Right-Wing terrorist groups

Unlike left-wing counterparts right-wing groups do not share clear-cut

ideology
Have following characteristics in common:
o Seek to change political, social, economic system on an extremist
rightist model
o Willingness to use violence to achieve political goals

Root causes:
Internal and external causes
Internal causes refer to the psyches of the terrorist individuals. Right-wing
terrorists tend to suffer more from psychotic personalities than their counterparts
from the radical left. External root causes can be found in the histories and
societies of the respective countries where the right-wing terrorists operate. (Eg.
Important political events like collapse of Soviet Union)
Mass immigration
Mass immigration had resulted in rapid societal changes which has fueled a deep
xenophobia among certain individuals, who fear that their own position in society
will be contested by immigrants
Examples:
Blood and honour
Aim: Purge UK (and in extension Europe) of immigrants and Jews and overthrow
democratic system
Period of operation: 1987-Present
Last attack: 1999
Operates in: Northern, Western, Eastern Europe
Founded in 1987 as music promotion network, aimed at spreading nazist
propaganda through music. Not involved in terrorism until it formed its armed
wing, Combat18 (C18). Attacks typically aimed at immigrants.
Example of attack: 3 dead, 139 injured when nail bombs set off in multicultural
neighborhoods in London and Brixton in 1999

Russian National Unity

Aim: Creation of racially pure Russia by expulsion of Jews, Turkic people and
Caucasians
Period of operation: 1990-Present

Operates in: Russia, Ukraine, Baltic states

Members: 6000 active
Founded by Alexandr Barkashov, established as political party and initially
refrained from violent activities. Combines principle of racial purity with strong
adherence to Russian-Orthodox Church, a tool used to designate a genuinely
Russian identity.
Example of attack: Paramilitary wing, Russian Knights, involved in bomb attack
on synagogue in Moscow in 1999
Ordine Nuovo (New Order)
Aim: Abolition of parliamentary system, annihilation of all left-wing influence, reestablishment of fascist state
Period of operation: 1956-Present (Terrorist group from 1969 to present)
Last attack: 1980
Operates in: Italy
Members: Approx. 600
Started as a non-violent political party, aimed at evoking wariness of the Left in
the Italian public.
Example of attack: Bomb explosion on the Bologna central train station in 1980,
causing 85 deaths and 200 injuries
Clandestine Corsicans/Corsican Resistance
Aim: Independence from France, expulsion of immigrants
Period of operation: 1990s-Present (CC), CR dissolved in 2003
Operates in: Corsica, an island in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to France
Members: Approx. 600
Both organizations have roots in the National Front for the Liberation of Corsica,
Corsicas principal separatist movement. Main difference with their parental
organization is the embrace of extreme racism and xenophobia.

Religious groups
Hizb ut-Tahrir al Islami
Aim: Interaction with the Ummah so that she adopts Islam as her cause and is
led to restore the Khilafah and the ruling by what Allah revealed

Period of operation: 1953-Present

Members: Approx. 1 000 000
Operates in: Global with London regarded as the most important center of Hizb
ut-Tahrir worldwide
Hizb ut-Tahrir al Islami (Islamic Party of Liberation) is a transnational party that
claims to try to achieve its political goals without the use of violence and has
branches in about 40 countries. In almost all these countries, it is perceived as a
threat to the state or a terrorist organization.

The Hofstadgroep
Aim: Overthrow of Western democracy and its replacementby a pure form of
Islam
Members: 14 active members
Period of operation: 2002-Present
Areas of Operation: Netherlands
The Hofstadgroep is an Islamist terrorist organization of nine young Muslims in
the Netherlands. The group was influenced by the ideology of Takfir wal Hijra, a
violent Islamist organization. It is a diffuse and self-generated autonomous
network and was not organized in a top down command structure. Eventually
declined due to imprisonment of key members.
Example of attack: Murder of the controversial Dutch writer and filmmaker Theo
van Gogh by Mohammed Bouyeri, one of the Hofstadgroeps key members.
Occurred on November 2 2004 when Theo van Gogh was assassinated while
biking to work.
Causes of attack: (Perceived) discrimination, problems between generations,
difficulties with personal identity, conflicts affecting the Muslim world (eg. Iraq,
Chechnya)