
875
kg/s
W!W
kW
! !out ""m!m
T,
3
4
m! !(output
h(h3 RT
) h4 ) "0.287
(2(2.875
kg/s)(1404
792
The net
power
+30
kPa
! m 3 /kg !.7K
-.62
273
K , ""1759
WT,T,out
.875
kg/s)(1404
.7))
792
.62)kJ/kg
)kJ/kg
1759kW
kW
out " m
3 )1his4 ) "
!
!
!
W
"
W
)
W
"
1759
)
1100
"
659
kW
!
!
!
!
net
T,
out
C,
in
!
W
" m)output
(W
h2!C,)inh"
" (2.)
875
kg/s)(686.
24 ) 303.60)kJ/kg " 1100 kW
The
power
is
WW!netnet
"W
1100
" 659 kW
!T,out
C,
in
1 )1759
net " WT, out ) WC,in " 1759 ) 1100 " 659 kW
!
(b)
The
back
work
ratio
is
m
2.875
kg/s)(686.
) 303
)kJ/kg
" 1100
! Wratio
(b)
work
W
"in m!"is
(is
h!3(h)2 h)4 )h1")("2.(ser:
875
kg/s)(1404
.724
) 792
.62.60
)kJ/kg
" 1759
kWkW
La
relacin
de
retrotrabajo
T, outC,
(b)The
Theback
back
work
ratio
W!WC,
! !in!
1100
1100
kW
C,"
inW
"
m!)(kW
hW
)"h0.625
)1759
" (2.875
kg/s)(1404
.7 ) 792.62)kJ/kg " 1759 kW
" W! net
"!"T,out
rbw
WW
) 1100
" 659 kW
out
3!kW
1100
C,T,in
C,in "4"0.625
rbw
1759
kW
"!WT,
"
" 0.625
rbw "W
! !out
1759
kW
T,work
!out
WW
(b) The back
is kW
W!1759
) W! C,in " 1759 ) 1100 " 659 kW
T,net
out "ratio
T, out
(c)
The
rate
of
heat
input
and
the
thermal efficiency
are
(c)
ofofheat
input
the
efficiency
! and
(c)The
Therate
rateThe
heat
input
theisthermal
thermal
efficiencyare
are
1100
kW
(b)
backW
work
ratio
C,in and
!
" 0.625
r!bw
QQ
(!h(3h"))hh2 ) )""("2(2.875
kg/s)(1404
.7.7))686
.24
)kJ/kg ""2065
kW
! ! ""m
in
m
.
875
kg/s)(1404
686
!
in
3
2
! 1759
kW
Qin " m! (h3W)T,hout
(2.875
kg/s)(1404
.7 ) 686.24
.24)kJ/kg
)kJ/kg "2065
2065kW
kW
W
2 )C,"
1100
kW
in
W!Wnet
"659kW
"
"
0.625
659
! !rbw n3
Pregunta
! kW
""0.319
(c)*The
of"heat
input
and
the thermal
efficiency are
1759
kW
659
kW
T,kW
out
*th*th"rate
""Q!Wnet
"" W
"0.319
0.319
! net 2065
Un
de
refrigeracin
en
cascada
(ver apuntes de clase) de dos etapas, opera entre los lmites de 1.2
in
thsistema
2065
kW
Q
!
Qinrate
2.875
.7 ) 686.24
)kJ/kg " 2065 kW
2065
kW
Q!in" m!of(hheat
3 ) hinput
2 ) " (and
(c) The
thekg/s)(1404
thermal efficiency
are

+ ++

, ,,

in kPa con refrigerante 134a como fluido de trabajo. El rechazo de calor del ciclo inferior al
MPa y 200
! W! " m!lugar
(h 659
) en
hkW
" (intercambiador
2.875 kg/s)(1404.7adiabtico
) 686.24)kJ/kg
" 2065 kW
superior
tiene
a contracorriente
en donde las presiones en los ciclos
2 )un
* th Q
" in net " 3
" 0.319
2065
kW
superior enQ! ininferior
son
0.4
y
0.5
MPa,
respectivamente.
En
ambos
ciclos
el refrigerante es un lquido
W! net
659 kW
*
"
"
"
0.319
PROPRIETARY
MATERIAL.

2008
The
McGraw-Hill
Companies,
Inc.
Limited
distribution
permitted
only
to
teachers
saturado tha la !salida
del
condensador y un vapor saturado a la entrada del and
compresor. La eficiencia
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL.
2008
ThekW
McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Limited distribution permitted only to teachers and
2065
QinIfyou
educators
for course preparation.
are aThe
student
Manual, youInc.
are Limited
using it without
PROPRIETARY
MATERIAL.

2008
McGraw-Hill
Companies,
distribution
permitted only to
and inferior es 0.15 kg/s,
del compresin
esusing
del this
80%.
Si el you
flujo
msico
delpermission.
refrigerante
enteachers
el ciclo
educators isentrpica
for course preparation.
If you are a student
using
this Manual,
are using
it without
permission.
educators for course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.
determine:
a)MATERIAL.
El flujo msico
superior,
en kg/s
PROPRIETARY
2008del
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PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Limited distribution permitted only to teachers and
educators for course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.
Prof. Jos

Luis Salazar N.

11-35
11-35
11-35

11-35

11-49 A two-stage cascade refrigeration cycle is considered. The mass flow rate of the refrigerant through
11-49AAthe
two-stage
cascade
refrigeration
cycleisisconsidered.
considered.
Themass
massspace,
flowrate
rate
the
refrigerant
through are to
11-49
two-stage
cascade
The
flow
ofof
the
refrigerant
through
upper cycle,
therefrigeration
rate
of heat cycle
removal
the refrigerated
and
the
COP
of the refrigerator
11-49
A two-stage
cascade
refrigeration
cyclethe
isfrom
considered.
The
mass
flow
rate
ofofthe
refrigerant
through
the
upper
cycle,
the
rate
of
heat
removal
from
refrigerated
space,
and
the
COP
the
refrigerator
aretoto
c)
El
coeficiente
de
operacin
(COP)
de
este
refrigerador
the
upper
cycle,
the
rate
of
heat
removal
from
the
refrigerated
space,
and
the
COP
of
the
refrigerator
are
be cycle,
determined.
the
upper
the
rate
of
heat
removal
from
the
refrigerated
space,
and
the
COP
of
the
refrigerator
are to
bedetermined.
determined.
be
be determined.
Assumptions 1 Steady operating conditions exist. 2 Kinetic and potential energy changes are negligible.
Assumptions11Steady
Steadyoperating
operatingconditions
conditionsexist.
exist.22Kinetic
Kineticand
andpotential
potentialenergy
energychanges
changesare
arenegligible.
negligible.
Assumptions
Assumptions
1 Steady
conditions
2 Kinetic
andrefrigerant
potential energy
changesA-11
are negligible.
Analysis
(a) Theoperating
properties
are to be exist.
obtained
from the
tables (Tables
through A-13):
Solucin
Analysis(a)
(a)The
Theproperties
propertiesare
aretotobebeobtained
obtainedfrom
fromthe
therefrigerant
refrigeranttables
tables(Tables
(TablesA-11
A-11through
throughA-13):
A-13):
Analysis
Analysis (a)
are to be obtained from the refrigerant tables (Tables A-11 through A-13):
h1 !The
h g @properties
200 kPa ! 244.46 kJ/kg
.
244.46
.46kJ/kg
kJ/kg
h1h1!!hhg @
!!244
200kPa
h1 ! hgg@s@200
! kPa
skPa
! 0kJ/kg
.9377 kJ/kg.K
..
QH
1 200
g@ !
200244
kPa.46
.
.9377kJ/kg.K
kJ/kg.K
s1s1!!s sg @
.9377
QQHH
200kPa
kPa!!00
s1 ! sgg@@200
QH
200 kPa ! 0.9377 kJ/kg.K
P2 ! 500 kPa $
Condenser
500kPa
kPa$$
PP
500
# h2 s ! 263.30 kJ/kg
2P2!!!
Condenser
Condenser
500
s 2 kPa
! #s1#h$h2 s2 s!!263
263
.30kJ/kg
kJ/kg
2
" .30
7Condenser
h
!
s s2 2!!s1s1
# 2 s 263.30 kJ/kg
6
"
"
.
77
s 2 ! s1
"h ' h
7
Expansion
66
.
.
W
2s
1
in
6
.
Expansion
Expansion
hh ('C'h!h
valve
WW
inin
Expansion
Compressor
((CC!! 2hs22ss '1h11h2 ' h1
W
in
valve
valve
( C !hh2 2''h1h1
Compressor
Compressor
valve
h2 ' h1263.30 ' 244.46
Compressor
0
.
80
!
%
%&
h
!
268
.
01
kJ/kg
263
.
30
'
244
.
46
2
263.30 ' 244
.
46
h2 '.46
244
.46 hh2 2!!268
00.80
%
%&
.80!! 263.30 ' 244
%
%&
268.01
.01kJ/kg
kJ/kg
8
5
0.80 ! hh2 ''244
%
%& h2 ! 268.01 kJ/kg
.46
88
Evaporator555
h22 '244
244..46
46
8
h3 ! h f @ 500 kPa ! 73.33 kJ/kg
Evaporator
Evaporator
Evaporator
hh3 3!!hhf @
!!73
.33
kJ/kg
73
.
33
kJ/kg
500
kPa
@
500
kPa
f
h3 ! h fh@4 500
73.33
.33kJ/kg
kJ/kg
! hkPa
Condenser
3 !!73
hh4 4!!hh3 3!!73
.33 kJ/kg
Condenser
Condenser
h4 ! h3 !73
73.33
.33kJ/kg
kJ/kg
3Condenser
h5 ! h g @ 400 kPa ! 255.55 kJ/kg
2
33
.
3
hh5 5!!hhg @
!!255
.55
kJ/kg
Expansion
22
255
..55
kJ/kg
kPa
..
400
kPa
W
h5 ! hgg@
!
255
55
kJ/kg
in
2
s@4500
!
s
!
0
.
9269
kJ/kg.K
400 kPa
.
Expansion
g @ 400 kPa
Expansion
valve
WW
inin
Expansion
s 5s 5!!s sg @
!!00.9269
kJ/kg.K
.
9269
kJ/kg.K
Compressor
400
kPa
W
g
@
400
kPa
in
valve
s 5 ! s g @ 400 kPa ! 0.9269 kJ/kg.K
valve
Compressor
valve
Compressor
P6 ! 1200 kPa $
Compressor
PP
! 1200 kPa
$
# h6 s ! 278.33 kJ/kg
6P
6 !!1200
1200
s 6 kPa
!kPa
s#5 $#h$h6 s !!278
6
" .33
278
.33kJ/kg
kJ/kg
4
1
6
s
s s6 6!!s 5s 5
""# h6 s ! 278.33 kJ/kg
44
Evaporator111
s6 ! s5
"
4
h 6 s ' h5
Evaporator
Evaporator
Evaporator
.
hh6 s6(s'C'h!h5 5
((CC!! h6 s ' h5h6 ' h5
..
Q
L
( C !hh6 ''hh5
.
QQL L
h66 ' h55278.33 ' 255.55
Q
L
0.80
%
%& h6 ! 284.02 kJ/kg
278
.33!''255
.55
278.33
.33 '255
255
55
h6 .'.55
255
.55 hh6 !!284
00.80
!! 278
%
%&
.02
kJ/kg
.080
%
%&
284
.
02
kJ/kg
.80 ! h6 ' 255.55
%
%& h66 ! 284.02 kJ/kg
hh6 ''255
255.55
.55
h7 !6 h f @ 1200 kPa ! 117.77 kJ/kg
hh7 !!hhf @ 1200 kPa !!117
.77 kJ/kg
h77 ! hf f@
!117
117..77
77 kJ/kg
kJ/kg
h@81200
! hkPa
1200
kPa
7 ! 117.77 kJ/kg
hh8 !!hh7 !!117
.
77
kJ/kg
117
.
77
kJ/kg
h88 ! h77 ! 117.77 kJ/kg
El flujo
msico
refrigerante
se determina
con
unisbalance
de from
energa
en elbalance
Intercambiador
de calor
The
mass flow
rate de
of the
refrigerant through
the upper
cycle
determined
an energy
on the
The
mass
flow
rate
ofofthe
refrigerant
through
the
upper
cycle
isisdetermined
from
ananenergy
balance
on
the
(Evaporador-Condensador)
segn:
The
mass
flow
rate
the
refrigerant
through
the
upper
cycle
determined
from
energy
balance
on
the
heat
exchanger
The mass flow rate of the refrigerant through the upper cycle is determined from an energy balance on the
heat
exchanger
heat
heatexchanger
exchanger
m! A (h5 ' h8 ) ! m! B (h2 ' h3 )
m!m!A! (h(h5 ''hh8 ) )!!m!m!B! (h(h2 ''hh3 ) )
m
(
h
' h8.877
)!
mBB (h!
A
5
22 ('0.h15
33 ) kg/s)(268.01 ' 73.33) kJ/kg %
A '5117
m! A (255.55
)kJ/kg
%& m! A ! 0.212 kg/s
m!m!A! (255
.55
'
117
.
77
)
kJ/kg
!
(
0
.
15
kg/s)(268.
01
''73
.33
)kJ/kg
%
%&
m!m!A! !!0.212
kg/s
(
255
.55
'
117
.
77
)
kJ/kg
!
(
0
.
15
kg/s)(268.
01
73
.
33
)
kJ/kg
%
%&
mAA (255.55 ' 117.77)kJ/kg ! (0.15 kg/s)(268.01 ' 73.33)kJ/kg %
%& mAA !0.212
0.212kg/s
kg/s
(b) The
rate of heat removal from the refrigerated space is
(b)
The
rate
of
heat
removal
from
the
refrigerated
space
is
(b)
of
refrigerated
space
isis
(b)The
Therate
ratetasa
ofheat
heat
removalfrom
fromthe
the
refrigerated
space
La
de
remocin
calor
del espacio
refrigerado
ser:
! removal
! B (h1 ' hde
Q
L !m
4 ) ! (0.15 kg/s)(244.46 ' 73.33) kJ/kg ! 25.67 kW
!
QQ!L! !!m!m!B! (h(1h ''hh4 ) )!!(0(0.15
kg/s)(244.
46
'
73
.
33
)
kJ/kg
!
25.67
kW
QLL ! mBB (h11 ' h44 ) ! (0..15
15kg/s)(244.
kg/s)(244.46
46''73
73..33
33))kJ/kg
kJ/kg !!25.67
25.67kW
kW
(c) The
power input and the COP are
(c)
The power
and the
COP are
(c)
input
Y el input
COP
(c)The
Thepower
power
input
and! the
theCOP
COPare
are
! and
(
W
!
m
h6 ' h5 ) ) m! B (h2 ' h1 )
in
A
W! in!! ! m! !A! (h6 ' h5 ) ) m! !B! (h2 ' h1 )
W
hh11)') 255.55)kJ/kg ) (0.212 kg/s)(268.01 ' 244.46)kJ/kg ! 9.566 kW
Winin !!mmAA((hh6!6 '('0h.h15
)mmBB((hh22 ''02
55)))
kg/s)(284.
! (0.15 kg/s)(284.02 ' 255.55)kJ/kg ) (0.212 kg/s)(268.01 ' 244.46)kJ/kg ! 9.566 kW
kg/s)(284.
02
255
!!((00..15
'
15 kg/s)(284.02 ' 255..55
55))kJ/kg
kJ/kg))((00..212
212kg/s)(268.
kg/s)(268.01
01''244
244..46
46))kJ/kg
kJ/kg !!99..566
566kW
kW
!
Q
25
.
67
L
!
COP
!
!
!
2.68
Q !L! 25.!67
25.in.67
67! 2.68
COP ! QQ
! 25
9.566
COP!!W! LL !!9.W
2.68
COP
566 !!2.68
in
!
!
566
Winin 99..566
W

PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Limited distribution permitted only to teachers and
PROPRIETARY
MATERIAL.
2008 TheIfMcGraw-Hill
Companies,
Inc.
Limited
distribution
only to teachers and
educators
for course preparation.
you
are a student
using this
Manual,
you
are
using itpermitted
without
permission.
PROPRIETARY
MATERIAL.
2008
The
McGraw-Hill
Companies,
Inc.
Limited
distribution
permitted
onlyto
toteachers
teachersand
and
PROPRIETARY
2008
McGraw-Hill
Companies,
Inc.
permitted
only
educators for courseMATERIAL.
preparation.
If
you
areThe
a student
using this
Manual, you
areLimited
using itdistribution
without permission.
educatorsfor
forcourse
coursepreparation.
preparation. IfIfyou
youare
areaastudent
studentusing
usingthis
thisManual,
Manual,you
youare
areusing
usingititwithout
withoutpermission.
permission.
educators

Prof. Jos Luis Salazar N.