org
Published in IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation
Received on 29th January 2010
Revised on 23rd March 2011
doi: 10.1049/iet-map.2010.0034
ISSN 1751-8725
Abstract: A square-looped and an end-coupled resonator used in a planar ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna to achieve bandnotched performance are presented here. To obtain notched performance in the wireless local area network band, both the
square-looped and end-coupled resonator are designed and placed in a fork-shaped UWB antenna centre. The characteristics
and schematic equivalent circuit of each resonator are also discussed. Parametric studies of a fork-shaped antenna with
square-looped resonator are given as an example to explore the operating mechanism. Accordingly, the band-notched antenna
can effectively select target bands by adjusting different resonator structures. The proposed antenna features at gainfrequency response and group delay as well as 10 25 dB gain suppression in the notched band.
Introduction
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length approximates half a wavelength at the notched
frequency. Meanwhile, the end-coupled resonator is
composed of a strip line with a pair of quarter wavelength
folded open stubs. Compared with the band-notched
methods using thin slits and plastic strips, the proposed
resonators have several advantages.
1. The resonator is placed in the centre of the fork-shaped
antenna and does not add to the size of the antenna.
2. The resonator interferes only slightly with the fork-shaped
antennas performance except within the notched band.
3. The resonator has a simple geometry with fewer
parameters, which releases computation load in the
optimisation process.
4. The resonator demonstrates good notched band
performance such as narrow notched bandwidth, fast rolloff rate as well as 10 25 dB gain suppression (generally,
the measured gain suppression of thin slits and plastic strips
are usually less than 10 dB [14 17]).
Compact sized antennas (35 20 mm2) have been
successfully designed, built and veried. The proposed
antennas have promising characteristics in terms of
impedance matching, radiation patterns, gain response and
group delay over the entire UWB band. Meanwhile, the
proposed antennas show good notched performance such as
a fast roll-off rate, good gain suppression ability and narrow
notched bandwidth at the notched band. In Section 2, a
fork-shaped UWB antenna with a square-looped resonator
and end-coupled resonator is presented. The geometry and
design concept of each resonator is discussed. The
comparison between the square-looped resonator and the
tapped-line coupled resonator in [22] is further discussed. In
Section 3, a parametric study of the proposed antenna with
the square-looped resonator is used to explain the basic
resonant behaviour. Consequently, the gain-frequency
transfer function and group delay are presented. Finally,
conclusions are presented in Section 4.
2
2.1
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3.1
Parametric study
Fig. 8 depicts the VSWR for various lengths of the squarelooped resonator. It is clearly seen that the length of the
square-looped resonator has a signicant effect on the
notched frequency. The notched frequency shifts from
around 5.2 GHz to 6.3 GHz as the length of the square loop
changes from 20 to 24 mm. (L8 changes from 5 to 7 mm).
This is because of the fact that the resonant frequency of
the square-looped resonator is inversely proportional to the
length of the resonator.
Fig. 9 shows the VSWR against the various input positions
of the square-looped resonator. In this case, only the strip, W5 ,
moves in the x-direction. The location of the short strip in the
x-orientation has a signicant effect on the notched
frequency. Compared with the resonant frequency variation
of both the resonator and proposed antenna in the same
condition, the variation of the proposed antenna is
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Fig. 9 VSWR against the various input positions of the squarelooped resonator
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suppression ability in the WLAN band. The set of
parameter studies of the proposed antenna provides brief
guidelines for the band-notched antenna design. Evaluations
of return loss, radiation patterns, gain responses and group
delay conrm the antenna performance. These features of
the proposed antenna demonstrate that the proposed antenna
is suitable for UWB communicational applications and
prevents interference from WLAN systems.
Acknowledgments
Conclusion
A band-notched monopole UWB antenna using a squarelooped resonator and an end-coupled resonator has been
presented. By using two resonators, the proposed antenna
has a narrower notched bandwidth and good gain
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References
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18 Nikolaou, S., Amadjikpe, A., Papapolymerou, J., Tentzeris, M.M.:
Compact Ultra Wideband (UWB) elliptical monopole with potentially
recongurable band rejection characteristic. Asia-Pacic Microwave
Conf., APMC 2007, 1114 December 2007, pp. 14
19 Zaker, R., Ghobadi, C., Nourinia, J.: Novel modied UWB planar
monopole antenna with variable frequency band-notch function,
IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., 2008, 7, pp. 112114
20 Hong, C.-Y., Ling, C.-W., Tarn, I.-Y., Chung, S.-J.: Design of a planar
ultrawideband antenna with a new band-notch structure, IEEE Trans.
Antennas Propag., 2007, 55, (12), pp. 33913397
21 Wu, S.-J., Kang, C.-H., Chen, K.-H., Tarng, J.-H.: A notched-band
UWB planar monopole antenna using the tapped-line coupled
IET Microw. Antennas Propag., 2011, Vol. 5, Iss. 10, pp. 1227 1233
doi: 10.1049/iet-map.2010.0034
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