Process ends with a device / product / structure / algorithm that is verified to meet
those needs.
Final stage takes System Design to prototype of fully functioning system.
Detailed Design
Detailed Design determines what is the mechanical, electrical, structural and other
types of physical variations there may be and detail is specification around that
component, the part that we buy or the part that we put in.
Example; Requirement for passenger vehicle, physical allocation certain amount
of seats in front and certain amount in the back. Component engineering portion
there would be a choice around the propulsion e.g. internal combustion engine or
electrical drive train.
The components come in the detailed design phase.
Morphological Chart Method: - aim of the morphological chart method is to
generate the complete range of alternative design solutions for a product, and
hence to widen the search for potential new solutions. It is a physical design tool,
which allows you to examine different physical implementations of something.
Select amongst those using some criteria.
Testing
Having done all our design process, now we evaluate if that design process did
what it said it was going to do. We do a design realisation and evaluation process
where we do verification and validation. Difference between verification and
validation is that verification is step by step whilst validation is the over arching
end-to-end, defining these can be in the exam.
Design Verification: o Analysis the use of mathematical modelling and analytical techniques to
predict the compliance of a design to its requirements.
o Inspection the visual examination of the system, component, or
subsystem. It is generally used to verify physical design features.
o Demonstration the use of system, subsystem, or component operation to
show that a requirement can be achieved by the system. Used for a basic
confirmation of performance capability, but lacks detail.
o Test the use of system or component operation to obtain detailed data to
verify performance or to provide information to verify performance
through further analysis. Testing is the detailed quantifying method of
verification and is required to verify the system design.
Design Reviews
Keeps team members up-to-date on state of design and enables other stakeholders
input to critical design decisions.
Usually conducted at every important milestones, must be done at these 3 times: o Completion of Requirement Specification
o System Specification
o Detailed design System test
A design review should be held at these key points; prior to order acceptance,
prior to detail design, at suitable points during detail design.
Exposes cost and quality problems early in the design process, objectively
assesses design simplification opportunities, drives optimisation of product costs.
Design for Assembly (DFA): - DFA minimizes total product cost by targeting;
part count which is the major product cost driver, assembly time, part cost,
assembly process, assembled with single linear motion, part is secured
immediately upon insertion, using fewer standard components, design products to
maximise accessibility during manufacturing and subsequent repairs and
maintenance.
Design for Manufacture (DFM): - DFM is a development practice emphasising
manufacturing issues throughout the product development process; optimise
design for production readiness, aimed at minimising the cost of production while
maintaining an appropriate level of quality, prevents producing expensive designs
that are difficult to manufacture, this is done by having a multidiscipline team
which include personnel from manufacturing, this is an industrial designer.
Design for X (DFX): - It is essentially another constraint on your design e.g.
Design for human interaction, safety, design for logistics, design for environment.
Industrial Design
Five critical goals of industrial design are; utility (products human interface
should be safe, easy to use and intuitive), appearance, ease of maintenance, low