[BUSINESS RESEARCH]

BUSINESS RESEARCH
ASSIGNMENT (CBEB2105)
NO
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

NAME
ABDUL AZIM B BADRUL HISHAM
AHMAD SYAZWAN B AHMAD SHUKRI
NEZA AZIZI B AZLI

MATRIC NO
CEA 120003
CEA 120007
CEA 120059

DATELINE : 28 MAY 2014

Table of Content
NO
1
2
3

TITLE
QUESTION 1
QUESTION 2
QUESTION 3

PAGE
3-8
9-11
12-15
1

[BUSINESS RESEARCH]
4
5
6
7
8
9

QUESTION 4
QUESTION 5
QUESTION 6
QUESTION 7
QUESTION 8
QUESTION 9

16-18
19-21
22-26
27-33
34-35
36-37

PART II: Data Analysis and Interpretation

Question 1
Perform frequency distribution with chart for the following variables and discuss the
results:
1. Sex

[BUSINESS RESEARCH]
gender
Frequency Percent

Valid
Missing
Total

male
female
Total
System

264
232
496
4
500

52.8
46.4
99.2
.8
100.0

Valid Percent
53.2
46.8
100.0

Cumulative
Percent
53.2
100.0

Based on table above, there are 496 valid respondents with 4 missing value.
Out of 496 valid respondents, 264 valid respondents are male. It represents 52.8%
out of 496 valid respondents. The rest 232 valid respondents are female and 46.4%
out of 496 valid respondents. There are 4 respondents do not state their gender.
From the chart above, it shows that male respondents are more than female
respondents in this survey.

2. Readership of the newspaper.

a. New Straits Times

New Straits Times

Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Valid

yes
no

241
258

48.2
51.6

48.3
51.7

Cumulative
Percent
48.3
100.0
3

[BUSINESS RESEARCH]

Missing
Total

Total
System

499
1
500

99.8
.2
100.0

100.0

Based on the table above, there are 499 valid respondents with 1 missing
value. There are 241 respondents or 48.2% state they read New Straits Times while
the remaining 258 respondents or 51.6% state they do not read New Straits Times.

b. The Star
The Star
Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Valid

yes
no
Total

225
275
500

45.0
55.0
100.0

45.0
55.0
100.0

Cumulative
Percent
45.0
100.0

[BUSINESS RESEARCH]

The table shows that there are 500 respondents with no missing value. There
are 225 respondents or 45% state that they read The Star while the rest 275
respondents or 55% do not read The Star.
c. Utusan Malaysia
Utusan Malaysia
Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Valid

yes
no
Total

246
254
500

49.2
50.8
100.0

49.2
50.8
100.0

Cumulative
Percent
49.2
100.0

The frequency distribution table shows that there are 500 respondents with no
missing value. Out of 500 respondents, 246 respondents or 49.2% are the readers of
Utusan Malaysia while the remaining 254 respondents or 50.8% are not the readers
of Utusan Malaysia.
d. Berita Harian
5

[BUSINESS RESEARCH]

Frequency

Valid

yes
no
Total

Berita Harian
Percent
Valid Percent

245
255
500

49.0
51.0
100.0

49.0
51.0
100.0

Cumulative
Percent
49.0
100.0

Based on the figures above, there are 500 respondents with no missing value.
Out of 500 respondents, 245 respondents or 49% state they read Berita Harian while
the remaining 255 respondents or 51% state they do not read Berita Harian.
3. Race
ethic group
Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Valid

Malay
Chinese
Indian
others
Total

255
158
79
8
500

51.0
31.6
15.8
1.6
100.0

51.0
31.6
15.8
1.6
100.0

Cumulative
Percent
51.0
82.6
98.4
100.0

[BUSINESS RESEARCH]

There are 4 categories in this survey which are Malay, Chinese, Indian, and
Others. From the frequency distribution table, there are 500 respondents with no
missing value. In this survey, the majority of respondents are Malay. It represents
255 respondents or 51% out of total valid respondents. There are 158 respondents
or 31.6% are Chinese respondents while 79 respondents or 15.8% are Indian
respondents. Only 8 respondents or 1.6% out of valid respondents choose others for
their race.
4. Credit card
credit card
Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Valid

yes
no
Total

Missing System
Total

83
382
465

16.6
76.4
93.0

35

7.0

500

100.0

17.8
82.2
100.0

Cumulative
Percent
17.8
100.0

[BUSINESS RESEARCH]

The table above shows that only 465 valid respondents with 35 missing value.
Out of 465 valid respondents, there are 83 respondents or 16.6% are the users of
credit card. The remaining 382 respondents or 76.8% state that they do not own
credit card. The chart indicates that the respondents are not using credit card than
the respondents are using it.

Question 2
For these variables (age, TOTSAT), run mean, median, mode, range, standard
deviation, variance, skewness and kurtosis and discuss the results.
a. Age
Statistics
age
N

Valid
Missing

Mean
Median
Mode
Std. Deviation
Variance
Skewness

500
0
26.32
25.00
25
7.038
49.532
1.160

[BUSINESS RESEARCH]
Std. Error of
Skewness
Kurtosis
Std. Error of
Kurtosis
Range

.109
3.665
.218
55

From the table above, the variable Age has a mean of 26.32. Median and mode
have the same value which is 25. The range for Age is 55 where the age of
respondents is ranged from 15 to 70 years old. Standard deviation and variance
measure how much the scores deviate from mean or average. For Age standard
deviation is 7.038 whereas variance is 49.532.
Skewness and kurtosis can reflect the shape of distribution. Skewness
measures the symmetry of the distribution while kurtosis measures the peakedness
of the distribution by looking the relative concentration of values in the centre of the
distribution.
For variable Age, mode is equal to median, and median is lower than mean
(mode = median < mean). It indicates the distribution is positively skewed which
skewed to the right with the value of 1.160. It shows the pile up of scores on the left
side of chart.
Meanwhile, it has also positive value of kurtosis which is 3.665. It indicates
that the distribution of Age has a sharper peak than normal bell-shaped distribution.
b. TOTSAT (Total Satisfaction in Life)
9

[BUSINESS RESEARCH]
Statistics
TOTSAT
N

Valid
Missing

Mean
Median
Mode
Std. Deviation
Variance
Skewness
Std. Error of
Skewness
Kurtosis
Std. Error of
Kurtosis
Range

366
134
4.2306
4.3000
4.70
.66340
.440
-.462
.128
-.115
.254
3.50

10

The variable TOTSAT is the measure of satisfaction in life by using ten items in
Section III of the questionnaire with the scores ranged from 1=very dissatisfied to
6=very satisfied.
It has a mean of 4.2306, median of 4.30, and mode of 4.70. The range for Age
is 3.50 with the minimum number of 2.3 to the maximum number of 5.8. The
standard deviation is 0.66340 whereas the variance is 0.440.
For variable TOTSAT, mode is higher than median, and the median is higher
than mean (mode > median > mean). It indicates the distribution is negatively
skewed which skewed to the left with the value of -0.462. It shows the pile up of
scores on the right side of chart.
In measuring the peakedness of the distribution, the variable TOTSAT has a
negative value of kurtosis which is -0.115. It indicates that the distribution of TOTSAT
is relatively flatter than normal bell-shaped distribution.

Question 3
Assess the reliability of the following scales:
1. Satisfaction in Life
2. Moral Standards
3. Religious Inclination
Can the reliability of the scales be improved?
1. Satisfaction in Life
Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's
N of
Alpha
.760

Items
10

money
friends
love
affair/romance
job(if working)
study
relation
leisure
appearance
sexual life
material comfort

Item-Total Statistics
Scale Mean if
Scale

Corrected

Cronbach's

Item Deleted

Item-Total

Alpha if Item

Variance if

Item Deleted
38.55
34.884
37.79
38.773

Correlation
.506
.385

Deleted
.728
.746

38.17

34.556

.463

.735

38.12
38.33
37.32
38.10
37.85
38.35
38.17

35.977
35.979
38.581
37.784
37.476
35.734
36.238

.457
.423
.362
.392
.421
.344
.528

.735
.740
.748
.745
.741
.756
.728

In reliability test, Cronbachs alpha is a measure of internal consistency or

quality of items proposed, which is how closely related a set of items are as a group.
As table Reliability Statistics above shown, the value of Cronbachs Alpha is 0.760.
In most social science situations, reliability coefficient Cronbachs alpha of
0.70 or higher is considered acceptable. Thus in this case, the 0.760 Cronbachs
alpha is acceptable. It indicates that all the 10 items to measure satisfaction in life
are reliable and closely related to each others.

Therefore, there is no need for the reliability of the scales to be improved as

the Cronbachs Alpha of 0.760 indicates that Satisfaction in Life has a good internal
consistency.
2. Moral Standards
Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's
N of
Alpha
.628

Items
8
Item-Total Statistics
Scale Mean if

Scale Variance Corrected Item-

Cronbach's

Item Deleted

if Item Deleted

Alpha if Item

work quality
trustworthy
means
filial piety
authority
advice
woman's life
marriage

31.13
30.98
32.01
30.89
31.13
30.98
30.97
30.88

19.997
19.944
24.849
21.726
19.997
19.944
20.991
21.748

Total
Correlation
.493
.575
-.033
.327
.493
.575
.309
.129

Deleted
.551
.536
.698
.596
.551
.536
.600
.670

As the table shown, the first reliability test for Moral Standards achieved the
Cronbachs Alpha of 0.628. For scientific research, the reliability coefficient of 0.60 or
above is acceptable, but for social science research the reliability score of 0.70 or
above is preferable. Thus, the 0.628 Cronbachs Alpha in this case is considered as
a poor internal consistency and the items proposed are not really reliable.
Next, we checked on the column headed Cronbachs Alpha if Item Deleted to
see whether a higher value of Cronbachs Alpha could be achieved if any of the
items was to be removed. As a result, we removed A15 (end justifies the means)
as the deletion of this item can result in a higher Cronbachs Alpha value which is
0.698. The following tables showed the improvements after deleting one item, A15.
TOTMOR1 (IMPROVEMENTS AFTER REMOVING ONE ITEM, A15)
Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's
Alpha
.698

N of
Items
7
Item-Total Statistics
Scale Mean if Scale Variance Corrected Item-

Cronbach's

Item Deleted

Alpha if Item

work quality
trustworthy
filial piety
authority
advice
woman's life
marriage

27.57
27.43
27.33
27.57
27.43
27.41
27.32

if Item Deleted
18.582
18.595
20.198
18.582
18.595
19.556
20.125

Total
Correlation
.515
.592
.354
.515
.592
.325
.151

Deleted
.637
.623
.677
.637
.623
.687
.757

After removing A15 the result showed that the Cronbachs Alpha was 0.698,
which indicated that the internal consistency of the items was good. Although 0.698
is still below 0.70 but it was already very close to the ideal value of Cronbachs
Alpha. So, we can conclude that the remaining seven items are closely related and
highly reliable in representing the Moral Standards scale as a whole.

3. Religious Inclination
Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's
N of
Alpha
.777

unlucky number
fengsui

Items
3
Item-Total Statistics
Scale Mean if Scale Variance
Corrected

Cronbach's

Item Deleted

Alpha if Item

9.16
9.25

if Item Deleted
4.183
2.986

Item-Total
Correlation
.324
.798

Deleted
1.000
.489

religion

9.25

2.986

.798

.489

From table above, the Cronbachs Alpha is 0.777 which is considered

acceptable in social science research. From this result we can draw a conclusion
that the three items to measure religious inclination are highly reliable and closely
related to each others.
Therefore, there is no need for the reliability of the scales to be improved as
the Cronbachs Alpha of 0.777 indicates that the scale of Religious Inclination has a
good internal consistency.

Question 4
Perform the correlation analysis on the following variables: satisfaction in life, moral
standards, religious inclination, and age. Discuss the results.
Answer:
Correlations
TOTSA TOTRE TOTMOR
age
age

Pearson

Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed)
N
TOTSAT Pearson
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed)
N
TOTREL Pearson
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed)
N
TOTMOR Pearson
1

.161**

-.077

-.051

500

.002
366

.087
500

.258
499

.161**

.182**

.240**

.002
366

366

.000
366

.000
366

-.077

.182**

.787**

.087
500

.000
366

500

.000
499

-.051

.240**

.787**

Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed)
.258
.000
.000
N
499
366
499
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

499

The table above shows the correlation analysis on satisfaction in life

(TOTSAT), moral standards (TOTMOR1), religious inclination (TOTREL), and age.
The table consist of three main point which is Pearson correlation, significant level (2tailed) and the number of cases that has been used in correlation (N). The significant
level (p) is the most important value to look at because it determines either to accept
or to reject the null hypothesis. If p is less than 0.01, we reject the null hypothesis
because there is a relationship between two variables and are significance. Pearson
correlation is used to describe the strength and direction of the linear relationship
between two variables. The values of the correlation coefficient range from -1 to 1.
The sign of the correlation coefficient indicates the direction of the relationship

(positive or negative). The absolute value of the correlation coefficient indicates the
strength, with larger absolute values indicating stronger relationships. The correlation
coefficients on the main diagonal are always 1, because each variable has a perfect
positive linear relationship with itself. Correlation coefficients whose magnitude are
between 0.9 and 1.0 indicate variables which can be considered very highly
correlated. Correlation coefficients whose magnitude are between 0.7 and 0.9
indicate variables which can be considered highly correlated. Correlation coefficients
whose magnitude are between 0.5 and 0.7 indicate variables which can be
considered moderately correlated. Correlation coefficients whose magnitude are
between 0.3 and 0.5 indicate variables which have a low correlation. Correlation
coefficients whose magnitude are less than 0.3 have little if any (linear) correlation.
From the table we can see that is a relationship between TOTSAT and
TOTREL is significant because the p-value is 0.000 which is lower than 0.01 and we
reject the null hypothesis. Pearson correlation shows that TOTSAT and TOTREL
have a positive relationship but it is relatively weak because the correlation value is
only 0.182 that is lower than 0.30. We can make a conclusion that the increase in the
religious inclination of the respondents will cause the satisfaction in life to increase
slightly.
Next, we will look at TOTSAT and TOTMOR1 which also have a significant
relationship. The p-value is 0.000 and it is lower than 0.01. So, we reject the null
hypothesis. TOTSAT and TOTMOR1 have a positive relationship but it is a weak
positive relationship because the correlation value is lower than 0.30 which is only
0.240. We can conclude that the increase in the moral standards will cause the
satisfaction in life to increase slightly.

The third relationship is between TOTSAT and age that is significant because
the p-value is 0.002 and it is lower than 0.01. Thus, we reject the null hypothesis.
However, TOTSAT and age have the lowest positive relationship where is correlation
value is lower than 0.30 and it is only 0.161. We can conclude that the increasing in
the age will affect the satisfaction in life increase slightly.

Since the p-value is 0.000 and it is lower than 0.01 the relationship between
TOTMOR1 and TOTREL is significant. So, we reject the null hypothesis. TOTMOR1
and TOTREL have the positive relationship and it is relatively high where the
correlation value is 0.787. We can conclude that the increase in religious inclination
of the respondents will affect the moral standard increase significantly.
For TOTREL and age, the significant level is 0.087 and it is higher than 0.01.
Therefore, we accept the null hypothesis and there is not relationship between
TOTREL and age. Same things goes to TOTMOR1 and age where is significant level
is 0.258 which exceed 0.01 and we accept the null hypothesis. There is no
relationship between TOTMOR1 and age.

Question 5
Crosstabulation ethnic groups (race1) with satisfaction in life groups
(TOTSAT1). Is there a relationship between races and satisfaction in life?
Discuss the results.

There are two problems to be discussed in this section. Firstly, the comparison
of percentage of the variables and secondly, the significance of relationship between
the variables. First matter would be calculated using crosstabulation in SPSS while
another will be analyzed using Chi-Square test.
Crosstabulation
Crosstabulation is being used to establish an interdependent relationship
between two tables of values which are the ethnics groups and satisfaction in life in
both values and percentage. However, it will not identify a causal relationship
between the values. In this case, we will see if there is any different of level of
satifaction between the different races.

From the table, we can see that the total percentage for each level of
satisfaction within TOTSAT1 is quite average which is about 28-36%. This means the
overall society is neither too satisfied nor extremely not satisfied. However, the result
shows that there are significant difference in each race category for their satisfaction.
Malay are mostly satisfied with their lives as 43.8% of them have high satisfaction in
life.

However, Indian , Chinese and Others have a different result compare to

Malay. 44.9% of Indian and Others and 43.8% of Chinese are having low satisfaction
towards their lives. We can see difference from the comparison between satisfaction
in life of different races and the significant of the difference would be measured as
below by using Chi-Square Test.
Chi-Square Test
Chi-Square test is basically carried out in order to determine whether the
categorical variables are significantly related to each other . In this test, we will look
into the Person Chi-Square value and compare it with the decided asymptotic
significance level ( Asymp.Sig.) to justify the relationship between variables. If the
values is less than the asymptotic significance level, the relationship is significant.

The fact that the Pearson Chi-Square value is 0.001 and much less than 0.05
that being decided to be significance level. This indicates that that the rows and
columns of the contingency are dependent. So, we will reject the null hypothesis
which stated that there is no relationship between race and satisfaction in life.
Generally, this means that it is worthwhile to interpret the cells in the contingency
table and it proved that the relationship is significant.

In conclusion, we can say that race will influence satisfaction in life of a

person. This might be because of his occupation, income, living background,
education or exposures to things happened around through different newspapers.

QUESTION 6
Crosstabulate ethnics groups (race1) with all newspaper. Is there a relationship
between races and newspaper readership? Discuss the results.
News Straits Times

The method used to determine the relationship between these two variable are
the same as question 5 which we need to compare the percentage of the variables
using crosstabulation and also analyzed them using the Chi-Square test.

From the crosstabulation table, it shows that more than half of Malay does not
read the New Sraits Times (NST) newspaper (59.1%) compare to the Chinese and
Indian & Others which majority of them read NST (53.8% and 59.8% respectively).
Despite that, Malay still the highest race reading the NST for the ethnic group which
is 43.2% as they have higher population compare to others (50.9%). The Chinese,
Indian & Others have a lower population (31.7% and 17.4% respectively), thus have
least number of reader for NST.
For the Chi-Square Tests, we can see that Asymp. Sig. of Pearson Chi-Square
shows 0.002 significance level which is much more lower than 0.05. Thus, it shows
that races does affect ones readership of NST.

The Star

By looking at the result from the crosstabulation table, we can see that
majority of Malay does not read The Star newspaper (66.3%) compare to the
Chinese and Indian & Others. More than half of the Chinese read The Star (55.1%)
while Indian & Others make up the highest readers which is 59.8%. For the ethnic
group, the Chinese have the highest amount of readers (38.7%) than Malay, Indian &
Others which is 38.2% and 23.1% respectively.
From the Chi-Square Tests, Asymp. Sig pf Paerson Chi-Square shows 0
significance level, thus less than 0.05. It can be said that the relationship between
races and ones readership of The Star is highly related and significance.
Utusan Malaysia

From the crosstabulation table, it shows that Malay are the highest reader for
the Utusan Malaysia newspaper (74.9%) compare to other races which majority of
them does not read this newspaper. More than half of Indian & Others together does
not read it (56.3%) while the Chinese are the highest race who does not favour this
newspaper (89.2%). Due to that, it is no surprise that among the ethnic group, Malay
have the highest reader (77.6%) compare to the other races.
For the Chi-Square Test, the Asymp. Sig of Pearson Chi-Square shows 0
which is less than significance level of 0.05. This indicates that the relation of both
race and ones readership of Utusan Malaysia is highly and significantly related.
Berita Harian

From the crosstabulation table, we can see that again Malay are the majority
reader for Berita Harian newspaper with 73.7% compare to the other race that have
least reader. The Chinese and Indian & Other make up big portion of reader who
does not read Berita Harian which is 80.4% and 70.1% respectively. For the ethnic
group, the result also the same as Malay have highest reader of this newspaper
which is 76.7% compare to the Chinese and Indian & Others.
The Asymp. Sig of Pearson Chi-Square shows 0 significance level which is
much lower than 0.05. Thus, this indicates that it is highly and significantly related
between races and ones readership of Berita Harian.
Based on these results, it can be concluded that the Chinese and Indian &
Others have the same preference of reading newspaper while Malay have the
opposite preference. This might be due to some factors such as Malay are more
prefer to read newspaper that used their own language since it can provide a better
understanding and also the fact that Malay are not a native English speaker compare
to Chinese and Indian & Others. Besides that, it is also can be said that since the

Chinese and Indian & Others have the same level of preference or level of
satisfaction in life, there can be a indirect relationship between races and satisfaction
in life.

QUESTION 7
Perform a statistical test to see sex differences with respect to all the items in
the satisfaction in life scale. Discuss the results.

Group Statistics
Std.
money
friends
love affair
job
study
relation with
parents
leisure
physical
appearance
sexual life

gender
male
female
male
female
male
female
male
female
male
female
male
female
male
female
male
female

Std. Error

264
231
264
232
262
230
215
183
264
230
264
232

Mean
3.59
3.79
4.47
4.49
4.09
4.13
4.15
4.17
3.93
4.06
4.94
5.09

Deviation
1.342
1.177
1.017
.883
1.384
1.333
1.186
1.253
1.266
1.235
.921
.959

Mean
.083
.077
.063
.058
.085
.088
.081
.093
.078
.081
.057
.063

264
231
263
231

4.21
4.27
4.51
4.40

1.088
1.079
1.073
.999

.067
.071
.066
.066

male
238
3.99
1.455
.094
female
212
3.85
1.498
.103
material comfort male
260
4.03
1.072
.066
female
230
4.23
1.046
.069
In order to compare the means of two samples (sexes), we have used t-test, even
they have different numbers of replicates. In other words, the t-test compares the
actual difference between two means in relation to the variation in the data
(expressed as the standard deviation of the difference between the means).
Based on the Group Statistics table above, it shows the differences of mean
and standard deviation between sex (male and female) and all items related
satisfaction in life which are money, friends, romance, job, study, relation with
partners, leisure, physical appearance, sexual relation and material comfort.
This gives the descriptive statistics for each of the two groups (as defined by
the grouping variable). As example in this result, there are 264 males in the
section(N), and they have, on average 4.47 choose friends, with a standard deviation
of 1.017. There are 232 females section (N), and they have on average, 4.49 choose
friends, with a standard deviation of 0.883. So, we can say that female participants
are feeling friends give satisfaction in life rather than male participants.

The Independent Samples t-test as below is used to see if two means are
different from each other when the two samples that the means are based on were
taken from different individuals; different groups of people (males and females) who
have not been matched as shown in table above.
When there is similar variance between male and female by checking the
results of Levines Test for Equality of Variances. If the variances are equal in both
groups, then the significant value will be greater than 0.05. However, if the significant
value is equal or less than 0.05, the variance is unequal. If the variance is unequal,
the Equal variances not assumed column will be used and if the variance is equal,
the Equal variances not assumed will be used. For study, the variance the significant
value level is 0.786 which is greater than 0.05, the variances is accepted.

Independent Samples Test

Levene's
Test for
Equality of
Variances

t-test for Equality of Means

95%
Confidence
Std.

Interval of

Sig.

Error

the

(2-

Mean Diffe

Difference
taile Differ renc Lowe Upp
money

Equal
variance
s
assumed

F
Sig.
t
7.649 .006 -1.757

df
d) ence
e
r
er
493 .079 -.201 .114 -.425 .024

Equal

-1.773 492.998 .077 -.201 .113 -.423 .022

variance
s not
friends

assumed
Equal
1.801

.180

-.252

494 .801 -.022 .086 -.191 .147

variance
s
assumed
Equal

-.254 493.933 .799 -.022 .085 -.189 .146

variance
s not
love affair

assumed
Equal

.159

.690

-.351

490 .726 -.043 .123 -.285 .198

variance
s
assumed
Equal

-.352 485.788 .725 -.043 .123 -.284 .198

variance
s not
job

assumed
Equal

.898

.344

-.168

396 .867 -.021 .122 -.261 .220

variance
s
assumed
Equal

-.167 378.369 .867 -.021 .123 -.262 .221

variance
s not
study

assumed
Equal

.073

.786 -1.177

492 .240 -.133 .113 -.355 .089

variance
s
assumed
Equal
variance
s not
assumed

-1.179 485.777 .239 -.133 .113 -.354 .089

relation with

Equal

parents

variance

.425

.515 -1.738

494 .083 -.147 .084 -.313 .019

s
assumed
Equal

-1.733 480.201 .084 -.147 .085 -.313 .020

variance
s not
leisure

assumed
Equal

.198

.656

-.659

493 .510 -.064 .098 -.256 .127

variance
s
assumed
Equal

-.660 485.374 .510 -.064 .098 -.256 .127

variance
s not
physical

assumed
Equal

appearance

variance

.015

.904

1.100

492 .272

.103 .094 -.081 .287

1.105 490.324 .270

.103 .093 -.080 .286

1.023

448 .307

.143 .139 -.131 .416

1.021 438.843 .308

.143 .140 -.132 .417

s
assumed
Equal
variance
s not
sexual life

assumed
Equal
1.517

.219

variance
s
assumed
Equal
variance
s not
material comfort

assumed
Equal
1.495
variance
s
assumed

.222 -2.080

488 .038 -.200 .096 -.388 -.011

Equal

-2.084 483.295 .038 -.200 .096 -.388 -.011

variance
s not
assumed
The T-Test for equality of means indicate that the significant value which is
equal or less than P=0.05 means significant difference in mean score. While, if value
more than P= 0.05, there is no significant difference between 2 groups. In T-Test for
equality of means significant 2 tail value, money has 0.07 values which > P=.05
means significant difference in mean score occurs.
We decide to accept H0: there is no difference that money gives satisfaction of
life between male and female. As before, the decision rule is given by: 0.07 is not
less than or equal to .05, so we fail to reject H0.

That implies that we success to observe there is no difference in satisfaction of

life is money between the male and female. From the data shown as above, we can
see from the Sig. (2-tailed) all the items for Sig value are score more than 0.05
expect the item Material comfort .
In conclusion, we can conclude that money, friends, physical appearance,
romance, sexual relation, relation with partners, leisure, study and job give
satisfaction in life are statistically not significantly different with sex variable expect
the item Material comfort. Only material comfort gives different level of satisfaction in
life between male and female.

Test of Homogeneity of Variances

Levene
(r) unlucky no.
(r) fengsui
(r)religion
important

Statistic
.615
1.087

df1
2
2

df2
488
488

Sig.
.541
.338

1.087

488

.338

QUESTION 8
Perform a statistical test to see marital status group differences (marital1) with
respects to all the items in the religious inclination. Discuss the results.
From the The test of Homogeneity of variance table below shows that the significant
values of the all items in religious inclination variables are more than 0.05. We can
say that, the variable are not violated the assumption of homogeneity of variance.

ANOVA
Sum of
Squares
(r) unlucky no.

(r) fengsui

(r) religion
important

Between
Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between
Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between
Groups
Within Groups
Total

Mean
Square

df

.506

.253

593.702
594.208

488
490

1.217

1.952

.976

509.620
511.572

488
490

1.044

1.952

.976

509.620
511.572

488
490

1.044

Sig.

.208

.812

.935

.393

.935

.393

The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to determine whether there

are any significant differences between groups means on dependent variables.
Respondents were classified into 3 groups based on their marital status, which are
Group 1 is Single, Group 2 is married without children, and Group 3 is married with
children. There are three items were used to measure religious inclination which is an
unlucky numberofthe house or car registration number, Fengsui or Geomancy and
religion.
From the result of the ANOVA table above, we can say that there is no
significant difference about the means between religious inclinations for the 3 groups
of marital status (marital1). This is because the significant values show all the items
of religious inclination scale are more than 0.05.
If we look at the significant value of the unlucky number of the house or car
registration number on the Anova table above, the results show that, the P-value is
0.812 which is higher that 0.05. Likewise with Fengsui or Geomancy and religion.
Both two items show the result of P-Value are 0.393 which higher than 0.05. Its
indicate that or giving the meaning that there is no significant difference between
these three items and marital status.
Therefore, we conclude that there is no significant difference about the means
between the marital status (marital 1) and religious inclination, which we accept the

null hypothesis because the p-values of each item of religious inclination and marital
status (marital 1) are more than 0.05 and we reject the alternative hypothesis.

Question 9
Using the following variables, perform a regression analysis and discuss the results:
Dependent= Satisfaction in life
Independent= Moral standards; religious inclination.
Model Summaryb
Model

R Square

Adjusted R
Square

.243

.059

.054

Std. Error of the

Estimate
.64536

a. Predictors: (Constant), TOTREL, TOTMOR1

b. Dependent Variable: TOTSAT
According to the Model Summary table above, Adjusted R Square is 0.054. It
means that 5.4% of total variance in the satisfaction in life is explained by the model
which includes the variables of moral standards and religious inclination.

ANOVAa
Model

Sum of

df

Mean

Squares
Regression
1

Residual
Total

Sig.

Square

9.451

4.726

151.186
160.637

363
365

.416

11.346

.000b

a. Dependent Variable: TOTSAT

b. Predictors: (Constant), TOTREL, TOTMOR1
Based on the ANOVA table above, the significance value is 0.000 which is
lower than 0.05. Therefore, the figure 0.000 less than 0.05 indicates that this model is
statistical significant.
Coefficientsa
Model

(Constant)
TOTMOR1
TOTREL

Unstandardized

Standardize

Coefficients

B
3.267
.253
-.041

Std. Error
.209
.080
.069

Coefficients
Beta
.285
-.053

15.632
3.147
-.589

a. Dependent Variable: TOTSAT

The output above shows that the beta of moral standards is 0.285 while the
beta of religious inclination is -0.053. The positive beta shows that moral standards
has a positive relationship with satisfaction in life. The negative beta shows that
religious inclination has a negative relationship with satisfaction in life.
The significance value of moral standards is 0.002 which shows that it
statistically significant to the satisfaction in life because its p-value less than 0.05.
Religious inclination has significance value of 0.556 which indicates that it not
significant to the satisfaction in life since its p-value bigger than 0.05.
For the recommendation, you have to increase moral standards if you want to
have satisfaction in life because the higher the beta, the stronger the relationship.

Besides that, we also suggest to eliminate religious inclination because it may be

overlap with other independent variables in this model.