2/2/2011

CARTOGRAPHIC OUTPUT
WIM FERINGA

CARTOGRAPHIC OUTPUT
OBJECTIVES OF THIS LECTURE

At the end of this lecture you need to have basic knowledge on

expected problems when creating output for monitor or print
soft and hard copy
the use of different technology
different used output formats
resolution problems
how to create good output in ArcGis

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

2/2/2011

CARTOGRAPHIC OUTPUT
WHAT ARE THE PROBLEMS
Software
limited options for correct visualisation and output settings
Student
has limited knowledge on the subject
Is focusing on Screen more than on final product environment
Output
conversion from Screen Output device causes problems
the
th fil
files for
f output
t t are too
t complex
l
quality of output device (resolution, colourspace)

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

OUTPUT

SOFT AND HARD

2/2/2011

OUTPUT TO THE MONITOR

SOFT

Flat panel technology

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
Gas Plasma
FED (Field Emission Display)

Resolution
Dot pitch
Refresh-rate

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

OUTPUT - MONITORS
RGB

RGB = RGB?

2/2/2011

OUTPUT - PRINTERS
CMYK

Laser
Inkjet
Offset
Analogue
Digital

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

OUTPUT - PRINTERS
LASER PRINTER

Works according the attraction of opposite charged elements

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

2/2/2011

OUTPUT - PRINTERS
LASER QUALITY
Resolution
Paper
Technology

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

10

OUTPUT - PRINTERS
INKJET TECHNOLOGY
Continuous flow
steady stream of ink
deflecting drops electronically
onto the printing medium
high-speed production lines
print small characters on
product surfaces

Drop on demand

print head nozzles

each eject a single drop
only when activated
thermal and piezo-electric

CMYK
cartridges

2/2/2011

OUTPUT - PRINTERS
INKJET QUALITY
Depends on:
Resolution
Technology
Paper

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

11

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

12

OUTPUT - PRINTERS
OFFSET TECHNOLOGY
Grease/water
Indirect transfer
CMYK
Halftone screening

2/2/2011

OUTPUT - PRINTERS
OFFSET PRO AND CONTRA
Analog

Digital

Resolution to max. 120 dots/cm

Advantage above analog

Reliable and controllable quality

Small volume

Sensitive for ink and paper quality

On-demand

Very costly process because:

Personified

expensive equipment
high labor costs
Cheap at high volume printing

speed
Disadvantage compared to analog
Size
Price
colour control
stability (results are not
always identical)

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

13

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

14

OUTPUT - PRINTERS

SELECTING THE MOST APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY

2/2/2011

OUTPUT

COLOUR MANAGEMENT
All the different colour devices (scanners, monitors, printers, offset) have
their own colour gamut.
Expensive colour management systems aim to maintain colour constancy
using profiles, usually with reference to a standard, e.g. CIElab.
Ideal is WYSIWYG.
A much cheaper way to manage colour is to use colour charts (not
WYSIWYG).

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

15

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

16

OUTPUT - FORMATS

FORMATS GOOD FOR OUTPUT ON PAPER

Raster
Fixed resolution
Relatively large file sizes
Tiff

Vector
for high quality output
Non-fixed resolution
Small file sizes
Last minute edits
PS
Eps
PDF

PDF
Can embed fonts and images
Supported by most printer-drivers
Accepted as standard output file

2/2/2011

OUTPUT - FORMATS

FORMATS GOOD FOR OUTPUT TO MONITOR

Raster
Jpg
Gif
Png

Vector
Svg
Swf
pdf

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

17

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

18

OUTPUT FROM ARCMAP

WORKING PROCEDURE - PREPARE

Know output size
Web in pixels (e.g.. 600 * 400)
Recalculate in Inches (for page settings)
Screen resolution = 96 dpi (dots per Inch)
600/96 = 6.25

400/96 = 4.17

Paper in cm (e.g.. A4 = 21 * 29.7) or Inch

Know output destination (web or print)

Important for format
Web: jpeg, gif
Paper: pdf

2/2/2011

OUTPUT FROM ARCMAP

WORKING PROCEDURE PAGE AND PRINT SETUP

Paper:
Select printer
Select standard
paper size if
applicable
Use Map Page
Size if different
from standard

Monitor:
Insert calculated
width and eight

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

19

OUTPUT FROM ARCMAP

WORKING PROCEDURE PRODUCTION FOR WEBPAGES

Work in Layout
View on 100%
Resize the Data
Frame to the exact
size of the output
area, leave no
white border
around the map

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

20

10

2/2/2011

OUTPUT FROM ARCMAP

WORKING PROCEDURE PRODUCTION OF GIF OR JPEG

Export map
Select location
Select type

Tab General
Resolution 96 dpi

Tab Format
Gif default
Jpeg quality 60 - 80

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

21

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

22

OUTPUT FROM ARCMAP

WORKING PROCEDURE OUTPUT TO PDF

Export map
Select location
Select type

Tab General
Resolution to =>600 dpi

Tab Format
Colour space CMYK
Check Convert Marker Symbols
Check Embed All Document Fonts

Tab Advanced
Select one of the three options,
depending on use of pdf
Check Export Map Georeference
Information if applicable

11

2/2/2011

OUTPUT FROM ARCMAP

RESOLUTION SETTINGS FOR PDF

Since PDF is vector oriented, does it have influence on:

Line quality
Accuracy
Font spacing

GFM4, Module 3 Cartographic output

23

12