GROUP VI

THE PAPER OF STUCTURE DRILL 1

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By:
Ahmad Hanafi Pulungan
Riska Tria Paramitha

Juwita Mentari Suci

Hasanatul Faujiah
Muhammad Khaibar Putra
Adithia
Khairunnisyak
Rina Irawan Nasution
Sartika
Sri Ayu Ratma Ningsih
PBI-1/Cemester I
THE FACULTY OF TARBIYAH AND
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION

THE STATE INSTITUTE FOR ISLAMIC

STUDIES NORTH SUMATERA
MEDAN

TA. 2013-2014

CONTENT
A. Bab I Preface
Background

B. Bab II Explanation
Pronoun
Personal pronoun

Demonstrative pronoun

Reflexive pronoun

Possessive pronoun

Interrogative pronoun

Indefinitive pronoun

Relative pronoun

Reciprocal pronoun

Intensive pronoun

Distributive pronoun

Verb
Action verb

Linkink verb

Helping verb

C. Bab III Closing

Conclution
Sources

BAB I
PREFACE
A. Background
A Practical English Grammar is intended for intermediate and postintermediate students. We hope that more advanced learners and it will also useful.
This paper has content of structures and forms, written in clear modern English and it
with numerous examples.
Topics covered of this paper include such us; pronouns, types of pronouns,
verb and types of verb that we provided and we expect its useful and clearly
explanation for you. And from these topics that also have the other case in each topic
and wiwill give all of you the clear example
Thank you so much for our lecture that have been teached us, especially to
make this paper before it. Now, let us to see the content of our paper and learn it more
again.

BAB II
1

EXPLANATION
I.

PRONOUN

A. Defenition
The word pronoun comes from the Latin pronomen meaning for a noun. As
the word implies, pronouns are the words that we use in place of nouns. It will
become clear later when we discuss the difference between possessive and
demonstrative pronouns and possessive and demonstrative adjectives
why this definition is so important.
We use pronouns to make clear whom or what we are talkingabout, while
avoiding confusing or clumsy repetition.It is wise to teach just personal pronouns
initially and bring in the other kinds later. Recognition is important while fuller
explanation and exercises can follow later. Before learning about pronouns,
we should understand the term noun recognise both common and
proper nouns in the last topic. (Bhat.D.N.S, 2007: 2)
B. The Kinds Of Pronouns
1. Personal Pronoun
Personal pronoun generally take the place that refer of the people, things or
animals. Personal proun have two cases: Nominative and Objective.
Nominative case that used to replace when the pronoun was a subject of a verb.
Objective case that used when the subject is object or preposition. (Barbara Dykes,
2007: 36)
Example:
Nominative case: She was an excellent dancer
Objective case: The Teacher gave us the new project.

2. Demonstrative Pronoun
Demonstrative pronouns are used for pointing out things. The words this, that,
these and those are demonstrative pronouns. (Barbara Dykes, 2007: 38)
Example :

This is the Mings' house.

These are sheep but those are goats.

That is my friends house.

3. Reflexive Pronoun
Reflexive pronouns are words that refer to the noun or
pronoun that is the subject of the verb. The words myself, yourself,
himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves and themselves are
reflexive pronouns.
Example:
John was looking at himself in the mirror.
The children cleaned their room all by themselves.
4. Possessive Pronoun
Possessive pronouns are used to talk about things that belong to people. The
words mine, yours, his, hers, ours and theirs are possessive pronouns.
Example:

Have you lost yours, Tom?

Sarah has lost her cat. Is this cat hers?

I can see our car, but where is yours?

5. Interrogative Pronoun
Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions. The words who, whose,
what, which and whom are interrogative pronouns.
Example : Whose are these shoes
3

6. Indefinite Pronoun
An indefinite pronoun does not refer directly to any other word. Most
indefinite pronouns express idea of quantity.
Example:
Everybody is welcome at the meeting.
Many prefer their coffee with sugar.
7. Relative Pronoun
Relative pronouns function not only as pronouns but also as conjunctions. The
relative pronoun replaces a noun. (Laurie Rozaki, 2003: 9)

Who and whom refer to persons.

Which refers to things.

That refers to things and in rare instances may refer to persons.

Whose, the only possessive case relative pronoun, may refer to either persons
or things.

8. Reciprocal Pronoun
Reciprocal pronoun that used to show a mutual relationship. There are two
reciprocal pronouns, and they have genitives:
each other is used when the group consist of just two people, animals, or
things.
one another is used when the group consist of more than two people, animals,
or things.
Example:

The partners trusted each other completely.

My brother and I borrow one anothers clothes.

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9. Intensive Pronoun
An intensive pronoun that used to emphasize its antecedent. The intensive
pronoun occasionally comes before its antecedent. (Rahma Fitriani, 2010:33)
Example: They themselves promised to come to the party.

10. Distributive Pronoun

Its always used to consider members of group that separately rather than
collectively. The words that included to the distributive pronoun such as: each,
neither, and either. (Rahma Fitriani, 2010: 31)
Example:
Each of us was given a prize
(each refers to everyone of group of things taken separate)

II.

VERB

Verbs are words that express action or state of being, and they are an essential
part of a complete sentence. There are three types of verbs: action verbs, linking
verbs, and helping verbs. (Utah Valley, 2010: 1)
1. Action Verb
Action verbs are words that express action or possession. Action verbs can be
either transitive or intransitive.
Example: :

express action (give, eat, walk,etc)

possession (have, own,etc)

Transitive Verb

A transitive verb always has a noun that receives the action of the verb. This

noun is called the direct object.

Example: Rina raises her hand.
Transitive verbs sometimes have indirect objects, which name the object to
whom or for whom the action was done.
Example: Khaibar gave Becky the pencil.

Intransitive Verb
An intransitive verb never has a direct or indirect object. Although an

intransitive verb may be followed by an adverb or adverbial phrase, there is no object

to receive its action.
Example: Sartika rises slowly from her seat.
2. Linking Verb
A linking verb connects the subject of a sentence to a noun or adjective that
renames or describes it. This noun or adjective is called the subject complement.
Example: Jhon became a business major.
Two other common linking verbs, to become and to seem, are always used as
linking verbs. Other verbs may be linking verbs in some cases and action verbs in
others such us; to appear, to feel, to look, to remain, to stay, to taste.
3. Helping Verb
Helping verbs are used before action or linking verbs to convey additional
information regarding aspects of possibility (can, could, etc.) or time (was, did, has,
etc.). They are also called auxiliary verbs. The main verb with its accompanying
helping verb is called a verb phrase.
Examples: Teju is going to Florida.
The trip might be dangerous
The following words, called modals, always function as helping verbs:
6

Can

may

must

shall

will

Could

might

ought to

should

would

Examples:

Tanya could learn to fly helicopters.

Janine will drive to Idaho tomorrow.

In addition, the following forms of the verbs to be, to do, and to have

sometimes serve as helping verbs but in other case, they may serve as action or
linking verbs. (Utah Valley, 2010: 2-3)
Am be

being do

had

have

was

Are

did

has

is

were

been

does

Example:

Helping Verb (Jana is moving to a new house.)

Linking Verb (Jana is ready to go).

Action Verb ( Dustin did his homework last night.) / transitive verb

BAB III
CLOSING
A. Conclution
From this paper, we can make a conclution that the component of
english grammar both of pronoun and verb are important thing that we must be
learn it before going to the next subject/topic. There are an important things
like Pronoun and Types of Pronouns; Verb and Types of Verb and the other
cases of topics. And the last we hope our paper can give us an explanation,
more knowledge, and afford to help us in learning.

REFERENCES
Syah, Muhibbin. 2010. English Grammar. Jakarta: PT. Grafindo Persada.
Saddle, Upper. tt. Writing and Grammar. America: tp.
Wiraksono, Andre. 2010. English Grammar. Jakarta: Pustaka Ilmu.
Novia, Windy. 2010. Basic English Grammar. Jakarta: Gama Jakarta.
Djuharie, Otong Setiawan. 2010. Functional English Grammar. Bandung: Yrama
Widya.
Kroeger, Paul.R. 2005. Analizyng Grammar. New York: Cambridge University
Press.

Fithriani, Rahma. 2010. English Grammar. Bandung: citra Pustaka Media Printis.
Hartanto, Jhon.S. 2009. English Grammar. Surabaya: Indah Surabaya.
Bhat, D.N.S. 2007. Oxford Linguistic. New York: Oxford University Press.
Huddleston, Rodney.2007. A Students Intronduction to English Grammar. New
York: Cambridge University Press.