SOLUTIONS TO APPLIED CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

CHAPTER 5
Prob. 5.1
Using KCL,
I1 I 2 I 3 I 4 0

I 3 I1 I 2 I 4 12 3 5 4 A

Prob. 5.2
I1 3 1
8 I1 I 2

I1 2 A

I 2 8 I1 10 A

I 3 I 2 1 11 A
Prob.5.3
At node b,

I2 10 4 14 A

At node c, 8 = 4 + I3

I3 4 A

At node a, I1 I3 10

I1 10 4 6 A

Prob. 5.4
I 3 I1 0 10 mA
I3 I 4 I5 0

I 4 ( I 3 I 5 ) (10 80) 90 mA

Prob. 5.5
I1 4 3 7 A
I 2 3 2

I 2 5 A

Prob. 5.6
20 I o 30 40 10

I o 50 50 0 mA

Prob. 5.7
We apply KCL.
I1 I 2 I 3 I 4

I1 I 3 I 4 I 2 2 5 4 3 A

Prob. 5.8
Let I v be the current through the voltage source, from right to left.
I1 I 2 I v

I v I1 I 2 4 3 1 A

I 2 I3 I 4 0
I5 Iv I 4

I 4 I 2 I 3 3 12 9 A
I5 I 4 I v 9 1 8 A

V (5)(9) (2)(3) 45 6 39 V
Prob. 5.9
I = 10 2 = 8 mA
Prob. 5.10
I = 2 8 + 3 = - 3 mA
Prob. 5.11

Rt

R 30

10
N
3

Prob. 5.12

Rt

50
25
2

Prob. 5.13

56 82
33.275
56 82
1
1
1
Gt

0.1244 103 S
12k 36k 75k
(b)
1
Rt
k 8.0385k
0.1244

(a) Rt

1
1
1

2.482 106 S
(c )
1.2M 5.6M 0.68M
Rt 0.4028 M
Gt

Prob. 5.14

Gt 10
Rt

1
0.0004167 416.7 S
24k

1
2400 2.4k
Gt

Prob. 5.15

Geq = 750 + 640 + 480+300 = 2120 mS = 2.12 S

Prob. 5.16
Let R 3 be in k.
1
1
1
1

4.2 20 25 R3

1
1
1
1

0.1481
R3 4.2 20 25

R3 6.752k

Prob. 5.17

1
1
1
1
1

0.03167
RT 150 240 80 120
RT

1
31.58
0.03167

Prob. 5.18

Geq = 40 +10+250 = 300 mS

Prob. 5.19

Geq

1 1 1

0.475
10 4 Rx

1
0.475 0.1 0.25 0.125
Rx

Rx 8
Prob. 5.20

30//30 = 15, 20//20 = 10

1 1 1
Geq
0.1828 182.8 mS
15 10 62
1
1
Req

5.47
Geq 0.1828

Prob. 5.21

40//40 = 20
20//20 = 10
10//10 = 5
RT = 5 k
Prob. 5.22
1
1 1 1 1
0.6944
Req 3 6 9 12

Req 1.44k

Prob. 5.23

1.2 //1.2 0.6k

0.6 // 0.6 0.3k 300
300 // 300 150
1
1
1
1

RT 300 150 100

RT 100

Prob. 5.24

IL

5
(4)
5 RL

(a) VL RL I L

20 RL
8
5 RL

20 RL 40 8 RL

RL 40 /12 3.333

(b)

IL

20
1
(4) 1
5 RL 4

20 RL 5

RL 15
Prob. 5.25

Consider the circuit as shown below. Since the resistors are in parallel, they have the
same voltage 12 V across them.

A1
I4
810

12 V

I3

I1

I2

1.5 k

1.2 k

100

A2

12
1.2k
12
I3
1.5k
A1 reads
A2 reads
I1

12
120mA,
100
12
8mA,
I4
14.8mA
810
I1 I 2 I 3 10 120 8 138 mA
I1 I 2 10 120 130 mA

10mA,

I2

Prob. 5.26
G1 G2 750 500 1250 S or 800
R T 800 // 20

800 20
19.51
800 20

Prob. 5.27
For R1 , I

9
V

1.915 mA
R1 4.7 k

P1 IV 9 1.915 17.235 mW
For R 2 , I

9
V

4.091 mA
R2 2.2k

P2 IV 9 4.091 36.82 mW
For R 3 , I

9
V

5 mA
R3 1.8k

P3 IV 9 5 45 mW
For R 4 , I

9
V

2.727 mA
R1 3.3k

P4 IV 9 2.727 24.545 mW

Prob. 5.28
I1

V
16

3.404 mA
R1 4.7 k

I2

V
16

10.667 mA
R2 1.5k

I3

V
16

4.102 mA
R3 3.9k

IT I1 I 2 I 3 18.173 mA

Prob. 5.29

(a) I t I1 I 2 I 3 0.7 0.7 0.7 2.1 A

(b) Vt V1 V2 V3 120 V
(c ) Pt Vt I t 120 2.1 252 W
Prob. 5.30
Rt (5 // 6 1// 2 4) // 3

5 6
2.73,
11
5 // 6 1// 2 4 7.4

1 2
0.67,
3

5 // 6

1// 2

Rt (5 // 6 1// 2 4) // 3

7.4 3
2.14
10.4

Prob. 5.31
20 30
12
(a)
20 30
Vm Req I s 12(0.5) 6 V
Req 20 // 30

(b) P

Vm2 Vm2 62 62

1.8 1.2 3 W
20 30 20 30

(c ) Ps Vm I s (6)(0.5) 3 W

Prob. 5.32

I s 6 I R I120 2 I120
(a)

I120

(b) P

Req
R120

V2
R

Is

Req
120

(6) or R eq 80

V 2 (120 4) 2

329.1
P
700

Prob. 5.33
1

1 1 1
Req 2.42
10 16 4
Req
2.42
(8)
(8)
3
I
2.42 R
Req R
Solving this gives R 4.033

V I 4 R4 (3)(4.033) 12.1 V

Prob. 5.34

1
1
1

Rt R1 R2

1 1
1

8 20 R2

1 1
R2 13.33
8 20
Prob. 5.35

We use current division

30
I1 (10) 7.5 A
40
10
I 2 (10) 2.5 A
40
Prob. 5.36

I120 4A

1 1
1

0.175
10 20 40
1/10
(12) 6.857 A
I1
0.175
1/ 20
(12) 3.4286 A
I2
0.175
1/ 40
(12) 1.714A
I3
0.175

Geq

Prob. 5.37

8 // 4 2.667 k
2.667
I1
(5) 1.0527 A
12.667
I 23 5 I1 3.9473
4
1
IT (3.9473) 1.3157 A
48
3
I 3 3.9473 1.3157 2.6314 A
I2

Prob. 5.38
1 1
1
11

R 2 R 3R 6 R
I
30 R
V RI

Geq
11
Geq

V
30 /11 2.727 A
R
V

15 /11 1.3636 A
2R
V

10 /11 0.9091 A
3R

IR
I2R
I3R

Prob. 5.39
GT 100 300 600 1000mS 1S
I
250mA

250mV 0.25 V
GT
1

V IR

V
GV
R
I100 GV (100mS )(0.25) 25 mA

I=

I 300 (300mS )(0.25) 75 mA

I 600 (600mS )(0.25) 150 mA

Prob. 5.40

60 // 40

60 40
24
60 40

60
1.5
16 24
40
(1.5) 0.6 A
I1
40 60
I 2 1.5 I1 1.5 0.6 0.9 A
Is

Prob. 5.41

(a)

GT

1
1
1

0.0551 55.1 mS
42 96 48

RT 1/ GT 18.15
(b) IT

Vs
120

6.614 A
RT 18.15

P3

Vs2 (120) 2

300 W
R3
48

Prob. 5.42

We apply the current division rule.

5
(8) 40 / 7 5.7143 A
I1
5 2
2
I2
(8) 16 / 7 2.2857 A
5 2

Prob. 5.43

G = 200 + 500 + 400 = 900 S

I 25mA
V IR
27.8 V
G 900 S
25
I=VG, I1
(200)mA 5.555 mA
900
25
I2
(300)mA 8.333 mA
900
25
I3
(400)mA 11.111 mA
900
Prob. 5.44
96 48
32
(a)
96 48
Vs IT RT 32 32 1.024 kV
(b) By current division principle,
96
Ix
(32) 21.333 A
48 96
RT 96 // 48

Prob. 5.45
1

1 1 1
(a) RT 16 // 8 // 25 (0.2275) 1 4.396
16 8 25
(b)GT 1/ RT 0.2275 S
(c) IT 120
Ix

RT

120GT 120 0.2275 27.3 A

120
15 A
8

Prob. 5.46

Using current division,

5.6
I2
(5 A) 2.947 A
5.6 3.9
3.9
I3
(5 A) 2.053 A
5.6 3.9
i.e A2 reads 2.947 A, while A3 indicates 2.053 A.

Prob. 5.47

From the schematic shown above, V2 = 68.57 V

V2
6.857 A
10
V
I 2 2 3.428 A
20
V
I 3 2 1.714 A
40
I1

Prob. 5.48

From the schematic, V1 = 10.53 kV.

V1
1.053 A
10k
V
I 2 1 1.316 A
8k
V
I 3 1 2.633 A
4k
I1

Prob. 5.49

From the circuit, IT = 8.4 A

From 5.50

From the results on the simulated circuit,

I1 = 15 mA, I2 = 30 mA, I3 = 30 mA, I4 = 7.503 A, I5 = 83 A

Prob.5.51

From the simulated circuit, I1 = 5 A, and I2 = 4 A.

Prob. 5.52

From the simulated circuit, I1 = 0.6 mA, and I2 = 0.9 mA.

Prob. 5.53

From the simulated circuit, it is evident that

I12 4 A, I 8 6 A, I 4 12 A, I 2 24 A
Prob. 5.54

If R3 is broken, it creates an open in the circuit and current I = 0. Hence

V1 V2 V3 V4 0
Prob. 5.55

If R3 is shorted, we obtain the voltages as follows.

60
60
I

0.5 A
40 60 0 20 120
V1 IR1 0.5 40 20 V
V2 IR2 0.5 60 30 V
V3 IR3 0.5 0 0V
V4 IR4 0.5 20 10 V

Prob. 5.56
If R x is open, no current flows through it.
12
12

mA 2.307 A
0.2k 5k 5.2
Using voltage division,
Io

Vab I o (5k ) 2.307 5 11.54 V

Prob. 5.57

(a) R2 is open circuited.

(b) R1 is open circuited.
(c ) R3 is open circuited
Prob. 5.58

Under normal operation.

60
60
IT

0.8 A
20 25 30 75
Under abnormal condition, R is shorted and
60
60
IT

1.2 A
20 30 50
Prob. 5.59

Under normal operation,

60
60
IT

0.2857 A
100 20 40 50 210
Under abnormal condition, R 2
IT

60
0A
100 40 50

Prob. 5.60

A failure may occur in a series circuit as an open. Such an open prevents current. When
an open occurs in a series circuit, all the source voltage appears across the open.
However, an unwanted short circuit occurs when two conductors touch each other. When
there is a short circuit, the short provides a bypass causing more current to flow than
normal.
Prob. 5.61

They all have the same voltage, V = 110

P P P 120 80 45 245
IT 1 2 3

2.2273 A
V
110
110
I d 4 IT 1.7727
P VI d 110 1.7727 195 W

Prob. 5.62
P1 120

1.091 A
V 110
P
80
I2 2
0.7273 A
V 110
P
60
I3 3
0.5454 A
V 110
P
40
I4 4
0.3636 A
V 110
I1

Prob. 5.63

I1

Vs 9
1.29 A
R1 7

I2

Vs 9
1.5 A
R2 6

I3

Vs 9
1.8 A
R3 5

IT I1 I 2 I 3 1.29 1.5 1.8 4.6 A

Prob. 5.64
R1

Vs2 (120) 2

22.5
P1
640

R2

Vs2 (120) 2

232.3
P2
62

Rt R1 // R2

R1 R2 22.5 232.3

20.5
R1 R2 22.5 232.3

Prob. 5.65

R1 10, R2 14,Vs 120 V

Vs2
1202

2.469 kW
R1 // R2 10 14
24
2
Vs
1202

600 W
R1 R2
24

Pmax

Pmin

Prob. 5.66
1

1 1 1
Rt 5.52
18 17 15
V
120
It s
21.74 A
Rt 5.52