corporal punishment adalah tindakan kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh orang

tertentu pada orang lain atas nama pendisiplinan anak dengan menggunakan
hukuman fisik, Unsur terpenting dari corporal punishment adalah
pelakunya adalah seseorang atau sejumlah orang terdekat seperti guru,
orangtua, ustadz dan lain-lainnya yang seharusnya memiliki kewenangan,
kewajiban dan kesempatan untuk melindungi anak.
corporal punishment is act of violence perpetrated by certain people to others in
the name of disciplining children by using physical punishment, most important
element of corporal punishment is the culprit. The culprot is someone or some
people nearby, such as teachers, parents, religious teacher and others who
should have the authority, obligation and opportunity to protect children.

Family or domestic corporal punishmenttypically, punishment

of children or teenagers by parents or other adult guardians

School corporal punishmentof students by teachers or school

administrators. Physical punishment during their training.

Judicial corporal punishment. Closely related is prison corporal

punishment or disciplinary corporal punishment, ordered by prison authorities
or carried out directly by staff. Corporal punishment is also allowed in
some military settings in a few jurisdictions.

Sebagai contoh di Surabaya, seorang siswa terpaksa meninggal dunia karena

disetrap oleh gurunya dan dihukum dengan cara lari mengelilingi lapangan
sebanyak 20 kali. Siswa yang dihukum lari itu terjatuh karena dipukul dengan
tongkat oleh gurunya gara-gara kecapekan dan tidak lagi kuat lari, kepalanya
membentur batu hingga kemudian tewas (Memorandum, 3/9/1997).
For example, in Surabaya, a student died because punished by a run around the
field as much as 20 times. Students was fall because beaten with sticks by his
teacher. The teacher beaten student because exhausted and no longer strong run,
hit his head on a rock until then killed .

Dampak kekerasan dalam pendidikan (baik pendidikan formal maupun non

formal) pada anak dapat membawa dampak negatif sebagai
berikut. Pertama, secara fisik kekerasan ini mengakibatkan adanya kerusakan
tubuh seperti: luka-luka memar, luka-luka simetris di wajah (di kedua sisi),
punggung, pantat, tungkai, luka lecet, sayatan-sayatan, luka bakar,
pembengkakan jaringan-jaringan lunak, pendarahan dibawah kulit, dehidrasi
sebagai akibat kurangnya cairan, patah tulang, pendarahan otak, pecahnya
lambung, usus, hati, pancreas.

The effects of violence in education (both formal and non-formal) in children can
have negative impacts as follows. First, physical violence resulted in the destruction
of the body such as: bruises, wounds symmetrically on the face (on both sides),
back, buttocks, legs, abrasions, incisions, burns, swelling of the soft tissues ,
bleeding under the skin, dehydration as a result of a lack of fluid, fracture, brain
hemorrhage, rupture of the stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas.

Kedua, secara psikis, anak yang mengalami penganiayaan sering menunjukkan:

penarikan diri, ketakutan atau bertingkah laku agresif, emosi yang labil, depresi,
jati diri yang rendah, kecemasan, adanya gangguan tidur, phobia, kelak bisa
tumbuh menjadi penganiaya, menjadi bersifat keras, gangguan stress pasca
trauma dan terlibat penggunaan zat adiktif, kesulitan berkomunikasi atau
berhubungan dengan teman sebayanya. Mereka akan menutupi luka-luka yang
dideritanya serta tetap bungkam merahasiakan pelakunya karena ketakutan
akan mendapatkan pembalasan dendam.

Secondly, psychologically, children who experience corporal punishment often show:

withdrawal, fear or act aggressively, emotional lability, depression, identity is low,
anxiety, sleep disturbance, phobia, could someday grow into a persecutor, became
to be hard, post traumatic stress disorder and involved the use of addictive
substances, difficulty communicating or associating with peers. They will cover the
injuries suffered and remained silent culprit secret for fear of getting revenge.