Apa Itu Greenhouse?

Green house adalah sebuah bangunan kontruksi yang berfungsi untuk menghindari dan
memanipulasi kondisi lingkungan agar tercipta kondisi lingkungan yang dikehendaki dalam
pemeliharaan tanaman. Green House disebut juga "Rumah Kaca", karena kebanyakan green house
di buat dari bahan yang tembus cahaya seperti kaca, achrilic, plastik dan sejenisnya.
Dengan greenhouse beberapa kondisi lingkungan berikut dapat dihindari, antara lain:
1. Perubahan suhu dan kelembaban yang fluktuatif
2. Akibat buruk yang di timbulkkan dari radiasi sinar matahari jenis sinar ultra violet dan sinar infra red
3. Kekurangan air pada musim kemarau dan kelebihan air pada musim penghujan.
4. Hama dan binatang pengganggu serta penyakit tanaman seperti jamur dan bakteri.
5. Tiupan angin kencang yang dapat merobohkan tanaman dan merusak daun
6. Tiupan angin dan serangga yang dapat menggagalkan proses penyerbukan bunga
7. Akibat buruk dari polusi udara
Kondisi lingkungan yang dapat di ciptakan dengan adanya greenhouse, antara lain:
1. Kondisi cuaca yang mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman
2. Suhu , kelembaban dan intensitas cahaya matahari dapat di atur sesuai kebutuhan
3. Penyiraman tanaman dapat diatur berkala
4. Kebersihan lingkungan dapat dijaga dengan baik sehingga terhindar dari penyakit tanaman.
5. Kenyamanan terhadapa aktivias produksi dan pengendalian mutu.
6. Udara yang bersih dari polutan
7. Insklusi (terlindung) terhadap gangguan binatang/hama dan serangga penggangu.
Manfaat dan Fungsi Greenhouse
Banyak manfaat & kegunaan dari greenhouse, antara lain:
1. Sebagai sarana pembibitan tanaman
2. Tempat karantina tanaman
Tanaman yang sedang sakit, terkena hama atau ketika dalam proses tranplantasi (pemindahan
tanaman) perlu dirawat dan dipelihara secara intensif atau di karantina. Hal ini dapat dilakukan di
dalam green house untuk mendapatkan perawatan khusus dan mengindari kontaminasi terhadap
tanaman lain.
3. Sebagai wahana budidaya tanaman tertentu
Jenis tanaman tertentu menghendaki pemeliharaan khusus karena tanaman tersebut hanya dapat
hidup dan berproduksi pada kondisi khusus. Misalnya beberapa jenis holtikultura (buah, sayur dan
bunga), tanaman herbal dan tanaman hias. Dengan adanya green house kondisi lingkungan dapat di
manipulasi sesuai dengan kebutuhan tanaman tersebut sehingga produksi dapat berjalan dengan
baik, meminimalisir kegagalan produksi dan meningkatkan produktifitas.
4. Sebagai sarana Agro Wisata
Green house banyak di jadikan sebagai sarana agro wisata di perkotaan yang memadukan
keindahan taman dan fauna seperti angsa, burung dan lainya. Kenyamanan pengunjung dapat di
ciptakan dan binatang dapat terjaga dengan baik.
5. Sebagai Agromart/Agroshop
Penjualan tanaman seperti tanaman hias tidak mungkin dilakukan didalam gedung yang tertutup yang
tidak ada cahaya matahari. Dengan adanya green house dapat diciptakan kondisi yang nyaman bagi
para pengunjung dan pemeliharaan tanamanpun lebih mudah dilakukan.
Karena denganGreenhousefaktor yang berpengaruhseperti suhu, sinar matahari, kelembaban, danudara
disediakan, dipertahankan dandidistribusikan secara merata pada level yang optimal. Untuk tujuan ini
disyaratkan dalampembuatangreenhouseadalah mempunyaitransmisi cahaya yang tinggi, konsumsi
panasyangrendah,ventilasiyangcukupdanefisien,strukturyangkuat.
Greenhouseuntuk daerah tropis sangatmemungkinkan dan mempunyai banyakkeuntungan dalam
produksi dan budidayatanaman. Produksi dapat dilakukan sepanjangtahun, dimana produksi dalam lahan
yangterbuka tidak memungkinkan karena adanyahujan yang sering dan angin yang
kencang.Strukturgreenhousedidaerahtropisseringmenggunakansisinyauntukmelindungidanmengontrol

suhu denganmenggunakan ventilasi alamiah maupunterkontrol dengan dilapisi jala (screens) yangmampu
mengurangiseranganseranggadanhama.
*** Sumber: http://www.gemaperta.com

In the electric power industry, megawatt electrical (MWe[17] or MWe[18]) is electric power,
while megawatt thermal or thermal megawatt[19] (MWt, MWt, or MWth, MWth) refers to thermal
power produced. Other SI prefixes are sometimes used, for example gigawatt electrical (GWe).
"watt electrical" and "watt thermal" are not SI units,[20] The International Bureau of Weights and
Measures states that further information about a quantity should not be attached to the unit
symbol but instead to the quantity symbol (i.e.,Pthermal = 270 W rather than P = 270 Wth) and
regards these symbols as incorrect.[21]
For example, the Embalse nuclear power plant in Argentina uses a fission reactor to generate
2109 MWt of heat, which creates steam to drive a turbine, which generates 648 MWe of electricity
(a numerical energy conversion efficiency of 648/2109 = 0.307, or 30.7%). The difference is due
to the inefficiency of steam-turbine generators and the limitations of the theoretical Rankine
cycle.

Definition
<p>The watt (symbol: W) is the SIunit of power defined as one joule of energy
transferred or dissipated in one second (J/s). Its expression in terms of SI base
units is m2kgs-3.</p><p>The watt is a common unit of electrical power, in which
case one watt of power is expended when oneampere of direct current flows through
a resistance of one ohm.Watt electrical (abbreviation: We) is a term that refers to
power produced as electricity. SI prefixes can be used, for example megawatt
electrical(MWe) and gigawatt electrical (GWe).Watt thermal (abbreviation: Wt or
Wth) refers to thermal power produced; again SI prefixes can be used, for
example megawatt thermal (MWt) and gigawatt thermal(GWt). </p><p>For
perspective, the approximate heat dissipation from an adult human is around 100
Wt. A typical kitchen microwave will be rated around 1000 W (1 kW) and a typical
automobile's power output rating will be around 150 kW. </p>

History
<p>The unit is named for James Watt (1736-1819), the Scottish inventor, instrument
maker and mechanical engineer, renowned for his improvements on the steam
engine. </p>

Conversions

<p>1 watt = 1 joule/second

1 watt = 1 volt ampere
1 watt = 1107 ergs/second
1 watt = 2.3900610-4 kilocalorie (thermal)/second
1 watt = 9.4845210-4 Btu (thermal)/second
</p>

Megawatts electric

Figure 1. The energy input in a heat engine is measured as MWt, and the output energy obtained
as electricity is measured as MWe.[1]

Megawatts electric or MWe is one of the two values assigned to a power plant, the
other being megawatts thermal or MWt. Megawatts electric refers to
the electricity output capability of the plant, and megawatts thermal refers to the input
energy required. Power plants are assigned two values as most are heat engines,
[2]

and therefore can't turn 100% of their input energy into electricity. This idea is closely
related tomechanical power, how much power an engine can put out.
For example, a coal-fired power plant rated at 1000 MWe and 3000 MWt will require
supply of 3000 MW of heat from burningcoal for every 1000 MW of electricity it
produces. That's approximately 100 kg of coal every second. This means that it puts
out 2000 MW of waste heat, usually into a large body of water or the atmosphere.
1000 MWe for every 3000 MWt leads to an efficiency of 33%, which is fairly standard
for older plants.

It is good to understand the difference between the two numbers, because, in the
event of a proposed project, you can understand how efficient a plant will be. The
closer a power plant's MWt and MWe ratings are, the more efficient it is.
It is worth noting that not all power plants are heat engines,
specifically hydroelectricity, photovoltaic electricity andwind power are not heat
engines so they have no megawatt thermal rating. These flows of energy have other
types oflosses associated with them though. Likewise fuel cells aren't heat engines,
but are not able to convert energywithout losses.
References
1.

Jump up Made internally by a member of the Encyclopedia team

2.

Jump up R. Wolfson, "Energy and Heat," in Energy, Environment and Climate, 2nd ed. New York, U.S.A.:
Norton, 2012, pp. 86-87

Megawatts thermal

Figure 1. The energy input in a heat engine is measured as MWt, and the output energy obtained
as electricity is measured as MWe.[1]

Most power plants are heat engines, and therefore can't turn 100% of their input
energy into electricity. Because of this, there are two values assigned to a
powerplant: megawatts electric (MWe), and megawatts thermal (MWt). The former
refers to the electricity output capability of the plant, and the latter refers to the input
energy required.

[2]

For example, a coal-fired power plant rated at 1000 MWe and 3000 MWt will require
supply of 3000 MW of heat from burningcoal for every 1000 MW of electricity it
produces. That's approximately 100 kg of coal every second. This means that it puts
out 2000 MW of waste heat, usually into a large body of water or the atmosphere.
1000 MWe for every 3000 MWt leads to an efficiency of 33%, which is fairly standard
for older plants.
It is good to understand the difference between the two numbers, because, in the
event of a proposed project, you can understand how efficient a plant will be. The
closer a power plant's MWt and MWe ratings are, the more efficient it is.
It is worth noting that not all power plants are heat engines,
specifically hydroelectricity, photovoltaic electricity and wind power are not heat
engines so they have no megawatt thermal rating. These flows of energy have other
types oflosses associated with them though. Likewise fuel cells aren't heat engines,
but are not able to convert energywithout losses.
References
1.

Jump up Made internally by a member of the Encyclopedia team

2.

Jump up R. Wolfson, "Energy and Heat," in Energy, Environment and Climate, 2nd ed. New York, U.S.A.:
Norton, 2012, pp. 86-87

How to calculate Megawatts thermal from having

values of Megawatts electrial (1000MWe) and
efficiency (20%)?
Best Answer: The amount of heat an electrical system dissipates is a direct function of the efficiency
of the system. Electrical energy either produces power in the load or is dissipated in the form of heat.
Therefore:
MW(thermal) = (1 - %eff.) x MW(electrical)
MW(thermal) = 0.8 x 1000 MW = 800 MW