Anda di halaman 1dari 3

THE II\STTTUTION OF ENGINEERS SRI LAI{KA

ENGINEtrRTNG CERTIFICATE COURSE


STAGB

G81003

Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics

DATE:

FROM: 0900IIRS ru 1200HRS


DURATION: TIIREE IIOURS

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY BBFORE ANSWERING THE


QUESTION PAPER
L

Answer only five (05) questions and all questions carry equal marks.

Wherever appropriate, use tables and charts available in the in the examination
hall. At the end of the examination return all such material to the
exa miner/supervisor.

Any missing data can be sensibly and reasonably assumed, but state

such

assumptions clearly with justifications.


4

Any result from calculations should have units, unless they are dimensionless.

All answers to the given questions should be underlined for the purpose of easy
identification.

write the question Number to which you answer on the cover page
appropriately.
Assume density of water is 1000kg/m3 and acceleration due to gravity is 10m/s2

wherever relavant.

Explain "non flow process".

Name three thermodynamic non flow processes.

ln a system executing a non flow process, the work and heat transfer
are given by
= *ul / "C and# = *kl /"c respectivety. The
temperature of the system increases from 150oC to 300"C. Find the
change in internal energy.

a
b
c

State the second law of thermodynamics.


Draw a p-v diagram for Carnot cycle and name each process of the
cycle.
A Carnot engine works between temperature limits of 825oC and
125"C. The engine receives 3600kJ of heat per minute. Determine the
power of the engine and the amount of heat rejected to the sink.
Efficiency of Carnot cycle is given as

,-=t-b

T7

where Tris the upper limit temperature and Tris the lower limit
temperature.

a
b
c

Draw a p-v diagram for Otto cycle and identify each process.
Name the four processes in the Otto cycle.

An engine working on ideal Otto cycle has temperature and pressure


at the beginning of compression as 25oC and 1.Sbar respectively.
Find the compression ratio (r) if y is 7.4 and thermal efficiency (4) is
48%. Also find the temperature and pressure at,the end of
compression.
You may use the following equation if necessary.

rl =

L- r0-r)
.l:

State the difference between intensive properties and extensive


properties of a pure substance.

b
c

Define the term "specific heat" of a substance.

A piece of iron ball of mass 5kg is heated to '105oC and dropped into a
vessel containing 25kg of water at 20"C. What is the specific heat of
iron, if the rise in temperature of water be 3.6oC ? Specific heat of
water is 4.193 kJ/kg K,

Three pipes discharge water into the same main, one supplying 0.75
m'/min at 82oC, the second pipe 1.35m3/min at 7"C and the third 0.06
m3/min at 100'C. Find the final temperature of the water mixture
assuming specific heat of water to be constant.

What will be the gauge pressure and absolute pressure of water at

depth 12m below the surface?


and atmospheric pressure = 101kpa.

pwarcr = 1000 kg/m3,

A cube with 100 mm each side is made of a rigid foam material and
floats in water with 60mm below the free surface of water. calculate
the magnitude and direction of the force required to hold it completely
submerged in glycerine which has a specific gravity of 1.26.

Name the flow measuring devices that can be used

velocity, discharge and pressure of a fluid flow stream.

to

measure

A u tube mercury differential manometer has been used to measure


the pressure differential across the inlet and throat of a venturimeter
that conveys water as shown in figure Q6.Calculate the pressure
difference when manometer reads 250mm:
Throat

Figure Q6

The velocity components in a two dimensional incompressible flow


field are expressed as
y3

,=T*2x-x,y
^L
'U=Xyz-2v--

^-3

Determine the velocity at point x=1m,y=3m.


ls the flow physically possible? lf so find the stream function.
Calculate the discharge between the streamlines passing through
(1,3) and (2,3).
Show that the flow is irrotational and find the potential function.

State Darcy formula with usual notations.


Two pipes of diameter 50mm and 100mm , each of length 100m are
connected in parallel between two reservoirs which have a difference
of level of 10m. If the coetficient of friction (f) for each pipe is f = 0.08,
calculate the rate of flow for each pipe considering only the friction
loss.

Anda mungkin juga menyukai