doi: 10.5681/bi.2011.035
http://bi.tbzmed.ac.ir/
Department Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
3
East Azerbaijan Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tabriz, Iran
2
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTR ACT
Article Type:
Research Article
Article History:
Received: 10 Oct 2011
Revised: 25 Nov 2011
Accepted: 15 Dec 2011
ePublished: 5 Jan 2012
Keywords:
Dorema glabrum
Essential Oil
Sesquiterpenes
DPPH
Introduction
The genus Dorema (Apiaceae) is represented by seven
species in Iranian flora, among them Dorema glabrum
Fisch. C.A. Mey, D. aucheri Boiss and D. ammonicum
D. Don are endemic (Mozaffarian 2003). Dorema glabrum is a perennial herb that grows in loamy or rocky
slopes of Nakhichevan, Autonomous RepublicAzerbaijan, Armenia and Iran. Though, according to
Rechinger, distribution of Dorema glabrum is restricted
to Transcaucasia region (Nakhichevan and Armenia
zone) (Rechinger 1987), recent works show that this
plant is growing in some locations in North-West of Iran
(Mozaffarian 2007, Ajani et al 2008).
Members of this genus possess antispasmodic, expectorant, carminative, diaphoretic, mild diuretic, emmenagogue, stimulant, vasodilator (Ghollassi Mood 2008, Yousefzadi et al 2011a), antimicrobial and antifungal (Shahidi et al 2002, Kumar et al 2006, Yousefzadi et al
2011a) and hepatoprotector (Govind 2011) properties
and are intensively used as a green vegetable or as a folk
medicine for treatment of many diseases (Ibadullayeva et
al 2011). According to the common folk believes of
*Corresponding author: Hossein Nazemiyeh (PhD), Tel.: +98 (411) 3367914, E-mail: nazemiyehh@yahoo.com
Copyright 2011 by Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
Asnaashari et al.
men (TUM-FPh-541) has been deposited at the Herbarium of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of
Medical Sciences.
Oil extraction
Air-dried and finely powdered roots were subjected to
hydrodistillation for 3 h using a Clevenger type apparatus and the yielded oil was subsequently dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate.
GC-MS analysis
The GC-MS analysis was carried out on a Shimadzu
GCMS-QP5050A gas chromatograph- mass spectrometer fitted with a fused silicon capillary DB-1 column (60
m x 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 m film thickness). Helium was
used as the carrier gas at a flow rate of 1.3 mL/min). The
oven temperature was kept at 50 C for 2 min and programmed to 260 C at a rate of 3 C/min. The injector
temperature was 230 C and split ratio was adjusted at
1:63. The MS was taken at the following condition: ionization potential, 70 ev, ion source temperature 200 C;
quadrupole 100 C; solvent delay 8 min; mass range, em
voltage 3000 volts. Identification of compounds was
based on direct comparison of the retention times and
mass spectral data with those for standard compounds,
and computer matching with the NIST 21, NIST 107 and
WILEY229 library, as well as by comparison of the
fragmentation patterns of the mass spectra with those
reported in the literature (Adams 2004).
Free radical scavenging activity: the 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay
The free radical scavenging effect of the essential oil
was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH) assay (Nazemiyeh et al 2008). DPPH was obtained from Fluka Chemie AG, Bucks and a solution of
DPPH (0.08 mg/mL) in chloroform (CHCl3) was used.
The essential oil was dissolved in CHCl3 to obtain the
stock concentration of 1 mg/mL. Dilutions were made to
obtain concentrations of 510-1, 2.510-1, 1.2510-1,
6.2510-2, 3.1310-2 and 1.5610-2 mg/mL. Diluted
solutions (5 mL each) were mixed with DPPH solution
(5 mL) and allowed to stand for 30 min for any reaction
to occur. The UV absorbance was recorded at 517 nm.
The experiment was done in triplicate and the mean absorption was measured for each concentration. The same
manner was followed for the positive control, quercetin.
RI*
1205
1226
1270
1355
1383
1432
1447
1460
1466
1487
Content (%)
06.32
03.13
02.11
00.77
05.70
00.52
01.03
00.51
01.16
00.38
1496
01.29
1496
1503
1507
1517
1520
1526
1527
1550
1552
1553
1592
1600
1602
1610
1627
1630
1740
1795
1898
1940
2000
2200
2300
01.29
07.48
00.77
04.77
12.77
01.03
01.55
02.19
01.03
02.84
00.90
00.65
05.42
00.65
02.19
00.90
00.39
01.68
04.26
00.65
03.74
00.90
00.52
Alpha-Copaene
Calamenene
H
Alpha-Muurolene
Alpha-Calacorene
Cadalene
Germacrene B
HO
HO
12.69
42.60
14.18
12.14
81.60
H
Delta-Cadinol
Alpha-Cadinol
O
O
Cubenol
O
Carvacrol Methyl Ether
Alpha-Fenchyl Acetate
OH
E-Nerolidol
E-Greanyl Acetone
H
Beta-Bisabolene
Delta-Cadinene
Conclusion
D. glabrum is a perennial medicinal plant growing
commonly in Armenia, Nakhichevan and Iran. The plant
is currently used as a remedy for treating cancerous diseases in folk medicine and also as a green vegetable in
domestic use. Unfortunately there is no literature and
research works on D. glabrum and we believe that extensive works are needed to reveal its medicinal values and
protection as well.
Ethical issues
Not applicable in this research.
BioImpacts, 2011, 1(4), 241-244
| 243
Asnaashari et al.
Conflict of interests
Authors declared no conflicts of interests.
References
Adams RP. 2004. Identification of essential oil components by
gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Carol Stream, IL,
Allured.
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Dehghan G, Fatholahi G, Sheikhzadeh N and Ahmadiasl N.
2009. Hypocholesteremic and antioxidant effects of Dorema
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Duthie JF. 1956. The umbelliferae group. British Homoeopathic Journal, 45(2), 77-88.