9/15/2015

How To Use Ip Command In Linux with Examples

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HowToUseIpCommandInLinuxwithExamples
May2,2014|By Bobbin Zachariah in LINUX COMMANDS , LINUX HOWTO More
The linux ip command is similar to ifconfig, but more powerful and is intended to be a replacement for it. With ip you have the advantage of
performing several network administration tasks with only one command. ifconfig is one of the deprecated command within nettools that has not
beenmaintainedformanyyears.Thefunctionalitiesofmanycommandsisretainedwithmorefeaturesunderiproute2suite.

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9/15/2015

How To Use Ip Command In Linux with Examples

Toinstallipdownloadtheiproute2suiteutilityhere,howevermostLinuxdistributionswillcomewiththeiproute2toolspreinstalled.
Youcanalsouseusegittodownloadthesourcecode:
$gitclonehttps://kernel.googlesource.com/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shemminger/iproute2.git

SettingandDeletinganIpAddress
TosetanIPaddressforyourcomputer,thecommandipcanbeusedasfollows:
$sudoipaddradd192.168.0.193/24devwlan0
NotethattheIPaddresshasaprefix,forexample/24.Thisisusedinclasslessinterdomainrouting(CIDR)toshowthesubnetmaskused.Inthis
casethesubnetmaskis255.255.255.0.
AfteryouhavesettheIPaddressconfirmwithshow,whetherthethechangeshavetakeneffect.
$ipaddrshowwlan0

YoucanalsousethesameproceduretodeleteanIPaddressbyjustreplacingaddwithdel.
$sudoipaddrdel192.168.0.193/24devwlan0

ShowRoutingTableEntry
Therouteobjectofipcommandalsohelpsyoutoseetheroutepacketswilltakeinyournetworkassetinyourroutingtable.Thefirstentryisthe
defaultroutewhichyoucanchangeasyouprefer.
Inthisexamplethereareseveralroutes.Thesearearesultofhavingaseveraldevicesconnectedthroughdifferentnetworkinterface.Theseinclude
WIFI,Ethernetandapointtopointlink.
$iprouteshow

SupposenowthatyouhaveanIPaddresswhichyouneedtoknowtheroutepacketswilltake.Youcanuserouteoptionasfollows:
$iprouteget10.42.0.47

ChangingTheDefaultRoute
Tochangethedefaultroute,theipcommandcanbeusedasfollows:
$sudoiprouteadddefaultvia192.168.0.196

ShowNetworkStatistics
Theipcommandcanalsobeusedtoshowthestatisticsofthevariousnetworkinterfaces.Todothisyoucanusetheipcommandwiththeoptions
andthenspecifythenetworkdevice.
$ipslink

Whenyouneedtogetinformationaboutaparticularnetworkinterface,addtheoptionlsfollowedbythenameofthenetworkinterface.Theoptions
whenusedmorethanoncegivesyoumoreinformationaboutthatparticularinterface.Thiscanbeveryusefulespeciallywhentroubleshootingerrors
innetworkconnectivity.
$ipsslinklsp2p1

ARPEntries
AddressResolutionProtocol(ARP)isusedtotranslateanIPaddresstoitscorrespondingphysicaladdress,commonlyknownasMACaddress.With
ipcommandyoucanviewtheMACaddressofthedevicesconnectedinyourLANbyusingtheoptionneighorneighbour.
$ipneighbour

MonitorNetlinkMessages
Itisalsopossibletoviewnetlinkmessageswithipcommand.Themonitoroptionallowsyoutoseethestateofyournetworkdevices.Forinstancea
computeronyourLANcouldbecategorizedasREACHABLEorSTALEdependingonitsstatus.Thecommandcanbeusedasfollows:
$ipmonitorall

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How To Use Ip Command In Linux with Examples

ActivateandDeactivateNetworkInterface
Toactivateanparticularinterfaceyoucanusetheipcommandwithoptionsupanddown,almostsimilartohowifconfigisused.
In this example you can see the routing table entry when the ppp0 interface is activated and after it is deactivated and activated once again. The
interfacecanbewlan0oreth0.Changeppp0towhateverinterfaceisavailableinyourcase.
$sudoiplinksetppp0down
$sudoiplinksetppp0up

GettingHelp
Incaseyougetstuckanddonotknowhowaparticularoptionworksyoucanusethehelpoption.Themanpagedoesnotgivealotofinformationon
howtousetheipoptionsandthisiswherehelpcomestotherescue.
Forexample,toknowmoreabouttherouteoption:
$iproutehelp

TCPDelayedACK
FromRHEL7.1iproutepackageaddedsupportforTCPDelayedACK.Usebelowcommandtoenableit
iproutequickack

Conclusion
ThecommandipisamusthavetoolfornetworkadministratorsandallLinuxusersalike.Itistimetomovefromifconfig,especiallywhenyouare
writingscripts.

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Comments(9)
TrackbackURL|CommentsRSSFeed

1.

betazedsays:
May3,2014at6:03am
I'mcurious,canthetwobemixedsafely,forexamplewheremultiplepeoplearemaintainingasystem?
Reply

BobbinZachariahsays:
May3,2014at11:34am
AsfarasIknowitwillnotcreateanyissues!!!
Reply

2.

mesays:
May5,2014at3:34pm
Ioftenuseifconfigtocreatealiasinterface(whenIhavetoconfigurenewrouterwithfactorysetting,etc).Imisssimilarexampleusingip
command.Syntaxwithipconfigissimple:
ifconfigeth0:0192.168.0.2
IfoundthatIcandothatwithipcommandtoo,butitnotsimplecommand::(
ipaddradd192.168.0.2/24brd192.168.0.255deveth0labeleth0:0
Reply

ralasays:
December15,2014at6:55pm
useipaliascommand
Reply

3.

Mikesays:
May5,2014at10:36pm
Goodarticle.Thecheatsheetatthetopisreallyhelpful!Though,youdon'thavetoadd'show'foriprouteandipaddr.
Reply

4.

MichaelO'Donnellsays:
May14,2014at10:11pm
Hasitoccurredtoyouthatwhenyouwriteanarticlelikethisone(thatisn'tfullofcontentfreefluff)yourreadersmightwanttosavethe
informationitpresentsforlaterreference?AsonesuchreaderItypicallykeepacribsheetwithusefulexamplesthatI'vecut'n'pastedfrom
varioussources.Buthereyouare,perverselyusingPNGimagestopresent(someofthe)infoinanarticleaboutinherentlytextualcommand
linetools,therebymakingitdifficultforustopreservetheinfoinquestion.>/
Goodwork,nevertheless...
Reply

5.

Jetdillosays:
October29,2014at6:43pm
Thanksfortheinfo,thisisagoodwalkthroughofiproute,butI'mnotsure(orconvinced)ofwhyifconfigisnowconsideredharmful.
Imean,okay,woohooprogress,butasyourtableshows,youneedtwodifferentcommandstodowhatnetstatdoesbyitself.Youalsostillneed
tousecommandlikeiw(1)toconfiguretheunderlyingpropertiesofWLANdevices,theBlueZsuiteforbluetoothdevices,etc.
Removingnettoolsasapackageiscertainlyonewaytoforceuserstouseiproute,butIremainunconvincedthatit'sactuallymaterially
*better*.
Reply

6.

Mikesays:
November24,2014at6:56am
IPcommandisterriblelesspowerful,lessconfigurable,andexhibitsthetypicaldevelopermegalomania.
Reply

7.

Teleboriansays:
July17,2015at2:46pm
I'msearchingasolutiontocreatetemporaryhostnamestospecifigIPAdresswithoutmodifythe/etc/hosts
http://test>{IPAdress}
AnyoneanIdea?
Reply

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How To Use Ip Command In Linux with Examples

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